style(touch): rustfmt the presenter finger dispatch + gesture engine

Wrap the long dispatch_finger call args, Abs struct literals, and Act::Button/ Scroll/MoveRel pushes per rustfmt (the CI fmt check on pf-presenter). No behavior change. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
chore(release): bump workspace version to 0.10.1
2026-07-14 00:01:05 +02:00 · 2026-07-13 23:58:35 +02:00 · 2026-07-13 23:51:29 +02:00 · 2026-07-13 22:29:41 +02:00 · 2026-07-13 22:24:03 +02:00 · 2026-07-13 22:05:13 +02:00
310 changed files with 31410 additions and 12355 deletions
@@ -16,8 +16,17 @@ on:
  workflow_dispatch:

 jobs:
+  # SECURITY: builds/tests PULL-REQUEST code on the host-mode, persistent `macos-arm64` runner shared
+  # with the release-signing job (release.yml, which loads the App Store Connect key). Untrusted PR
+  # code could persist on it or harvest signing material. Definitive fix is server-side: enable Gitea's
+  # "require approval for PRs from outside collaborators/forks", and/or isolate PR CI on ephemeral
+  # runners. The `if:` is a fail-open backstop — it skips fork PRs where Gitea reports the fork flag and
+  # still runs same-repo PRs (and where the flag is absent), so it never blocks internal PR CI.
  swift:
    runs-on: macos-arm64
+    if: >-
+      gitea.event_name != 'pull_request' ||
+      gitea.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork != true
    timeout-minutes: 60
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -90,7 +90,14 @@ jobs:
          git config --global --add safe.directory "$PWD"
          # punktfunk-client-session is the Vulkan/Skia streamer the shell execs for a connect —
          # both client binaries must ship (build-client-deb.sh installs both).
-          cargo build --release --locked \
+          # --features punktfunk-host/nvenc: the direct-SDK NVENC path (real RFI + recovery anchor on
+          # Linux NVIDIA; design/linux-direct-nvenc.md). AMD/Intel-safe — NVENC/CUDA is dlopen'd at
+          # runtime (no link-time dep; identical DT_NEEDED to a plain build), and the encoder is only
+          # constructed for a CUDA capture frame + PUNKTFUNK_NVENC_DIRECT, never on VAAPI hosts.
+          # --features punktfunk-host/vulkan-encode: the AMD/Intel twin — raw VK_KHR_video_encode_h265
+          # with real RFI (design/linux-vulkan-video-encode.md). Pure Rust ash (no new lib / link dep);
+          # default on for HEVC (PUNKTFUNK_VULKAN_ENCODE=0 → libav VAAPI), failed open falls back to VAAPI.
+          cargo build --release --locked --features punktfunk-host/nvenc,punktfunk-host/vulkan-encode \
            -p punktfunk-host -p punktfunk-client-linux -p punktfunk-client-session

      - name: Build + smoke-boot web console (bun preset)
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+# Deploy-only: bring up the two unom-1 pieces that live in THIS repo but whose normal
+# deploys are coupled to heavy build workflows — docs to docker.yml's 5-image matrix,
+# the flatpak server to flatpak.yml's full flatpak-builder run. This workflow does
+# NEITHER build: it just (re)places the compose files and pulls the already-published
+# images, so unom/infra's deploy-all can bring a fresh unom-1 fully up in a single
+# dispatch without triggering those rebuilds.
+#
+#   docs     -> pulls git.unom.io/unom/punktfunk-docs:latest (built by docker.yml) and
+#               brings it up on :3220.
+#   flatpak  -> brings up the caddy:2-alpine static server on :3230. The OSTree repo
+#               CONTENT (./site) is NOT shipped here — it is regenerated by flatpak.yml
+#               on the next client build, or restored from the unom-1 backup
+#               (unom/infra scripts/restore-unom-1.sh, `files` tag). A fresh box serves
+#               an empty repo until then; that is expected.
+#
+# Dispatched by unom/infra scripts/deploy-all.sh: `dispatch-and-wait.sh punktfunk
+# deploy-services.yml`. Uses the same secret set docker.yml/flatpak.yml already rely on:
+# DEPLOY_HOST/USER/PORT/SSH_KEY (the unom-ci-deploy key) + REGISTRY_TOKEN (docs pull).
+name: deploy-services
+run-name: ${{ gitea.actor }} deploy docs + flatpak server
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      deploy_host:
+        description: "Box IP to deploy to; deploy-all passes the freshly-provisioned target IP. Blank (push) uses the DEPLOY_HOST secret."
+        required: false
+
+jobs:
+  docs:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    timeout-minutes: 10
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Sync compose file
+        # SHA-pinned (receives DEPLOY_SSH_KEY): a moved tag would mean credential
+        # exfiltration. v0.1.7 = 917f8b8. Bump the SHA + trailing version together.
+        uses: appleboy/scp-action@917f8b81dfc1ccd331fef9e2d61bdc6c8be94634 # v0.1.7
+        with:
+          host: ${{ inputs.deploy_host || secrets.DEPLOY_HOST }}
+          username: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_USER }}
+          port: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_PORT }}
+          key: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_SSH_KEY }}
+          source: "compose.production.yml"
+          target: "~/punktfunk-docs"
+          overwrite: true
+
+      - name: Pull and start docs
+        # SHA-pinned: receives DEPLOY_SSH_KEY + REGISTRY_TOKEN. v1.2.5 = 0ff4204.
+        uses: appleboy/ssh-action@0ff4204d59e8e51228ff73bce53f80d53301dee2 # v1.2.5
+        env:
+          REGISTRY_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.REGISTRY_TOKEN }}
+        with:
+          host: ${{ inputs.deploy_host || secrets.DEPLOY_HOST }}
+          username: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_USER }}
+          port: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_PORT }}
+          key: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_SSH_KEY }}
+          # Token enters via env, never the script text (keeps it out of run logs).
+          envs: REGISTRY_TOKEN
+          script: |
+            set -euo pipefail
+            printf '%s' "$REGISTRY_TOKEN" | docker login git.unom.io -u enricobuehler --password-stdin
+            cd ~/punktfunk-docs
+            docker compose -f compose.production.yml pull docs
+            docker compose -f compose.production.yml up -d --no-build docs
+
+  flatpak:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    timeout-minutes: 10
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Sync flatpak server compose + Caddyfile
+        uses: appleboy/scp-action@917f8b81dfc1ccd331fef9e2d61bdc6c8be94634 # v0.1.7
+        with:
+          host: ${{ inputs.deploy_host || secrets.DEPLOY_HOST }}
+          username: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_USER }}
+          port: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_PORT }}
+          key: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_SSH_KEY }}
+          # Land both files flat in ~/unom-flatpak/ (drop the packaging/flatpak/server/ prefix).
+          source: "packaging/flatpak/server/compose.production.yml,packaging/flatpak/server/Caddyfile"
+          target: "~/unom-flatpak"
+          strip_components: 3
+          overwrite: true
+
+      - name: Start flatpak static server
+        uses: appleboy/ssh-action@0ff4204d59e8e51228ff73bce53f80d53301dee2 # v1.2.5
+        with:
+          host: ${{ inputs.deploy_host || secrets.DEPLOY_HOST }}
+          username: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_USER }}
+          port: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_PORT }}
+          key: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_SSH_KEY }}
+          script: |
+            set -euo pipefail
+            # ./site (the OSTree repo) is NOT shipped by this workflow. Ensure the
+            # bind-mount source exists so caddy starts; content is restored from the
+            # unom-1 backup or regenerated by flatpak.yml's next publish.
+            mkdir -p ~/unom-flatpak/site/repo
+            cd ~/unom-flatpak
+            docker compose -f compose.production.yml up -d
@@ -59,6 +59,23 @@ jobs:
      image: fedora:43
      options: --privileged
    steps:
+      # DNS fix — MUST run before any network step. fedora:43's nsswitch.conf is
+      # `hosts: files myhostname resolve [!UNAVAIL=return] dns`: the `resolve`
+      # module is nss-resolve (systemd-resolved), which isn't running in a CI
+      # container. glibc getaddrinfo (git, curl, dnf) mostly falls through to the
+      # `dns` module -> Docker's embedded 127.0.0.11 -> works. flatpak/ostree's
+      # resolver does NOT fall through: the absent-daemon socket connect trips
+      # `[!UNAVAIL=return]` and it reports "[6] Could not resolve hostname". This
+      # was masked as an intermittent "busy runner drops DNS" and papered over
+      # with retry.sh — but it's deterministic on a runner where the resolve
+      # module tips that way (surfaced when jobs began landing on home-runner-2).
+      # Drop the `resolve` entry so host lookups use plain `dns`. NOTE: this alone is not
+      # sufficient — the Tooling step's dnf install pulls a systemd package upgrade whose RPM
+      # trigger re-runs authselect and regenerates this file, undoing the fix. It's reapplied
+      # there, right before the first `flatpak` network call.
+      - name: Fix container DNS (drop nss-resolve — no systemd-resolved in CI)
+        run: sed -i 's/resolve \[!UNAVAIL=return\] //' /etc/nsswitch.conf
+
      # fedora:43 has no node, but actions/checkout (a JS action) needs it. A plain `run:` step
      # executes via the container shell (no node needed), so install node BEFORE checkout.
      - name: node for the JS actions
@@ -72,8 +89,28 @@ jobs:
          # gnupg2/rsync/openssh-clients: sign the OSTree repo + rsync it to unom-1 (see the deploy step).
          dnf -y install flatpak flatpak-builder git python3 python3-aiohttp python3-tomlkit curl jq \
            gnupg2 rsync openssh-clients
+          # Belt-and-suspenders: keep nsswitch on plain `dns` even if this dnf transaction pulled
+          # in a fresh systemd-resolved (it does — flatpak recommends xdg-desktop-portal ->
+          # pipewire/wireplumber -> systemd-networkd/-resolved). Verified on the real runner
+          # (2026-07-11) this dnf install does NOT actually rewrite /etc/nsswitch.conf — no
+          # authselect trigger fires — so this line alone was never the fix for the failures
+          # below. See the retry.sh bump for the real cause.
+          sed -i 's/resolve \[!UNAVAIL=return\] //' /etc/nsswitch.conf
          # Flathub provides the GNOME runtime/SDK + the rust-stable + ffmpeg-full extensions.
-          flatpak remote-add --user --if-not-exists flathub \
+          #
+          # ROOT CAUSE (confirmed 2026-07-11 by watching a live run on home-runner-1): this is
+          # NOT a deterministic nsswitch/DNS-config bug. gitea-runner-fleet on home-runner-1 is
+          # a SHARED, resource-capped fleet (3 replicas, --cpus 5 --memory 7g each, on a 16c/24G
+          # box) serving punktfunk AND several other orgs' repos (chatwoot, website, cms, data,
+          # infra, tempblade, played...). A push to punktfunk's main fans out ~8 workflows at
+          # once, and this runner box's Docker embedded DNS resolver (127.0.0.11) genuinely
+          # drops UDP lookups under that concurrent load — exactly what retry.sh's own header
+          # comment already documented. Reproduced: manually dispatching this job when the box
+          # was idle (1 container running) succeeded immediately, with or without the sed above.
+          # 5 attempts (~100s total) isn't always enough to outlast a synchronized multi-org
+          # burst, so bump the bootstrap fetch's budget — never fail the job on a single-shot
+          # fetch. Same treatment for every network command below.
+          bash scripts/ci/retry.sh 10 flatpak remote-add --user --if-not-exists flathub \
            https://dl.flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo
          git config --global --add safe.directory "$PWD"

@@ -108,7 +145,7 @@ jobs:
        # device" (see packaging/flatpak/prune-windows-lock.py). The committed Cargo.lock is
        # untouched; cargo --offline only needs sources for the crates it compiles.
        run: |
-          curl -fsSL -o /tmp/flatpak-cargo-generator.py \
+          curl -fsSL --retry 5 --retry-all-errors --retry-delay 5 -o /tmp/flatpak-cargo-generator.py \
            https://raw.githubusercontent.com/flatpak/flatpak-builder-tools/master/cargo/flatpak-cargo-generator.py
          python3 packaging/flatpak/prune-windows-lock.py Cargo.lock /tmp/Cargo.flatpak.lock
          python3 /tmp/flatpak-cargo-generator.py /tmp/Cargo.flatpak.lock \
@@ -142,18 +179,45 @@ jobs:
          DEST="${DEPLOY_USER}@${DEPLOY_HOST}"
          mkdir -p "$PWD/repo"
          # Pull the currently-published repo (all channels' objects + refs) into the repo the build
-          # will extend. No --delete: the local repo starts empty, so this only ADDS. A missing
-          # server repo (very first publish) is fine — we continue with a fresh repo.
-          rsync -az --info=stats1 -e "$SSH" "$DEST:$DEPLOY_DIR/site/repo/" "$PWD/repo/" \
-            || echo "::warning::no published repo to seed (first publish?) — continuing fresh"
+          # will extend. No --delete: the local repo starts empty, so this only ADDS.
+          # Probe first (retried) whether a published repo exists at all: ONLY that case may
+          # continue with a fresh repo. A transient network failure must FAIL the job instead —
+          # a blanket `rsync || continue` here is exactly how a flaky link produces the
+          # single-branch summary that clobbers the other channel (the bug described above).
+          PRESENT=$(bash scripts/ci/retry.sh 5 $SSH "$DEST" \
+            "[ -d $DEPLOY_DIR/site/repo/refs ] && echo present || echo absent")
+          if [ "$PRESENT" = present ]; then
+            bash scripts/ci/retry.sh 5 rsync -az --info=stats1 -e "$SSH" \
+              "$DEST:$DEPLOY_DIR/site/repo/" "$PWD/repo/"
+          else
+            echo "::warning::no published repo on the server (first publish) — continuing fresh"
+          fi
          echo "seeded refs:"; ls "$PWD/repo/refs/heads/app/$APP_ID/x86_64/" 2>/dev/null || echo "  (none)"

-      - name: Build the flatpak (install deps from Flathub, offline build)
+      - name: Prefetch deps + sources (retried — the network phase, split off the build)
        run: |
-          # --install-deps-from=flathub pulls everything the manifest declares: the GNOME 50
-          # runtime/SDK + the rust-stable (//25.08, rustc 1.96) and llvm20 SDK extensions, plus
-          # the runtime's auto codecs-extra (HEVC libavcodec). --disable-rofiles-fuse is the
-          # container-safe path (no FUSE).
+          # All of the job's heavy network I/O happens HERE, retried, so a dropped DNS lookup
+          # or TCP dial costs a backoff-retry instead of the whole (long) compile:
+          #   1) --install-deps-only pulls everything the manifest declares from Flathub: the
+          #      GNOME 50 runtime/SDK + the rust-stable (//25.08, rustc 1.96) and llvm20 SDK
+          #      extensions, plus the runtime's auto codecs-extra (HEVC libavcodec).
+          #   2) --download-only fetches every source (all crates in cargo-sources.json) into
+          #      the .flatpak-builder state dir. Both are resumable/idempotent, so re-running
+          #      after a partial failure is safe and cheap.
+          # --disable-rofiles-fuse is the container-safe path (no FUSE).
+          # 10 attempts (~9min budget), matching the remote-add bootstrap above — same shared,
+          # load-sensitive runner, same flathub.org resolution path.
+          bash scripts/ci/retry.sh 10 flatpak-builder --user --force-clean --disable-rofiles-fuse \
+            --install-deps-from=flathub --install-deps-only \
+            "$PWD/build-dir" "$MANIFEST"
+          bash scripts/ci/retry.sh 10 flatpak-builder --user --force-clean --disable-rofiles-fuse \
+            --download-only \
+            "$PWD/build-dir" "$MANIFEST"
+
+      - name: Build the flatpak (offline — deps + sources prefetched above)
+        run: |
+          # Everything is already local (state dir warmed by the prefetch step), so this long
+          # step needs no network; --install-deps-from stays as a no-op safety net.
          # --default-branch=$FLATPAK_BRANCH pins the ref to app/io.unom.Punktfunk/x86_64/<branch>
          # (canary or stable) so the matching hosted .flatpakref resolves deterministically
          # (manifest sets no branch).
@@ -272,11 +336,13 @@ jobs:
          printf '%s\n' "$DEPLOY_SSH_KEY" > ~/.ssh/deploy; chmod 600 ~/.ssh/deploy
          SSH="ssh -i $HOME/.ssh/deploy -p ${DEPLOY_PORT:-22} -o StrictHostKeyChecking=accept-new"
          DEST="${DEPLOY_USER}@${DEPLOY_HOST}"
-          $SSH "$DEST" "mkdir -p ~/$DEPLOY_DIR/site/repo"
-          rsync -az --info=stats1 -e "$SSH" repo/ "$DEST:$DEPLOY_DIR/site/repo/"
-          rsync -az -e "$SSH" site/unom.flatpakrepo "site/${APP_ID}.flatpakref" "site/${APP_ID}.Canary.flatpakref" site/index.html "$DEST:$DEPLOY_DIR/site/"
-          rsync -az -e "$SSH" packaging/flatpak/server/compose.production.yml packaging/flatpak/server/Caddyfile "$DEST:$DEPLOY_DIR/"
-          $SSH "$DEST" "cd ~/$DEPLOY_DIR && docker compose -f compose.production.yml up -d"
+          # All idempotent — retried because the runner's link to unom-1 drops TCP dials under
+          # load (the same flake that hits docker.yml's deploy-docs with "dial tcp: i/o timeout").
+          bash scripts/ci/retry.sh 5 $SSH "$DEST" "mkdir -p ~/$DEPLOY_DIR/site/repo"
+          bash scripts/ci/retry.sh 5 rsync -az --info=stats1 -e "$SSH" repo/ "$DEST:$DEPLOY_DIR/site/repo/"
+          bash scripts/ci/retry.sh 5 rsync -az -e "$SSH" site/unom.flatpakrepo "site/${APP_ID}.flatpakref" "site/${APP_ID}.Canary.flatpakref" site/index.html "$DEST:$DEPLOY_DIR/site/"
+          bash scripts/ci/retry.sh 5 rsync -az -e "$SSH" packaging/flatpak/server/compose.production.yml packaging/flatpak/server/Caddyfile "$DEST:$DEPLOY_DIR/"
+          bash scripts/ci/retry.sh 5 $SSH "$DEST" "cd ~/$DEPLOY_DIR && docker compose -f compose.production.yml up -d"
          echo "deployed → $REPO_URL/${APP_ID}.flatpakref"

      - name: Attach bundle to the Gitea release (stable tags only)
@@ -30,8 +30,15 @@ on:
 # scripts/ci/ensure-windows-toolchain.ps1, a fast no-op once already present.

 jobs:
+  # SECURITY: builds PULL-REQUEST code on the host-mode, persistent `windows-amd64` runner shared with
+  # the release-signing jobs (windows-host.yml / windows-msix.yml). See windows.yml for the full
+  # rationale. Definitive fix is server-side (Gitea outside-collaborator approval + isolated PR
+  # runners); the `if:` is a fail-open backstop that never blocks internal PR CI.
  probe-and-proto:
    runs-on: windows-amd64
+    if: >-
+      github.event_name != 'pull_request' ||
+      github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork != true
    timeout-minutes: 30
    defaults:
      run:
@@ -108,6 +115,9 @@ jobs:
  # DLL's FORCE_INTEGRITY (/INTEGRITYCHECK) bit — the M0 self-signed-load question.
  driver-build:
    runs-on: windows-amd64
+    if: >-
+      github.event_name != 'pull_request' ||
+      github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork != true
    timeout-minutes: 45
    defaults:
      run:
@@ -68,8 +68,20 @@ on:
  workflow_dispatch:

 jobs:
+  # SECURITY: this job builds PULL-REQUEST code (attacker-controllable build.rs / cargo build) on the
+  # host-mode, persistent `windows-amd64` runner that the release-SIGNING jobs (windows-host.yml /
+  # windows-msix.yml, which decrypt MSIX_CERT_PFX_B64 + REGISTRY_TOKEN to disk) also run on. Untrusted
+  # PR code could therefore persist on that machine or harvest signing material a later job exposes.
+  # The DEFINITIVE fix is operational and lives outside this file: enable Gitea's "require approval to
+  # run workflows for PRs from outside collaborators/forks", and/or route PR CI to isolated ephemeral
+  # runners. The `if:` below is only a backstop — it skips fork PRs where Gitea reports the fork flag,
+  # and FAILS OPEN (still runs) for same-repo PRs and on Gitea versions that don't populate it, so it
+  # never blocks internal PR CI.
  build:
    runs-on: windows-amd64
+    if: >-
+      github.event_name != 'pull_request' ||
+      github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork != true
    timeout-minutes: 90
    strategy:
      fail-fast: false
@@ -40,4 +40,6 @@ Generated artifacts are checked in and CI fails on drift: `include/punktfunk_cor
 `api/openapi.json` (`cargo run -p punktfunk-host -- openapi`). Match the surrounding code's comment
 density and naming. Commit messages end with the `Co-Authored-By` trailer (see `git log`).

-See [`CLAUDE.md`](CLAUDE.md) for the full build/test/run guide and design invariants.
+See the [README's Build & test section](README.md#build--test-from-source) and
+[Design invariants](README.md#design-invariants) for the full build/test/run guide, and the
+[docs site](https://docs.punktfunk.unom.io) for architecture and per-platform guides.
@@ -870,15 +870,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "itertools 0.10.5",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "crossbeam-channel"
-version = "0.5.15"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "82b8f8f868b36967f9606790d1903570de9ceaf870a7bf9fbbd3016d636a2cb2"
-dependencies = [
- "crossbeam-utils",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "crossbeam-deque"
 version = "0.8.6"
@@ -2154,7 +2145,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "latency-probe"
-version = "0.9.0"
+version = "0.10.1"

 [[package]]
 name = "lazy_static"
@@ -2286,7 +2277,7 @@ checksum = "0ceec5bc11778974d1bcb055b18002eba7f4b3518b6a0081b3af5f21666da9ad"

 [[package]]
 name = "loss-harness"
-version = "0.9.0"
+version = "0.10.1"
 dependencies = [
 "punktfunk-core",
 ]
@@ -2765,7 +2756,7 @@ checksum = "9b4f627cb1b25917193a259e49bdad08f671f8d9708acfd5fe0a8c1455d87220"

 [[package]]
 name = "pf-client-core"
-version = "0.9.0"
+version = "0.10.1"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
 "async-channel",
@@ -2787,7 +2778,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "pf-console-ui"
-version = "0.9.0"
+version = "0.10.1"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
 "ash",
@@ -2808,7 +2799,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "pf-ffvk"
-version = "0.9.0"
+version = "0.10.1"
 dependencies = [
 "ash",
 "bindgen",
@@ -2817,7 +2808,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "pf-presenter"
-version = "0.9.0"
+version = "0.10.1"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
 "ash",
@@ -3001,7 +2992,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "punktfunk-client-android"
-version = "0.9.0"
+version = "0.10.1"
 dependencies = [
 "android_logger",
 "jni",
@@ -3017,7 +3008,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "punktfunk-client-linux"
-version = "0.9.0"
+version = "0.10.1"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
 "async-channel",
@@ -3033,7 +3024,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "punktfunk-client-session"
-version = "0.9.0"
+version = "0.10.1"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
 "pf-client-core",
@@ -3048,22 +3039,17 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "punktfunk-client-windows"
-version = "0.9.0"
+version = "0.10.1"
 dependencies = [
- "anyhow",
 "async-channel",
- "crossbeam-channel",
 "ffmpeg-next",
 "mdns-sd",
- "opus",
 "pf-client-core",
 "punktfunk-core",
- "sdl3",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
 "tracing",
 "tracing-subscriber",
- "wasapi",
 "windows 0.62.2 (git+https://github.com/microsoft/windows-rs?rev=a4f7b2cb7c63c6bb7fc77a2affe57145be1d8c4f)",
 "windows-reactor",
 "windows-reactor-setup",
@@ -3072,7 +3058,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "punktfunk-core"
-version = "0.9.0"
+version = "0.10.1"
 dependencies = [
 "aes-gcm",
 "bytes",
@@ -3103,7 +3089,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "punktfunk-host"
-version = "0.9.0"
+version = "0.10.1"
 dependencies = [
 "aes",
 "aes-gcm",
@@ -3175,7 +3161,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "punktfunk-probe"
-version = "0.9.0"
+version = "0.10.1"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
 "mdns-sd",
@@ -3189,7 +3175,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "punktfunk-tray"
-version = "0.9.0"
+version = "0.10.1"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
 "ksni",
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ exclude = [
    "clients/android/native/vendor/ndk",
 ]

-# ndk 0.9.0 verbatim from crates.io plus ONE visibility change: `MediaCodec::as_ptr` made public
+# ndk 0.9.0 verbatim from crates.io plus ONE visibility change (and two warning fixes — an
+# unnecessary `std::` qualification and a feature-gated `Result` import): `MediaCodec::as_ptr` made public
 # (upstream keeps it private and exposes no frame-rendered binding), so the Android client can
 # call `AMediaCodec_setOnFrameRenderedCallback` via ndk-sys for the HUD's `display` stage
 # (design/stats-unification.md). Drop the patch when upstream exposes the pointer or the callback.
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ exclude = [
 ndk = { path = "clients/android/native/vendor/ndk" }

 [workspace.package]
-version = "0.9.0"
+version = "0.10.1"
 edition = "2021"
 rust-version = "1.82"
 license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@ punktfunk pairs a **virtual-display streaming host** with native clients on ever
 the existing **GameStream** protocol, so any [Moonlight](https://moonlight-stream.org/) client works
 day one — and adds its own faster **`punktfunk/1`** protocol that breaks the ~1 Gbps FEC wall with a
 **GF(2¹⁶) Leopard-RS** transport. A single shared **Rust core** (`punktfunk-core`) holds the
-protocol, FEC, and crypto, linked into the host and every client over a stable C ABI.
+protocol, FEC, and crypto, linked into the host and every native client — directly as a Rust crate
+on Linux and Windows, and over a stable C ABI from the Apple and Android apps.

 ## What makes it different

@@ -58,12 +59,16 @@ protocol, FEC, and crypto, linked into the host and every client over a stable C
 | **GameStream host** → stock Moonlight | ✅ Live end-to-end: pairing, RTSP, audio, per-client virtual output at native resolution, GPU zero-copy NVENC, gamepads |
 | **Native protocol** — `punktfunk/1` | ✅ Validated live: QUIC control + GF(2¹⁶) FEC/AES-GCM data plane, PIN pairing, mDNS discovery, mid-stream mode renegotiation |
 | **Windows host** (Windows 11 22H2+, x64) | 🟡 Implemented & shipping as a signed installer: its own all-Rust IddCx **virtual display** (secure-desktop capable) with a **sealed IDD-push** capture path — finished frames pushed straight into its own driver, not screen-scraped (no DDA/WGC) · GPU encode (NVENC on NVIDIA, AMF/QSV on AMD/Intel, software H.264 without a GPU) · WASAPI audio · bundled virtual-gamepad drivers (no ViGEmBus) · HDR incl. Vulkan-game HDR. NVIDIA live-validated; AMD/Intel CI-green |
-| **macOS / iOS / tvOS client** (`clients/apple`) | ✅ Streaming live: VideoToolbox decode, controllers incl. DualSense, discovery, pairing, speed test |
-| **Linux client** (`clients/linux`, GTK4) | ✅ Streaming live: FFmpeg + VAAPI zero-copy decode, PipeWire audio, SDL3 controllers; ships as Flatpak/apt/rpm/Arch |
+| **macOS / iOS / tvOS client** (`clients/apple`) | ✅ Streaming live: VideoToolbox decode (HEVC, and AV1 on hardware that decodes it), controllers incl. DualSense, discovery, pairing, speed test |
+| **Linux client** (`clients/linux` + `clients/session`) | ✅ Streaming live: relm4/GTK4 launcher shell that spawns a Vulkan session binary — Vulkan Video / VAAPI / software decode, PipeWire audio, SDL3 controllers, Skia console UI; ships as Flatpak/apt/rpm/Arch |
 | **Android client** (`clients/android`, phone + TV) | ✅ Streaming live: AMediaCodec decode + HDR10, AAudio audio, controllers, discovery, pairing |
-| **Windows client** (`clients/windows`, WinUI 3) | ✅ Streaming live: D3D11VA hardware decode on all GPU vendors (NVIDIA + Intel validated on glass) with software fallback, WASAPI audio, SDL3 controllers, discovery, pairing; ships as signed MSIX (x64 + ARM64). HDR10 implemented, on-glass validation pending |
+| **Windows client** (`clients/windows`, WinUI 3) | ✅ Streaming live: WinUI 3 shell + Vulkan session presenter, hardware decode on all GPU vendors via Vulkan Video → D3D11VA → software (NVIDIA + Intel validated on glass), WASAPI audio, SDL3 controllers, discovery, pairing; ships as signed MSIX (x64 + ARM64). HDR10 implemented, on-glass validation pending |
 | **Web console + management API** (`web/`) | ✅ TanStack console over the OpenAPI mgmt API: host status, paired devices, on-demand PIN pairing, GPU selection, performance capture graphs, live host logs |

+Every native client also ships a tiered **stats overlay** (Compact / Normal / Detailed) with a
+shared vocabulary across platforms, and the session client carries a full gamepad-driven **console
+shell** (`pf-console-ui`): host list, PIN pairing, settings, and an on-screen keyboard.
+
 The **GameStream host works with a stock Moonlight client** — validated live on NVIDIA hardware
 (RTX 5070 Ti, RTX 4090): PIN pairing that persists across restarts, an app catalog, RTSP/ENet/audio,
 and **video at the client's exact resolution and refresh** via a per-session virtual output (KWin,
@@ -117,7 +122,7 @@ Each client discovers hosts on the network automatically and does a one-time
 For development, or as an install fallback where no package is available:

 ```sh
-cargo build --workspace          # the Rust core, host, Linux client, and probe (Linux & macOS)
+cargo build --workspace          # core, host, tray, shared client crates, Linux shell + session client, probe (Linux & macOS)
 cargo test  --workspace          # unit + loopback + proptest + C ABI harness
 cargo clippy --workspace --all-targets -- -D warnings
 cargo fmt --all --check
@@ -137,18 +142,27 @@ and the [docs site](https://docs.punktfunk.unom.io).
 crates/
  punktfunk-core/   protocol · FEC · pacing · crypto · QUIC control plane — the C ABI (lib + cdylib + staticlib)
  punktfunk-host/   the host (Linux + Windows): virtual displays · capture · encode · input · GameStream · punktfunk/1 · mgmt
+  pf-client-core/   shared client plumbing (Linux + Windows): session pump · FFmpeg decode · audio · SDL3 gamepads · trust · discovery
+  pf-presenter/     Vulkan session presenter: SDL3 window · ash swapchain · frame present · input capture
+  pf-console-ui/    Skia console UI for the session client: gamepad shell · stats OSD · pairing · on-screen keyboard
+  pf-ffvk/          FFmpeg Vulkan hwcontext bindings (AVVkFrame) for Vulkan Video decode on the presenter's device
+  pf-driver-proto/  host ↔ pf-vdisplay driver contract: control IOCTLs + IDD-push frame transport (no_std)
+  punktfunk-tray/   host tray icon (Windows notification area / Linux StatusNotifierItem)
 clients/
  apple/    macOS / iOS / tvOS app (Swift · VideoToolbox · Metal · GameController)
-  linux/    Linux desktop app (Rust · GTK4/libadwaita · FFmpeg/VAAPI · PipeWire · SDL3)
+  linux/    Linux launcher shell (Rust · relm4 / GTK4 / libadwaita) — spawns the session client to stream
+  session/  punktfunk-session, the Vulkan streaming session (Rust · SDL3 · ash · Skia console UI) — also runs standalone (gamescope, Decky)
  windows/  Windows desktop app (Rust · WinUI 3 · D3D11 · WASAPI · SDL3)
  android/  Android phone + TV app (Kotlin · Rust JNI core · AMediaCodec · AAudio)
  probe/    headless reference / measurement client for punktfunk/1
  decky/    Steam Deck Decky plugin
 web/                         web console (TanStack) over the management API — status · devices · pairing · GPUs · performance · logs
+api/openapi.json             management-API OpenAPI spec (regenerated via `punktfunk-host openapi`, checked in)
 packaging/                   apt · rpm / COPR · Arch · Flatpak · Bazzite bootc image
 docs-site/                   public documentation site (Fumadocs) — https://docs.punktfunk.unom.io
 include/punktfunk_core.h     cbindgen-generated C header (checked in)
 tools/                       latency-probe · loss-harness (measurement)
+ci/                          CI container images (rust-ci · fedora-rpm)
 ```

 ## Design invariants
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ exposes other users before a fix exists.

 The more of this you can give us, the faster we can act:

- The component and version (e.g. `punktfunk-host 0.6.0`, Windows or Linux, which client).
+- The component and version (e.g. `punktfunk-host 0.9.0`, Windows or Linux, which client).
 - The impact — what an attacker can do, and from what position (same LAN, a local service account,
  admin, a paired client, …).
 - Steps to reproduce, a proof-of-concept, or a crash/log if you have one.
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
      "name": "MIT OR Apache-2.0",
      "identifier": "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
    },
-    "version": "0.9.0"
+    "version": "0.9.1"
  },
  "paths": {
    "/api/v1/clients": {
@@ -2517,6 +2517,10 @@
        "type": "object",
        "description": "The user-facing display-management policy — what `display-settings.json` holds and what the mgmt\nAPI GETs/PUTs. When [`preset`](Self::preset) is not [`Preset::Custom`] the explicit fields are\nignored (the console writes one or the other); [`effective`](Self::effective) resolves both to a\nsingle [`EffectivePolicy`].",
        "properties": {
+          "ddc_power_off": {
+            "type": "boolean",
+            "description": "EXPERIMENTAL (Windows): command physical monitors' panels off over DDC/CI (VCP 0xD6 →\nDPMS off) right before an `Exclusive` isolate deactivates them, and back on at restore.\nTargets the \"connected-but-dark head\" periodic-stutter class (monitor standby\nauto-input-scan / DP link churn while the virtual display is the sole active display) at\nthe monitor-firmware level. Best-effort — monitors without DDC/CI (or with it disabled in\nthe OSD) are skipped. Orthogonal to `preset` (like `game_session`): preserved across\npreset changes; `#[serde(default)]` = off so existing `display-settings.json` files are\nuntouched."
+          },
          "game_session": {
            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/GameSession",
            "description": "How a game-launching session is served (`design/gamemode-and-dedicated-sessions.md` §5.2).\nOrthogonal to `preset`/lifecycle — preserved across preset changes; `#[serde(default)]` = `Auto`\nso existing `display-settings.json` files are untouched."
@@ -2539,6 +2543,10 @@
          "mode_conflict": {
            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ModeConflict"
          },
+          "pnp_disable_monitors": {
+            "type": "boolean",
+            "description": "EXPERIMENTAL (Windows): after an `Exclusive` isolate deactivates the physical monitors,\nadditionally DISABLE their PnP device nodes (persistently, so a standby monitor/TV whose\nhot-plug events re-arrive stays disabled) and re-enable them at restore. Targets the same\n\"connected-but-dark head\" periodic-stutter class as [`Self::ddc_power_off`], but at the\nWindows-reaction level: a disabled devnode's wake events trigger no PnP arrival, no CCD\nre-evaluation, no DWM invalidation. A crash-recovery journal re-enables leftovers on host\nstartup. Orthogonal to `preset` (like `game_session`); `#[serde(default)]` = off."
+          },
          "preset": {
            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Preset"
          },
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ kit/              :kit — NativeBridge · native mDNS discovery · Gamepad · K
 `build-tools;37.0.0`, **`cmake;3.22.1`** (builds libopus); **JDK 21** (AGP 9.2 runs on JDK 17–21, not
 a newer default); Rust with `rustup target add aarch64-linux-android armv7-linux-androideabi x86_64-linux-android` and
 `cargo install cargo-ndk`. Toolchain is pinned (AGP 9.2 · Gradle 9.4.1 · Kotlin 2.3.21 · Compose BOM
-2026.05.01 · compileSdk 37 · minSdk 31).
+2026.05.01 · compileSdk 37 · minSdk 28).

 **Android Studio:** open `clients/android` — it uses its bundled JBR 21, and the `cargoNdk*` task
 builds the `.so` as part of the normal build.
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+package io.unom.punktfunk
+
+import androidx.activity.compose.BackHandler
+import androidx.compose.animation.core.LinearEasing
+import androidx.compose.animation.core.RepeatMode
+import androidx.compose.animation.core.animateFloat
+import androidx.compose.animation.core.infiniteRepeatable
+import androidx.compose.animation.core.rememberInfiniteTransition
+import androidx.compose.animation.core.tween
+import androidx.compose.foundation.Canvas
+import androidx.compose.foundation.clickable
+import androidx.compose.foundation.interaction.MutableInteractionSource
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Arrangement
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Box
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Column
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxSize
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.padding
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.size
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.widthIn
+import androidx.compose.material.icons.Icons
+import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.Bedtime
+import androidx.compose.material3.AlertDialog
+import androidx.compose.material3.CircularProgressIndicator
+import androidx.compose.material3.Icon
+import androidx.compose.material3.Text
+import androidx.compose.material3.TextButton
+import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
+import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
+import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
+import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
+import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
+import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.Color
+import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.drawscope.Stroke
+import androidx.compose.ui.text.font.FontFamily
+import androidx.compose.ui.text.font.FontWeight
+import androidx.compose.ui.text.style.TextAlign
+import androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp
+import androidx.compose.ui.unit.sp
+import androidx.compose.ui.window.DialogProperties
+
+/**
+ * Which phase of the connect flow to draw — the pure view model [ConnectOverlay] resolves from the
+ * live dial/wake state, so [ConnectTakeover] / [ConnectModal] can render (and be screenshot-tested)
+ * statelessly.
+ */
+internal sealed interface ConnectPhase {
+    val hostName: String
+
+    /** The dial is in flight (shown the instant a host is picked). */
+    data class Connecting(override val hostName: String) : ConnectPhase
+
+    /** A sleeping host is being Wake-on-LAN'd and we're waiting for it to advertise again. */
+    data class Waking(override val hostName: String, val seconds: Int, val connectsAfter: Boolean) : ConnectPhase
+
+    /** The wake wait ran out — offer retry / cancel. */
+    data class WakeTimedOut(override val hostName: String) : ConnectPhase
+}
+
+/** Per-phase copy, shared by the console takeover and the touch modal so both read identically. */
+private data class ConnectCopy(
+    val title: String,
+    val subtitle: String,
+    /** Monospace the subtitle so a ticking seconds counter doesn't jitter its width. */
+    val monoSubtitle: Boolean,
+    val cancelLabel: String,
+)
+
+private fun connectCopy(phase: ConnectPhase): ConnectCopy = when (phase) {
+    is ConnectPhase.Connecting -> ConnectCopy(
+        "Connecting to ${phase.hostName}", "Establishing a secure connection…", false, "Cancel",
+    )
+    is ConnectPhase.Waking -> ConnectCopy(
+        "Waking ${phase.hostName}…",
+        "Waiting for it to come online · ${phase.seconds}s",
+        true,
+        // A wake-only wait (no dial after) says "Stop Waiting"; a wake that will connect says "Cancel".
+        if (!phase.connectsAfter) "Stop Waiting" else "Cancel",
+    )
+    is ConnectPhase.WakeTimedOut -> ConnectCopy(
+        "${phase.hostName} didn't wake",
+        "It may still be booting, or it's powered off / off this network.",
+        false,
+        "Cancel",
+    )
+}
+
+/**
+ * The unified "getting you connected" feedback — one flow for BOTH phases of reaching a host, so the
+ * user gets feedback the instant they pick one and it flows seamlessly into a wake if the host turns
+ * out to be asleep:
+ *
+ *  - **Connecting** ([connectingHostName] non-null): the dial is in flight. Shown immediately on tap,
+ *    so a host that takes a beat to answer no longer looks like nothing happened.
+ *  - **Waking** ([WakeController.waking] non-null): the dial failed on a sleeping host, so we're firing
+ *    Wake-on-LAN and waiting for it to advertise again, escalating to a retry/cancel prompt on timeout.
+ *
+ * Presentation is mode-aware (mirrors the Apple client): in the **console / gamepad** UI it's a
+ * full-screen aurora [ConnectTakeover] — the same signature backdrop the console home uses, driven by
+ * the pad (B cancels, A retries once timed out) with a hint bar. In the **default touch** UI it's a
+ * Material [ConnectModal] over the host grid, matching the app's other dialogs — the aurora takeover
+ * looked out of place there.
+ *
+ * The two phases hand off within a single Compose frame (see ConnectScreen's `doConnectDirect` →
+ * `waker.start` → redial), so nothing blinks between them.
+ */
+@Composable
+fun ConnectOverlay(
+    connectingHostName: String?,
+    waker: WakeController,
+    gamepadUi: Boolean,
+    onCancelConnect: () -> Unit,
+) {
+    val waking = waker.waking
+    // Waking takes precedence (it only exists after a dial has failed) so a stray overlap can't strand
+    // the "Connecting…" phase over a wake in progress.
+    val phase = when {
+        waking != null && waking.timedOut -> ConnectPhase.WakeTimedOut(waking.hostName)
+        waking != null -> ConnectPhase.Waking(waking.hostName, waking.seconds, waking.connectsAfter)
+        connectingHostName != null -> ConnectPhase.Connecting(connectingHostName)
+        else -> return
+    }
+
+    // System Back / pad B (remapped) cancels whatever's in flight — a plain dial or the wake wait.
+    val cancel = { if (waking != null) waker.cancel() else onCancelConnect() }
+
+    if (gamepadUi) {
+        BackHandler { cancel() }
+        // A retries once a wake has timed out; B falls through to the BackHandler above.
+        GamepadNavEffect2D(
+            active = true,
+            onDirection = {},
+            onActivate = { if (phase is ConnectPhase.WakeTimedOut) waker.retry() },
+        )
+        ConnectTakeover(phase = phase, onCancel = cancel, onRetry = { waker.retry() })
+    } else {
+        // The AlertDialog owns its own scrim + system-Back handling (routed to cancel).
+        ConnectModal(phase = phase, onCancel = cancel, onRetry = { waker.retry() })
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The default-UI presentation: a Material dialog over the host grid, matching the app's other touch
+ * dialogs. A spinner (or the sleep glyph once timed out) sits above the title; the scrim is inert so a
+ * stray tap can't drop a connect in flight — only the buttons or system Back cancel.
+ */
+@Composable
+internal fun ConnectModal(
+    phase: ConnectPhase,
+    onCancel: () -> Unit,
+    onRetry: () -> Unit,
+) {
+    val copy = connectCopy(phase)
+    val timedOut = phase is ConnectPhase.WakeTimedOut
+    AlertDialog(
+        onDismissRequest = onCancel,
+        properties = DialogProperties(dismissOnClickOutside = false),
+        icon = {
+            if (timedOut) {
+                Icon(Icons.Filled.Bedtime, contentDescription = null)
+            } else {
+                CircularProgressIndicator(modifier = Modifier.size(28.dp), strokeWidth = 3.dp)
+            }
+        },
+        title = { Text(copy.title, textAlign = TextAlign.Center) },
+        text = {
+            Text(
+                copy.subtitle,
+                textAlign = TextAlign.Center,
+                fontFamily = if (copy.monoSubtitle) FontFamily.Monospace else FontFamily.Default,
+            )
+        },
+        // No confirm action until the wake times out; then "Try Again" is the primary button.
+        confirmButton = {
+            if (timedOut) TextButton(onClick = onRetry) { Text("Try Again") }
+        },
+        dismissButton = {
+            TextButton(onClick = onCancel) { Text(copy.cancelLabel) }
+        },
+    )
+}
+
+/**
+ * The console / gamepad presentation: an opaque aurora backdrop with a centred spinner/title/subtitle
+ * for [phase], plus a bottom hint bar spelling out the pad actions (B cancels, A retries once timed
+ * out) — glyph-driven like every other console screen. onClick keeps the hints tappable too, so a
+ * user without a working pad can still get out.
+ */
+@Composable
+internal fun ConnectTakeover(
+    phase: ConnectPhase,
+    onCancel: () -> Unit,
+    onRetry: () -> Unit,
+) {
+    val copy = connectCopy(phase)
+    val timedOut = phase is ConnectPhase.WakeTimedOut
+
+    Box(
+        Modifier
+            .fillMaxSize()
+            // Swallow taps so the screen behind can't be touched through the takeover.
+            .clickable(interactionSource = remember { MutableInteractionSource() }, indication = null) {},
+        contentAlignment = Alignment.Center,
+    ) {
+        GamepadAuroraBackground(Modifier.fillMaxSize())
+        Column(
+            Modifier.padding(horizontal = 40.dp).widthIn(max = 460.dp),
+            horizontalAlignment = Alignment.CenterHorizontally,
+            verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(18.dp),
+        ) {
+            if (timedOut) {
+                Box(Modifier.size(120.dp), contentAlignment = Alignment.Center) {
+                    Icon(
+                        Icons.Filled.Bedtime,
+                        contentDescription = null,
+                        tint = Color.White.copy(alpha = 0.9f),
+                        modifier = Modifier.size(46.dp),
+                    )
+                }
+            } else {
+                PulsingSpinner()
+            }
+            Text(
+                copy.title,
+                color = Color.White,
+                fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold,
+                fontSize = 24.sp,
+                textAlign = TextAlign.Center,
+            )
+            Text(
+                copy.subtitle,
+                color = Color.White.copy(alpha = 0.65f),
+                fontSize = 14.sp,
+                textAlign = TextAlign.Center,
+                fontFamily = if (copy.monoSubtitle) FontFamily.Monospace else FontFamily.Default,
+            )
+        }
+        val hints = buildList {
+            add(PadGlyph.hint('B', copy.cancelLabel, onClick = onCancel))
+            if (timedOut) add(PadGlyph.hint('A', "Try Again", onClick = onRetry))
+        }
+        GamepadHintBar(hints, Modifier.align(Alignment.BottomCenter).padding(bottom = 28.dp))
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The connecting/waking indicator: a white progress ring inside two brand-violet halo rings that
+ * expand and fade on a staggered loop — a small sign of life so the takeover reads as working, not
+ * stalled.
+ */
+@Composable
+private fun PulsingSpinner() {
+    val transition = rememberInfiniteTransition(label = "connectPulse")
+    val pulse by transition.animateFloat(
+        initialValue = 0f,
+        targetValue = 1f,
+        animationSpec = infiniteRepeatable(tween(1600, easing = LinearEasing), RepeatMode.Restart),
+        label = "pulse",
+    )
+    Box(Modifier.size(120.dp), contentAlignment = Alignment.Center) {
+        Canvas(Modifier.fillMaxSize()) {
+            val maxR = size.minDimension / 2f
+            for (i in 0..1) {
+                val p = (pulse + i * 0.5f) % 1f
+                drawCircle(
+                    color = Color(0xFF8678F5).copy(alpha = (1f - p) * 0.35f),
+                    radius = maxR * (0.42f + p * 0.58f),
+                    style = Stroke(width = 2.dp.toPx()),
+                )
+            }
+        }
+        CircularProgressIndicator(
+            color = Color.White,
+            strokeWidth = 3.dp,
+            modifier = Modifier.size(54.dp),
+        )
+    }
+}
@@ -88,6 +88,16 @@ private class RequestAccessState(val target: PendingTrust) {
    val cancelled = AtomicBoolean(false)
 }

+/**
+ * A plain dial in flight — [hostName] labels the unified [ConnectOverlay]'s "Connecting…" phase, and
+ * [cancelled] lets its Cancel abort. The native connect is a blocking call with no abort, so Cancel
+ * returns the UI immediately and a late-arriving handle is torn down silently rather than navigating
+ * into a session the user already backed out of. Mirrors [RequestAccessState]'s late-result handling.
+ */
+private class ConnectAttempt(val hostName: String) {
+    val cancelled = AtomicBoolean(false)
+}
+
@Composable
 fun ConnectScreen(
    settings: Settings,
@@ -107,6 +117,9 @@ fun ConnectScreen(
    var port by remember { mutableStateOf("9777") }
    var connecting by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }
    var status by remember { mutableStateOf<String?>(null) }
+    // A plain dial in flight (drives the "Connecting…" phase of the full-screen ConnectOverlay); null
+    // when idle or when the request-access / wake flows own the screen instead.
+    var attempt by remember { mutableStateOf<ConnectAttempt?>(null) }
    // The host streams at exactly this mode; "Native" settings resolve from the device display.
    val (w, h, hz) = settings.effectiveMode(context)

@@ -267,11 +280,20 @@ fun ConnectScreen(
            status = "Identity not ready yet — try again in a moment"
            return
        }
+        val thisAttempt = ConnectAttempt(name)
+        attempt = thisAttempt // shows the ConnectOverlay's "Connecting…" phase immediately
        connecting = true
-        status = "Connecting to $targetHost:$targetPort…"
+        status = null
        discovery.stop() // free the Wi-Fi radio before the stream session
        scope.launch {
            val handle = connectNative(id, targetHost, targetPort, pinHex ?: "", CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS)
+            // Cancelled mid-dial: the UI's already been returned (and discovery restarted) by
+            // cancelConnect — drop the just-opened session silently rather than navigating into it.
+            if (thisAttempt.cancelled.get()) {
+                if (handle != 0L) withContext(Dispatchers.IO) { NativeBridge.nativeClose(handle) }
+                return@launch
+            }
+            attempt = null
            connecting = false
            if (handle != 0L) {
                if (pinHex == null) { // TOFU: pin what we observed (unpaired)
@@ -284,7 +306,9 @@ fun ConnectScreen(
            } else {
                discovery.start()
                if (onFailure != null) {
-                    status = ""
+                    // Hand off to the wake-and-wait flow — clearing `attempt` above and setting
+                    // `waker.waking` here land in one recompose, so the overlay slides
+                    // Connecting → Waking without a blank frame.
                    onFailure()
                } else {
                    status = "Connection failed — check host/port, PIN, and logcat"
@@ -293,6 +317,16 @@ fun ConnectScreen(
        }
    }

+    // Cancel a plain dial in flight (the overlay's "Connecting…" phase, B / Cancel). The native
+    // connect can't be aborted, so flag this attempt (a late handle is closed silently in
+    // doConnectDirect) and return the UI now, resuming the discovery we paused for the dial.
+    fun cancelConnect() {
+        attempt?.cancelled?.set(true)
+        attempt = null
+        connecting = false
+        discovery.start()
+    }
+
    // Wake-aware connect. If auto-wake is on (Settings.autoWakeEnabled) and the target is a saved
    // host with a learned MAC that ISN'T currently advertising, fire a wake packet and DIAL
    // IMMEDIATELY — mDNS absence does NOT mean unreachable (a host reached over a routed network —
@@ -506,40 +540,21 @@ fun ConnectScreen(
                    Spacer(Modifier.height(24.dp))

                    status?.let {
-                        // While connecting it's progress (spinner, neutral); otherwise it's a
-                        // result/error (red). Previously every status showed in error-red, so a
-                        // normal "Connecting…" looked like a failure.
-                        if (connecting) {
-                            Row(
-                                verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically,
-                                horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(8.dp),
-                            ) {
-                                CircularProgressIndicator(
-                                    modifier = Modifier.size(16.dp),
-                                    strokeWidth = 2.dp,
-                                )
-                                Text(
-                                    it,
-                                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium,
-                                    color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
-                                )
-                            }
-                        } else {
-                            // Result/error: a filled error container reads as a real failure banner,
-                            // not just red text lost in the layout.
-                            Surface(
-                                color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.errorContainer,
-                                shape = MaterialTheme.shapes.medium,
-                                modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
-                            ) {
-                                Text(
-                                    it,
-                                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium,
-                                    color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onErrorContainer,
-                                    textAlign = TextAlign.Center,
-                                    modifier = Modifier.padding(horizontal = 16.dp, vertical = 12.dp),
-                                )
-                            }
+                        // In-flight progress (connecting / waking) is the full-screen ConnectOverlay's
+                        // job now, so `status` only ever carries a result/error here — a filled error
+                        // container reads as a real failure banner, not just red text lost in the layout.
+                        Surface(
+                            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.errorContainer,
+                            shape = MaterialTheme.shapes.medium,
+                            modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+                        ) {
+                            Text(
+                                it,
+                                style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium,
+                                color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onErrorContainer,
+                                textAlign = TextAlign.Center,
+                                modifier = Modifier.padding(horizontal = 16.dp, vertical = 12.dp),
+                            )
                        }
                        Spacer(Modifier.height(16.dp))
                    }
@@ -837,8 +852,15 @@ fun ConnectScreen(
        }
    }

-    // Topmost: the "Waking…" overlay rides over both the touch grid and the console home.
-    WakeOverlay(waker, gamepadUi)
+    // Topmost: the full-screen connect takeover — instant "Connecting…" feedback on any dial, flowing
+    // seamlessly into the "Waking…" wait if the host turns out to be asleep. Rides over both the touch
+    // grid and the console home.
+    ConnectOverlay(
+        connectingHostName = attempt?.hostName,
+        waker = waker,
+        gamepadUi = gamepadUi,
+        onCancelConnect = { cancelConnect() },
+    )
 }

 /**
@@ -158,8 +158,11 @@ fun ControllersScreen(gamepadSetting: Int, onBack: () -> Unit) {
                    color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
                )
            }
-            pads.forEachIndexed { i, dev ->
-                PadRow(dev, forwarded = i == 0, gamepadSetting = gamepadSetting)
+            // Every real controller is forwarded now (Automatic forwards them all, each on its own
+            // wire pad index) — not just the first. A joystick-only device Android doesn't classify as
+            // a gamepad still can't be forwarded (the host wants a gamepad), so gate the badge on it.
+            pads.forEach { dev ->
+                PadRow(dev, forwarded = isForwarded(dev), gamepadSetting = gamepadSetting)
            }
        }

@@ -222,8 +225,12 @@ private fun PadRow(dev: InputDevice, forwarded: Boolean, gamepadSetting: Int) {
            Row(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(), verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically) {
                Text(dev.name, style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyLarge, modifier = Modifier.weight(1f))
                if (forwarded) {
+                    // Android's own controller number (1-based; 0 = unassigned), shown so a multi-pad
+                    // user can tell which physical pad is which. The stream's wire pad index is
+                    // assigned separately (lowest-free per device) once streaming starts.
+                    val number = dev.controllerNumber
                    Text(
-                        "forwarded to host",
+                        if (number > 0) "forwarded · player $number" else "forwarded to host",
                        style = MaterialTheme.typography.labelSmall,
                        color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary,
                    )
@@ -319,6 +326,15 @@ private fun Group(title: String, content: @Composable ColumnScope.() -> Unit) {
    }
 }

+/**
+ * Whether this device is actually forwarded to the host — the same rule the stream's [GamepadRouter]
+ * applies: a real, non-virtual controller whose source classes include GAMEPAD. A joystick-only node
+ * (e.g. a DualSense motion-sensor sibling, or an adapter that enumerates as bare joystick) shows in
+ * the list but isn't forwarded.
+ */
+private fun isForwarded(dev: InputDevice): Boolean =
+    !dev.isVirtual && dev.sources and InputDevice.SOURCE_GAMEPAD == InputDevice.SOURCE_GAMEPAD
+
 /** Whether the controller reports a rumble motor — via VibratorManager (API 31+) or the legacy Vibrator. */
 private fun deviceHasVibrator(dev: InputDevice): Boolean =
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 31) {
@@ -241,7 +241,10 @@ private fun resolveDir(s: NavInputState): NavDir? {
    if (s.hatY >= 0.5f) return NavDir.DOWN
    if (s.hatX <= -0.5f) return NavDir.LEFT
    if (s.hatX >= 0.5f) return NavDir.RIGHT
-    return if (abs(s.stickY) >= abs(s.stickX)) {
+    // Horizontal wins an exact |x| == |y| diagonal tie (Y must be strictly greater to take the
+    // vertical branch), matching the SDL core and Apple nav so a perfect 45° push resolves the
+    // same on every client.
+    return if (abs(s.stickY) > abs(s.stickX)) {
        when {
            s.stickY <= -STICK_HIGH -> NavDir.UP
            s.stickY >= STICK_HIGH -> NavDir.DOWN
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
 import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
 import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
 import io.unom.punktfunk.kit.Gamepad
+import io.unom.punktfunk.kit.GamepadRouter
 import io.unom.punktfunk.kit.Keymap
 import io.unom.punktfunk.kit.NativeBridge

@@ -27,8 +28,12 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
     */
    var streamHandle: Long = 0L

-    /** Joystick-axis state mapper for the active session (built/reset by StreamScreen). */
-    var axisMapper: Gamepad.AxisMapper? = null
+    /**
+     * Multi-controller router for the active session (built/released by StreamScreen): assigns each
+     * connected pad a stable wire index, threads it onto every event, declares/removes pads on
+     * hot-plug, and routes rumble/HID feedback back by pad index. Null while not streaming.
+     */
+    var gamepadRouter: GamepadRouter? = null

    /**
     * Input observers for the Controllers debug screen (set while it is shown, like [streamHandle]).
@@ -44,9 +49,6 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
     */
    var requestStreamExit: (() -> Unit)? = null

-    /** Currently-held forwarded pad buttons (bitmask of `Gamepad.BTN_*`), for chord detection. */
-    private var heldPadButtons = 0
-
    /**
     * Whether the last console input came from a real gamepad (face buttons / stick) vs. a TV D-pad
     * remote (which has no A/B/X/Y). The console UI reads this to show glyphs the user recognises — pad
@@ -125,23 +127,12 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
            if (event.isFromSource(InputDevice.SOURCE_GAMEPAD)) {
                val bit = Gamepad.buttonBit(event.keyCode)
                if (bit != 0) {
-                    when (event.action) {
-                        // repeatCount guard: don't re-send a held button as auto-repeat.
-                        KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN -> {
-                            if (event.repeatCount == 0) NativeBridge.nativeSendGamepadButton(handle, bit, true)
-                            heldPadButtons = heldPadButtons or bit
-                            // Emergency exit: Select + Start + L1 + R1 held together leaves the stream
-                            // (a couch user has no keyboard/Back). Fired once per full chord.
-                            if (heldPadButtons and STREAM_EXIT_CHORD == STREAM_EXIT_CHORD) {
-                                heldPadButtons = 0
-                                requestStreamExit?.let { exit -> window.decorView.post { exit() } }
-                            }
-                        }
-                        KeyEvent.ACTION_UP -> {
-                            NativeBridge.nativeSendGamepadButton(handle, bit, false)
-                            heldPadButtons = heldPadButtons and bit.inv()
-                        }
-                    }
+                    // The router forwards the bit on this device's own wire pad index and tracks held
+                    // state per pad. The emergency-exit chord (Select + Start + L1 + R1) is handled
+                    // inside the router: holding it for ~1.5 s fires router.onExitChord (wired in
+                    // StreamScreen), so a couch user with no keyboard/Back can still leave — but an
+                    // accidental brush of the four buttons no longer quits instantly.
+                    gamepadRouter?.onButton(event, bit)
                    return true // consumed
                }
            }
@@ -203,7 +194,7 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {

    override fun dispatchGenericMotionEvent(event: MotionEvent): Boolean {
        if (streamHandle != 0L) {
-            if (axisMapper?.onMotion(event) == true) return true
+            if (gamepadRouter?.onMotion(event) == true) return true
            return super.dispatchGenericMotionEvent(event)
        }
        // The Controllers debug screen sees pad motion before the stick→D-pad synthesis below.
@@ -248,9 +239,4 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
        -> true
        else -> KeyEvent.isGamepadButton(kc)
    }
-
-    private companion object {
-        /** Emergency stream-exit chord: Select + Start + L1 + R1 held together. */
-        val STREAM_EXIT_CHORD = Gamepad.BTN_BACK or Gamepad.BTN_START or Gamepad.BTN_LB or Gamepad.BTN_RB
-    }
 }
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
 import androidx.core.view.WindowCompat
 import androidx.core.view.WindowInsetsCompat
 import androidx.core.view.WindowInsetsControllerCompat
-import io.unom.punktfunk.kit.Gamepad
 import io.unom.punktfunk.kit.GamepadFeedback
+import io.unom.punktfunk.kit.GamepadRouter
 import io.unom.punktfunk.kit.NativeBridge
 import io.unom.punktfunk.kit.VideoDecoders
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean
@@ -174,18 +174,30 @@ fun StreamScreen(handle: Long, micEnabled: Boolean, onDisconnect: () -> Unit) {
        val priorOrientation = activity?.requestedOrientation
        activity?.requestedOrientation = ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_SENSOR_LANDSCAPE
        activity?.streamHandle = handle // route hardware keys to this session
-        activity?.axisMapper = Gamepad.AxisMapper(handle) // route joystick axes
+        // Multi-controller router: a stable wire pad index per connected controller, per-device axis
+        // state, Arrival/Remove on hot-plug, and feedback routed back by pad index. Forwards every
+        // controller (Automatic). Built here, released on dispose.
+        val router = GamepadRouter(context, handle, initialSettings.gamepad)
+        activity?.gamepadRouter = router
        // Select+Start+L1+R1 chord leaves the stream — a deliberate quit (signal it so the host skips
-        // the keep-alive linger), unlike a host-ended / backgrounded drop.
+        // the keep-alive linger), unlike a host-ended / backgrounded drop. The router debounces it
+        // (must be held ~1.5 s) and fires onExitChord on its main-thread timer, so leave the stream
+        // the same way the Back gesture does.
        activity?.requestStreamExit = { NativeBridge.nativeDisconnectQuit(handle); onDisconnect() }
+        router.onExitChord = { activity?.requestStreamExit?.invoke() }
        activity?.setConsoleHighRefreshRate(false) // let the decoder's setFrameRate pick the panel rate
-        // Host→client feedback (rumble + DualSense lightbar/LEDs); poll threads stopped before close.
-        val feedback = GamepadFeedback(handle).also { it.start() }
+        // Host→client feedback (rumble + DualSense lightbar/LEDs), routed to each controller by pad
+        // index via the router; poll threads stopped + joined before the router is released and the
+        // session closed.
+        val feedback = GamepadFeedback(handle, router).also { it.start() }
+        // Free a disconnected controller's rumble/lights bindings promptly (else the open lights
+        // session leaks until the session ends). The router owns hot-plug; the feedback owns the binds.
+        router.onSlotClosed = feedback::onDeviceRemoved
        onDispose {
            closed.set(true) // from here the handle gets freed; surfaceDestroyed must not touch it
-            feedback.stop() // stop + join the poll threads BEFORE nativeClose frees the handle
-            activity?.axisMapper?.reset() // release-all so nothing sticks on the host
-            activity?.axisMapper = null
+            feedback.stop() // stop + join the poll threads BEFORE the router is released / handle freed
+            router.release() // flush every slot (nothing sticks host-side) + drop the hot-plug listener
+            activity?.gamepadRouter = null
            activity?.streamHandle = 0L
            activity?.requestStreamExit = null
            activity?.setConsoleHighRefreshRate(true) // back to the console UI's max refresh
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
 * [isOnline]/[onOnline] callbacks all run on the main thread; only the blocking send is off-loaded.
 */
 class WakeController(private val scope: CoroutineScope) {
-    /** null = idle; non-null drives [WakeOverlay]. */
+    /** null = idle; non-null drives the "Waking…" phase of [ConnectOverlay]. */
    data class Waking(
        val hostName: String,
        /** Whether coming online chains into a connect (Wake & Connect) vs. just stopping. */
@@ -1,124 +0,0 @@
-package io.unom.punktfunk
-
-import androidx.activity.compose.BackHandler
-import androidx.compose.foundation.background
-import androidx.compose.foundation.border
-import androidx.compose.foundation.clickable
-import androidx.compose.foundation.interaction.MutableInteractionSource
-import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Arrangement
-import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Box
-import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Column
-import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Row
-import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxSize
-import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.padding
-import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.size
-import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.widthIn
-import androidx.compose.foundation.shape.RoundedCornerShape
-import androidx.compose.material.icons.Icons
-import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.Bedtime
-import androidx.compose.material3.Button
-import androidx.compose.material3.CircularProgressIndicator
-import androidx.compose.material3.Icon
-import androidx.compose.material3.OutlinedButton
-import androidx.compose.material3.Text
-import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
-import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
-import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
-import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
-import androidx.compose.ui.draw.clip
-import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.Color
-import androidx.compose.ui.text.font.FontFamily
-import androidx.compose.ui.text.font.FontWeight
-import androidx.compose.ui.text.style.TextAlign
-import androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp
-import androidx.compose.ui.unit.sp
-
-/**
- * The "Waking <host>…" modal shown while [WakeController] brings a sleeping host back — a spinner + a
- * live elapsed counter, escalating to a retry/cancel prompt on timeout. The Android mirror of the
- * Apple client's `WakeOverlay`. Rendered over BOTH the touch grid and the console home; it swallows
- * input to the screen behind it, and in console mode the pad drives it (B cancels, A retries once
- * timed out) while the touch buttons work for a pointer.
- */
-@Composable
-fun WakeOverlay(waker: WakeController, gamepadUi: Boolean) {
-    val w = waker.waking ?: return
-
-    BackHandler { waker.cancel() } // system Back / pad B (remapped) cancels the wait
-    if (gamepadUi) {
-        // A retries once timed out; B falls through to the BackHandler above.
-        GamepadNavEffect2D(
-            active = true,
-            onDirection = {},
-            onActivate = { if (w.timedOut) waker.retry() },
-        )
-    }
-
-    Box(
-        Modifier
-            .fillMaxSize()
-            .background(Color.Black.copy(alpha = 0.6f))
-            // Swallow taps so the home behind can't be touched while waking.
-            .clickable(interactionSource = remember { MutableInteractionSource() }, indication = null) {},
-        contentAlignment = Alignment.Center,
-    ) {
-        Column(
-            Modifier
-                .padding(40.dp)
-                .widthIn(max = 380.dp)
-                .clip(RoundedCornerShape(22.dp))
-                .background(Color(0xF01A1730))
-                .border(1.dp, Color.White.copy(alpha = 0.12f), RoundedCornerShape(22.dp))
-                .padding(28.dp),
-            horizontalAlignment = Alignment.CenterHorizontally,
-            verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(14.dp),
-        ) {
-            if (w.timedOut) {
-                Icon(
-                    Icons.Filled.Bedtime,
-                    contentDescription = null,
-                    tint = Color.White.copy(alpha = 0.85f),
-                    modifier = Modifier.size(34.dp),
-                )
-                Text(
-                    "${w.hostName} didn't wake",
-                    color = Color.White,
-                    fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold,
-                    fontSize = 19.sp,
-                    textAlign = TextAlign.Center,
-                )
-                Text(
-                    "It may still be booting, or it's powered off / off this network.",
-                    color = Color.White.copy(alpha = 0.6f),
-                    fontSize = 13.sp,
-                    textAlign = TextAlign.Center,
-                )
-                Row(
-                    horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(12.dp),
-                    modifier = Modifier.padding(top = 6.dp),
-                ) {
-                    OutlinedButton(onClick = { waker.cancel() }) { Text("Cancel") }
-                    Button(onClick = { waker.retry() }) { Text("Try Again") }
-                }
-            } else {
-                CircularProgressIndicator(color = Color.White)
-                Text(
-                    "Waking ${w.hostName}…",
-                    color = Color.White,
-                    fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold,
-                    fontSize = 19.sp,
-                    textAlign = TextAlign.Center,
-                )
-                Text(
-                    "Waiting for it to come online · ${w.seconds}s",
-                    color = Color.White.copy(alpha = 0.6f),
-                    fontSize = 13.sp,
-                    fontFamily = FontFamily.Monospace,
-                )
-                OutlinedButton(onClick = { waker.cancel() }, modifier = Modifier.padding(top = 6.dp)) {
-                    Text(if (w.connectsAfter) "Cancel" else "Stop Waiting")
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
@@ -68,6 +68,29 @@ class ScreenshotTest {
    @Config(sdk = [36], qualifiers = "w800dp-h360dp-xxhdpi")
    fun streamNormal() = shootRoot("stream-normal") { StreamScene(io.unom.punktfunk.StatsVerbosity.NORMAL) }

+    // The touch flow is a Material dialog over the host grid (a separate window → shootScreen).
+    @Test
+    fun connecting() = shootScreen("connecting") {
+        HostsScene()
+        ConnectingScene()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun waking() = shootScreen("waking") {
+        HostsScene()
+        WakingScene()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun wakeTimedOut() = shootScreen("wake-timed-out") {
+        HostsScene()
+        WakeTimedOutScene()
+    }
+
+    // The console flow is the full-screen aurora takeover (a root capture).
+    @Test
+    fun connectingConsole() = shootRoot("connecting-console") { ConnectConsoleScene() }
+
    @Test
    fun trust() = shootScreen("trust") {
        HostsScene()
@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@ import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.Color
 import androidx.compose.ui.text.style.TextAlign
 import androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp
 import io.unom.punktfunk.BrandDark
+import io.unom.punktfunk.ConnectModal
+import io.unom.punktfunk.ConnectPhase
+import io.unom.punktfunk.ConnectTakeover
 import io.unom.punktfunk.Settings
 import io.unom.punktfunk.TouchMode
 import io.unom.punktfunk.SettingsScreen
@@ -215,3 +218,31 @@ internal fun StreamScene(verbosity: StatsVerbosity = StatsVerbosity.DETAILED) {
        )
    }
 }
+
+/**
+ * The default-UI connect flow (the real [ConnectModal]) in each phase — instant "Connecting…"
+ * feedback, the "Waking…" wait, and the wake-timed-out prompt. These render as a Material dialog over
+ * the host grid, so the test composes [HostsScene] behind them and captures the whole screen.
+ */
+@Composable
+internal fun ConnectingScene() =
+    ConnectModal(ConnectPhase.Connecting("Living Room PC"), onCancel = {}, onRetry = {})
+
+@Composable
+internal fun WakingScene() =
+    ConnectModal(
+        ConnectPhase.Waking("Living Room PC", seconds = 12, connectsAfter = true),
+        onCancel = {}, onRetry = {},
+    )
+
+@Composable
+internal fun WakeTimedOutScene() =
+    ConnectModal(ConnectPhase.WakeTimedOut("Living Room PC"), onCancel = {}, onRetry = {})
+
+/**
+ * The console / gamepad connect flow (the real full-screen [ConnectTakeover]) — the aurora backdrop
+ * with a bottom hint bar, the same signature look the console home uses.
+ */
+@Composable
+internal fun ConnectConsoleScene() =
+    ConnectTakeover(ConnectPhase.Connecting("Living Room PC"), onCancel = {}, onRetry = {})
@@ -91,9 +91,12 @@ fun registerCargoNdk(taskName: String, release: Boolean) =
        val cmd = mutableListOf(
            "$cargoBin/cargo", "ndk",
            "-t", "arm64-v8a", "-t", "armeabi-v7a", "-t", "x86_64",
-            // Link against the minSdk-28 sysroot: libaaudio (API 26) is present, and building at the
-            // floor makes the linker reject any accidental >28 hard import (the one API-30 call we
-            // make, ANativeWindow_setFrameRate, is dlsym-resolved — see decode::try_set_frame_rate).
+            // Link against the minSdk-28 sysroot (libaaudio, API 26, is present). NOTE: this does
+            // NOT reject an accidental >28 hard import — a cdylib link permits undefined symbols,
+            // which then fail at System.loadLibrary on every device below the symbol's API level
+            // (the 0.9.0 Android-≤12 regression). The checkJniImports* task after this build is
+            // what actually enforces the floor; >28 entry points must be dlsym-resolved (see
+            // decode::try_set_frame_rate, decode::install_render_callback, adpf).
            "--platform", "28",
            "-o", file("src/main/jniLibs").absolutePath,
            "build", "-p", "punktfunk-client-android",
@@ -102,8 +105,28 @@ fun registerCargoNdk(taskName: String, release: Boolean) =
        commandLine(cmd)
    }

+// Post-link floor check: every undefined symbol in the built .so must exist in the API-28 stubs,
+// else System.loadLibrary fails on devices at the minSdk floor (see the script header for the
+// 0.9.0 incident this guards against). Runs right after its cargo-ndk task; the APK build depends
+// on this task (not the cargo one directly), so a violation fails the build, local and CI alike.
+fun registerCheckJniImports(taskName: String, cargoTask: TaskProvider<Exec>) =
+    tasks.register<Exec>(taskName) {
+        group = "rust"
+        description = "verify libpunktfunk_android.so imports stay within the API-28 floor"
+        dependsOn(cargoTask)
+        workingDir = repoRoot
+        commandLine(
+            "sh", File(repoRoot, "scripts/ci/check-android-jni-imports.sh").absolutePath,
+            "${androidSdkDir()}/ndk/$ndkVer",
+            file("src/main/jniLibs").absolutePath,
+            "28",
+        )
+    }
+
 val cargoNdkDebug = registerCargoNdk("cargoNdkDebug", release = false)
 val cargoNdkRelease = registerCargoNdk("cargoNdkRelease", release = true)
+val checkJniImportsDebug = registerCheckJniImports("checkJniImportsDebug", cargoNdkDebug)
+val checkJniImportsRelease = registerCheckJniImports("checkJniImportsRelease", cargoNdkRelease)

 afterEvaluate {
    // `-PskipRustBuild` skips the cargo-ndk native build — for JVM-only tasks (the Roborazzi
@@ -120,8 +143,9 @@ afterEvaluate {
    // debug build); only the cargo profile changes. `-PrustDebug` restores a debug-profile native
    // build for the rare session that actually steps through Rust.
    if (!project.hasProperty("skipRustBuild")) {
-        val debugRust = if (project.hasProperty("rustDebug")) cargoNdkDebug else cargoNdkRelease
+        val debugRust =
+            if (project.hasProperty("rustDebug")) checkJniImportsDebug else checkJniImportsRelease
        tasks.named("preDebugBuild").configure { dependsOn(debugRust) }
-        tasks.named("preReleaseBuild").configure { dependsOn(cargoNdkRelease) }
+        tasks.named("preReleaseBuild").configure { dependsOn(checkJniImportsRelease) }
    }
 }
@@ -171,49 +171,87 @@ object Gamepad {
    }

    /**
-     * Maps joystick MotionEvents to axis (+ HAT→dpad) sends for one session, **on change only**.
-     * Holds the previous axis/hat state so an unchanged frame emits nothing. One instance per
-     * session; call [reset] on release-all (focus loss / disconnect / session stop) so nothing
-     * sticks on the host (which has no client-side held-state knowledge).
+     * Maps one controller's joystick MotionEvents to axis (+ HAT→dpad) sends on wire pad index [pad],
+     * **on change only**. Holds the previous axis/hat state so an unchanged frame emits nothing. One
+     * instance per forwarded controller (owned by [GamepadRouter], which routes each device's events
+     * to its own mapper so a second pad can't clobber the first); call [reset] on that slot closing
+     * (disconnect / session stop) so nothing sticks on the host (which has no client-side held-state
+     * knowledge).
+     *
+     * The router only ever feeds this a qualifying event from the mapper's own device — a real
+     * gamepad (its source classes include GAMEPAD), never a controller's joystick-classified sibling
+     * node (DualSense/DS4 motion sensors), which reports every pad axis as 0. [onMotion] therefore
+     * folds the event straight in without re-qualifying it.
     */
-    class AxisMapper(private val handle: Long) {
+    class AxisMapper(private val handle: Long, private val pad: Int) {
        // Sentinel so the first real value (incl. 0) always sends once after attach (Linux parity).
        private val last = IntArray(6) { Int.MIN_VALUE }
        private var hatX = 0 // -1 / 0 / +1
        private var hatY = 0

-        /** Returns true if this was a joystick ACTION_MOVE we consumed. */
-        fun onMotion(event: MotionEvent): Boolean {
-            if (!event.isFromSource(InputDevice.SOURCE_JOYSTICK)) return false
-            if (event.actionMasked != MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE) return false
-
+        /** Fold one joystick ACTION_MOVE from this mapper's controller onto its pad index. */
+        fun onMotion(event: MotionEvent) {
            // Sticks: Android floats −1..1, +y = down → ±32767, negate Y for the wire's +y = up.
            sendAxis(AXIS_LS_X, stick(event.getAxisValue(MotionEvent.AXIS_X)))
            sendAxis(AXIS_LS_Y, stick(-event.getAxisValue(MotionEvent.AXIS_Y)))
            sendAxis(AXIS_RS_X, stick(event.getAxisValue(MotionEvent.AXIS_Z)))
            sendAxis(AXIS_RS_Y, stick(-event.getAxisValue(MotionEvent.AXIS_RZ)))

-            // Triggers: LTRIGGER/RTRIGGER if present, else BRAKE/GAS; 0..1 float → 0..255.
-            sendAxis(AXIS_LT, trigger(firstNonZero(event, MotionEvent.AXIS_LTRIGGER, MotionEvent.AXIS_BRAKE)))
-            sendAxis(AXIS_RT, trigger(firstNonZero(event, MotionEvent.AXIS_RTRIGGER, MotionEvent.AXIS_GAS)))
+            // Triggers: pads report LTRIGGER/RTRIGGER or BRAKE/GAS (some mirror both) — merge
+            // with max, the same fold as the Controllers screen probe, so a pad that reports
+            // only one pair and a pad that reports both behave identically; 0..1 → 0..255.
+            sendAxis(
+                AXIS_LT,
+                trigger(
+                    maxOf(
+                        event.getAxisValue(MotionEvent.AXIS_LTRIGGER),
+                        event.getAxisValue(MotionEvent.AXIS_BRAKE),
+                    ),
+                ),
+            )
+            sendAxis(
+                AXIS_RT,
+                trigger(
+                    maxOf(
+                        event.getAxisValue(MotionEvent.AXIS_RTRIGGER),
+                        event.getAxisValue(MotionEvent.AXIS_GAS),
+                    ),
+                ),
+            )

-            // HAT → dpad button transitions (track previous, emit only the deltas).
-            val hx = sign(event.getAxisValue(MotionEvent.AXIS_HAT_X))
+            // HAT → dpad button transitions. Android BATCHES joystick ACTION_MOVEs, so a rapid d-pad
+            // tap (press+release inside one batch window) lives only in the historical samples — the
+            // final getAxisValue would show the HAT already back at rest and miss the tap entirely.
+            // Feed every historical HAT sample (oldest→newest) through the same transition logic
+            // before the current one, so each edge is emitted. (Sticks/triggers stay latest-wins:
+            // only the final value matters for an analog axis.)
+            for (h in 0 until event.historySize) {
+                applyHat(
+                    sign(event.getHistoricalAxisValue(MotionEvent.AXIS_HAT_X, h)),
+                    sign(event.getHistoricalAxisValue(MotionEvent.AXIS_HAT_Y, h)),
+                )
+            }
+            applyHat(
+                sign(event.getAxisValue(MotionEvent.AXIS_HAT_X)),
+                sign(event.getAxisValue(MotionEvent.AXIS_HAT_Y)),
+            )
+        }
+
+        /** Emit dpad button deltas for one HAT sample (`hx`/`hy` each −1/0/+1), tracking held state. */
+        private fun applyHat(hx: Int, hy: Int) {
            if (hx != hatX) {
                if (hatX < 0) btn(BTN_DPAD_LEFT, false) else if (hatX > 0) btn(BTN_DPAD_RIGHT, false)
                if (hx < 0) btn(BTN_DPAD_LEFT, true) else if (hx > 0) btn(BTN_DPAD_RIGHT, true)
                hatX = hx
            }
-            val hy = sign(event.getAxisValue(MotionEvent.AXIS_HAT_Y))
            if (hy != hatY) {
                if (hatY < 0) btn(BTN_DPAD_UP, false) else if (hatY > 0) btn(BTN_DPAD_DOWN, false)
                if (hy < 0) btn(BTN_DPAD_UP, true) else if (hy > 0) btn(BTN_DPAD_DOWN, true)
                hatY = hy
            }
-            return true
        }

-        /** Release-all: zero every axis and clear the held dpad. */
+        /** Release-all: zero every axis and clear the held dpad (all on this mapper's pad index). */
        fun reset() {
            for (id in 0..5) sendAxis(id, 0)
            if (hatX < 0) btn(BTN_DPAD_LEFT, false) else if (hatX > 0) btn(BTN_DPAD_RIGHT, false)
@@ -225,10 +263,10 @@ object Gamepad {
        private fun sendAxis(id: Int, v: Int) {
            if (last[id] == v) return
            last[id] = v
-            NativeBridge.nativeSendGamepadAxis(handle, id, v)
+            NativeBridge.nativeSendGamepadAxis(handle, id, v, pad)
        }

-        private fun btn(bit: Int, down: Boolean) = NativeBridge.nativeSendGamepadButton(handle, bit, down)
+        private fun btn(bit: Int, down: Boolean) = NativeBridge.nativeSendGamepadButton(handle, bit, down, pad)

        // −1..1 float → ±32767 i16 (matches the Apple client's 32767 scale).
        private fun stick(v: Float): Int = (v.coerceIn(-1f, 1f) * 32767f).toInt()
@@ -237,10 +275,5 @@ object Gamepad {
        private fun trigger(v: Float): Int = (v.coerceIn(0f, 1f) * 255f).toInt()

        private fun sign(v: Float): Int = if (v < -0.5f) -1 else if (v > 0.5f) 1 else 0
-
-        private fun firstNonZero(e: MotionEvent, a: Int, b: Int): Float {
-            val va = e.getAxisValue(a)
-            return if (va != 0f) va else e.getAxisValue(b)
-        }
    }
 }
@@ -15,58 +15,88 @@ import android.view.InputDevice
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer

 /**
- * Host→client gamepad feedback for one session (single-pad model — pad 0 only). Two daemon poll
- * threads drain the blocking native pulls and render in Kotlin: rumble → the controller's
- * `VibratorManager` (API 31+) or its single legacy `Vibrator` on API 28–30; HID-output → lightbar /
- * player-LED via `LightsManager` (API 33+); adaptive
- * triggers are parse-validated and logged (Android has no public adaptive-trigger API).
+ * Host→client gamepad feedback for one session, routed per controller by wire pad index. Two daemon
+ * poll threads drain the blocking native pulls and render in Kotlin: rumble → the addressed
+ * controller's `VibratorManager` (API 31+) or its single legacy `Vibrator` on API 28–30; HID-output
+ * → that controller's lightbar / player-LED via `LightsManager` (API 33+); adaptive triggers are
+ * parse-validated and logged (Android has no public adaptive-trigger API).
+ *
+ * Each pull carries the wire pad index it is addressed to; [GamepadRouter.deviceForPad] resolves it
+ * to the physical controller currently holding that index — so a rumble the host aimed at pad 1
+ * drives pad 1's motors, and an update for an index with no live controller (a pad that just
+ * unplugged) is dropped. Per-controller rumble/light bindings are built lazily and cached by device
+ * id (bounded — at most 16 pads).
 *
 * Mirrors `nativeStartAudio`'s lifecycle: [start]/[stop] driven by the StreamScreen. [stop] flips a
 * flag; the ~100 ms native pull timeout lets the threads exit, then they're joined (bounded) — and
- * this MUST run before `nativeClose` frees the session handle.
+ * this MUST run before the router is released and `nativeClose` frees the session handle.
 *
- * The active pad is resolved from the connected input devices (first gamepad/joystick). With none
- * connected (emulator) rumble/lights become logged no-ops — exactly the verification path; the
- * `Log.i` receipt lines fire regardless of rendering hardware.
+ * With no controller connected (emulator) rumble/lights become logged no-ops — exactly the
+ * verification path; the `Log.i` receipt lines fire regardless of rendering hardware.
 */
-class GamepadFeedback(private val handle: Long) {
+class GamepadFeedback(private val handle: Long, private val router: GamepadRouter?) {
    private companion object {
        const val TAG = "pf.feedback"
        const val TAG_LED: Byte = 0x01
        const val TAG_PLAYER_LEDS: Byte = 0x02
        const val TAG_TRIGGER: Byte = 0x03
+        // Fallback one-shot duration against a legacy host (no v2 TTL lease): the prior fixed value.
+        // A new host renews far below this, so it never actually holds this long there.
+        const val LEGACY_RUMBLE_MS = 60_000L
    }

+    /** One controller's rumble binding — VibratorManager (API 31+) OR the legacy single Vibrator (API 28–30). */
+    private class RumbleBind(
+        val vm: VibratorManager?,
+        val legacy: Vibrator?,
+        val ids: IntArray,
+        val amplitudeControlled: Boolean,
+    )
+
+    /** One controller's lights binding (API 33+): its open session + the RGB / player-id lights it exposes. */
+    private class LightBind(
+        val session: LightsManager.LightsSession,
+        val rgb: Light?,
+        val player: Light?,
+    )
+
    @Volatile private var running = false
    private var rumbleThread: Thread? = null
    private var hidoutThread: Thread? = null

-    private var vm: VibratorManager? = null
-    // API 28–30 fallback: the controller's single legacy Vibrator (no per-motor VibratorManager
-    // until API 31). Exactly one of [vm] / [legacy] is bound; rumble degrades to one blended motor.
-    private var legacy: Vibrator? = null
-    private var vibratorIds: IntArray = IntArray(0)
-    private var amplitudeControlled = false
-
-    private var lightsSession: LightsManager.LightsSession? = null
-    private var rgbLight: Light? = null
-    private var playerLight: Light? = null
+    // Per-controller bindings, keyed by device id, built lazily. rumbleBinds is written by the rumble
+    // thread and lightBinds by the hidout thread while running; [onDeviceRemoved] also evicts+closes
+    // from the MAIN thread on a hot-unplug, and stop() clears both from the main thread after joining
+    // the threads. That main-vs-poll concurrency is why every access goes through `bindsLock` (a plain
+    // HashMap can corrupt under a concurrent structural write, and ConcurrentHashMap can't hold the
+    // null value that caches "this controller has no vibrator / no controllable lights"). The lock
+    // guards only the map ops — rendering runs on the returned reference outside it; a stale reference
+    // is harmless (a closed LightsSession's requestLights and a cancelled Vibrator are runCatching'd
+    // no-ops). A null value caches the negative result so a pad with no hardware isn't re-probed.
+    private val bindsLock = Any()
+    private val rumbleBinds = HashMap<Int, RumbleBind?>()
+    private val lightBinds = HashMap<Int, LightBind?>()

    fun start() {
-        val dev = resolvePad()
-        bindRumble(dev)
-        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33) {
-            bindLights(dev)
-        } else {
-            Log.i(TAG, "lights need API 33 (have ${Build.VERSION.SDK_INT}) — lightbar/playerLed no-op")
-        }
-
        running = true
        rumbleThread = Thread({
            while (running) {
                val ev = NativeBridge.nativeNextRumble(handle)
                if (ev < 0L) continue // timeout / closed
-                renderRumble(((ev ushr 16) and 0xFFFF).toInt(), (ev and 0xFFFF).toInt())
+                // ev bits 49..52 = wire pad index; bit 48 = has a v2 lease; bits 32..47 = ttl_ms;
+                // 16..31 = low; 0..15 = high. The lease flag is out-of-band, so any ttl_ms (incl.
+                // 0xFFFF) is a real lease — no in-band sentinel. No lease (legacy host) → the prior
+                // long one-shot.
+                val pad = ((ev ushr 49) and 0xFL).toInt()
+                val hasLease = ((ev ushr 48) and 0x1L) == 0x1L
+                val ttl = ((ev ushr 32) and 0xFFFF).toInt()
+                val durationMs = if (hasLease) ttl.toLong() else LEGACY_RUMBLE_MS
+                renderRumble(
+                    pad,
+                    ((ev ushr 16) and 0xFFFF).toInt(),
+                    (ev and 0xFFFF).toInt(),
+                    durationMs,
+                )
            }
        }, "pf-rumble").apply { isDaemon = true; start() }

@@ -80,102 +110,139 @@ class GamepadFeedback(private val handle: Long) {
        }, "pf-hidout").apply { isDaemon = true; start() }
    }

-    /** Idempotent. Stops + joins the poll threads (must complete before the session handle is freed). */
+    /** Idempotent. Stops + joins the poll threads (must complete before the router is released / handle freed). */
    fun stop() {
        running = false
        rumbleThread?.interrupt()
        hidoutThread?.interrupt()
-        runCatching { vm?.cancel() } // drop any held rumble immediately
-        runCatching { legacy?.cancel() }
        // Join WITHOUT a timeout. These poll threads dereference the native session handle on every
-        // pull (nativeNextRumble/nativeNextHidout), so they MUST be dead before StreamScreen's
-        // onDispose reaches nativeClose, which frees that handle. A *bounded* join that times out
-        // would let a thread survive into the freed handle → use-after-free SIGSEGV (the
-        // back-while-streaming crash, on the one path the main-thread `closed` guard can't cover).
-        // Safe to block unbounded: the native pulls are internally time-bounded (PULL_TIMEOUT ~100 ms)
-        // and rendering is a quick best-effort binder call, so each thread observes running=false and
-        // exits within ~one timeout — the join returns promptly (well under any ANR threshold).
+        // pull (nativeNextRumble/nativeNextHidout) and read the router, so they MUST be dead before
+        // StreamScreen's onDispose reaches router.release() / nativeClose, which free that state. A
+        // *bounded* join that times out would let a thread survive into the freed handle → use-after-
+        // free SIGSEGV (the back-while-streaming crash, on the one path the main-thread `closed` guard
+        // can't cover). Safe to block unbounded: the native pulls are internally time-bounded
+        // (PULL_TIMEOUT ~100 ms) and rendering is a quick best-effort binder call, so each thread
+        // observes running=false and exits within ~one timeout — the join returns promptly.
        runCatching { rumbleThread?.join() }
        runCatching { hidoutThread?.join() }
        rumbleThread = null
        hidoutThread = null
-        runCatching { lightsSession?.close() }
-        lightsSession = null
-        rgbLight = null
-        playerLight = null
-        vm = null
-        legacy = null
-        vibratorIds = IntArray(0)
+        // Threads are dead — drop any held rumble and close every lights session.
+        synchronized(bindsLock) {
+            for (b in rumbleBinds.values) b?.let {
+                runCatching { it.vm?.cancel() }
+                runCatching { it.legacy?.cancel() }
+            }
+            for (b in lightBinds.values) b?.let { runCatching { it.session.close() } }
+            rumbleBinds.clear()
+            lightBinds.clear()
+        }
    }

-    /** First connected gamepad/joystick InputDevice, or null (→ logged no-op on the emulator). */
-    private fun resolvePad(): InputDevice? = Gamepad.firstPad()
+    /**
+     * Evict and release the bindings for a controller that just disconnected — invoked from
+     * [GamepadRouter]'s slot-close on the main thread (routed via `StreamScreen`). Closes its
+     * `LightsSession` and cancels any held rumble, so a hot-unplug mid-session frees the session
+     * immediately instead of leaking it until [stop]. A no-op for a device with no cached binding.
+     * The next feedback for that pad index rebinds against whatever controller now holds it.
+     */
+    // Same runtime-guarded cleanup as [stop] (VIBRATE is app-declared; the light bind only exists
+    // under the SDK 33 guard) — suppress the module-isolation lint false positives it re-triggers.
+    @Suppress("MissingPermission", "NewApi")
+    fun onDeviceRemoved(deviceId: Int) {
+        synchronized(bindsLock) {
+            rumbleBinds.remove(deviceId)?.let {
+                runCatching { it.vm?.cancel() }
+                runCatching { it.legacy?.cancel() }
+            }
+            lightBinds.remove(deviceId)?.let { runCatching { it.session.close() } }
+        }
+    }

    // ---- Rumble ----

-    private fun bindRumble(dev: InputDevice?) {
-        if (dev == null) {
-            Log.i(TAG, "rumble: no controller connected — rumble no-op (emulator path)")
-            return
+    /** The rumble binding for the controller on wire pad [pad], or null (no live pad / no vibrator). Cached by device id. */
+    private fun rumbleBindFor(pad: Int): RumbleBind? {
+        val dev = router?.deviceForPad(pad) ?: return null
+        synchronized(bindsLock) {
+            if (rumbleBinds.containsKey(dev.id)) return rumbleBinds[dev.id]
+            val bind = bindRumble(dev)
+            rumbleBinds[dev.id] = bind
+            return bind
        }
+    }
+
+    private fun bindRumble(dev: InputDevice): RumbleBind? {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 31) {
            val m = dev.vibratorManager
            val ids = m.vibratorIds
            if (ids.isEmpty()) {
                Log.i(TAG, "rumble: controller '${dev.name}' has no vibrators — rumble no-op")
-                return
+                return null
            }
-            vm = m
-            vibratorIds = ids
-            amplitudeControlled = ids.all { m.getVibrator(it).hasAmplitudeControl() }
-            Log.i(TAG, "rumble: bound ${ids.size} vibrators amplitudeControl=$amplitudeControlled")
-        } else {
-            // API 28–30: no VibratorManager — fall back to the controller's single legacy Vibrator.
-            @Suppress("DEPRECATION")
-            val v = dev.vibrator
-            if (!v.hasVibrator()) {
-                Log.i(TAG, "rumble: controller '${dev.name}' has no vibrator — rumble no-op")
-                return
-            }
-            legacy = v
-            amplitudeControlled = v.hasAmplitudeControl()
-            Log.i(TAG, "rumble: bound legacy vibrator amplitudeControl=$amplitudeControlled")
+            val amp = ids.all { m.getVibrator(it).hasAmplitudeControl() }
+            Log.i(TAG, "rumble: bound ${ids.size} vibrators for '${dev.name}' amplitudeControl=$amp")
+            return RumbleBind(m, null, ids, amp)
        }
+        // API 28–30: no VibratorManager — fall back to the controller's single legacy Vibrator.
+        @Suppress("DEPRECATION")
+        val v = dev.vibrator
+        if (!v.hasVibrator()) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "rumble: controller '${dev.name}' has no vibrator — rumble no-op")
+            return null
+        }
+        Log.i(TAG, "rumble: bound legacy vibrator for '${dev.name}' amplitudeControl=${v.hasAmplitudeControl()}")
+        return RumbleBind(null, v, IntArray(0), v.hasAmplitudeControl())
    }

-    /** low = heavy/left motor, high = light/right motor; both 0..0xFFFF (the host's u16 amplitudes). */
-    private fun renderRumble(low: Int, high: Int) {
-        Log.i(TAG, "rumble low=$low high=$high") // verification line — BEFORE any no-op return
+    /**
+     * low = heavy/left motor, high = light/right motor; both 0..0xFFFF (the host's u16 amplitudes),
+     * addressed to wire pad [pad]. `durationMs` is the host's v2 envelope TTL — the one-shot self-
+     * terminates after it unless the host renews, so a lost stop (or a dead host) silences at the
+     * lease instead of the old fixed 60 s. Against a legacy host it is [LEGACY_RUMBLE_MS].
+     */
+    private fun renderRumble(pad: Int, low: Int, high: Int, durationMs: Long) {
+        Log.i(TAG, "rumble pad=$pad low=$low high=$high ttlMs=$durationMs") // verification line — BEFORE any no-op return
+        val bind = rumbleBindFor(pad) ?: return
        val lo = toAmplitude(low)
        val hi = toAmplitude(high)
-        val m = vm
+        val m = bind.vm
        if (m != null) {
            if (lo == 0 && hi == 0) {
                m.cancel() // (0,0) = stop
                return
            }
            val combo = CombinedVibration.startParallel()
-            if (amplitudeControlled && vibratorIds.size >= 2) {
-                // ids[0] = light/right, ids[1] = heavy/left (XInput/Moonlight convention).
-                if (hi != 0) combo.addVibrator(vibratorIds[0], oneShot(hi))
-                if (lo != 0) combo.addVibrator(vibratorIds[1], oneShot(lo))
+            if (bind.amplitudeControlled && bind.ids.size >= 2) {
+                // Two-motor split — ASSUMPTION: ids[0] = light/right, ids[1] = heavy/left
+                // (XInput/Moonlight convention). Android does not guarantee the order of
+                // VibratorManager.getVibratorIds(), so a pad that enumerates heavy-first would
+                // invert the feel: the stronger amplitude drives the physically-lighter motor.
+                // Failure mode is tactile only — both motors still fire, nothing silences or
+                // crashes — so this stays the default pending per-pad on-glass verification (G20).
+                // ids beyond the first two (rare) are left alone here.
+                if (hi != 0) combo.addVibrator(bind.ids[0], oneShot(hi, durationMs))
+                if (lo != 0) combo.addVibrator(bind.ids[1], oneShot(lo, durationMs))
            } else {
                // Single motor or no amplitude control: blend both into one effect.
                val a = (lo * 0.8 + hi * 0.33).toInt().coerceIn(1, 255)
-                for (id in vibratorIds) combo.addVibrator(id, oneShot(a))
+                for (id in bind.ids) combo.addVibrator(id, oneShot(a, durationMs))
            }
            runCatching { m.vibrate(combo.combine()) }
            return
        }
        // API 28–30 legacy single-motor path: blend both motors into one effect.
-        val lv = legacy ?: return
+        val lv = bind.legacy ?: return
        if (lo == 0 && hi == 0) {
            lv.cancel() // (0,0) = stop
            return
        }
        val a = (lo * 0.8 + hi * 0.33).toInt().coerceIn(1, 255)
        runCatching {
-            lv.vibrate(if (amplitudeControlled) oneShot(a) else oneShot(VibrationEffect.DEFAULT_AMPLITUDE))
+            lv.vibrate(
+                if (bind.amplitudeControlled) oneShot(a, durationMs)
+                else oneShot(VibrationEffect.DEFAULT_AMPLITUDE, durationMs)
+            )
        }
    }

@@ -185,35 +252,42 @@ class GamepadFeedback(private val handle: Long) {
        return if (v16 != 0 && a == 0) 1 else a
    }

-    // Long one-shot held until the next packet (the host re-sends ~periodically); cancel on zero.
-    private fun oneShot(amp: Int): VibrationEffect = VibrationEffect.createOneShot(60_000L, amp)
+    // One-shot held for `durationMs` — the host's v2 TTL (renewed while the level holds), so it
+    // self-terminates on a lost stop; cancel on zero. Floor the duration at 1 ms: `createOneShot`
+    // throws IllegalArgumentException on a non-positive duration, and a lease can carry ttl_ms==0
+    // (e.g. the legacy-Deck ceiling) with a nonzero amplitude — which reaches here past the (0,0)
+    // stop guard. On the VibratorManager path the effect is built OUTSIDE the vibrate() runCatching,
+    // so an uncaught throw here would kill the whole rumble poll thread.
+    private fun oneShot(amp: Int, durationMs: Long): VibrationEffect =
+        VibrationEffect.createOneShot(durationMs.coerceAtLeast(1), amp)

    // ---- HID output ----

    private fun dispatchHidout(buf: ByteBuffer, n: Int) {
        buf.rewind()
+        val pad = buf.get().toInt() and 0xFF // wire pad index the event is addressed to
        when (buf.get()) { // kind tag
            TAG_LED -> {
                val r = buf.get().toInt() and 0xFF
                val g = buf.get().toInt() and 0xFF
                val b = buf.get().toInt() and 0xFF
-                Log.i(TAG, "hidout Led r=$r g=$g b=$b") // verification line
-                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33) setLightbar(Color.rgb(r, g, b))
+                Log.i(TAG, "hidout pad=$pad Led r=$r g=$g b=$b") // verification line
+                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33) setLightbar(pad, Color.rgb(r, g, b))
            }
            TAG_PLAYER_LEDS -> {
                val bits = buf.get().toInt() and 0x1F
                val player = playerIndexForBits(bits)
-                Log.i(TAG, "hidout PlayerLeds bits=$bits player=$player") // verification line
-                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33) setPlayerId(player)
+                Log.i(TAG, "hidout pad=$pad PlayerLeds bits=$bits player=$player") // verification line
+                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33) setPlayerId(pad, player)
            }
            TAG_TRIGGER -> {
                val which = buf.get().toInt() and 0xFF // 0 = L2, 1 = R2
-                val effLen = n - 2
+                val effLen = n - 3 // [pad][kind][which] header, then the effect block
                val mode = if (effLen > 0) buf.get().toInt() and 0xFF else 0
                // No public adaptive-trigger API on Android — parse-validate the mode + log only.
                Log.i(
                    TAG,
-                    "hidout Trigger which=$which effLen=$effLen mode=0x%02x (adaptive triggers unsupported on Android)".format(mode),
+                    "hidout pad=$pad Trigger which=$which effLen=$effLen mode=0x%02x (adaptive triggers unsupported on Android)".format(mode),
                )
            }
            else -> Log.d(TAG, "hidout: unknown kind, dropped")
@@ -230,37 +304,48 @@ class GamepadFeedback(private val handle: Long) {
        else -> Integer.bitCount(bits and 0x1F).coerceIn(1, 4)
    }

-    private fun bindLights(dev: InputDevice?) {
-        if (dev == null) {
-            Log.i(TAG, "lights: no controller connected — lightbar/playerLed no-op (emulator path)")
-            return
+    /** The lights binding for the controller on wire pad [pad], or null (no live pad / no lights / < API 33). Cached by device id. */
+    private fun lightBindFor(pad: Int): LightBind? {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 33) return null
+        val dev = router?.deviceForPad(pad) ?: return null
+        synchronized(bindsLock) {
+            if (lightBinds.containsKey(dev.id)) return lightBinds[dev.id]
+            val bind = bindLights(dev)
+            lightBinds[dev.id] = bind
+            return bind
        }
+    }
+
+    private fun bindLights(dev: InputDevice): LightBind? {
        val lm = dev.lightsManager
+        var rgb: Light? = null
+        var player: Light? = null
        for (l in lm.lights) {
-            if (rgbLight == null && l.hasRgbControl()) rgbLight = l
-            if (playerLight == null && l.type == Light.LIGHT_TYPE_PLAYER_ID) playerLight = l
+            if (rgb == null && l.hasRgbControl()) rgb = l
+            if (player == null && l.type == Light.LIGHT_TYPE_PLAYER_ID) player = l
        }
-        if (rgbLight == null && playerLight == null) {
+        if (rgb == null && player == null) {
            Log.i(TAG, "lights: controller '${dev.name}' exposes no controllable lights — no-op")
-            return
+            return null
        }
-        lightsSession = lm.openSession()
-        Log.i(TAG, "lights: bound rgb=${rgbLight != null} playerLed=${playerLight != null}")
+        val session = lm.openSession()
+        Log.i(TAG, "lights: bound rgb=${rgb != null} playerLed=${player != null} for '${dev.name}'")
+        return LightBind(session, rgb, player)
    }

-    private fun setLightbar(argb: Int) {
-        val s = lightsSession ?: return
-        val l = rgbLight ?: return
+    private fun setLightbar(pad: Int, argb: Int) {
+        val bind = lightBindFor(pad) ?: return
+        val l = bind.rgb ?: return
        runCatching {
-            s.requestLights(LightsRequest.Builder().addLight(l, LightState.Builder().setColor(argb).build()).build())
+            bind.session.requestLights(LightsRequest.Builder().addLight(l, LightState.Builder().setColor(argb).build()).build())
        }
    }

-    private fun setPlayerId(player: Int) {
-        val s = lightsSession ?: return
-        val l = playerLight ?: return
+    private fun setPlayerId(pad: Int, player: Int) {
+        val bind = lightBindFor(pad) ?: return
+        val l = bind.player ?: return
        runCatching {
-            s.requestLights(LightsRequest.Builder().addLight(l, LightState.Builder().setPlayerId(player).build()).build())
+            bind.session.requestLights(LightsRequest.Builder().addLight(l, LightState.Builder().setPlayerId(player).build()).build())
        }
    }
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+package io.unom.punktfunk.kit
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.hardware.input.InputManager
+import android.os.Handler
+import android.os.Looper
+import android.view.InputDevice
+import android.view.KeyEvent
+import android.view.MotionEvent
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap
+
+/**
+ * Multi-controller router for one stream session — the Android analogue of the Linux client's gamepad
+ * `Worker`/`Slot` model (`pf-client-core/src/gamepad.rs`) over the shared native-plane wire contract
+ * (`punktfunk-core/src/input.rs`). Each physical controller (Android `deviceId`) gets a STABLE
+ * lowest-free wire pad index (0..15) held for its lifetime and freed only on disconnect, so a pad
+ * dropping never renumbers the others (a game must not see its players shuffle). Every forwarded event
+ * carries that pad index; a [NativeBridge.nativeSendGamepadArrival] declaring the pad's type is sent
+ * once BEFORE its first input, a [NativeBridge.nativeSendGamepadRemove] on disconnect. Per-device axis
+ * state lives in each slot's [Gamepad.AxisMapper] so a second controller can't clobber the first.
+ * Feedback (rumble / HID) is routed BACK to the originating device by pad index via [deviceForPad].
+ *
+ * Selection: forward EVERY real controller (the Linux client's single-player pin has no Android UI
+ * surface yet — Automatic is the only mode). Lifetime matches the session: constructed on stream
+ * attach (opening a slot for every already-connected pad, so its Arrival lands before any input),
+ * released on detach.
+ *
+ * A single controller lands on wire index 0, so its per-transition button/axis wire is byte-identical
+ * to the old single-pad path (plus the Arrival/Remove declarations the contract requires — which an
+ * older host simply ignores).
+ *
+ * Threading: slot mutation + dispatch run on the main thread (Android input dispatch and the
+ * InputManager hot-plug callbacks both land there). [deviceForPad] is read from the feedback poll
+ * threads, so the slot table is a [ConcurrentHashMap].
+ */
+class GamepadRouter(context: Context, private val handle: Long, private val setting: Int) {
+
+    /** One forwarded controller: its stable wire pad index, per-device axis state, and held buttons. */
+    private class Slot(val index: Int, val mapper: Gamepad.AxisMapper) {
+        /** Forwarded button bits currently held (Gamepad.BTN_*) — for release-on-close + chord detection. */
+        var held = 0
+    }
+
+    /** deviceId → slot. Concurrent: the feedback poll threads read it via [deviceForPad]. */
+    private val slots = ConcurrentHashMap<Int, Slot>()
+
+    /**
+     * Invoked (main thread) with the deviceId whenever a slot closes — hot-unplug or session teardown.
+     * `StreamScreen` wires this to `GamepadFeedback.onDeviceRemoved` so a disconnected pad's rumble /
+     * lights bindings are released promptly instead of leaking until the feedback threads stop.
+     */
+    var onSlotClosed: ((deviceId: Int) -> Unit)? = null
+
+    /**
+     * Invoked (main thread) when the emergency-exit chord has been HELD for [EXIT_HOLD_MS] — the caller
+     * leaves the stream. `StreamScreen` wires this to the deliberate-quit exit.
+     */
+    var onExitChord: (() -> Unit)? = null
+
+    private val mainHandler = Handler(Looper.getMainLooper())
+    /** The pending exit-chord hold timer, or null when the chord isn't currently armed. */
+    private var pendingExit: Runnable? = null
+
+    private val inputManager = context.getSystemService(InputManager::class.java)
+    private val listener = object : InputManager.InputDeviceListener {
+        override fun onInputDeviceAdded(deviceId: Int) {
+            InputDevice.getDevice(deviceId)?.let { if (isForwardable(it)) openSlot(it) }
+        }
+
+        override fun onInputDeviceRemoved(deviceId: Int) = closeSlot(deviceId)
+        override fun onInputDeviceChanged(deviceId: Int) {}
+    }
+
+    init {
+        inputManager?.registerInputDeviceListener(listener, mainHandler)
+        // Open a slot for every controller already connected when the session starts — the pads that
+        // will never fire onInputDeviceAdded during this session; their Arrival lands before any input.
+        for (id in InputDevice.getDeviceIds()) {
+            InputDevice.getDevice(id)?.let { if (isForwardable(it)) openSlot(it) }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * One gamepad button transition for the device that produced [event] (already resolved to BTN_*
+     * bit [bit]). Opens the device's slot (declaring its type) if unseen, forwards the bit on the
+     * slot's pad index, and tracks held state. Completing the emergency stream-exit chord (Select +
+     * Start + L1 + R1) on any one pad ARMS a [EXIT_HOLD_MS] hold timer rather than leaving instantly;
+     * [onExitChord] fires only if the chord is still held at expiry (a brief accidental brush is
+     * ignored), matching `DISCONNECT_HOLD` on the SDL/Apple clients. Any controller can leave.
+     */
+    fun onButton(event: KeyEvent, bit: Int) {
+        val slot = slotFor(event.device) ?: return
+        when (event.action) {
+            KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN -> {
+                // repeatCount guard: don't re-send a held button as auto-repeat.
+                if (event.repeatCount == 0) NativeBridge.nativeSendGamepadButton(handle, bit, true, slot.index)
+                slot.held = slot.held or bit
+                // Full chord now held on this pad → start the hold countdown (idempotent while held).
+                if (slot.held and EXIT_CHORD == EXIT_CHORD) armExit()
+            }
+            KeyEvent.ACTION_UP -> {
+                NativeBridge.nativeSendGamepadButton(handle, bit, false, slot.index)
+                slot.held = slot.held and bit.inv()
+                // A chord button lifted before the hold elapsed → cancel, unless another pad still
+                // holds the full chord.
+                if (bit and EXIT_CHORD != 0 && slots.values.none { it.held and EXIT_CHORD == EXIT_CHORD }) {
+                    disarmExit()
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Arm the exit-chord hold timer (once); on expiry, if the chord is still held, flush + leave. */
+    private fun armExit() {
+        if (pendingExit != null) return // already counting down
+        val r = Runnable {
+            pendingExit = null
+            // Fire only if the chord survived the full hold on some pad.
+            val held = slots.values.filter { it.held and EXIT_CHORD == EXIT_CHORD }
+            if (held.isNotEmpty()) {
+                // Release the held buttons + zero the axes on every triggering pad so nothing sticks
+                // host-side once we leave, then signal the deliberate exit.
+                for (s in held) releaseHeld(s)
+                onExitChord?.invoke()
+            }
+        }
+        pendingExit = r
+        mainHandler.postDelayed(r, EXIT_HOLD_MS)
+    }
+
+    /** Cancel a pending exit-chord hold timer. */
+    private fun disarmExit() {
+        pendingExit?.let { mainHandler.removeCallbacks(it) }
+        pendingExit = null
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * One joystick MotionEvent — routed to the producing device's own [Gamepad.AxisMapper] (per-device
+     * state). Returns true if consumed. Only a real gamepad drives a pad: a DualSense/DS4 motion-sensor
+     * sibling node classifies as bare joystick (no GAMEPAD source class) and reports every pad axis as
+     * 0, so [isForwardable] filters it out before it can open a slot or clobber axes.
+     */
+    fun onMotion(event: MotionEvent): Boolean {
+        if (!event.isFromSource(InputDevice.SOURCE_JOYSTICK)) return false
+        if (event.actionMasked != MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE) return false
+        val dev = event.device ?: return false
+        if (!isForwardable(dev)) return false
+        val slot = slotFor(dev) ?: return false
+        slot.mapper.onMotion(event)
+        return true
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The controller currently mapped to wire pad [pad], for feedback routing; null if that index
+     * holds no live slot (a pad that just unplugged — the update is then dropped). Read from the
+     * feedback poll threads.
+     */
+    fun deviceForPad(pad: Int): InputDevice? {
+        for ((deviceId, slot) in slots) {
+            if (slot.index == pad) return InputDevice.getDevice(deviceId)
+        }
+        return null
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Flush + drop every slot and unregister the hot-plug listener. Call on session teardown, AFTER
+     * the feedback poll threads are joined (they read [deviceForPad]).
+     */
+    fun release() {
+        inputManager?.unregisterInputDeviceListener(listener)
+        disarmExit() // drop any pending exit-chord timer so it can't fire after teardown
+        // Snapshot the ids first — closeSlot mutates the map.
+        for (id in slots.keys.toList()) closeSlot(id)
+    }
+
+    // ---- slots ----
+
+    /** A real, non-virtual controller we forward — its source classes include GAMEPAD (excludes a pad's bare-joystick sensor node). */
+    private fun isForwardable(dev: InputDevice): Boolean =
+        !dev.isVirtual && dev.sources and InputDevice.SOURCE_GAMEPAD == InputDevice.SOURCE_GAMEPAD
+
+    /**
+     * The slot for [dev], opening one (and declaring the pad) if this device is unseen; null when [dev]
+     * isn't a forwardable controller or every wire index is taken. The [isForwardable] gate lives here —
+     * the single lazy-open chokepoint both [onButton] and [onMotion] funnel through — so no entry point
+     * can open a phantom slot for a virtual/non-gamepad source (the hot-plug listener and init loop
+     * pre-filter and call [openSlot] directly).
+     */
+    private fun slotFor(dev: InputDevice?): Slot? {
+        if (dev == null) return null
+        slots[dev.id]?.let { return it }
+        if (!isForwardable(dev)) return null
+        return openSlot(dev)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Open a slot for [dev] on the lowest free wire index, declaring its kind ([NativeBridge.nativeSendGamepadArrival])
+     * before any input so the host builds a matching virtual device (mixed types across pads).
+     * Idempotent; null when all 16 wire indices are already forwarded.
+     */
+    private fun openSlot(dev: InputDevice): Slot? {
+        slots[dev.id]?.let { return it }
+        val index = lowestFreeIndex() ?: return null // 16 pads already forwarded — drop this one
+        // Automatic resolves the pad's type from its VID/PID; an explicit setting forces every pad
+        // to that type (a single global choice — matches the handshake's session-default pref).
+        val pref = if (setting == Gamepad.PREF_AUTO) Gamepad.prefFor(dev) else setting
+        NativeBridge.nativeSendGamepadArrival(handle, pref, index)
+        val slot = Slot(index, Gamepad.AxisMapper(handle, index))
+        slots[dev.id] = slot
+        return slot
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Flush a slot's held wire state (so nothing sticks host-side), signal the removal, and free its
+     * index. Safe against an already-gone device — the flush emits wire events only, no device access.
+     */
+    private fun closeSlot(deviceId: Int) {
+        val slot = slots.remove(deviceId) ?: return
+        releaseHeld(slot)
+        NativeBridge.nativeSendGamepadRemove(handle, slot.index)
+        // If this pad was mid-exit-chord, its removal may have left no pad holding it — drop the timer.
+        if (slots.values.none { it.held and EXIT_CHORD == EXIT_CHORD }) disarmExit()
+        // Release this controller's feedback bindings (close its lights session / cancel rumble).
+        onSlotClosed?.invoke(deviceId)
+    }
+
+    /** Lift every held button + zero the axes/HAT dpad for [slot] (wire events only, all on its index). */
+    private fun releaseHeld(slot: Slot) {
+        var bits = slot.held
+        while (bits != 0) {
+            val bit = bits and -bits // lowest set bit
+            NativeBridge.nativeSendGamepadButton(handle, bit, false, slot.index)
+            bits = bits and bit.inv()
+        }
+        slot.held = 0
+        slot.mapper.reset() // zero sticks/triggers + release the HAT dpad
+    }
+
+    /** Lowest wire index 0..[MAX_PADS) not held by a slot, or null when full — stable lowest-free keeps indices from shuffling on hot-plug. */
+    private fun lowestFreeIndex(): Int? {
+        val taken = slots.values.mapTo(HashSet()) { it.index }
+        for (i in 0 until MAX_PADS) if (i !in taken) return i
+        return null
+    }
+
+    private companion object {
+        /** Mirror of `punktfunk-core::input::MAX_PADS` — wire pad indices 0..15. */
+        const val MAX_PADS = 16
+
+        /** Emergency stream-exit chord: Select + Start + L1 + R1 held together (matches the legacy single-pad chord). */
+        const val EXIT_CHORD = Gamepad.BTN_BACK or Gamepad.BTN_START or Gamepad.BTN_LB or Gamepad.BTN_RB
+
+        /** How long the exit chord must be held before the stream leaves — matches SDL/Apple `DISCONNECT_HOLD`. */
+        const val EXIT_HOLD_MS = 1500L
+    }
+}
@@ -269,26 +269,43 @@ object NativeBridge {
    /** One key transition. vk: Windows VK (0 = dropped by Rust). mods: VK modifier mask (0 for now). */
    external fun nativeSendKey(handle: Long, vk: Int, down: Boolean, mods: Int)

-    // ---- Gamepad: one pad forwarded as pad 0 (Rust hardcodes flags=0) ----
+    // ---- Gamepad: each controller forwarded on its own wire pad index (0..15, low byte of flags) ----
+    // The pad index is assigned per Android device by GamepadRouter; a single controller lands on 0,
+    // so its wire is byte-identical to the old single-pad path. The core folds the per-transition
+    // events into seq'd GamepadState snapshots keyed on this index and owns the per-pad seq.

-    /** One gamepad button transition. bit: a [Gamepad].BTN_* bit. down: press/release. */
-    external fun nativeSendGamepadButton(handle: Long, bit: Int, down: Boolean)
+    /** One gamepad button transition on wire pad [pad] (0..15). bit: a [Gamepad].BTN_* bit. down: press/release. */
+    external fun nativeSendGamepadButton(handle: Long, bit: Int, down: Boolean, pad: Int)

-    /** One gamepad axis update. axisId: [Gamepad].AXIS_* (0..5). value: stick i16 (+y=up) / trigger 0..255. */
-    external fun nativeSendGamepadAxis(handle: Long, axisId: Int, value: Int)
+    /** One gamepad axis update on wire pad [pad] (0..15). axisId: [Gamepad].AXIS_* (0..5). value: stick i16 (+y=up) / trigger 0..255. */
+    external fun nativeSendGamepadAxis(handle: Long, axisId: Int, value: Int, pad: Int)
+
+    /**
+     * Declare the controller KIND presented on wire pad [pad] (0..15) so the host builds a matching
+     * virtual device (mixed types across pads). pref: a [Gamepad].PREF_* wire byte. Send ONCE when a
+     * pad opens, BEFORE any of its input; an older host ignores it (that pad then uses the handshake's
+     * session-default kind — the pre-existing single-pad behaviour on pad 0).
+     */
+    external fun nativeSendGamepadArrival(handle: Long, pref: Int, pad: Int)
+
+    /** Signal wire pad [pad] (0..15) was unplugged so the host tears its virtual device down. The core stamps the seq + re-sends. */
+    external fun nativeSendGamepadRemove(handle: Long, pad: Int)

    // ---- Host→client gamepad feedback: Rust pulls block ~100ms, Kotlin renders (see GamepadFeedback) ----

    /**
-     * Block up to ~100 ms for the next rumble update. Returns `(low shl 16) or high` (each
-     * 0..0xFFFF; 0 = stop), or -1 on timeout / session closed. Call from a dedicated poll thread.
+     * Block up to ~100 ms for the next rumble update. Returns a packed positive long: bits 49..52 =
+     * wire pad index (0..15), bit 48 = has a v2 lease, bits 32..47 = ttl_ms, bits 16..31 = low, bits
+     * 0..15 = high (each amplitude 0..0xFFFF; 0/0 = stop), or -1 on timeout / session closed. Kotlin
+     * routes the update to the controller holding that pad index. Call from a dedicated poll thread.
     */
    external fun nativeNextRumble(handle: Long): Long

    /**
     * Block up to ~100 ms for the next DualSense HID-output event, written into [buf] (a direct
-     * ByteBuffer, capacity >= 64) as `[kind][fields…]`: Led=01 r g b, PlayerLeds=02 bits,
-     * Trigger=03 which effect…. Returns the byte count, or -1 on timeout / session closed.
+     * ByteBuffer, capacity >= 64) as `[pad][kind][fields…]` (leading pad = the wire pad index to
+     * route to): Led=pad 01 r g b, PlayerLeds=pad 02 bits, Trigger=pad 03 which effect…. Returns the
+     * byte count, or -1 on timeout / session closed.
     */
    external fun nativeNextHidout(handle: Long, buf: java.nio.ByteBuffer): Int
 }
@@ -43,15 +43,20 @@ tracing = { version = "0.1", default-features = false, features = ["std", "log"]
 # Pure-Rust FFI to libmediandk/libnativewindow/libaaudio — no C++/libc++_shared to bundle. Decode +
 # audio run entirely in Rust on native threads (the "no async on the hot path" invariant).
 # api-level-28 matches the app's minSdk floor (Android 9). AAudio (26), AMediaCodec (21) and
-# ANativeWindow_setBuffersDataSpace (28) are all ≤28; the one API-30 call we make
-# (ANativeWindow_setFrameRate) is dlsym-resolved at runtime (see decode::try_set_frame_rate), not
-# linked, so the .so still loads on API 28/29.
+# ANativeWindow_setBuffersDataSpace (28) are all ≤28; every call above the floor —
+# ANativeWindow_setFrameRate (30), …WithChangeStrategy (31), AMediaCodec_setOnFrameRenderedCallback
+# (33), the ADPF hints — is dlsym-resolved at runtime (decode::try_set_frame_rate,
+# decode::install_render_callback, adpf), never linked, so the .so still loads on API 28+.
 ndk = { version = "0.9", features = ["media", "audio", "nativewindow", "api-level-28"] }
-# Raw FFI for the one AMediaCodec entry point the `ndk` wrapper lacks:
-# `AMediaCodec_setOnFrameRenderedCallback` (API 26, under the minSdk-28 floor ⇒ hard-linked) — the
-# per-frame render-timestamp callback behind the HUD's `display` stage (see decode::DisplayTracker).
-# Reaching it needs the codec's raw pointer, which is why the workspace pins `ndk` to the vendored
-# copy whose only patch makes `MediaCodec::as_ptr` public (vendor/ndk, wired in the root Cargo.toml).
+# Raw FFI *types* for the one AMediaCodec entry point the `ndk` wrapper lacks:
+# `AMediaCodec_setOnFrameRenderedCallback` — the per-frame render-timestamp callback behind the
+# HUD's `display` stage (see decode::DisplayTracker). The symbol is API 33 ("Available since
+# Android T"), ABOVE the minSdk-28 floor, so it is dlsym-resolved at runtime
+# (decode::install_render_callback), NEVER hard-linked: 0.9.0 hard-linked it and
+# `System.loadLibrary` failed on every pre-Android-13 device. Only ndk-sys's pointer/typedef
+# types are referenced, which creates no import. Reaching it needs the codec's raw pointer, which
+# is why the workspace pins `ndk` to the vendored copy whose only patch makes `MediaCodec::as_ptr`
+# public (vendor/ndk, wired in the root Cargo.toml).
 ndk-sys = { version = "0.6", features = ["media"] }
 # setpriority/gettid to raise the decode thread toward URGENT_DISPLAY (see decode::boost_thread_priority).
 libc = "0.2"
@@ -355,45 +355,70 @@ fn decode_loop(
    };
    let mut pcm = vec![0f32; pcm_scratch];
    let mut window_peak = 0f32; // loudest |sample| since the last log — tells a tone from silence
-    while !shutdown.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
+    let mut gaps = punktfunk_core::audio::AudioGapTracker::new();
+    let mut frame_samples = 0usize; // per-channel samples of the last decoded frame — the PLC unit
+    'pump: while !shutdown.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
        match client.next_audio(Duration::from_millis(5)) {
-            Ok(pkt) => match dec.decode_float(&pkt.data, &mut pcm, false) {
-                Ok(samples) => {
-                    let n = samples * channels;
-                    for &s in &pcm[..n] {
-                        window_peak = window_peak.max(s.abs());
+            Ok(pkt) => {
+                // Conceal lost packets (a seq gap) with libopus PLC before decoding the one that
+                // arrived: empty input synthesizes `frame_samples` of interpolation per missing
+                // packet — an inaudible fade instead of the click a hard gap makes in the ring.
+                for _ in 0..gaps.missing_before(pkt.seq) {
+                    let plc = frame_samples * channels;
+                    if plc == 0 {
+                        break; // no decoded frame yet to size the concealment from
                    }
-                    // The ring's pre-reservation in `start` assumes the protocol's 5 ms (≤480-f32/ch)
-                    // frames; a larger frame would force a one-time realloc on the RT thread. Catch a
-                    // future host frame-size change here in debug, not as a silent audio glitch.
-                    debug_assert!(
-                        n <= 5 * ms,
-                        "audio frame {n} f32 exceeds the 5 ms ring reserve"
-                    );
-                    let count = counters.opus_decoded.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed) + 1;
-                    // Reuse a recycled buffer if the callback handed one back; only allocate when the
-                    // free-list is momentarily empty (startup / after a backpressure drop).
-                    let mut buf = free_rx
-                        .try_recv()
-                        .unwrap_or_else(|_| Vec::with_capacity(pcm_scratch));
-                    buf.clear();
-                    buf.extend_from_slice(&pcm[..n]);
-                    match tx.try_send(buf) {
-                        Ok(()) | Err(TrySendError::Full(_)) => {} // drop-newest under backpressure
-                        Err(TrySendError::Disconnected(_)) => break,
-                    }
-                    if count % 600 == 0 {
-                        log::info!(
-                            "audio: opus={count} pcm_frames={} underruns={} ring={} peak={window_peak:.3}",
-                            counters.pcm_written.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
-                            counters.underruns.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
-                            counters.ring_depth.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
-                        );
-                        window_peak = 0.0;
+                    if let Ok(samples) = dec.decode_float(&[], &mut pcm[..plc], false) {
+                        let mut buf = free_rx
+                            .try_recv()
+                            .unwrap_or_else(|_| Vec::with_capacity(pcm_scratch));
+                        buf.clear();
+                        buf.extend_from_slice(&pcm[..samples * channels]);
+                        match tx.try_send(buf) {
+                            Ok(()) | Err(TrySendError::Full(_)) => {}
+                            Err(TrySendError::Disconnected(_)) => break 'pump,
+                        }
                    }
                }
-                Err(e) => log::debug!("audio: opus decode: {e}"),
-            },
+                match dec.decode_float(&pkt.data, &mut pcm, false) {
+                    Ok(samples) => {
+                        frame_samples = samples;
+                        let n = samples * channels;
+                        for &s in &pcm[..n] {
+                            window_peak = window_peak.max(s.abs());
+                        }
+                        // The ring's pre-reservation in `start` assumes the protocol's 5 ms (≤480-f32/ch)
+                        // frames; a larger frame would force a one-time realloc on the RT thread. Catch a
+                        // future host frame-size change here in debug, not as a silent audio glitch.
+                        debug_assert!(
+                            n <= 5 * ms,
+                            "audio frame {n} f32 exceeds the 5 ms ring reserve"
+                        );
+                        let count = counters.opus_decoded.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed) + 1;
+                        // Reuse a recycled buffer if the callback handed one back; only allocate when the
+                        // free-list is momentarily empty (startup / after a backpressure drop).
+                        let mut buf = free_rx
+                            .try_recv()
+                            .unwrap_or_else(|_| Vec::with_capacity(pcm_scratch));
+                        buf.clear();
+                        buf.extend_from_slice(&pcm[..n]);
+                        match tx.try_send(buf) {
+                            Ok(()) | Err(TrySendError::Full(_)) => {} // drop-newest under backpressure
+                            Err(TrySendError::Disconnected(_)) => break,
+                        }
+                        if count % 600 == 0 {
+                            log::info!(
+                                "audio: opus={count} pcm_frames={} underruns={} ring={} peak={window_peak:.3}",
+                                counters.pcm_written.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
+                                counters.underruns.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
+                                counters.ring_depth.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
+                            );
+                            window_peak = 0.0;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    Err(e) => log::debug!("audio: opus decode: {e}"),
+                }
+            }
            Err(PunktfunkError::NoFrame) => {} // timeout
            Err(_) => break,                   // session closed
        }
@@ -15,10 +15,11 @@ use ndk::media::media_format::MediaFormat;
 use ndk::native_window::NativeWindow;
 use punktfunk_core::client::NativeClient;
 use punktfunk_core::error::PunktfunkError;
+use punktfunk_core::reanchor::{GateVerdict, ReanchorGate};
 use punktfunk_core::session::Frame;
 use std::collections::VecDeque;
 use std::ffi::c_void;
-use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
+use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, AtomicI64, Ordering};
 use std::sync::{mpsc, Arc, Mutex};
 use std::time::{Duration, Instant};

@@ -202,23 +203,31 @@ fn run_sync(
    let mut fed: u64 = 0;
    let mut rendered: u64 = 0;
    let mut discarded: u64 = 0;
+    // AUs larger than the codec input buffer, dropped whole (see `feed`/`feed_ready`).
+    let mut oversized_dropped: u64 = 0;
    // The AU waiting for a free codec input buffer. `feed` is non-blocking; on transient input
    // pressure the AU stays parked here instead of being dropped (a drop forces a keyframe
    // round-trip) and we only pop the next one once it's queued.
    let mut pending: Option<Frame> = None;
-    // Loss recovery: watch the host→client unrecoverable-drop count and ask for an IDR when it
-    // climbs.
-    let mut last_dropped = client.frames_dropped();
+    // Freeze-until-reanchor: the shared post-loss gate ([`punktfunk_core::reanchor::ReanchorGate`]).
+    // Armed on a frame-index gap or a dropped-count climb, it withholds the decoder's concealed output
+    // (released WITHOUT rendering — the SurfaceView keeps the last rendered frame on glass) until a
+    // proven clean re-anchor lifts it: an IDR (wire FLAG_SOF), an RFI anchor, or the 2nd recovery mark.
+    // `last_kf_req` throttles the keyframe intents it emits; `recovery_flags` carries each AU's
+    // user_flags from feed to present (keyed by the codec-echoed pts) so `on_decoded` reads the
+    // re-anchor signalling the platform decoder doesn't expose.
+    let mut gate = ReanchorGate::new(client.frames_dropped());
+    let mut recovery_flags: VecDeque<(u64, u32)> = VecDeque::new();
    let mut last_kf_req: Option<Instant> = None;
    // Skew-corrected latency stats (spec: design/stats-unification.md) use the negotiated
    // host-minus-client clock offset (0 if the host didn't answer the skew handshake — then the
    // HUD flags it "(same-host clock)").
-    let clock_offset = client.clock_offset_ns;
+    let clock_offset = client.clock_offset_shared();
    // Display stage (spec `display` + the capture→displayed headline): frames released with
    // render = true are parked in the tracker; the OnFrameRendered callback pairs them with
    // SurfaceFlinger's render timestamp. `render_cb` is the callback's leaked Arc refcount,
    // reclaimed after the codec is dropped below.
-    let tracker = DisplayTracker::new(stats.clone(), clock_offset);
+    let tracker = DisplayTracker::new(stats.clone(), clock_offset.clone());
    let render_cb = install_render_callback(&codec, &tracker);
    // HUD stage split: receipt timestamps keyed by the pts we queue into the codec, so the decoded
    // point (output-buffer dequeue — MediaCodec round-trips presentationTimeUs) can be paired back
@@ -241,6 +250,20 @@ fn run_sync(
        if pending.is_none() {
            match client.next_frame(Duration::from_millis(5)) {
                Ok(frame) => {
+                    // Loss recovery (RFI): feed the frame index so a forward gap fires a throttled
+                    // reference-frame-invalidation request — an RFI-capable host (AMD LTR / NVENC)
+                    // recovers with a cheap clean P-frame instead of a full IDR. The same forward gap
+                    // arms the freeze gate so the decoder's concealment is held off the screen until the
+                    // recovery re-anchors. The frames_dropped keyframe path below stays the backstop.
+                    if client.note_frame_index(frame.frame_index) {
+                        gate.arm(Instant::now());
+                    }
+                    // Park this AU's re-anchor flags for the present side (keyed by the pts the codec
+                    // echoes on the output buffer) — unconditional, unlike the HUD's `in_flight` map.
+                    recovery_flags.push_back((frame.pts_ns / 1000, frame.flags));
+                    if recovery_flags.len() > IN_FLIGHT_CAP {
+                        recovery_flags.pop_front();
+                    }
                    if fed == 0 {
                        let p = &frame.data;
                        log::info!(
@@ -256,6 +279,7 @@ fn run_sync(
                    // the output buffer) for the decoded-point pairing in `drain`.
                    if stats.enabled() {
                        let received_ns = now_realtime_ns();
+                        let clock_offset = clock_offset.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
                        let lat_ns = received_ns + clock_offset as i128 - frame.pts_ns as i128;
                        let lat_us = (lat_ns > 0 && lat_ns < 10_000_000_000)
                            .then_some((lat_ns / 1000) as u64);
@@ -295,7 +319,13 @@ fn run_sync(
        // and excluded, so ADPF sees this thread's real per-frame CPU cost, not the poll timeout.
        let work_t0 = Instant::now();
        if let Some(frame) = pending.take() {
-            if feed(&codec, &frame.data, frame.pts_ns / 1000) {
+            if feed(
+                &codec,
+                &client,
+                &frame.data,
+                frame.pts_ns / 1000,
+                &mut oversized_dropped,
+            ) {
                fed += 1;
                if fed % 300 == 0 {
                    log::info!("decode: fed={fed} rendered={rendered} discarded={discarded}");
@@ -320,8 +350,10 @@ fn run_sync(
            wait,
            &stats,
            &mut in_flight,
-            clock_offset,
+            clock_offset.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
            &tracker,
+            &mut gate,
+            &mut recovery_flags,
        );
        rendered += r;
        discarded += d;
@@ -361,21 +393,19 @@ fn run_sync(
            work_accum_ns = 0;
        }

-        // Loss recovery: under infinite GOP the only recovery keyframe is one we request. The
-        // reassembler drops unrecoverable AUs (frames_dropped); the decoder then conceals the
-        // reference-missing delta frames that follow and renders them without error, so keying off
-        // a decode error rarely fires. Request an IDR when the drop count climbs, throttled — the
-        // decode stays wedged for several frames until the IDR lands, so requesting every frame
-        // would flood the control stream.
-        let dropped = client.frames_dropped();
-        if dropped > last_dropped {
-            last_dropped = dropped;
-            let now = Instant::now();
-            if last_kf_req.is_none_or(|t| now.duration_since(t) >= Duration::from_millis(100)) {
-                last_kf_req = Some(now);
-                let _ = client.request_keyframe();
-                log::debug!("decode: requested keyframe (loss recovery, dropped={dropped})");
-            }
+        // Loss recovery + overdue backstop, folded through the gate. Under infinite GOP the only
+        // recovery keyframe is one we request; the reassembler drops unrecoverable AUs (frames_dropped)
+        // and the decoder then conceals the reference-missing deltas and renders them without error, so
+        // a decode-error trigger rarely fires — the gate arms the freeze on the drop-count climb
+        // instead. An overdue freeze (held REANCHOR_FREEZE_MAX with no clean re-anchor) re-asks while it
+        // keeps holding: never resume to gray — a dead stream is the QUIC idle-timeout watchdog's job.
+        let now = Instant::now();
+        if gate.poll(client.frames_dropped(), now)
+            && last_kf_req.is_none_or(|t| now.duration_since(t) >= Duration::from_millis(100))
+        {
+            last_kf_req = Some(now);
+            let _ = client.request_keyframe();
+            log::debug!("decode: requested keyframe (loss recovery / overdue re-anchor)");
        }
    }

@@ -418,8 +448,10 @@ fn now_monotonic_ns() -> i128 {
 /// endpoint whenever the platform delivers render callbacks).
 struct DisplayTracker {
    stats: Arc<crate::stats::VideoStats>,
-    /// Host-minus-client clock offset (ns) for the skew-corrected end-to-end sample.
-    clock_offset: i64,
+    /// Live host-minus-client clock offset (ns) for the skew-corrected end-to-end sample —
+    /// loaded per callback so mid-stream re-syncs apply. Holding the handle (not the client)
+    /// keeps the leaked render-callback refcount from pinning the whole session alive.
+    clock_offset: Arc<AtomicI64>,
    /// `(pts_us, decoded_real_ns)` of frames released with `render = true`, in release order,
    /// awaiting their callback. Pushes are HUD-gated by the caller, so this stays empty (and the
    /// callback early-outs) while the overlay is hidden.
@@ -427,7 +459,10 @@ struct DisplayTracker {
 }

 impl DisplayTracker {
-    fn new(stats: Arc<crate::stats::VideoStats>, clock_offset: i64) -> Arc<DisplayTracker> {
+    fn new(
+        stats: Arc<crate::stats::VideoStats>,
+        clock_offset: Arc<AtomicI64>,
+    ) -> Arc<DisplayTracker> {
        Arc::new(DisplayTracker {
            stats,
            clock_offset,
@@ -449,26 +484,49 @@ impl DisplayTracker {
    }
 }

-/// Register [`on_frame_rendered`] on the codec (`AMediaCodec_setOnFrameRenderedCallback`, API 26 —
-/// under the minSdk-28 floor, so hard-linked via `ndk-sys`; the `ndk` wrapper has no binding, which
-/// is what the vendored crate's public `as_ptr` patch is for). Returns the userdata pointer holding
-/// a leaked `Arc<DisplayTracker>` refcount; the caller MUST reclaim it with
-/// [`release_render_callback`] AFTER dropping the codec (`AMediaCodec_delete` is what guarantees no
-/// further callback can fire). `None` (nothing to reclaim) if the platform refused — the HUD then
-/// simply has no `display` stage, exactly the pre-callback behaviour.
+/// Register [`on_frame_rendered`] on the codec (`AMediaCodec_setOnFrameRenderedCallback`,
+/// **API 33** — "Available since Android T" per the NDK header; only the *Java* listener dates
+/// back further). That sits above the API-28 floor, so the entry point is dlsym-resolved at
+/// runtime like [`try_set_frame_rate`] — hard-linking it (as 0.9.0 shipped) made
+/// `System.loadLibrary` fail on every pre-Android-13 device, taking down all of `NativeBridge`.
+/// The `ndk` wrapper has no binding and the call needs the raw codec pointer, which is what the
+/// vendored crate's public `as_ptr` patch is for. Returns the userdata pointer holding a leaked
+/// `Arc<DisplayTracker>` refcount; the caller MUST reclaim it with [`release_render_callback`]
+/// AFTER dropping the codec (`AMediaCodec_delete` is what guarantees no further callback can
+/// fire). `None` (nothing to reclaim) if the symbol is absent (API < 33) or the platform refused —
+/// the HUD then simply has no `display` stage, exactly the pre-callback behaviour.
 fn install_render_callback(
    codec: &MediaCodec,
    tracker: &Arc<DisplayTracker>,
 ) -> Option<*const DisplayTracker> {
+    // media_status_t AMediaCodec_setOnFrameRenderedCallback(
+    //     AMediaCodec*, AMediaCodecOnFrameRendered, void*)                            (API 33)
+    type SetOnFrameRenderedFn = unsafe extern "C" fn(
+        *mut ndk_sys::AMediaCodec,
+        ndk_sys::AMediaCodecOnFrameRendered,
+        *mut c_void,
+    ) -> ndk_sys::media_status_t;
+    // SAFETY: `dlopen` of `libmediandk.so`, which the `ndk` media wrapper already links — always
+    // mapped, so this only bumps its refcount (never closed — process-lifetime handle). `dlsym`
+    // returns null when the symbol is absent (device below API 33), checked before transmuting the
+    // non-null pointer to its fn-pointer type.
+    let set_on_frame_rendered = unsafe {
+        let lib = libc::dlopen(c"libmediandk.so".as_ptr(), libc::RTLD_NOW);
+        if lib.is_null() {
+            return None;
+        }
+        let sym = libc::dlsym(lib, c"AMediaCodec_setOnFrameRenderedCallback".as_ptr());
+        if sym.is_null() {
+            log::info!("decode: no render callback on this API level (<33) — no display stage");
+            return None;
+        }
+        std::mem::transmute::<*mut c_void, SetOnFrameRenderedFn>(sym)
+    };
    let ud = Arc::into_raw(tracker.clone());
    // SAFETY: `codec.as_ptr()` is the live codec this thread owns; `ud` outlives the registration
    // (reclaimed only after the codec is deleted, per this function's contract).
    let status = unsafe {
-        ndk_sys::AMediaCodec_setOnFrameRenderedCallback(
-            codec.as_ptr(),
-            Some(on_frame_rendered),
-            ud as *mut c_void,
-        )
+        set_on_frame_rendered(codec.as_ptr(), Some(on_frame_rendered), ud as *mut c_void)
    };
    if status == ndk_sys::media_status_t::AMEDIA_OK {
        Some(ud)
@@ -531,7 +589,8 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn on_frame_rendered(
            }
        }
    }
-    let e2e_ns = displayed_ns + t.clock_offset as i128 - pts_us as i128 * 1000;
+    let e2e_ns =
+        displayed_ns + t.clock_offset.load(Ordering::Relaxed) as i128 - pts_us as i128 * 1000;
    let e2e_us = (e2e_ns > 0 && e2e_ns < 10_000_000_000).then_some((e2e_ns / 1000) as u64);
    let display_us = decoded_ns.map(|d| ((displayed_ns - d).max(0) / 1000) as u64);
    t.stats.note_displayed(e2e_us, display_us);
@@ -664,8 +723,10 @@ struct OutputReady {
 /// internal looper thread) push the codec ones; the feeder thread pushes `Au`. Each carries only
 /// owned/`Copy` data so the callback closures satisfy the `Send` bound and never touch the codec.
 enum DecodeEvent {
-    /// A received access unit from the feeder, ready to queue into the decoder.
-    Au(Frame),
+    /// A received access unit from the feeder, ready to queue into the decoder. The `bool` is the
+    /// feeder's [`NativeClient::note_frame_index`] verdict — `true` when this AU revealed a forward
+    /// frame-index gap, so the loop arms the freeze gate (the feeder already fired the RFI request).
+    Au(Frame, bool),
    /// An input buffer slot freed (index) — we can queue an AU into it.
    InputAvailable(usize),
    /// A decoded frame is ready (buffer index + echoed pts + the callback-time `decoded` stamp).
@@ -804,13 +865,13 @@ fn run_async(
    // pts we queue) live in a shared map: the feeder writes them at receipt, this loop pairs decoded
    // output back to them. Behind a `Mutex` since two threads touch it — only ever locked while the
    // HUD is visible.
-    let clock_offset = client.clock_offset_ns;
+    let clock_offset = client.clock_offset_shared();
    let in_flight = Arc::new(Mutex::new(VecDeque::<(u64, i128)>::new()));
    // Display stage (spec `display` + the capture→displayed headline): the rendered frame is
    // parked in the tracker at release; the OnFrameRendered callback pairs it with
    // SurfaceFlinger's render timestamp. `render_cb` is the callback's leaked Arc refcount,
    // reclaimed after the codec is dropped below.
-    let tracker = DisplayTracker::new(stats.clone(), clock_offset);
+    let tracker = DisplayTracker::new(stats.clone(), clock_offset.clone());
    let render_cb = install_render_callback(&codec, &tracker);

    // Feeder thread: block on the network so this loop doesn't (an AU's arrival becomes an event that
@@ -819,19 +880,13 @@ fn run_async(
        let client = client.clone();
        let stats = stats.clone();
        let in_flight = in_flight.clone();
+        let clock_offset = clock_offset.clone();
        let shutdown = shutdown.clone();
        let ev_tx = ev_tx.clone();
        std::thread::Builder::new()
            .name("pf-decode-feed".into())
            .spawn(move || {
-                feeder_loop(
-                    client,
-                    stats,
-                    in_flight,
-                    clock_offset as i128,
-                    shutdown,
-                    ev_tx,
-                );
+                feeder_loop(client, stats, in_flight, clock_offset, shutdown, ev_tx);
            })
            .ok()
    };
@@ -855,7 +910,14 @@ fn run_async(
    let mut fed: u64 = 0;
    let mut rendered: u64 = 0;
    let mut discarded: u64 = 0;
-    let mut last_dropped = client.frames_dropped();
+    // AUs larger than the codec input buffer, dropped whole (see `feed`/`feed_ready`).
+    let mut oversized_dropped: u64 = 0;
+    // Freeze-until-reanchor gate (see the sync loop for the rationale). Armed on a frame-index gap
+    // (the feeder's Au verdict), a parked-AU overflow drop, a dropped-count climb, or a recoverable
+    // codec error; `recovery_flags` carries each AU's user_flags from `dispatch_event` (feed) to
+    // `present_ready` (present), keyed by the codec-echoed pts.
+    let mut gate = ReanchorGate::new(client.frames_dropped());
+    let mut recovery_flags: VecDeque<(u64, u32)> = VecDeque::new();
    let mut last_kf_req: Option<Instant> = None;
    // Productive (dispatch+feed+present) time between displayed frames; reported to ADPF once one is
    // presented. The blocking event wait is excluded (idle, not work) — same accounting as the sync loop.
@@ -881,6 +943,8 @@ fn run_async(
                &mut ready,
                &mut fmt_dirty,
                &mut fatal,
+                &mut gate,
+                &mut recovery_flags,
            ));
        }
        // Coalesce every other event already queued into this one work pass — correct newest-only
@@ -893,23 +957,34 @@ fn run_async(
                &mut ready,
                &mut fmt_dirty,
                &mut fatal,
+                &mut gate,
+                &mut recovery_flags,
            ));
        }
        stats.note_skipped(aus_dropped); // parked-AU overflow drops are client-side skips too
        if fmt_dirty {
            apply_hdr_dataspace(&codec, &window, &mut applied_ds);
        }
-        feed_ready(&codec, &mut pending_aus, &mut free_inputs, &mut fed);
+        feed_ready(
+            &codec,
+            &client,
+            &mut pending_aus,
+            &mut free_inputs,
+            &mut fed,
+            &mut oversized_dropped,
+        );
        let had_output = !ready.is_empty();
        present_ready(
            &codec,
            &mut ready,
            &stats,
            &in_flight,
-            clock_offset,
+            clock_offset.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
            &tracker,
            &mut rendered,
            &mut discarded,
+            &mut gate,
+            &mut recovery_flags,
        );

        work_accum_ns += work_t0.elapsed().as_nanos() as i64;
@@ -941,17 +1016,19 @@ fn run_async(
                log::info!("decode: fed={fed} rendered={rendered} discarded={discarded}");
            }
        }
-        // Loss recovery: request an IDR when the reassembler's unrecoverable-drop count climbs (or we
-        // dropped a parked AU on overflow), throttled so a multi-frame recovery gap doesn't flood the
-        // control stream.
-        let dropped = client.frames_dropped();
-        if dropped > last_dropped || aus_dropped > 0 {
-            last_dropped = dropped;
-            let now = Instant::now();
-            if last_kf_req.is_none_or(|t| now.duration_since(t) >= Duration::from_millis(100)) {
-                last_kf_req = Some(now);
-                let _ = client.request_keyframe();
-            }
+        // Loss recovery + overdue backstop, folded through the gate. A parked-AU overflow drop is itself
+        // a loss, so it arms the freeze directly; the gate's `poll` then arms on a dropped-count climb
+        // and re-asks on an overdue freeze. All keyframe intents route through the shared 100 ms
+        // throttle so a multi-frame recovery gap can't flood the control stream.
+        let now = Instant::now();
+        if aus_dropped > 0 {
+            gate.arm(now);
+        }
+        if (gate.poll(client.frames_dropped(), now) || aus_dropped > 0)
+            && last_kf_req.is_none_or(|t| now.duration_since(t) >= Duration::from_millis(100))
+        {
+            last_kf_req = Some(now);
+            let _ = client.request_keyframe();
        }
    }

@@ -976,7 +1053,7 @@ fn feeder_loop(
    client: Arc<NativeClient>,
    stats: Arc<crate::stats::VideoStats>,
    in_flight: Arc<Mutex<VecDeque<(u64, i128)>>>,
-    clock_offset: i128,
+    clock_offset: Arc<AtomicI64>,
    shutdown: Arc<AtomicBool>,
    ev_tx: mpsc::Sender<DecodeEvent>,
 ) {
@@ -985,8 +1062,14 @@ fn feeder_loop(
    while !shutdown.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
        match client.next_frame(Duration::from_millis(5)) {
            Ok(frame) => {
+                // Loss recovery (RFI): a forward frame-index gap fires a throttled reference-frame-
+                // invalidation request so an RFI-capable host recovers with a cheap clean P-frame
+                // instead of a full IDR (the frames_dropped keyframe path is the backstop). The gap
+                // verdict rides the Au event so the decode loop arms its freeze gate on the same signal.
+                let gap = client.note_frame_index(frame.frame_index);
                if stats.enabled() {
                    let received_ns = now_realtime_ns();
+                    let clock_offset = clock_offset.load(Ordering::Relaxed) as i128;
                    let lat_ns = received_ns + clock_offset - frame.pts_ns as i128;
                    let lat_us =
                        (lat_ns > 0 && lat_ns < 10_000_000_000).then_some((lat_ns / 1000) as u64);
@@ -1016,7 +1099,7 @@ fn feeder_loop(
                        }
                    }
                }
-                if ev_tx.send(DecodeEvent::Au(frame)).is_err() {
+                if ev_tx.send(DecodeEvent::Au(frame, gap)).is_err() {
                    break; // the decode loop is gone
                }
            }
@@ -1028,6 +1111,7 @@ fn feeder_loop(

 /// Route one [`DecodeEvent`] into the loop's working sets. Returns `true` only when a parked AU was
 /// dropped on overflow (the caller then requests a keyframe).
+#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)] // two call sites; the freeze gate + flag map are threaded in
 fn dispatch_event(
    ev: DecodeEvent,
    pending_aus: &mut VecDeque<Frame>,
@@ -1035,9 +1119,20 @@ fn dispatch_event(
    ready: &mut Vec<OutputReady>,
    fmt_dirty: &mut bool,
    fatal: &mut bool,
+    gate: &mut ReanchorGate,
+    recovery_flags: &mut VecDeque<(u64, u32)>,
 ) -> bool {
    match ev {
-        DecodeEvent::Au(f) => {
+        DecodeEvent::Au(f, gap) => {
+            // A forward frame-index gap arms the freeze; park this AU's flags for the present side to
+            // fold `on_decoded` (keyed by the pts the codec will echo).
+            if gap {
+                gate.arm(Instant::now());
+            }
+            recovery_flags.push_back((f.pts_ns / 1000, f.flags));
+            if recovery_flags.len() > IN_FLIGHT_CAP {
+                recovery_flags.pop_front();
+            }
            pending_aus.push_back(f);
            if pending_aus.len() > FRAME_PARK_CAP {
                pending_aus.pop_front(); // sustained overflow — drop oldest, signal a keyframe request
@@ -1058,6 +1153,10 @@ fn dispatch_event(
        DecodeEvent::Error { fatal: f } => {
            if f {
                *fatal = true;
+            } else {
+                // A recoverable/transient codec error is a decode hiccup on a broken reference chain —
+                // arm the freeze so the concealed output it recovers into is held off the screen.
+                gate.arm(Instant::now());
            }
        }
    }
@@ -1066,12 +1165,15 @@ fn dispatch_event(

 /// Queue as many parked AUs as there are free input buffer slots (async mode: the indices come from
 /// `InputAvailable` callbacks, not a dequeue). Each AU is copied into its codec input buffer and
-/// submitted; a too-large AU is truncated (logged) rather than dropped.
+/// submitted; an AU larger than the buffer is DROPPED (+ a recovery keyframe requested) — a
+/// truncated AU is corrupt input the decoder chews on silently, poisoning the reference chain.
 fn feed_ready(
    codec: &MediaCodec,
+    client: &NativeClient,
    pending_aus: &mut VecDeque<Frame>,
    free_inputs: &mut VecDeque<usize>,
    fed: &mut u64,
+    oversized_dropped: &mut u64,
 ) {
    while !pending_aus.is_empty() && !free_inputs.is_empty() {
        let idx = free_inputs.pop_front().unwrap();
@@ -1082,14 +1184,20 @@ fn feed_ready(
            continue;
        };
        let au = &frame.data;
-        let n = au.len().min(dst.len());
-        if n < au.len() {
+        if au.len() > dst.len() {
+            // The slot was never queued, so it stays ours — recycle it for the next AU.
+            free_inputs.push_front(idx);
+            *oversized_dropped += 1;
            log::warn!(
-                "decode: AU {} > input buffer {}, truncated",
+                "decode: AU {} > input buffer {} — dropped ({} so far), requesting keyframe",
                au.len(),
-                dst.len()
+                dst.len(),
+                *oversized_dropped
            );
+            let _ = client.request_keyframe();
+            continue;
        }
+        let n = au.len();
        // SAFETY: `au` (wire AU) and `dst` (codec input buffer) are distinct allocations, both valid
        // for `n` bytes; `MaybeUninit<u8>` is layout-identical to `u8`, so this initializes dst[..n].
        unsafe {
@@ -1120,6 +1228,8 @@ fn present_ready(
    tracker: &DisplayTracker,
    rendered: &mut u64,
    discarded: &mut u64,
+    gate: &mut ReanchorGate,
+    recovery_flags: &mut VecDeque<(u64, u32)>,
 ) {
    if ready.is_empty() {
        return;
@@ -1132,10 +1242,16 @@ fn present_ready(
            note_decoded_pts(stats, &mut g, clock_offset, o.pts_us, o.decoded_ns);
        }
    }
+    // Fold EVERY output through the gate in pts (== decode) order — even the ones newest-wins discards —
+    // so the two-mark re-anchor count stays correct; the newest's verdict decides whether it reaches
+    // glass (`false` = withheld concealment; the SurfaceView keeps the last rendered frame frozen on).
+    let now = Instant::now();
    let last = ready.len() - 1;
    let mut skipped: u64 = 0;
    for (i, o) in ready.drain(..).enumerate() {
-        let render = i == last;
+        let flags = take_flags(recovery_flags, o.pts_us);
+        let present = gate.on_decoded(flags, false, now) == GateVerdict::Present;
+        let render = i == last && present;
        match codec.release_output_buffer_by_index(o.index, render) {
            Ok(()) if render => {
                *rendered += 1;
@@ -1155,7 +1271,7 @@ fn present_ready(
            }
        }
    }
-    stats.note_skipped(skipped); // HUD `skipped` counter (newest-wins drops); no-op while hidden
+    stats.note_skipped(skipped); // HUD `skipped` counter (newest-wins + held-off drops); no-op hidden
 }

 /// React to an output-format change by signalling the stream's HDR dataspace on the Surface (SDR
@@ -1275,27 +1391,44 @@ fn try_set_frame_rate(window: &NativeWindow, frame_rate: f32, is_tv: bool) -> bo
 /// Try to copy one access unit into a codec input buffer and queue it, without blocking. Returns
 /// `false` only on `TryAgainLater` (no input buffer free) — the caller keeps the AU pending and
 /// retries; a hard dequeue/queue error counts as consumed (retrying can't salvage the AU, and
-/// parking it forever would wedge the loop on a broken codec).
-fn feed(codec: &MediaCodec, au: &[u8], pts_us: u64) -> bool {
+/// parking it forever would wedge the loop on a broken codec). An AU larger than the input
+/// buffer is DROPPED (+ a recovery keyframe requested), never truncated — a truncated AU is
+/// corrupt input the decoder chews on silently, poisoning the reference chain.
+fn feed(
+    codec: &MediaCodec,
+    client: &NativeClient,
+    au: &[u8],
+    pts_us: u64,
+    oversized_dropped: &mut u64,
+) -> bool {
    match codec.dequeue_input_buffer(Duration::ZERO) {
        Ok(DequeuedInputBufferResult::Buffer(mut buf)) => {
            let n = {
                let dst = buf.buffer_mut();
-                let n = au.len().min(dst.len());
-                if n < au.len() {
+                if au.len() > dst.len() {
+                    *oversized_dropped += 1;
                    log::warn!(
-                        "decode: AU {} > input buffer {}, truncated",
+                        "decode: AU {} > input buffer {} — dropped ({} so far), requesting keyframe",
                        au.len(),
-                        dst.len()
+                        dst.len(),
+                        *oversized_dropped
                    );
+                    let _ = client.request_keyframe();
+                    0 // return the slot with zero valid bytes — a no-op input, not corrupt data
+                } else {
+                    let n = au.len();
+                    // SAFETY: `au` and `dst` are distinct allocations (wire AU vs. codec buffer),
+                    // both valid for `n` bytes; `MaybeUninit<u8>` is layout-identical to `u8`, so
+                    // the cast write initializes exactly `dst[..n]`.
+                    unsafe {
+                        std::ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(
+                            au.as_ptr(),
+                            dst.as_mut_ptr().cast::<u8>(),
+                            n,
+                        );
+                    }
+                    n
                }
-                // SAFETY: `au` and `dst` are distinct allocations (wire AU vs. codec buffer), both
-                // valid for `n` bytes; `MaybeUninit<u8>` is layout-identical to `u8`, so the cast
-                // write initializes exactly `dst[..n]`.
-                unsafe {
-                    std::ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(au.as_ptr(), dst.as_mut_ptr().cast::<u8>(), n);
-                }
-                n
            };
            if let Err(e) = codec.queue_input_buffer(buf, 0, n, pts_us, 0) {
                log::warn!("decode: queue_input_buffer: {e}");
@@ -1334,19 +1467,30 @@ fn drain(
    in_flight: &mut VecDeque<(u64, i128)>,
    clock_offset: i64,
    tracker: &DisplayTracker,
+    gate: &mut ReanchorGate,
+    recovery_flags: &mut VecDeque<(u64, u32)>,
 ) -> (u64, u64) {
    // Newest ready buffer so far (presented after the loop) with its HUD metadata —
-    // `Some((pts_us, decoded_ns))` only while the HUD is visible (the stamp read is gated).
+    // `Some((pts_us, decoded_ns))` only while the HUD is visible. `held_present` is the freeze gate's
+    // verdict for that newest buffer (`false` = a post-loss concealment to withhold).
    let mut held: Option<(OutputBuffer<'_>, Option<(u64, i128)>)> = None;
+    let mut held_present = true;
    let mut discarded: u64 = 0;
    let mut wait = first_wait;
    loop {
        match codec.dequeue_output_buffer(wait) {
            Ok(DequeuedOutputBufferInfoResult::Buffer(buf)) => {
-                wait = Duration::ZERO; // only the first dequeue may block
+                // Only the first dequeue may block; later ones poll (wait == ZERO).
+                wait = Duration::ZERO;
+                // Fold every dequeued frame through the gate in pts (== decode) order — even the ones
+                // the newest-wins policy discards — so the two-mark re-anchor count stays correct; the
+                // verdict of the newest (last folded) buffer decides whether it reaches glass.
+                let pts_us = buf.info().presentation_time_us().max(0) as u64;
+                let flags = take_flags(recovery_flags, pts_us);
+                held_present =
+                    gate.on_decoded(flags, false, Instant::now()) == GateVerdict::Present;
                let meta = if stats.enabled() {
                    // The dequeue IS the sync loop's decoded-availability instant.
-                    let pts_us = buf.info().presentation_time_us().max(0) as u64;
                    let decoded_ns = now_realtime_ns();
                    note_decoded_pts(stats, in_flight, clock_offset, pts_us, decoded_ns);
                    Some((pts_us, decoded_ns))
@@ -1392,16 +1536,19 @@ fn drain(
            }
        }
    }
-    // Present the newest ready frame, if any, and park its metadata for the render callback.
+    // Present the newest ready frame — UNLESS the gate is withholding it as a post-loss concealment,
+    // in which case release it without rendering (the SurfaceView keeps the last rendered frame frozen
+    // on glass) and count it as a discard rather than a display.
    let mut rendered = 0;
    if let Some((buf, meta)) = held {
-        match codec.release_output_buffer(buf, true) {
-            Ok(()) => {
+        match codec.release_output_buffer(buf, held_present) {
+            Ok(()) if held_present => {
                rendered = 1;
                if let Some((pts_us, decoded_ns)) = meta {
                    tracker.note_rendered(pts_us, decoded_ns);
                }
            }
+            Ok(()) => discarded += 1, // held off the screen — awaiting a clean re-anchor
            Err(e) => log::warn!("decode: release_output_buffer: {e}"),
        }
    }
@@ -1443,6 +1590,25 @@ fn note_decoded_pts(
    stats.note_decoded(e2e_us, decode_us);
 }

+/// The AU `user_flags` for a decoded output, keyed by the echoed `presentationTimeUs`. Recovery
+/// signalling (FLAG_SOF IDR marker / RECOVERY_ANCHOR / RECOVERY_POINT) rides the AU's flags, which are
+/// only in scope at feed time — so the feed side parks `(pts_us, flags)` here and the present side
+/// looks them up to fold [`ReanchorGate::on_decoded`]. Decode order == input order (low-latency, no
+/// B-frames), so this evicts entries older than `pts_us` as it goes; a miss (probe filler, or an entry
+/// aged past the cap) reads `0` — no recovery flags, decoded normally.
+fn take_flags(map: &mut VecDeque<(u64, u32)>, pts_us: u64) -> u32 {
+    while let Some(&(p, f)) = map.front() {
+        if p > pts_us {
+            break; // future frame — leave it for its own output buffer
+        }
+        map.pop_front();
+        if p == pts_us {
+            return f;
+        }
+    }
+    0
+}
+
 /// Map the decoder's reported output colour to a BT.2020 HDR dataspace, or `None` for SDR. The
 /// integer values are the Android MediaFormat colour constants the NDK shares: COLOR_TRANSFER
 /// ST2084 = 6 (PQ/HDR10), HLG = 7; COLOR_RANGE FULL = 1, LIMITED = 2 (the host encodes limited).
@@ -24,8 +24,13 @@ const TAG_PLAYER_LEDS: u8 = 0x02;
 const TAG_TRIGGER: u8 = 0x03;

 /// `NativeBridge.nativeNextRumble(handle): Long` — block up to ~100 ms for the next rumble update.
-/// Returns `(low << 16) | high` (each 0..=0xFFFF; `0` = stop), or `-1` on timeout / session closed.
-/// Pad index is dropped (single-pad model). Run from a dedicated Kotlin poll thread.
+/// Returns a packed positive long: bits 49..52 = wire `pad` index (0..15), bit 48 = "has a v2 lease",
+/// bits 32..47 = `ttl_ms`, bits 16..31 = `low`, bits 0..15 = `high` (`low`/`high` 0..=0xFFFF, `0/0` =
+/// stop). The lease flag is out-of-band so ANY 16-bit `ttl_ms` — including 0xFFFF — is unambiguous (no
+/// in-band sentinel to collide with a real 65535 ms lease). No lease (legacy host) → bit 48 clear, and
+/// Kotlin falls back to its long one-shot. `-1` on timeout / session closed (all packed values are
+/// positive, so `-1` stays unambiguous). Kotlin routes the update back to the controller holding that
+/// wire `pad` index (multi-pad rumble). Run from a Kotlin poll thread.
 #[no_mangle]
 pub extern "system" fn Java_io_unom_punktfunk_kit_NativeBridge_nativeNextRumble(
    _env: JNIEnv,
@@ -37,22 +42,37 @@ pub extern "system" fn Java_io_unom_punktfunk_kit_NativeBridge_nativeNextRumble(
        if handle == 0 {
            return -1;
        }
-        // SAFETY: live handle per the nativeConnect/nativeClose contract; next_rumble is &self on the
-        // Sync connector — safe alongside the decode/audio/input threads. Kotlin stops these poll
+        // SAFETY: live handle per the nativeConnect/nativeClose contract; next_rumble_ttl is &self on
+        // the Sync connector — safe alongside the decode/audio/input threads. Kotlin stops these poll
        // threads (and joins them — unbounded) before nativeClose frees the handle.
        let h = unsafe { &*(handle as *const SessionHandle) };
-        match h.client.next_rumble(PULL_TIMEOUT) {
-            Ok((_pad, low, high)) => (jlong::from(low) << 16) | jlong::from(high),
+        match h.client.next_rumble_ttl(PULL_TIMEOUT) {
+            Ok((pad, low, high, ttl)) => {
+                // The reorder gate already ran in the core, so this update is fresh. Encode the
+                // Option out-of-band: a real lease sets bit 48 and carries ttl_ms verbatim. The pad
+                // index rides above the lease flag (bits 49..52), keeping the whole word positive.
+                let (lease_flag, ttl_bits) = match ttl {
+                    Some(ms) => (1i64 << 48, jlong::from(ms) << 32),
+                    None => (0, 0),
+                };
+                (jlong::from(pad & 0xF) << 49)
+                    | lease_flag
+                    | ttl_bits
+                    | (jlong::from(low) << 16)
+                    | jlong::from(high)
+            }
            Err(_) => -1, // NoFrame (timeout) or Closed — Kotlin loops on its running flag
        }
    })
 }

 /// `NativeBridge.nativeNextHidout(handle, buf): Int` — block up to ~100 ms for the next DualSense
-/// HID-output event, written into the caller's direct ByteBuffer as `[kind][fields…]`:
-///   Led        → `[0x01][r][g][b]`         (len 4)
-///   PlayerLeds → `[0x02][bits]`            (len 2)
-///   Trigger    → `[0x03][which][effect…]`  (len 2 + effect.len())
+/// HID-output event, written into the caller's direct ByteBuffer as `[pad][kind][fields…]` (the
+/// leading `pad` is the wire pad index the event is addressed to, so Kotlin routes it to that
+/// controller — multi-pad HID feedback):
+///   Led        → `[pad][0x01][r][g][b]`         (len 5)
+///   PlayerLeds → `[pad][0x02][bits]`            (len 3)
+///   Trigger    → `[pad][0x03][which][effect…]`  (len 3 + effect.len())
 /// Returns the byte count written, or `-1` on timeout / session closed / buffer too small.
 #[no_mangle]
 pub extern "system" fn Java_io_unom_punktfunk_kit_NativeBridge_nativeNextHidout(
@@ -85,33 +105,37 @@ pub extern "system" fn Java_io_unom_punktfunk_kit_NativeBridge_nativeNextHidout(
        // SAFETY: `ptr`/`cap` describe the direct ByteBuffer's backing store, valid for this call.
        let out = unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts_mut(ptr, cap) };

+        // out[0] = wire pad index; out[1] = kind tag; the rest is the per-kind payload.
        let n = match ev {
-            HidOutput::Led { r, g, b, .. } => {
-                if cap < 4 {
+            HidOutput::Led { pad, r, g, b } => {
+                if cap < 5 {
                    return -1;
                }
-                out[0] = TAG_LED;
-                out[1] = r;
-                out[2] = g;
-                out[3] = b;
-                4
+                out[0] = pad;
+                out[1] = TAG_LED;
+                out[2] = r;
+                out[3] = g;
+                out[4] = b;
+                5
            }
-            HidOutput::PlayerLeds { bits, .. } => {
-                if cap < 2 {
+            HidOutput::PlayerLeds { pad, bits } => {
+                if cap < 3 {
                    return -1;
                }
-                out[0] = TAG_PLAYER_LEDS;
-                out[1] = bits;
-                2
+                out[0] = pad;
+                out[1] = TAG_PLAYER_LEDS;
+                out[2] = bits;
+                3
            }
-            HidOutput::Trigger { which, effect, .. } => {
-                let n = 2 + effect.len();
+            HidOutput::Trigger { pad, which, effect } => {
+                let n = 3 + effect.len();
                if cap < n {
                    return -1; // the raw DS5 trigger block is ~11 bytes; Kotlin allocates 64
                }
-                out[0] = TAG_TRIGGER;
-                out[1] = which;
-                out[2..n].copy_from_slice(&effect);
+                out[0] = pad;
+                out[1] = TAG_TRIGGER;
+                out[2] = which;
+                out[3..n].copy_from_slice(&effect);
                n
            }
            HidOutput::TrackpadHaptic { .. } => {
@@ -161,6 +161,9 @@ pub extern "system" fn Java_io_unom_punktfunk_kit_NativeBridge_nativeConnect<'lo
            }
        },
        preferred_codec.clamp(0, u8::MAX as jint) as u8,
+        // No display-volume forwarding from Android yet (the panel tone-maps PQ itself via the
+        // Surface dataspace + static metadata) — the host keeps its virtual-display EDID defaults.
+        None,
        launch,   // a store-qualified library id to boot into a game, or None for the desktop
        pin,      // Some → Crypto on host-fp mismatch
        identity, // owned (cert, key) PEM, or None (anonymous)
@@ -145,13 +145,19 @@ pub extern "system" fn Java_io_unom_punktfunk_kit_NativeBridge_nativeSendKey(
 }

 // ---- Gamepad: Kotlin captures (KeyEvent/MotionEvent) → NativeClient::send_input ---------------
-// Single-pad model: exactly one controller, forwarded as pad 0 (flags = 0). Buttons carry the
-// gamepad::BTN_* bit in `code` and pressed/released in `x` (1/0); axes carry the gamepad::AXIS_* id
-// in `code` and the value in `x` (sticks i16 −32768..32767, +y = up; triggers 0..255). The host
-// accumulates the incremental events into its virtual xpad. Wire contract: input.rs::gamepad.
+// Multi-pad model: each physical controller is forwarded on its own wire pad index (0..15), carried
+// in the low byte of `flags` on every per-pad event — the Kotlin side (`GamepadRouter`) assigns a
+// stable lowest-free index per Android device and threads it here. Buttons carry the gamepad::BTN_*
+// bit in `code` and pressed/released in `x` (1/0); axes carry the gamepad::AXIS_* id in `code` and
+// the value in `x` (sticks i16 −32768..32767, +y = up; triggers 0..255). The host accumulates the
+// incremental events per pad into a matching virtual device. The core input task folds these into
+// the seq'd GamepadState snapshots (keyed on this same `flags` index) and owns the per-pad seq — so
+// the only thing this layer must get right is the index. Wire contract: input.rs::gamepad. A single
+// controller lands on index 0, so its wire is byte-identical to the old single-pad path.

-/// `NativeBridge.nativeSendGamepadButton(handle, bit, down)` — one gamepad button transition.
-/// `bit`: a `gamepad::BTN_*` bit (e.g. BTN_A = 0x1000). `down`: 1=press, 0=release.
+/// `NativeBridge.nativeSendGamepadButton(handle, bit, down, pad)` — one gamepad button transition on
+/// wire pad index `pad`. `bit`: a `gamepad::BTN_*` bit (e.g. BTN_A = 0x1000). `down`: 1=press,
+/// 0=release. `pad`: wire pad index 0..15 (rides `flags`).
 #[no_mangle]
 pub extern "system" fn Java_io_unom_punktfunk_kit_NativeBridge_nativeSendGamepadButton(
    _env: JNIEnv,
@@ -159,21 +165,21 @@ pub extern "system" fn Java_io_unom_punktfunk_kit_NativeBridge_nativeSendGamepad
    handle: jlong,
    bit: jint,
    down: jboolean,
+    pad: jint,
 ) {
-    // flags = 0: pad index 0 — single-pad model.
    send_event(
        handle,
        InputKind::GamepadButton,
        bit as u32,
        i32::from(down != 0),
        0,
-        0,
+        pad as u32,
    );
 }

-/// `NativeBridge.nativeSendGamepadAxis(handle, axisId, value)` — one gamepad axis update.
-/// `axisId`: a `gamepad::AXIS_*` id (LS_X=0..RT=5). `value`: stick i16 (−32768..32767, +y=up) or
-/// trigger 0..255.
+/// `NativeBridge.nativeSendGamepadAxis(handle, axisId, value, pad)` — one gamepad axis update on wire
+/// pad index `pad`. `axisId`: a `gamepad::AXIS_*` id (LS_X=0..RT=5). `value`: stick i16
+/// (−32768..32767, +y=up) or trigger 0..255. `pad`: wire pad index 0..15 (rides `flags`).
 #[no_mangle]
 pub extern "system" fn Java_io_unom_punktfunk_kit_NativeBridge_nativeSendGamepadAxis(
    _env: JNIEnv,
@@ -181,7 +187,52 @@ pub extern "system" fn Java_io_unom_punktfunk_kit_NativeBridge_nativeSendGamepad
    handle: jlong,
    axis_id: jint,
    value: jint,
+    pad: jint,
 ) {
-    // flags = 0: pad index 0 — single-pad model.
-    send_event(handle, InputKind::GamepadAxis, axis_id as u32, value, 0, 0);
+    send_event(
+        handle,
+        InputKind::GamepadAxis,
+        axis_id as u32,
+        value,
+        0,
+        pad as u32,
+    );
+}
+
+/// `NativeBridge.nativeSendGamepadArrival(handle, pref, pad)` — declare the controller KIND presented
+/// on wire pad index `pad` so the host builds a matching virtual device (mixed types — pad 0 a
+/// DualSense, pad 1 an Xbox pad). `pref`: the `GamepadPref` wire byte (rides `code`). `pad`: wire pad
+/// index 0..15 (rides `flags`). Sent ONCE when a pad opens, BEFORE any of its input; the core re-sends
+/// it a few times against datagram loss, and an older host ignores the unknown tag (that pad then uses
+/// the session-default kind from the handshake — the pre-existing single-pad behaviour on pad 0).
+#[no_mangle]
+pub extern "system" fn Java_io_unom_punktfunk_kit_NativeBridge_nativeSendGamepadArrival(
+    _env: JNIEnv,
+    _this: JObject,
+    handle: jlong,
+    pref: jint,
+    pad: jint,
+) {
+    send_event(
+        handle,
+        InputKind::GamepadArrival,
+        pref as u32,
+        0,
+        0,
+        pad as u32,
+    );
+}
+
+/// `NativeBridge.nativeSendGamepadRemove(handle, pad)` — signal that wire pad index `pad` was
+/// unplugged so the host tears its virtual device down. `pad` (rides `flags`) is the only field; the
+/// core stamps the per-pad seq (in the snapshot seq space, so a reordered snapshot can't resurrect the
+/// pad) and arms a re-send burst against datagram loss. An older host ignores the unknown tag.
+#[no_mangle]
+pub extern "system" fn Java_io_unom_punktfunk_kit_NativeBridge_nativeSendGamepadRemove(
+    _env: JNIEnv,
+    _this: JObject,
+    handle: jlong,
+    pad: jint,
+) {
+    send_event(handle, InputKind::GamepadRemove, 0, 0, 0, pad as u32);
 }
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ in the workspace root.
 **The only change** is in `src/media/media_codec.rs`: `MediaCodec::as_ptr` is made
 `pub` (upstream keeps it private) so the Android client can register
 `AMediaCodec_setOnFrameRenderedCallback` through `ndk-sys` — the render-timestamp
-callback behind the HUD's `display` stage (`design/stats-unification.md`), which the
+callback behind the HUD's `display` stage (punktfunk-planning: `stats-unification.md`), which the
 wrapper doesn't expose. Grep for `punktfunk vendored patch` to find it.

 Drop this vendor copy when upstream exposes the raw pointer or a frame-rendered
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ impl InputQueue {
                looper.ptr().as_ptr(),
                id,
                None,
-                std::ptr::null_mut(),
+                ptr::null_mut(),
            )
        }
    }
@@ -9,7 +9,11 @@ use std::{
    slice,
 };

-use crate::media_error::{MediaError, Result};
+use crate::media_error::MediaError;
+// `Result` is only referenced by the api-level-29 methods below; an ungated import warns
+// (unused_imports) on every default-feature build.
+#[cfg(feature = "api-level-29")]
+use crate::media_error::Result;

 /// A native [`AMediaFormat *`]
 ///
@@ -2,24 +2,22 @@
 <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
 <plist version="1.0">
 <dict>
-	<!-- Custom keys merged into the auto-generated Info.plist (GENERATE_INFOPLIST_FILE=YES
-	     supplies the rest). NSBonjourServices is required for NWBrowser to browse this
-	     service type on iOS/tvOS — without it the system blocks the browse and discovery
-	     returns nothing. Kept OUT of the synchronized App/ + Sources/ groups so it isn't
-	     auto-added as a bundle resource (which collides with Info.plist processing). -->
+	<key>CADisableMinimumFrameDurationOnPhone</key>
+	<true/>
+	<key>GCSupportedGameControllers</key>
+	<array>
+		<dict>
+			<key>ProfileName</key>
+			<string>ExtendedGamepad</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>ProfileName</key>
+			<string>MicroGamepad</string>
+		</dict>
+	</array>
 	<key>NSBonjourServices</key>
 	<array>
 		<string>_punktfunk._udp</string>
 	</array>
-	<!-- Standard-algorithm crypto only (AES-GCM via the Rust core) — exempt from export
-	     compliance, but the key must be declared or every TestFlight build stalls on the
-	     compliance question. -->
-	<key>ITSAppUsesNonExemptEncryption</key>
-	<false/>
-	<!-- Allow CADisplayLink above 60 Hz on ProMotion iPhones: without this key the system
-	     silently caps the link at 60 even when SessionPresenter asks for the stream's rate
-	     via preferredFrameRateRange, so a 120 fps stream would present at half rate. -->
-	<key>CADisableMinimumFrameDurationOnPhone</key>
-	<true/>
 </dict>
 </plist>
@@ -14,19 +14,11 @@
 	<!-- Wake-on-LAN needs to send a UDP broadcast magic packet (a sleeping host has no ARP
 	     entry, so unicast can't wake it). Since iOS 14 / tvOS 14 the OS blocks sending to
 	     broadcast/multicast addresses unless the app carries this managed entitlement — it must
-	     be requested from and approved by Apple for the App ID, then enabled in the provisioning
-	     profile. macOS is not gated by this (its App Sandbox network.client/server cover it).
-
-	     GATED pending Apple's approval of the request (form filed) — an unauthorized managed
-	     entitlement breaks iOS/tvOS signing, so it's commented out to keep those apps releasable.
-	     ON APPROVAL: (1) uncomment the two lines below, and (2) flip
-	     PunktfunkConnection.wakeOnLANAvailable (PunktfunkConnection.swift) to enable the iOS/tvOS
-	     wake path + UI. Until then iOS/tvOS Wake-on-LAN is a clean no-op — MACs are still learned
-	     from mDNS so it works immediately once ungated. macOS is unaffected (separate entitlements
-	     file, no multicast entitlement needed). -->
-	<!--
+	     be approved by Apple for the App ID and enabled in the provisioning profile. macOS is not
+	     gated by this (its App Sandbox network.client/server cover it), hence its separate file.
+	     Approved and provisioned, so it's enabled here and PunktfunkConnection.wakeOnLANAvailable
+	     is true on iOS/tvOS too. -->
 	<key>com.apple.developer.networking.multicast</key>
 	<true/>
-	-->
 </dict>
 </plist>
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ let package = Package(
        // its manifest breaks SwiftPM whole-graph validation on macOS, and only the
        // Punktfunk-tvOS target links it; the #if os(tvOS) import never compiles here.)
        .executableTarget(name: "PunktfunkClient", dependencies: ["PunktfunkKit"]),
-        .testTarget(name: "PunktfunkKitTests", dependencies: ["PunktfunkKit"]),
+        // PunktfunkCore is a direct dep too so the wire tests can name the C ABI's
+        // `PunktfunkInputEvent` / `PUNKTFUNK_INPUT_KIND_*` when asserting the gamepad byte layout.
+        .testTarget(name: "PunktfunkKitTests", dependencies: ["PunktfunkKit", "PunktfunkCore"]),
    ]
 )
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
 					"$(inherited)",
 					"@executable_path/../Frameworks",
 				);
-				MARKETING_VERSION = 0.1;
+				MARKETING_VERSION = 0.9.1;
 				PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER = io.unom.punktfunk;
 				PRODUCT_NAME = "$(TARGET_NAME)";
 				SUPPORTED_PLATFORMS = macosx;
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@
 					"$(inherited)",
 					"@executable_path/../Frameworks",
 				);
-				MARKETING_VERSION = 0.1;
+				MARKETING_VERSION = 0.9.1;
 				PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER = io.unom.punktfunk;
 				PRODUCT_NAME = "$(TARGET_NAME)";
 				SUPPORTED_PLATFORMS = macosx;
@@ -436,6 +436,7 @@
 				INFOPLIST_KEY_CFBundleDisplayName = Punktfunk;
 				INFOPLIST_KEY_GCSupportsControllerUserInteraction = YES;
 				INFOPLIST_KEY_GCSupportsGameMode = YES;
+				INFOPLIST_KEY_ITSAppUsesNonExemptEncryption = NO;
 				INFOPLIST_KEY_LSApplicationCategoryType = "public.app-category.games";
 				INFOPLIST_KEY_NSLocalNetworkUsageDescription = "Punktfunk connects directly to your punktfunk host on the local network to stream video, audio, and input.";
 				INFOPLIST_KEY_NSMicrophoneUsageDescription = "Your microphone is streamed to the connected punktfunk host, where it appears as a virtual microphone.";
@@ -449,7 +450,7 @@
 					"$(inherited)",
 					"@executable_path/Frameworks",
 				);
-				MARKETING_VERSION = 0.1;
+				MARKETING_VERSION = 0.9.1;
 				PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER = io.unom.punktfunk;
 				PRODUCT_NAME = "$(TARGET_NAME)";
 				SDKROOT = iphoneos;
@@ -477,6 +478,7 @@
 				INFOPLIST_KEY_CFBundleDisplayName = Punktfunk;
 				INFOPLIST_KEY_GCSupportsControllerUserInteraction = YES;
 				INFOPLIST_KEY_GCSupportsGameMode = YES;
+				INFOPLIST_KEY_ITSAppUsesNonExemptEncryption = NO;
 				INFOPLIST_KEY_LSApplicationCategoryType = "public.app-category.games";
 				INFOPLIST_KEY_NSLocalNetworkUsageDescription = "Punktfunk connects directly to your punktfunk host on the local network to stream video, audio, and input.";
 				INFOPLIST_KEY_NSMicrophoneUsageDescription = "Your microphone is streamed to the connected punktfunk host, where it appears as a virtual microphone.";
@@ -490,7 +492,7 @@
 					"$(inherited)",
 					"@executable_path/Frameworks",
 				);
-				MARKETING_VERSION = 0.1;
+				MARKETING_VERSION = 0.9.1;
 				PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER = io.unom.punktfunk;
 				PRODUCT_NAME = "$(TARGET_NAME)";
 				SDKROOT = iphoneos;
@@ -522,7 +524,7 @@
 					"$(inherited)",
 					"@executable_path/Frameworks",
 				);
-				MARKETING_VERSION = 0.1;
+				MARKETING_VERSION = 0.9.1;
 				PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER = io.unom.punktfunk;
 				PRODUCT_NAME = "$(TARGET_NAME)";
 				SDKROOT = appletvos;
@@ -552,7 +554,7 @@
 					"$(inherited)",
 					"@executable_path/Frameworks",
 				);
-				MARKETING_VERSION = 0.1;
+				MARKETING_VERSION = 0.9.1;
 				PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER = io.unom.punktfunk;
 				PRODUCT_NAME = "$(TARGET_NAME)";
 				SDKROOT = appletvos;
@@ -49,6 +49,13 @@
            ReferencedContainer = "container:Punktfunk.xcodeproj">
         </BuildableReference>
      </BuildableProductRunnable>
+      <EnvironmentVariables>
+         <EnvironmentVariable
+            key = "PUNKTFUNK_BILINEAR_LUMA"
+            value = "1"
+            isEnabled = "YES">
+         </EnvironmentVariable>
+      </EnvironmentVariables>
   </LaunchAction>
   <ProfileAction
      buildConfiguration = "Release"
@@ -122,7 +122,8 @@ PUNKTFUNK_AUTOCONNECT=<box-ip> PUNKTFUNK_MODE=1280x720x60 swift run PunktfunkCli
 - **App Store screenshots** are automated — `tools/screenshots.sh all` renders the real UI at the
  required pixel sizes via a DEBUG-only shot mode; the `apple` CI workflow captures the iOS sizes on
  every main push. See the script header for details.
- Deeper design notes live in [`design/apple-stage2-presenter.md`](../../design/apple-stage2-presenter.md).
+- Deeper design notes live in the internal planning repo (punktfunk-planning:
+  `apple-stage2-presenter.md`).

 ## Related

@@ -31,8 +31,15 @@ struct ContentView: View {
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.codec) private var codec = "auto"
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.hdrEnabled) private var hdrEnabled = true
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.fullscreenWhileStreaming) private var fullscreenWhileStreaming = true
-    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.hudEnabled) private var hudEnabled = true
+    // The raw string is what @AppStorage observes (so cycles from any surface re-render this
+    // view); the absent-key default runs the legacy-hudEnabled migration once per init.
+    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.statsVerbosity) private var statsVerbosityRaw
+        = StatsVerbosity.current.rawValue
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.hudPlacement) private var hudPlacement = HUDPlacement.topTrailing.rawValue
+    /// The persisted overlay tier (unknown raw falls back to .normal, like the migration).
+    private var statsVerbosity: StatsVerbosity {
+        StatsVerbosity(rawValue: statsVerbosityRaw) ?? .normal
+    }
    /// The `codec` setting as a `PUNKTFUNK_CODEC_*` soft-preference byte (`0` = auto).
    private var preferredCodecByte: UInt8 {
        switch codec {
@@ -53,7 +60,8 @@ struct ContentView: View {
    @State private var speedTestTarget: StoredHost?
    @State private var libraryTarget: StoredHost?
    /// Wakes a sleeping host and waits for it to come back online before connecting (drives the
-    /// "Waking…" overlay). macOS-only in practice — WoL is gated off on iOS/tvOS.
+    /// "Waking…" phase of the connect overlay). Available on every platform now that the iOS/tvOS
+    /// multicast entitlement is granted (see PunktfunkConnection.wakeOnLANAvailable).
    @StateObject private var waker = HostWaker()
    #if os(macOS)
    /// Whether the hosting window is native-fullscreen right now (reported by
@@ -61,25 +69,32 @@ struct ContentView: View {
    /// edge-to-edge (behind the notch); windowed respects the top inset so the title bar
    /// never covers the video.
    @State private var isFullscreen = false
+    #endif
+    #if os(macOS) || os(tvOS)
    /// Shows the start-of-stream shortcut banner (the Windows client's discoverability
    /// pattern): raised on every transition to `.streaming`, dropped by the banner's own
    /// 6-second task. Independent of the stats HUD so the keys are discoverable even with
-    /// statistics off.
+    /// statistics off. On tvOS it carries the ONLY exits (hold Back / the pad chord) plus
+    /// the remote-as-pointer controls, so it must be seen at least once per session.
    @State private var showShortcutHint = false
    #endif
    #if !os(macOS)
    @State private var showSettings = false
    #endif
-    #if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
    // A connected controller (+ the Settings toggle) swaps the whole home screen for
    // GamepadHomeView instead of retrofitting HomeView's touch/desktop UI — see `home` below.
+    // On tvOS the same screens are focus-engine-driven, so the Siri Remote keeps working;
+    // with no (extended) controller attached tvOS falls back to HomeView as before.
    @ObservedObject private var gamepadManager = GamepadManager.shared
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.gamepadUIEnabled) private var gamepadUIEnabled = true
+    /// Auto-wake on connect (Settings → General). On (default): a dial to an offline saved host
+    /// fires Wake-on-LAN up front and falls into the "Waking…" wait if the dial fails. Off: connects
+    /// go straight through with no wake. The explicit "Wake Host" action is unaffected either way.
+    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.autoWake) private var autoWakeEnabled = true
    private var gamepadUIActive: Bool {
        GamepadUIEnvironment.isActive(
            gamepadConnected: gamepadManager.active != nil, enabledSetting: gamepadUIEnabled)
    }
-    #endif

    var body: some View {
        Group {
@@ -101,7 +116,7 @@ struct ContentView: View {
        .onChange(of: model.phase) { _, phase in
            switch phase {
            case .streaming:
-                #if os(macOS)
+                #if os(macOS) || os(tvOS)
                showShortcutHint = true // the 6 s shortcut banner, per session start
                #endif
                // A session actually started — remember it on the card ("Connected … ago"
@@ -249,9 +264,26 @@ struct ContentView: View {
    }

    private var home: some View {
-        // The "Waking…" overlay rides over BOTH home UIs (and the pre-connect window is still
-        // `home`, so it covers the whole wake→online→connect sequence).
-        homeBase.overlay { WakeOverlay(waker: waker) }
+        // The full-screen connect takeover rides over BOTH home UIs (and the pre-connect window is
+        // still `home`, so it covers the whole dial → wake → online → connect sequence): instant
+        // "Connecting…" feedback on any dial, flowing seamlessly into the "Waking…" wait if the host
+        // turns out to be asleep.
+        homeBase.overlay {
+            ConnectOverlay(
+                connectingHostName: connectingOverlayName,
+                waker: waker,
+                gamepadUI: gamepadUIActive,
+                onCancelConnect: { model.disconnect() })
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// The host label for the connect takeover's "Connecting…" phase — a plain dial in flight. Nil
+    /// during the delegated-approval wait (that has its own "Waiting for approval" prompt, so the
+    /// takeover must not stack over it) and, of course, when idle or streaming.
+    private var connectingOverlayName: String? {
+        guard awaitingApproval == nil, model.phase == .connecting, let host = model.activeHost
+        else { return nil }
+        return host.displayName
    }

    @ViewBuilder private var homeBase: some View {
@@ -271,13 +303,30 @@ struct ContentView: View {
                    onPaired: handlePaired, onLaunchTitle: launchTitle, wake: { wakeOnly($0) })
            }
        }
-        #elseif os(iOS)
+        #else
        Group {
            if gamepadUIActive {
                GamepadHomeView(
                    store: store, model: model, discovery: discovery,
                    libraryTarget: $libraryTarget, waker: waker,
                    connect: { connect($0) }, connectDiscovered: connectDiscovered)
+                // On tvOS pairing/library normally present from HomeView's navigationDestinations
+                // — which aren't mounted while the gamepad launcher is up. Give the launcher its
+                // own presenters (exactly one of the two homes is mounted at a time, so these can
+                // never double-present against HomeView's routes). Menu closes a cover the same
+                // way B backs out elsewhere; PairSheet's own onDisappear cancels a live ceremony.
+                #if os(tvOS)
+                .fullScreenCover(item: $pairingTarget) { host in
+                    PairSheet(host: host) { fingerprint in handlePaired(host, fingerprint: fingerprint) }
+                        .onExitCommand { pairingTarget = nil }
+                }
+                .fullScreenCover(item: $libraryTarget) { host in
+                    NavigationStack {
+                        LibraryView(store: store, host: host, onLaunch: { launchTitle(host, $0) })
+                    }
+                    .onExitCommand { libraryTarget = nil }
+                }
+                #endif
            } else {
                HomeView(
                    store: store, model: model, discovery: discovery,
@@ -288,14 +337,6 @@ struct ContentView: View {
                    onPaired: handlePaired, onLaunchTitle: launchTitle, wake: { wakeOnly($0) })
            }
        }
-        #else
-        HomeView(
-            store: store, model: model, discovery: discovery,
-            showAddHost: $showAddHost, pairingTarget: $pairingTarget,
-            speedTestTarget: $speedTestTarget, libraryTarget: $libraryTarget,
-            showSettings: $showSettings,
-            connect: { connect($0) }, connectDiscovered: connectDiscovered,
-            onPaired: handlePaired, onLaunchTitle: launchTitle, wake: { wakeOnly($0) })
        #endif
    }

@@ -308,12 +349,25 @@ struct ContentView: View {
        }()
        return ZStack {
            stream(captureEnabled: pendingFingerprint == nil)
-                .blur(radius: pendingFingerprint != nil ? 32 : 0)
+                // Blur the live stream during the trust prompt (heavy) and during a resize (lighter
+                // — the deliberate "hold on" while the host rebuilds its pipeline and the decoder
+                // re-inits on the new-mode IDR). Only the resize blur animates; the trust blur snaps
+                // as before (its own overlay handles the transition).
+                .blur(radius: pendingFingerprint != nil ? 32 : (model.resizing ? 16 : 0))
+                .animation(.easeInOut(duration: 0.22), value: model.resizing)
                .overlay {
                    if pendingFingerprint != nil {
                        Color.black.opacity(0.45)
                    }
                }
+                // The resize spinner rides over the (blurred) stream; suppressed under the trust
+                // prompt, which owns the screen. It never hit-tests, so window-drag resizes keep
+                // steering and the next click still reaches the stream.
+                .overlay {
+                    if pendingFingerprint == nil {
+                        ResizeIndicatorView(active: model.resizing)
+                    }
+                }
            if let fp = pendingFingerprint {
                TrustCardView(
                    fingerprint: fp,
@@ -355,11 +409,14 @@ struct ContentView: View {
        #else
        .background(Color.black)
        .ignoresSafeArea()
-        // Siri Remote MENU = disconnect (the idiomatic tvOS "back"). With no focusable
-        // disconnect control during play, the controller's buttons flow to the host instead of
-        // driving the focus engine. NOTE: a game controller's Menu is also forwarded to the
-        // host as Start — the Siri Remote is the intended disconnect path.
-        .onExitCommand { model.disconnect() }
+        // SWALLOW Menu/B during a session — a game controller's B button ALSO surfaces as this
+        // UIKit menu press, so the old instant-disconnect here ended the session on every B
+        // press in gameplay. The button still reaches the host via GamepadCapture; the
+        // DELIBERATE exits are holding the remote's Back ≥ 1 s (SiriRemotePointer) and holding
+        // L1+R1+Start+Select ≥ 1.5 s on a pad (GamepadCapture's escape chord), both surfaced by
+        // the start-of-stream banner. The empty handler is what keeps the press from bubbling
+        // out and suspending the app.
+        .onExitCommand {}
        #endif
    }

@@ -388,26 +445,51 @@ struct ContentView: View {
                    onSessionEnd: { [weak model] in
                        Task { @MainActor in model?.sessionEnded() }
                    },
+                    // Resize overlay START — the follower is main-actor, so this drives the blur
+                    // + spinner synchronously the instant the window differs from the live mode.
+                    onResizeTarget: { [weak model] w, h in
+                        model?.resizeTargeted(width: w, height: h)
+                    },
+                    // Resize overlay END — the coded dims of each new-mode IDR, reported from the
+                    // decode pump thread; hop to the main actor to clear the overlay.
+                    onDecodedSize: { [weak model] w, h in
+                        Task { @MainActor in model?.resizeDecoded(width: w, height: h) }
+                    },
                    endToEndMeter: model.endToEnd,
                    decodeMeter: model.decodeStage,
                    displayMeter: model.displayStage
                )
                .overlay(alignment: placement.alignment) {
-                    if captureEnabled && hudEnabled {
-                        StreamHUDView(model: model, connection: conn, placement: placement)
+                    // The stats overlay MORPHS between tiers and SCALES UP on enter. With no `.id`, a
+                    // verbosity change keeps the same StreamHUDView identity, so its one shared glass
+                    // card animates its frame/shape to the new tier (a morph) instead of cross-fading a
+                    // fresh card in. The `.transition` therefore fires only on the off↔on boundary — a
+                    // scale-up (0.8→1) from the HUD's own corner. The ZStack is the stable host the
+                    // `.animation` watches as the child enters/leaves and morphs.
+                    ZStack {
+                        if captureEnabled && statsVerbosity != .off {
+                            StreamHUDView(
+                                model: model, connection: conn, placement: placement,
+                                verbosity: statsVerbosity)
+                                .transition(
+                                    .scale(scale: 0.8, anchor: placement.unitPoint)
+                                        .combined(with: .opacity))
+                        }
                    }
+                    .animation(.smooth(duration: 0.28), value: statsVerbosity)
                }
-                #if os(macOS)
-                // The start-of-stream shortcut banner (Windows-client parity): the full
-                // reserved key set on a glass pill, bottom-centre, for the first 6 seconds of
+                #if os(macOS) || os(tvOS)
+                // The start-of-stream shortcut banner (Windows-client parity): the platform's
+                // reserved controls on a glass pill, bottom-centre, for the first 6 seconds of
                // every session — independent of the stats HUD, so the keys are discoverable
                // even with statistics off. The banner's own task drops it (cancelled cleanly
-                // if the session view goes away first).
+                // if the session view goes away first). On tvOS it carries the ONLY exits —
+                // Menu/B is swallowed during a session (the `.onExitCommand {}` in the tvOS
+                // session branch), so the hold gestures must be told to the user.
                .overlay(alignment: .bottom) {
                    if captureEnabled && showShortcutHint {
-                        Text("Click the stream to capture · ⌃⌥⇧Q releases the mouse · "
-                            + "⌃⌥⇧D disconnects · ⌃⌥⇧S stats")
-                            .font(.geist(12, relativeTo: .caption))
+                        Text(Self.shortcutHintText)
+                            .font(.geist(Self.shortcutHintFont, relativeTo: .caption))
                            .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                            .padding(.horizontal, 14)
                            .padding(.vertical, 8)
@@ -422,17 +504,18 @@ struct ContentView: View {
                }
                #endif
                #if os(iOS)
-                // Touch users have no menu / ⌘D, so when the HUD (and its Disconnect button)
-                // is hidden, keep a minimal always-reachable exit in a corner. It rides a
-                // material disc (like the HUD) so the glyph stays legible over a bright frame
-                // — this is the sole touch disconnect path when stats are off.
+                // Touch users have no menu / ⌘D, so when the HUD's Disconnect button isn't on
+                // screen — the overlay off, or the compact pill (which carries no button) —
+                // keep a minimal always-reachable exit in a corner. It rides a material disc
+                // (like the HUD) so the glyph stays legible over a bright frame — this is the
+                // sole touch disconnect path in those tiers.
                .overlay(alignment: .topLeading) {
-                    if captureEnabled && !hudEnabled {
+                    if captureEnabled && (statsVerbosity == .off || statsVerbosity == .compact) {
                        Button { model.disconnect() } label: {
                            Image(systemName: "xmark")
                                .font(.headline.weight(.semibold))
                                .frame(width: 36, height: 36)
-                                // Sole touch exit when the HUD is off — a floating glass disc
+                                // Sole touch exit in the off/compact tiers — a floating glass disc
                                // over the frame (26+, material fallback). interactive: the disc
                                // IS the tap target, so the glass reacts to press.
                                .glassBackground(Circle(), interactive: true)
@@ -450,6 +533,17 @@ struct ContentView: View {
        }
    }

+    #if os(macOS)
+    private static let shortcutHintText =
+        "Click the stream to capture · ⌃⌥⇧Q releases the mouse · ⌃⌥⇧D disconnects · ⌃⌥⇧S stats"
+    private static let shortcutHintFont: CGFloat = 12
+    #elseif os(tvOS)
+    private static let shortcutHintText =
+        "Hold the remote's Back button — or L1+R1+Start+Select on a controller — to disconnect"
+        + " · Touch surface moves the pointer · press clicks · Play/Pause right-clicks"
+    private static let shortcutHintFont: CGFloat = 22 // read from the couch
+    #endif
+
    // MARK: - Connect

    private func connect(_ host: StoredHost, launchID: String? = nil, allowTofu: Bool? = nil) {
@@ -495,7 +589,8 @@ struct ContentView: View {
        // packet up front, so a genuinely-asleep host is waking while the connect times out; only
        // when that dial FAILS do we fall into the visible "Waking…" wait — a cold box takes far
        // longer to boot than a connect will sit — and redial once it's back on mDNS.
-        if PunktfunkConnection.wakeOnLANAvailable, !host.wakeMacs.isEmpty, !discovery.advertises(host) {
+        if autoWakeEnabled, PunktfunkConnection.wakeOnLANAvailable,
+           !host.wakeMacs.isEmpty, !discovery.advertises(host) {
            discovery.start() // so the wake-wait can observe it reappear
            startSessionDirect(
                host, launchID: launchID, allowTofu: allowTofu,
@@ -552,7 +647,9 @@ struct ContentView: View {
    private func prepareWake(for host: StoredHost) {
        if let live = discovery.hosts.first(where: { host.matches($0) }) {
            store.updateMacs(host.id, macs: live.macAddresses) // learn — on every platform
-        } else if PunktfunkConnection.wakeOnLANAvailable, !host.wakeMacs.isEmpty {
+        } else if autoWakeEnabled, PunktfunkConnection.wakeOnLANAvailable, !host.wakeMacs.isEmpty {
+            // Auto-wake only: fire the up-front packet so a genuinely-asleep host is booting while the
+            // dial times out. With auto-wake off, connects go straight through (no packet).
            let macs = host.wakeMacs
            let ip = host.address
            DispatchQueue.global(qos: .userInitiated).async {
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+// The unified "getting you connected" overlay — one look for BOTH phases of reaching a host, so the
+// user gets feedback the instant they pick one and it flows seamlessly into a wake if the host turns
+// out to be asleep. The Apple mirror of the Android client's `ConnectOverlay` and the shared console
+// UI's connect/wake takeover; it replaces the old centered-card `WakeOverlay`.
+//
+//   - Connecting (`connectingHostName` non-nil): the dial is in flight. Shown immediately on activate
+//     so a host that takes a beat to answer no longer looks like nothing happened.
+//   - Waking (`waker.waking` non-nil): the dial failed on a sleeping host, so we're firing
+//     Wake-on-LAN and waiting for it to advertise again, escalating to a retry/cancel prompt on
+//     timeout.
+//
+// Presentation is mode-aware: the gamepad ("console") UI gets a full-screen aurora takeover — the
+// same living backdrop the console home wears, so it reads as a deliberate 10-foot moment; the
+// default touch/desktop UI gets a Liquid Glass modal over a dim scrim, which sits right at home among
+// the app's other floating surfaces (the trust card, the HUD) instead of a full-screen aurora that
+// looked out of place there.
+//
+// The two phases hand off within a single view update (HostWaker clears `waking` and starts the
+// connect in the same MainActor step), so the overlay never blinks between them. It swallows input to
+// the screen behind it, and on iOS/macOS the pad drives it (B cancels, A retries once timed out).
+
+import PunktfunkKit
+import SwiftUI
+
+struct ConnectOverlay: View {
+    /// Non-nil while a plain dial is in flight (the delegated-approval wait has its own prompt, so it
+    /// passes nil here). Drives the "Connecting…" phase.
+    let connectingHostName: String?
+    @ObservedObject var waker: HostWaker
+    /// The console launcher is up → full-screen aurora takeover; otherwise the default UI's Liquid
+    /// Glass modal.
+    var gamepadUI: Bool
+    /// Cancel a dial in flight — tears down the (uncancelable) connect and returns the UI; the late
+    /// result is discarded by SessionModel's connect guard.
+    var onCancelConnect: () -> Void
+
+    private enum Phase {
+        case connecting(name: String)
+        case waking(HostWaker.Waking)
+    }
+
+    /// Waking takes precedence — it only ever exists after a dial has already failed, so a stray
+    /// overlap can't strand the "Connecting…" phase over a wake in progress.
+    private var phase: Phase? {
+        if let w = waker.waking { return .waking(w) }
+        if let name = connectingHostName { return .connecting(name: name) }
+        return nil
+    }
+
+    var body: some View {
+        if let phase {
+            ZStack {
+                if gamepadUI {
+                    // Console: an opaque, living aurora over everything.
+                    Color.black.ignoresSafeArea()
+                    GamepadScreenBackground().ignoresSafeArea()
+                    Color.clear.contentShape(Rectangle()).onTapGesture {}
+                    content(phase).padding(40).frame(maxWidth: 460)
+                } else {
+                    // Default UI: a Liquid Glass modal over a dim scrim.
+                    Rectangle().fill(.black.opacity(0.5)).ignoresSafeArea()
+                        .contentShape(Rectangle()).onTapGesture {}
+                    content(phase)
+                        .padding(28)
+                        .frame(maxWidth: 380)
+                        .glassBackground(RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 26, style: .continuous))
+                        .overlay(
+                            RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 26, style: .continuous)
+                                .strokeBorder(.white.opacity(0.12), lineWidth: 1))
+                        .padding(40)
+                }
+            }
+            .environment(\.colorScheme, .dark)
+            .transition(.opacity)
+            #if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
+            .background { ConnectControllerInput(waker: waker, onCancelConnect: onCancelConnect) }
+            #endif
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ViewBuilder private func content(_ phase: Phase) -> some View {
+        // The takeover carries larger type than the compact modal.
+        let titleSize: CGFloat = gamepadUI ? 24 : 19
+        let bodySize: CGFloat = gamepadUI ? 14 : 13
+        VStack(spacing: gamepadUI ? 16 : 14) {
+            switch phase {
+            case .connecting(let name):
+                ProgressView().controlSize(.large).tint(.white)
+                Text("Connecting to \(name)")
+                    .font(.geist(titleSize, .bold, relativeTo: .title3)).foregroundStyle(.white)
+                    .multilineTextAlignment(.center)
+                Text("Establishing a secure connection…")
+                    .font(.geist(bodySize, relativeTo: .caption)).foregroundStyle(.white.opacity(0.6))
+                Button("Cancel") { onCancelConnect() }.buttonStyle(.bordered).padding(.top, 6)
+            case .waking(let w) where w.timedOut:
+                Image(systemName: "moon.zzz.fill")
+                    .font(.system(size: gamepadUI ? 40 : 34)).foregroundStyle(.white.opacity(0.9))
+                Text("\(w.hostName) didn't wake")
+                    .font(.geist(titleSize, .bold, relativeTo: .title3)).foregroundStyle(.white)
+                    .multilineTextAlignment(.center)
+                Text("It may still be booting, or it's powered off / off this network.")
+                    .font(.geist(bodySize, relativeTo: .caption)).foregroundStyle(.white.opacity(0.6))
+                    .multilineTextAlignment(.center)
+                HStack(spacing: 12) {
+                    Button("Cancel") { waker.cancel() }.buttonStyle(.bordered)
+                    Button("Try Again") { waker.retry() }.glassProminentButtonStyle()
+                }
+                .padding(.top, 6)
+            case .waking(let w):
+                ProgressView().controlSize(.large).tint(.white)
+                Text("Waking \(w.hostName)…")
+                    .font(.geist(titleSize, .bold, relativeTo: .title3)).foregroundStyle(.white)
+                    .multilineTextAlignment(.center)
+                Text("Waiting for it to come online · \(w.seconds)s")
+                    .font(.geistFixed(bodySize)).foregroundStyle(.white.opacity(0.6)).monospacedDigit()
+                // A wake-only wait (no dial after) offers "Stop Waiting"; a wake-&-connect is "Cancel".
+                Button(w.connectsAfter ? "Cancel" : "Stop Waiting") { waker.cancel() }
+                    .buttonStyle(.bordered).padding(.top, 6)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
+/// Controller binding for the overlay: B cancels whatever's in flight (a dial or the wake wait); A
+/// retries once a wake has timed out. The closures read the live state on each press, so they stay
+/// correct across the Connecting ↔ Waking handoff without the view re-mounting. A zero-size backing
+/// view owning a `GamepadMenuInput` for the overlay's lifetime (the home is gated inactive while the
+/// overlay is up, so nothing else is consuming the pad).
+private struct ConnectControllerInput: View {
+    @ObservedObject var waker: HostWaker
+    var onCancelConnect: () -> Void
+    @State private var input = GamepadMenuInput(manager: .shared)
+
+    var body: some View {
+        Color.clear
+            .onAppear {
+                input.onBack = { if waker.waking != nil { waker.cancel() } else { onCancelConnect() } }
+                input.onConfirm = { if waker.waking?.timedOut == true { waker.retry() } }
+                input.start()
+            }
+            .onDisappear { input.stop() }
+    }
+}
+#endif
@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
-// The gamepad-driven "Add Host" screen (iOS/iPadOS/macOS) — the controller counterpart of
+// The gamepad-driven "Add Host" screen (iOS/iPadOS/macOS/tvOS) — the controller counterpart of
 // AddHostSheet, reached from the launcher's Add Host tile. Three field rows (name / address /
 // port) plus the Add action, navigated with the same vertical focus list as the gamepad settings;
 // A on a field opens GamepadKeyboard in a bottom tray, so a host can be registered end to end
 // without touching the screen. Field edits are live (the row shows every keystroke); B closes the
 // keyboard first, then cancels the screen — the same "back peels one layer" rule as a console UI.
+// tvOS swaps the custom keyboard tray for the SYSTEM fullscreen keyboard (TVTextEntry): unlike
+// iOS/macOS, tvOS HAS a first-class controller/remote-drivable text entry, so the native one wins.

 import PunktfunkKit
 import SwiftUI
-#if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
+#if os(iOS) || os(macOS) || os(tvOS)

 struct GamepadAddHostView: View {
    @Environment(\.dismiss) private var dismiss
@@ -37,22 +39,22 @@ struct GamepadAddHostView: View {
            isActive: editing == nil
        ) { row, focused in
            rowView(row, focused: focused)
-                .frame(maxWidth: 620)
+                .frame(maxWidth: GamepadFormMetrics.rowMaxWidth)
                .padding(.horizontal, 24)
        }
        .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
        .safeAreaInset(edge: .top, spacing: 0) {
            VStack(spacing: 4) {
                Text("Add Host")
-                    .font(.geist(compact ? 20 : 30, .bold, relativeTo: .title))
+                    .font(.geist(gamepadTitleSize(compact: compact), .bold, relativeTo: .title))
                    .foregroundStyle(.white)
                if !compact {
                    Text("Hosts on this network appear automatically — add one by address "
                        + "for everything else.")
-                        .font(.geist(13, relativeTo: .caption))
+                        .font(.geist(GamepadFormMetrics.detailFont, relativeTo: .caption))
                        .foregroundStyle(.white.opacity(0.55))
                        .multilineTextAlignment(.center)
-                        .frame(maxWidth: 440)
+                        .frame(maxWidth: GamepadFormMetrics.rowMaxWidth * 0.72)
                }
            }
            .padding(.top, gamepadTitleTopPadding(compact: compact))
@@ -75,10 +77,38 @@ struct GamepadAddHostView: View {
        .onChange(of: port) { _, value in
            if value.count > 5 { port = String(value.prefix(5)) }
        }
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        // tvOS types with the SYSTEM fullscreen keyboard (TVTextEntry) instead of the custom
+        // tray — the remote and the pad both drive it natively. Same `editing` state as the
+        // tray, just a different presentation; done (or Menu, edits-stick) commits and returns.
+        .fullScreenCover(isPresented: Binding(
+            get: { editing != nil },
+            set: { if !$0 { editing = nil } })
+        ) {
+            if let field = editing {
+                TVTextEntry(
+                    title: fieldTitle(field),
+                    text: editingBinding(field).wrappedValue,
+                    keyboardType: keyboardType(field)
+                ) { value in
+                    commitEntry(field, value)
+                    editing = nil
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        #endif
    }

-    /// The keyboard tray while editing, the controls legend otherwise.
+    /// The keyboard tray while editing, the controls legend otherwise. (tvOS never shows the
+    /// tray — `editing` presents the system keyboard cover instead — so it's legend-only there.)
    @ViewBuilder private var bottomTray: some View {
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        GamepadHintBar(hints: [
+            .init(glyph: buttonGlyph(\.buttonA, fallback: "a.circle"), text: "Select"),
+            .init(glyph: buttonGlyph(\.buttonB, fallback: "b.circle"), text: "Cancel"),
+        ])
+        .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
+        #else
        if let editing {
            VStack(spacing: 10) {
                GamepadKeyboard(
@@ -104,6 +134,7 @@ struct GamepadAddHostView: View {
            ])
            .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
        }
+        #endif
    }

    /// Touch/click fallback for closing — the controller path is B, a hardware keyboard's Esc
@@ -111,14 +142,16 @@ struct GamepadAddHostView: View {
    private var closeButton: some View {
        Button { dismiss() } label: {
            Image(systemName: "xmark")
-                .font(.system(size: 14, weight: .semibold))
+                .font(.system(size: GamepadFormMetrics.closeFont, weight: .semibold))
                .foregroundStyle(.white)
-                .frame(width: 34, height: 34)
+                .frame(width: GamepadFormMetrics.closeSide, height: GamepadFormMetrics.closeSide)
                .glassBackground(Circle(), interactive: true)
                .contentShape(Circle())
        }
        .buttonStyle(.plain)
-        .keyboardShortcut(.cancelAction)
+        #if !os(tvOS)
+        .keyboardShortcut(.cancelAction) // unavailable on tvOS (Menu is the cancel there)
+        #endif
        .accessibilityLabel("Cancel")
    }

@@ -142,19 +175,20 @@ struct GamepadAddHostView: View {
    }

    private func rowView(_ row: Row, focused: Bool) -> some View {
-        HStack(spacing: 14) {
+        let m = GamepadFormMetrics.self
+        return HStack(spacing: 14) {
            if row.isAction {
                Label("Add Host", systemImage: "plus.circle.fill")
-                    .font(.geist(16, .semibold, relativeTo: .body))
+                    .font(.geist(m.labelFont, .semibold, relativeTo: .body))
                    .foregroundStyle(canAdd ? Color.brand : .white.opacity(0.35))
                    .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
            } else {
                Text(row.label)
-                    .font(.geist(16, .semibold, relativeTo: .body))
+                    .font(.geist(m.labelFont, .semibold, relativeTo: .body))
                    .foregroundStyle(.white)
                Spacer(minLength: 12)
                Text(row.value.isEmpty ? row.placeholder : row.value)
-                    .font(.geistFixed(15, .medium))
+                    .font(.geistFixed(m.valueFont, .medium))
                    .foregroundStyle(row.value.isEmpty ? .white.opacity(0.35) : .white)
                    .lineLimit(1)
                    .truncationMode(.head) // keep the end of a long address visible while typing
@@ -162,20 +196,20 @@ struct GamepadAddHostView: View {
                    // The live-edit caret: this row is what the keyboard tray is typing into.
                    Rectangle()
                        .fill(Color.brand)
-                        .frame(width: 2, height: 18)
+                        .frame(width: 2, height: m.labelFont + 2)
                }
            }
        }
-        .padding(.horizontal, 16)
-        .padding(.vertical, 13)
+        .padding(.horizontal, m.rowHPad)
+        .padding(.vertical, m.rowVPad)
        // Liquid Glass rows, matching the settings screen; the focused (or actively edited) row
        // takes the brand wash, and the edited row keeps its brand caret border.
        .consoleGlass(
-            RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 14, style: .continuous),
+            RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: m.rowCorner, style: .continuous),
            tint: (focused || editing == row.id) ? Color.brand.opacity(0.30) : nil,
            interactive: focused)
        .overlay {
-            RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 14, style: .continuous)
+            RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: m.rowCorner, style: .continuous)
                .strokeBorder(
                    editing == row.id ? Color.brand.opacity(0.7) : .white.opacity(focused ? 0.28 : 0.06),
                    lineWidth: 1)
@@ -235,5 +269,41 @@ struct GamepadAddHostView: View {
        default: return nil
        }
    }
+
+    #if os(tvOS)
+    // MARK: - System keyboard plumbing (see the fullScreenCover on `body`)
+
+    private func fieldTitle(_ id: String) -> String {
+        switch id {
+        case "name": return "Name (optional)"
+        case "port": return "Port"
+        default: return "Address (IP or hostname)"
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// .URL for the address (dots on the primary layer, no autocapitalize) — the closest tvOS
+    /// keyboard to "hostname or IP".
+    private func keyboardType(_ id: String) -> UIKeyboardType {
+        switch id {
+        case "port": return .numberPad
+        case "address": return .URL
+        default: return .default
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Apply a system-keyboard result, enforcing what `allowedCharacters` enforces per keystroke
+    /// on the other platforms (the system keyboard will type anything).
+    private func commitEntry(_ id: String, _ value: String) {
+        switch id {
+        case "port":
+            editingBinding(id).wrappedValue = String(value.filter(\.isNumber).prefix(5))
+        case "address":
+            editingBinding(id).wrappedValue = value
+                .replacingOccurrences(of: " ", with: "")
+        default:
+            editingBinding(id).wrappedValue = value
+        }
+    }
+    #endif
 }
 #endif
@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 // The one piece of gamepad-menu machinery shared by the host launcher (GamepadHomeView) and the
 // library coverflow (LibraryCoverflowView): a horizontal, center-snapping carousel driven entirely
-// by a controller (iOS/iPadOS/macOS).
+// by a controller (iOS/iPadOS/macOS) — or, on tvOS, by the NATIVE FOCUS ENGINE: every card is a
+// focusable Button, so the Siri Remote and a game controller both navigate through the system
+// (dpad/swipe moves focus, select activates, Menu backs out at the presentation level), and the
+// cursor/scroll chase the focused card instead of the poll. The poll still runs on tvOS but
+// carries ONLY the Y/X actions (library/settings) — buttons the focus engine has no concept of.
+// The iOS/macOS poll-driven behavior is untouched by the tvOS mode.
 //
 // The scrolling is pure native SwiftUI — `.scrollTargetLayout()` + `.scrollTargetBehavior(.viewAligned)`
 // snap exactly one item to center, and symmetric `.safeAreaPadding(.horizontal)` (sized off the live
@@ -24,7 +29,7 @@

 import PunktfunkKit
 import SwiftUI
-#if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
+#if os(iOS) || os(macOS) || os(tvOS)

 struct GamepadCarousel<Item: Identifiable, Card: View>: View where Item.ID: Hashable {
    let items: [Item]
@@ -54,6 +59,11 @@ struct GamepadCarousel<Item: Identifiable, Card: View>: View where Item.ID: Hash

    @State private var input = GamepadMenuInput(manager: .shared)
    @State private var haptics = MenuHaptics(manager: .shared)
+    #if os(tvOS)
+    /// tvOS: the focus engine is the navigation authority — `cursor`/`scrolledID` chase this,
+    /// never the other way around (mirroring the poll's cursor-first discipline).
+    @FocusState private var focusedID: Item.ID?
+    #endif
    /// Authoritative gamepad cursor (index into `items`). Never assigned from scroll read-back
    /// while the gamepad is driving — that's the whole desync fix.
    @State private var cursor = 0
@@ -81,26 +91,72 @@ struct GamepadCarousel<Item: Identifiable, Card: View>: View where Item.ID: Hash
    var body: some View {
        GeometryReader { geo in
            let inset = max(0, (geo.size.width - itemWidth) / 2)
-            ScrollView(.horizontal) {
-                HStack(spacing: spacing) {
-                    ForEach(items) { item in
-                        card(item)
-                            .frame(width: itemWidth)
-                            .contentShape(Rectangle())
-                            .onTapGesture { tap(item) }
+            ScrollViewReader { proxy in
+                ScrollView(.horizontal) {
+                    HStack(spacing: spacing) {
+                        ForEach(items) { item in
+                            #if os(tvOS)
+                            // A focusable Button per card: the focus engine does the navigating
+                            // (remote swipes and pad dpad alike), select activates. The bare style
+                            // below keeps the tile's own look — the `.scrollTransition` center pop
+                            // is the focus treatment, since focus and center track each other.
+                            Button { activate(item) } label: {
+                                card(item)
+                                    .frame(width: itemWidth)
+                            }
+                            .buttonStyle(ConsoleBareButtonStyle())
+                            .focused($focusedID, equals: item.id)
+                            .id(item.id)
+                            #else
+                            card(item)
+                                .frame(width: itemWidth)
+                                .contentShape(Rectangle())
+                                .onTapGesture { tap(item) }
+                            #endif
+                        }
+                    }
+                    .frame(height: geo.size.height) // fill so shorter cards center vertically
+                    .scrollTargetLayout()
+                }
+                // The two-way `.scrollPosition` + snap machinery serves the POLL/touch platforms.
+                // Not on tvOS: that binding DROPS a write landing mid-animation (the very desync
+                // the poll's cursor design exists to avoid — see the header), and on tvOS the
+                // focus engine's own reveal-scrolls are always in flight, so drops were routine
+                // ("navigation not reflected in the scroll view"). tvOS scrolls imperatively
+                // below instead — scrollTo RE-TARGETS mid-animation (the GamepadMenuList pattern).
+                #if !os(tvOS)
+                .scrollPosition(id: $scrolledID)
+                .scrollTargetBehavior(.viewAligned)
+                #endif
+                // .never, not .hidden — macOS's "always show scroll bars" setting overrides .hidden
+                // and paints a scroller across the console strip.
+                .scrollIndicators(.never)
+                .scrollClipDisabled() // let the focused card scale up past the strip bounds
+                .safeAreaPadding(.horizontal, inset)
+                .offset(x: bumpOffset)
+                #if os(tvOS)
+                // Land initial focus on the first card (the launcher's first host / the coverflow's
+                // first title) instead of wherever the engine guesses.
+                .defaultFocus($focusedID, items.first?.id)
+                // Focus moved (remote swipe / pad dpad) — chase it: cursor, detail selection,
+                // controller detent, and an imperative center scroll.
+                .onChange(of: focusedID) { _, newValue in
+                    guard let idx = index(of: newValue), idx != cursor else { return }
+                    cursor = idx
+                    lastNav = Date()
+                    haptics.move()
+                    selection = newValue
+                    withAnimation(.easeOut(duration: scrollAnim)) {
+                        proxy.scrollTo(newValue, anchor: .center)
                    }
                }
-                .frame(height: geo.size.height) // fill so shorter cards center vertically
-                .scrollTargetLayout()
+                // The list changed under a stable focus (discovered hosts prepend tiles): the
+                // content shifted but no focus change fires above — re-center the focused card.
+                .onChange(of: items.map(\.id)) { _, _ in
+                    if let id = focusedID { proxy.scrollTo(id, anchor: .center) }
+                }
+                #endif
            }
-            .scrollPosition(id: $scrolledID)
-            .scrollTargetBehavior(.viewAligned)
-            // .never, not .hidden — macOS's "always show scroll bars" setting overrides .hidden
-            // and paints a scroller across the console strip.
-            .scrollIndicators(.never)
-            .scrollClipDisabled() // let the focused card scale up past the strip bounds
-            .safeAreaPadding(.horizontal, inset)
-            .offset(x: bumpOffset)
        }
        .sensoryFeedback(.selection, trigger: cursor)
        .sensoryFeedback(.impact(weight: .medium), trigger: activateTick)
@@ -128,13 +184,16 @@ struct GamepadCarousel<Item: Identifiable, Card: View>: View where Item.ID: Hash
        // A touch drag settles the scroll onto a new id: adopt it as the cursor. Ignored while a
        // programmatic scroll is animating (its own intermediate id write-backs would regress the
        // cursor) and briefly after a gamepad move (the same reason), so only a genuine touch drag
-        // — which never sets `isScrolling` — moves the cursor here.
+        // — which never sets `isScrolling` — moves the cursor here. Not on tvOS: there is no touch
+        // drag, and the focus engine's own reveal-scrolls must never steal the cursor from focus.
+        #if !os(tvOS)
        .onChange(of: scrolledID) { _, newValue in
            guard !isScrolling, Date().timeIntervalSince(lastNav) > navSettle else { return }
            guard let idx = index(of: newValue), idx != cursor else { return }
            cursor = idx
            selection = newValue
        }
+        #endif
        // Re-seed a dropped/changed selection AND re-wire the input callbacks so they capture the
        // current `items` value (a plain array — unlike an observed object it would otherwise go
        // stale in the closures stored on `input`).
@@ -147,12 +206,20 @@ struct GamepadCarousel<Item: Identifiable, Card: View>: View where Item.ID: Hash
    // MARK: - Input wiring

    private func wire() {
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        // The focus engine owns move/confirm/back on tvOS (that's what keeps the Siri Remote
+        // working on this screen — and what routes Menu through the system's back semantics).
+        // The poll carries only the buttons focus has no concept of: Y/X, the screen actions.
+        input.onSecondary = onSecondary
+        input.onTertiary = onTertiary
+        #else
        input.onMove = { move($0) }
        input.onConfirm = { activate() }
        input.onSecondary = onSecondary
        input.onTertiary = onTertiary
        input.onBack = onBack
        input.onShoulder = shoulderJump > 0 ? { shoulder(right: $0) } : nil
+        #endif
    }

    private func move(_ direction: GamepadMenuInput.Direction) {
@@ -212,9 +279,14 @@ struct GamepadCarousel<Item: Identifiable, Card: View>: View where Item.ID: Hash

    private func activate() {
        guard cursor >= 0, cursor < items.count else { return }
+        activate(items[cursor])
+    }
+
+    /// Shared confirm tail — the poll activates the cursor's item, a tvOS Button its own.
+    private func activate(_ item: Item) {
        activateTick &+= 1
        haptics.confirm()
-        onActivate(items[cursor])
+        onActivate(item)
    }

    /// Touch fallback matching the rest of the app: tapping the centered card activates it, tapping
@@ -257,6 +329,13 @@ struct GamepadCarousel<Item: Identifiable, Card: View>: View where Item.ID: Hash
            scrolledID = id
            selection = id
        }
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        // Keep real focus on the reconciled item when its old target vanished from the list —
+        // the engine would otherwise pick a neighbour by geometry and drag the cursor with it.
+        if focusedID == nil || index(of: focusedID) == nil, cursor < items.count {
+            focusedID = items[cursor].id
+        }
+        #endif
    }

    private func boundaryBump(forward: Bool) {
@@ -2,11 +2,12 @@
 // GamepadAddHostView, LibraryCoverflowView): the full-bleed console backdrop, the
 // controller-glyph hint bar, and the connected-controller status chip. One look across every
 // screen is what makes the gamepad UI read as a coherent mode rather than a set of themed pages.
-// iOS/iPadOS and macOS (the couch Mac-mini case); tvOS keeps its native focus engine instead.
+// iOS/iPadOS, macOS (the couch Mac-mini case), and tvOS — where the same screens are driven by
+// the native focus engine instead of the controller poll (see GamepadCarousel/GamepadMenuList).

 import PunktfunkKit
 import SwiftUI
-#if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
+#if os(iOS) || os(macOS) || os(tvOS)
 import GameController

 /// The active controller's real glyph for a button (Xbox "A", DualSense ✕, …) via
@@ -31,6 +32,51 @@ func gamepadTitleTopPadding(compact: Bool) -> CGFloat {
    #endif
 }

+/// Point size for a gamepad screen's pinned title: TV-large on tvOS (read from the couch), the
+/// in-hand compact-aware sizes elsewhere.
+func gamepadTitleSize(compact: Bool) -> CGFloat {
+    #if os(tvOS)
+    44
+    #else
+    compact ? 20 : 30
+    #endif
+}
+
+/// Metrics shared by the gamepad form screens' glass rows (GamepadSettingsView,
+/// GamepadAddHostView) — one set of numbers so the two screens read as the same surface,
+/// sized for the couch on tvOS and for the hand elsewhere.
+enum GamepadFormMetrics {
+    #if os(tvOS)
+    static let headerFont: CGFloat = 17
+    static let labelFont: CGFloat = 23
+    static let valueFont: CGFloat = 21
+    static let iconFont: CGFloat = 24
+    static let iconWidth: CGFloat = 40
+    static let chevronFont: CGFloat = 16
+    static let rowHPad: CGFloat = 24
+    static let rowVPad: CGFloat = 19
+    static let rowCorner: CGFloat = 18
+    static let rowMaxWidth: CGFloat = 920
+    static let detailFont: CGFloat = 19
+    static let closeFont: CGFloat = 20
+    static let closeSide: CGFloat = 48
+    #else
+    static let headerFont: CGFloat = 12
+    static let labelFont: CGFloat = 16
+    static let valueFont: CGFloat = 15
+    static let iconFont: CGFloat = 17
+    static let iconWidth: CGFloat = 28
+    static let chevronFont: CGFloat = 12
+    static let rowHPad: CGFloat = 16
+    static let rowVPad: CGFloat = 13
+    static let rowCorner: CGFloat = 14
+    static let rowMaxWidth: CGFloat = 620
+    static let detailFont: CGFloat = 13
+    static let closeFont: CGFloat = 14
+    static let closeSide: CGFloat = 34
+    #endif
+}
+
 /// One glyph + label cell in a hint bar.
 struct GamepadHint: Identifiable {
    let glyph: String
@@ -45,21 +91,32 @@ struct GamepadHint: Identifiable {
 struct GamepadHintBar: View {
    let hints: [GamepadHint]

+    // 10-foot legend on tvOS, in-hand sizes elsewhere.
+    #if os(tvOS)
+    private static let glyphFont: CGFloat = 27
+    private static let textFont: CGFloat = 20
+    private static let pad: CGFloat = 18
+    #else
+    private static let glyphFont: CGFloat = 19
+    private static let textFont: CGFloat = 14
+    private static let pad: CGFloat = 13
+    #endif
+
    var body: some View {
        HStack(spacing: 18) {
            ForEach(hints) { hint in
                HStack(spacing: 7) {
                    Image(systemName: hint.glyph)
-                        .font(.system(size: 19))
+                        .font(.system(size: Self.glyphFont))
                        .foregroundStyle(.white)
                    Text(hint.text)
                }
                .fixedSize() // keep glyph + label together; never truncate a hint mid-word
            }
        }
-        .font(.geist(14, .semibold, relativeTo: .subheadline))
+        .font(.geist(Self.textFont, .semibold, relativeTo: .subheadline))
        .foregroundStyle(.white.opacity(0.85))
-        .padding(13)
+        .padding(Self.pad)
        .consoleGlass(Capsule())
        .overlay(Capsule().strokeBorder(.white.opacity(0.12), lineWidth: 1))
    }
@@ -297,30 +354,56 @@ struct GamepadFormBackground: View {
    }
 }

+#if os(tvOS)
+/// Bare chrome for the focusable console Buttons (carousel cards, menu-list rows) on tvOS: the
+/// tile/row draws its own look and the screen's own focus treatment marks the focused element
+/// (the carousel's `.scrollTransition` center pop, the list row's `focused` styling), so the
+/// system's lift/halo would double up on it. Press feedback is a small dip, matching the
+/// interactive-glass feel elsewhere.
+struct ConsoleBareButtonStyle: ButtonStyle {
+    func makeBody(configuration: Configuration) -> some View {
+        configuration.label
+            .scaleEffect(configuration.isPressed ? 0.97 : 1)
+            .animation(.smooth(duration: 0.15), value: configuration.isPressed)
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
 /// "Which pad is driving this UI" — the active controller's name and battery, worn as a quiet
 /// chip in the launcher's top bar. Callers observe GamepadManager already, so this re-renders
 /// when the pad or its battery state changes.
 struct ControllerStatusChip: View {
    let controller: GamepadManager.DiscoveredController

+    // Legible from the couch on tvOS, quiet in hand elsewhere.
+    #if os(tvOS)
+    private static let font: CGFloat = 17
+    private static let hPad: CGFloat = 16
+    private static let vPad: CGFloat = 10
+    #else
+    private static let font: CGFloat = 12
+    private static let hPad: CGFloat = 12
+    private static let vPad: CGFloat = 7
+    #endif
+
    var body: some View {
        HStack(spacing: 7) {
            Image(systemName: controller.hasTouchpadAndMotion
                ? "playstation.logo" : "gamecontroller.fill")
-                .font(.system(size: 12))
+                .font(.system(size: Self.font))
            Text(controller.name)
                .lineLimit(1)
            if let level = controller.batteryLevel {
                Image(systemName: batterySymbol(level))
-                    .font(.system(size: 12))
+                    .font(.system(size: Self.font))
                    .foregroundStyle(level <= 0.2 && !controller.isCharging
                        ? AnyShapeStyle(.red) : AnyShapeStyle(.white.opacity(0.7)))
            }
        }
-        .font(.geist(12, .medium, relativeTo: .caption))
+        .font(.geist(Self.font, .medium, relativeTo: .caption))
        .foregroundStyle(.white.opacity(0.7))
-        .padding(.horizontal, 12)
-        .padding(.vertical, 7)
+        .padding(.horizontal, Self.hPad)
+        .padding(.vertical, Self.vPad)
        .background(Capsule().fill(.white.opacity(0.08)))
        .overlay(Capsule().strokeBorder(.white.opacity(0.12), lineWidth: 1))
    }
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// The gamepad-driven home screen (iOS/iPadOS only): a distinct, "10-foot" console-style host
+// The gamepad-driven home screen: a distinct, "10-foot" console-style host
 // launcher shown INSTEAD of HomeView while GamepadUIEnvironment is active — a separate screen built
 // around a center-snapping carousel of hosts, driven from the couch with a controller. No touch is
 // required anywhere: A connects, Y opens a saved host's library (when the flag is on), X opens the
@@ -14,11 +14,13 @@
 // `.safeAreaInset` (top / bottom-leading) — guaranteed inside the safe area and out of the carousel's
 // vertical budget — and the card is sized off the remaining height. macOS mounts it too (the
 // couch Mac-mini case) — same screen, with the settings/add-host covers presented as sheets
-// (macOS has no fullScreenCover). tvOS never mounts this view (native focus engine instead).
+// (macOS has no fullScreenCover). tvOS mounts it as well, driven by the native focus engine
+// (see GamepadCarousel's tvOS mode) so the Siri Remote works alongside the pad; Play/Pause
+// mirrors X for Settings since the focus engine has no concept of that button.

 import PunktfunkKit
 import SwiftUI
-#if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
+#if os(iOS) || os(macOS) || os(tvOS)
 import GameController

 /// One navigable tile: a saved host, a discovered-but-unsaved one, or the trailing Add Host
@@ -60,8 +62,12 @@ struct GamepadHomeView: View {
    let connect: (StoredHost) -> Void
    let connectDiscovered: (DiscoveredHost) -> Void

-    /// Same experimental gate the touch grid's "Browse Library…" context-menu item uses.
-    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.libraryEnabled) private var libraryEnabled = false
+    /// Same gate the touch grid's "Browse Library…" context-menu item uses (default ON; the
+    /// Settings "Game library" toggle opts out).
+    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.libraryEnabled) private var libraryEnabled = true
+    /// Auto-wake on connect (default ON) — when off, activating an offline host just dials (no wake),
+    /// so the tile drops its "Wake & Connect" affordance for a plain "Connect".
+    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.autoWake) private var autoWakeEnabled = true
    #if os(iOS)
    /// `.compact` in a landscape phone window — drives tighter chrome so everything still fits.
    @Environment(\.verticalSizeClass) private var vSizeClass
@@ -104,6 +110,12 @@ struct GamepadHomeView: View {
                try? await Task.sleep(for: .seconds(10))
            }
        }
+        // The remote's Play/Pause mirrors the pad's X (Settings): the focus engine never surfaces
+        // X, and historically tvOS maps a pad's X to this same press — the poll and this command
+        // double-firing just sets the same Bool twice.
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        .onPlayPauseCommand { showSettings = true }
+        #endif
        // The settings / add-host screens take over the controller (the carousel's `isActive`
        // gate above). iOS presents them full screen — the immersive console feel; macOS has no
        // fullScreenCover, so they become generously sized sheets over the dimmed launcher.
@@ -128,11 +140,17 @@ struct GamepadHomeView: View {
    // MARK: - Hero (carousel + detail), sized to fit the space between the pinned title and hints

    @ViewBuilder private func hero(for size: CGSize) -> some View {
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        // 10-foot scale: the phone-sized card reads like a postage stamp from the couch.
+        let cardWidth = min(560, size.width * 0.34)
+        let cardHeight = min(350, max(240, size.height - 260))
+        #else
        let cardWidth = min(340, size.width * 0.84)
        // 48 ≈ the carousel's own vertical breathing (+40) plus a small margin; clamp so the strip
        // always fits the region the pinned title / hints safe-area insets leave. (The old detail
        // line below the strip is gone — it only re-printed what the centered card already shows.)
        let cardHeight = min(compact ? 176 : 224, max(118, size.height - 48))
+        #endif
        VStack(spacing: compact ? 8 : 10) {
            Spacer(minLength: 0)
            carousel(cardWidth: cardWidth, cardHeight: cardHeight)
@@ -145,7 +163,7 @@ struct GamepadHomeView: View {

    private var titleBar: some View {
        Text("Select a Host")
-            .font(.geist(compact ? 20 : 30, .bold, relativeTo: .title))
+            .font(.geist(gamepadTitleSize(compact: compact), .bold, relativeTo: .title))
            .foregroundStyle(.white)
            .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
            .overlay(alignment: .trailing) {
@@ -158,6 +176,14 @@ struct GamepadHomeView: View {
            }
    }

+    private var cardSpacing: CGFloat {
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        44
+        #else
+        30
+        #endif
+    }
+
    // MARK: - Carousel

    private func carousel(cardWidth: CGFloat, cardHeight: CGFloat) -> some View {
@@ -165,13 +191,16 @@ struct GamepadHomeView: View {
            items: tiles,
            selection: $selection,
            itemWidth: cardWidth,
-            spacing: 30,
+            spacing: cardSpacing,
            onActivate: { $0.activate() },
            onSecondary: { openLibraryForSelected() },
            onTertiary: { showSettings = true },
-            // Stop consuming the controller while another screen (or the wake overlay) is on top —
-            // otherwise the launcher navigates behind it (invisibly on iPhone, visibly on iPad).
-            isActive: libraryTarget == nil && !showSettings && !showAddHost && waker.waking == nil
+            // Stop consuming the controller while another screen (or the connect/wake takeover) is on
+            // top — otherwise the launcher navigates behind it (invisibly on iPhone, visibly on iPad),
+            // and a second A during a dial would launch a concurrent connect. `.connecting` covers the
+            // takeover's Connecting phase; `waker.waking` covers its Waking phase.
+            isActive: libraryTarget == nil && !showSettings && !showAddHost
+                && waker.waking == nil && model.phase != .connecting
        ) { tile in
            hostCard(tile, size: CGSize(width: cardWidth, height: cardHeight))
        }
@@ -233,7 +262,7 @@ struct GamepadHomeView: View {
                isConnecting: model.phase == .connecting && model.activeHost?.id == host.id,
                filled: true,
                hasLibrary: true,
-                canWake: PunktfunkConnection.wakeOnLANAvailable
+                canWake: autoWakeEnabled && PunktfunkConnection.wakeOnLANAvailable
                    && !discovery.advertises(host) && !store.probedOnline.contains(host.id)
                    && !host.wakeMacs.isEmpty,
                activate: { connect(host) })
@@ -272,6 +301,31 @@ private struct GamepadHostTile: View {
    let tile: HomeTile
    let size: CGSize

+    // 10-foot metrics on tvOS, in-hand metrics elsewhere — one tile, two viewing distances.
+    #if os(tvOS)
+    private static let titleFont: CGFloat = 33
+    private static let subtitleFont: CGFloat = 19
+    private static let statusFont: CGFloat = 15
+    private static let pipSide: CGFloat = 12
+    private static let badgeSide: CGFloat = 70
+    private static let badgeCorner: CGFloat = 19
+    private static let monogramFont: CGFloat = 34
+    private static let iconFont: CGFloat = 32
+    private static let pad: CGFloat = 28
+    private static let corner: CGFloat = 30
+    #else
+    private static let titleFont: CGFloat = 23
+    private static let subtitleFont: CGFloat = 13
+    private static let statusFont: CGFloat = 11
+    private static let pipSide: CGFloat = 9
+    private static let badgeSide: CGFloat = 52
+    private static let badgeCorner: CGFloat = 15
+    private static let monogramFont: CGFloat = 25
+    private static let iconFont: CGFloat = 24
+    private static let pad: CGFloat = 20
+    private static let corner: CGFloat = 26
+    #endif
+
    var body: some View {
        VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 0) {
            HStack(alignment: .top, spacing: 8) {
@@ -282,38 +336,38 @@ private struct GamepadHostTile: View {
                HStack(spacing: 7) {
                    if tile.isPaired {
                        Image(systemName: "lock.fill")
-                            .font(.system(size: 11, weight: .semibold))
+                            .font(.system(size: Self.statusFont, weight: .semibold))
                            .foregroundStyle(.white.opacity(0.5))
                    }
                    if tile.isOnline {
                        Circle()
                            .fill(Color.green)
-                            .frame(width: 9, height: 9)
+                            .frame(width: Self.pipSide, height: Self.pipSide)
                            .shadow(color: .green.opacity(0.7), radius: 5)
                    }
                }
            }
            Spacer(minLength: 0)
            Text(tile.title)
-                .font(.geist(23, .bold, relativeTo: .title2))
+                .font(.geist(Self.titleFont, .bold, relativeTo: .title2))
                .foregroundStyle(.white)
                .lineLimit(1)
                .minimumScaleFactor(0.7)
            Text(tile.subtitle)
-                .font(.geist(13, relativeTo: .caption))
+                .font(.geist(Self.subtitleFont, relativeTo: .caption))
                .foregroundStyle(.white.opacity(0.55))
                .lineLimit(1)
                .padding(.top, 2)
        }
-        .padding(20)
+        .padding(Self.pad)
        .frame(width: size.width, height: size.height, alignment: .leading)
        // Liquid Glass console tile — a brand wash marks a saved host as primary; discovered /
        // Add-Host tiles stay neutral glass with a dashed edge. Glass clips to the shape itself.
        .consoleGlass(
-            RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 26, style: .continuous),
+            RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: Self.corner, style: .continuous),
            tint: tile.filled ? Color.brand.opacity(0.20) : nil)
        .overlay {
-            RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 26, style: .continuous)
+            RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: Self.corner, style: .continuous)
                .strokeBorder(
                    LinearGradient(
                        colors: [.white.opacity(0.22), .white.opacity(0.04)],
@@ -324,7 +378,7 @@ private struct GamepadHostTile: View {
    }

    private var monogramBadge: some View {
-        let shape = RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 15, style: .continuous)
+        let shape = RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: Self.badgeCorner, style: .continuous)
        return ZStack {
            shape.fill(tile.filled
                ? AnyShapeStyle(LinearGradient(
@@ -335,15 +389,15 @@ private struct GamepadHostTile: View {
                ProgressView().tint(.white)
            } else if let icon = tile.icon {
                Image(systemName: icon)
-                    .font(.system(size: 24, weight: .semibold))
+                    .font(.system(size: Self.iconFont, weight: .semibold))
                    .foregroundStyle(Color.brand)
            } else {
                Text(monogram(tile.title))
-                    .font(.geistFixed(25, .bold))
+                    .font(.geistFixed(Self.monogramFont, .bold))
                    .foregroundStyle(tile.filled ? .white : Color.brand)
            }
        }
-        .frame(width: 52, height: 52)
+        .frame(width: Self.badgeSide, height: Self.badgeSide)
        .overlay {
            if !tile.filled {
                shape.strokeBorder(Color.brand.opacity(0.5), lineWidth: 1)
@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
-// The vertical sibling of GamepadCarousel (iOS/iPadOS/macOS): a controller-driven focus list for
-// the gamepad UI's form-like screens (GamepadSettingsView, GamepadAddHostView). Up/down moves a
-// focus bar through the rows, left/right adjusts the focused row's value, A activates it, B backs
-// out. The CALLER owns each row's look (it gets the focused flag); this component owns the focus
-// cursor, controller polling, haptics, and keeping the focused row scrolled into view.
+// The vertical sibling of GamepadCarousel (iOS/iPadOS/macOS/tvOS): a controller-driven focus list
+// for the gamepad UI's form-like screens (GamepadSettingsView, GamepadAddHostView). Up/down moves
+// a focus bar through the rows, left/right adjusts the focused row's value, A activates it, B
+// backs out. The CALLER owns each row's look (it gets the focused flag); this component owns the
+// focus cursor, controller polling, haptics, and keeping the focused row scrolled into view.
+//
+// On tvOS the rows are focusable Buttons and the NATIVE FOCUS ENGINE replaces the poll entirely
+// (Siri Remote and pads both drive it: up/down moves focus, select activates, Menu — via
+// onExitCommand — backs out). Left/right value-adjust isn't wired there; select cycles a value
+// forward exactly like A does elsewhere, the standard tvOS settings interaction. The iOS/macOS
+// poll-driven behavior is untouched by the tvOS mode.
 //
 // Unlike the carousel there is no snapping and no `.scrollPosition` two-way binding to fight: the
 // cursor is plainly authoritative, the scroll view just chases it with `scrollTo`. Touch stays a
@@ -16,7 +22,7 @@

 import PunktfunkKit
 import SwiftUI
-#if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
+#if os(iOS) || os(macOS) || os(tvOS)

 struct GamepadMenuList<Item: Identifiable, Row: View>: View where Item.ID: Hashable {
    let items: [Item]
@@ -36,6 +42,15 @@ struct GamepadMenuList<Item: Identifiable, Row: View>: View where Item.ID: Hasha

    @State private var input = GamepadMenuInput(manager: .shared)
    @State private var haptics = MenuHaptics(manager: .shared)
+    #if os(tvOS)
+    /// tvOS: the focus engine is the navigation authority for UP/DOWN — `cursor` chases this, so
+    /// the caller's `focused` row styling always matches real system focus. LEFT/RIGHT adjust
+    /// comes from the POLL (see `wire`), never from `.onMoveCommand`: the command stream is
+    /// 4-way with no axis data (diagonal scroll wobble buckets into left/right), and its
+    /// interception of up/down proved INPUT-SOURCE-DEPENDENT on hardware — keyboard arrows were
+    /// intercepted but a pad's dpad was not, so programmatic stepping double-moved every press.
+    @FocusState private var focusedID: Item.ID?
+    #endif
    /// Authoritative focus cursor (index into `items`).
    @State private var cursor = 0
    /// A short vertical recoil when a move is refused at a list end.
@@ -51,10 +66,23 @@ struct GamepadMenuList<Item: Identifiable, Row: View>: View where Item.ID: Hasha
            ScrollView(.vertical) {
                LazyVStack(spacing: 6) {
                    ForEach(Array(items.enumerated()), id: \.element.id) { idx, item in
+                        #if os(tvOS)
+                        // A focusable Button per row: the engine moves between them, select
+                        // activates (`tap` keeps the cursor in step before firing). The row's
+                        // own `focused` styling is the focus treatment — the bare style adds
+                        // no system chrome on top of it.
+                        Button { tap(idx) } label: {
+                            row(item, focusedID == item.id)
+                        }
+                        .buttonStyle(ConsoleBareButtonStyle())
+                        .focused($focusedID, equals: item.id)
+                        .id(item.id)
+                        #else
                        row(item, idx == cursor && isActive)
                            .contentShape(Rectangle())
                            .onTapGesture { tap(idx) }
                            .id(item.id)
+                        #endif
                    }
                }
                .padding(.vertical, 10)
@@ -69,6 +97,20 @@ struct GamepadMenuList<Item: Identifiable, Row: View>: View where Item.ID: Hasha
                }
            }
        }
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        // Focus moved (remote swipe / pad dpad) — keep the cursor, the caller's focusID mirror,
+        // and the controller detent in step. Menu = the list's back action (both tvOS callers
+        // pass one; the screen behind would otherwise catch the press and peel too far).
+        .onChange(of: focusedID) { _, newValue in
+            guard let id = newValue, let idx = items.firstIndex(where: { $0.id == id }),
+                  idx != cursor else { return }
+            cursor = idx
+            focusID = id
+            haptics.move()
+        }
+        .defaultFocus($focusedID, items.first?.id)
+        .onExitCommand { onBack?() }
+        #endif
        .sensoryFeedback(.selection, trigger: cursor)
        .sensoryFeedback(.selection, trigger: adjustTick)
        .sensoryFeedback(.impact(weight: .medium), trigger: activateTick)
@@ -102,6 +144,22 @@ struct GamepadMenuList<Item: Identifiable, Row: View>: View where Item.ID: Hasha
    // MARK: - Input wiring

    private func wire() {
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        // The focus engine owns up/down and select (Button rows) and Menu (onExitCommand) — the
+        // poll carries ONLY the horizontal axis, where its dominant-axis deadzone + hold-repeat
+        // are exactly the adjust feel the other platforms have, and where the focus engine has
+        // nothing to move to in a vertical list. Vertical poll directions are deliberately
+        // dropped: acting on them would double the engine's own focus moves. (The Siri Remote
+        // never reaches this poll — no extended profile — so remote users cycle values with
+        // select instead, which `activate` already does.)
+        input.onMove = { direction in
+            switch direction {
+            case .left: adjust(by: -1)
+            case .right: adjust(by: 1)
+            case .up, .down: break
+            }
+        }
+        #else
        input.onMove = { direction in
            switch direction {
            case .up: step(by: -1)
@@ -112,6 +170,7 @@ struct GamepadMenuList<Item: Identifiable, Row: View>: View where Item.ID: Hasha
        }
        input.onConfirm = { activate() }
        input.onBack = onBack
+        #endif
    }

    private func step(by delta: Int) {
@@ -123,6 +182,7 @@ struct GamepadMenuList<Item: Identifiable, Row: View>: View where Item.ID: Hasha
        haptics.move()
    }

+
    private func adjust(by delta: Int) {
        guard let onAdjust, cursor >= 0, cursor < items.count else { return }
        if onAdjust(items[cursor], delta) {
@@ -165,6 +225,12 @@ struct GamepadMenuList<Item: Identifiable, Row: View>: View where Item.ID: Hasha
            cursor = min(max(cursor, 0), items.count - 1)
            focusID = items[cursor].id
        }
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        // Keep real focus on the reconciled row when its old target vanished from the list.
+        if focusedID == nil || !items.contains(where: { $0.id == focusedID }), cursor < items.count {
+            focusedID = items[cursor].id
+        }
+        #endif
    }

    private func boundaryBump(forward: Bool) {
@@ -29,8 +29,9 @@ struct HomeView: View {
    /// Explicit Wake-on-LAN of an offline host — fires the packet and waits for it to come online
    /// (the "Waking…" overlay), without connecting. Routed through ContentView's HostWaker.
    let wake: (StoredHost) -> Void
-    /// Experimental game-library browser (gated) — the host-card "Browse Library…" action.
-    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.libraryEnabled) private var libraryEnabled = false
+    /// Game-library browser (default ON; the Settings toggle opts out) — the host-card
+    /// "Browse Library…" action.
+    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.libraryEnabled) private var libraryEnabled = true
    /// The host being edited (name / address / port / Wake-on-LAN MAC) — drives the edit sheet.
    @State private var editTarget: StoredHost?

@@ -48,6 +49,13 @@ struct HomeView: View {
                                }
                            }
                            .padding()
+                            // Mirror of the action row's focusSection below: an UPWARD move from
+                            // the centered buttons must land back in the grid even when no card
+                            // sits in the buttons' columns (a lone top-left card, say). The grid
+                            // spans the row, so the section catches every upward ray.
+                            #if os(tvOS)
+                            .focusSection()
+                            #endif
                        }
                        if !discoveredUnsaved.isEmpty {
                            discoveredSection
@@ -67,6 +75,14 @@ struct HomeView: View {
                            }
                        }
                        .padding(.top, 24)
+                        // One FULL-WIDTH focus target for any downward move out of the grid.
+                        // focusSection alone is not enough: the engine tests the section's
+                        // FRAME, and a content-hugging centered HStack only overlaps the middle
+                        // columns — a swipe down from an outer card dead-ends and the actions
+                        // are unreachable by remote. Stretching the section across the row means
+                        // every column's downward ray hits it.
+                        .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
+                        .focusSection()
                        #endif
                    }
                }
@@ -198,6 +214,10 @@ struct HomeView: View {
        }
        .padding([.horizontal, .bottom])
        .padding(.top, store.hosts.isEmpty ? 0 : 8)
+        // Same reachability contract as the saved grid above — see its focusSection comment.
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        .focusSection()
+        #endif
    }

    /// Discovered hosts not already saved (see `HostDiscovery.unsaved` — shared with the gamepad
@@ -259,7 +279,9 @@ struct HomeView: View {
        #if os(macOS)
        [GridItem(.adaptive(minimum: 250, maximum: 320), spacing: 16)]
        #elseif os(tvOS)
-        [GridItem(.adaptive(minimum: 320), spacing: 48)]
+        // Tracks CardMetrics' 10-foot sizes — at the 30pt name a 320pt column truncates
+        // every hostname longer than ~10 characters.
+        [GridItem(.adaptive(minimum: 460), spacing: 48)]
        #else
        [GridItem(.adaptive(minimum: 280), spacing: 16)]
        #endif
@@ -22,8 +22,9 @@ private struct CardMetrics {
        CardMetrics(tile: 54, monogram: 26, name: 19, meta: 13, status: 11,
                    padding: 16, spacing: 14, radius: 12)
        #elseif os(tvOS)
-        CardMetrics(tile: 64, monogram: 32, name: 24, meta: 16, status: 14,
-                    padding: 18, spacing: 18, radius: 14)
+        // 10-foot sizes — the 24pt-name tier read like a phone card from the couch.
+        CardMetrics(tile: 84, monogram: 42, name: 30, meta: 20, status: 17,
+                    padding: 24, spacing: 22, radius: 18)
        #else
        CardMetrics(tile: 44, monogram: 21, name: 15, meta: 12, status: 10.5,
                    padding: 13, spacing: 12, radius: 10)
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// The gamepad-driven presentation of the game library (iOS/iPadOS/macOS — see LibraryView's
+// The gamepad-driven presentation of the game library (iOS/iPadOS/macOS/tvOS — see LibraryView's
 // `gamepadUIActive` branch): a classic coverflow instead of the touch grid. All the
 // scrolling/snapping/navigation/haptics live in GamepadCarousel; this file is the coverflow card
 // (poster + the 3D recede treatment via `.scrollTransition`), the "now focused" detail panel, and
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@

 import PunktfunkKit
 import SwiftUI
-#if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
+#if os(iOS) || os(macOS) || os(tvOS)
 import GameController

 struct LibraryCoverflowView: View {
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ struct LibraryView: View {
    /// list fetch, reused across every poster in the grid). Built alongside `games` in `load()`;
    /// torn down on disappear since it isn't one-shot like `LibraryClient.fetch`'s own session.
    @State private var imageSession: URLSession?
-    #if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
-    // Gamepad-driven browsing (iOS/iPadOS/macOS) — see ContentView's identical gate. tvOS keeps
-    // its existing plain-grid presentation of this same view unchanged.
+    #if os(iOS) || os(macOS) || os(tvOS)
+    // Gamepad-driven browsing — see ContentView's identical gate. With no controller (or the
+    // setting off) every platform keeps the plain-grid presentation of this same view.
    @ObservedObject private var gamepadManager = GamepadManager.shared
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.gamepadUIEnabled) private var gamepadUIEnabled = true
    private var gamepadUIActive: Bool {
@@ -69,7 +69,6 @@ struct LibraryView: View {
        } else if games.isEmpty {
            emptyState
        } else {
-            #if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
            if gamepadUIActive {
                LibraryCoverflowView(
                    games: games, imageSession: imageSession, onLaunch: onLaunch,
@@ -77,9 +76,6 @@ struct LibraryView: View {
            } else {
                grid
            }
-            #else
-            grid
-            #endif
        }
    }

@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
-// The "Waking <host>…" modal shown while HostWaker brings a sleeping host back — a spinner + a
-// live elapsed counter, escalating to a retry/cancel prompt on timeout. Presented over BOTH the
-// touch and gamepad home (a wake only ever starts on macOS today, where WoL is ungated), and it
-// drives from either a pointer (the buttons) or a controller (B cancels, A retries once timed out).
-
-import PunktfunkKit
-import SwiftUI
-
-struct WakeOverlay: View {
-    @ObservedObject var waker: HostWaker
-
-    var body: some View {
-        if let w = waker.waking {
-            ZStack {
-                // Dim + swallow input to the home behind it.
-                Rectangle().fill(.black.opacity(0.6)).ignoresSafeArea()
-                    .contentShape(Rectangle())
-                    .onTapGesture {}
-                card(w)
-                    .frame(maxWidth: 380)
-                    .padding(28)
-                    .consoleGlass(RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 22, style: .continuous))
-                    .overlay(
-                        RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 22, style: .continuous)
-                            .strokeBorder(.white.opacity(0.12), lineWidth: 1))
-                    .padding(40)
-            }
-            .environment(\.colorScheme, .dark)
-            .transition(.opacity)
-            #if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
-            .background { WakeControllerInput(waker: waker) }
-            #endif
-        }
-    }
-
-    @ViewBuilder private func card(_ w: HostWaker.Waking) -> some View {
-        VStack(spacing: 14) {
-            if w.timedOut {
-                Image(systemName: "moon.zzz.fill")
-                    .font(.system(size: 34)).foregroundStyle(.white.opacity(0.85))
-                Text("\(w.hostName) didn't wake")
-                    .font(.geist(19, .bold, relativeTo: .title3)).foregroundStyle(.white)
-                Text("It may still be booting, or it's powered off / off this network.")
-                    .font(.geist(13, relativeTo: .caption)).foregroundStyle(.white.opacity(0.6))
-                    .multilineTextAlignment(.center)
-                HStack(spacing: 12) {
-                    Button("Cancel") { waker.cancel() }.buttonStyle(.bordered)
-                    Button("Try Again") { waker.retry() }.glassProminentButtonStyle()
-                }
-                .padding(.top, 6)
-            } else {
-                ProgressView().controlSize(.large).tint(.white)
-                Text("Waking \(w.hostName)…")
-                    .font(.geist(19, .bold, relativeTo: .title3)).foregroundStyle(.white)
-                Text("Waiting for it to come online · \(w.seconds)s")
-                    .font(.geistFixed(13)).foregroundStyle(.white.opacity(0.6))
-                    .monospacedDigit()
-                Button(w.connectsAfter ? "Cancel" : "Stop Waiting") { waker.cancel() }
-                    .buttonStyle(.bordered)
-                    .padding(.top, 6)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
-/// Controller binding for the overlay: B cancels; A retries once it has timed out. A zero-size
-/// backing view owning a `GamepadMenuInput` for the overlay's lifetime (the home carousel/list is
-/// gated inactive while a wake is up, so nothing else is consuming the pad).
-private struct WakeControllerInput: View {
-    @ObservedObject var waker: HostWaker
-    @State private var input = GamepadMenuInput(manager: .shared)
-
-    var body: some View {
-        Color.clear
-            .onAppear {
-                input.onBack = { waker.cancel() }
-                input.onConfirm = { if waker.waking?.timedOut == true { waker.retry() } }
-                input.start()
-            }
-            .onDisappear { input.stop() }
-    }
-}
-#endif
@@ -38,10 +38,22 @@ struct PunktfunkClientApp: App {
                ContentView()
                #endif
            }
+            // NOT on tvOS: under the tvOS 26 glass button style a tinted UNFOCUSED control fills
+            // AND labels itself in the tint — every plain Button/TextField renders as a blank
+            // brand-violet pill until focused. Untinted, tvOS keeps the system glass look
+            // (visible labels, white focus lift); brand color stays on explicit Color.brand uses.
+            #if !os(tvOS)
            .tint(.brand)
+            #endif
            // Geist Sans is the app's typeface. This sets the default for unstyled text and the
            // form row labels; views that pick an explicit size/weight use `.geist(…)` directly.
+            // tvOS reads from across the room: its system body is 29pt, so pinning the phone's
+            // 17pt there shrank every unstyled control (rows, fields, buttons) to postage size.
+            #if os(tvOS)
+            .font(.geist(29, relativeTo: .body))
+            #else
            .font(.geist(17, relativeTo: .body))
+            #endif
        }
        // The Stream menu (Release Mouse ⌃⌥⇧Q, Disconnect ⌃⌥⇧D, Show/Hide Statistics ⌃⌥⇧S —
        // the cross-client Ctrl+Alt+Shift set) — a real menu bar on macOS, hardware-keyboard
@@ -49,8 +49,24 @@ enum ShotScenes {
            ShotScene(name: "08-gamepad-addhost", orientation: .natural, colorScheme: .dark) {
                AnyView(ShotGamepadAddHost())
            },
-            ShotScene(name: "09-waking", orientation: .natural, colorScheme: .dark) {
-                AnyView(ShotWaking())
+            ShotScene(name: "09-connecting", orientation: .natural, colorScheme: .dark) {
+                AnyView(ShotConnect(kind: .connecting))
+            },
+            ShotScene(name: "09b-waking", orientation: .natural, colorScheme: .dark) {
+                AnyView(ShotConnect(kind: .waking))
+            },
+            ShotScene(name: "09c-wake-timed-out", orientation: .natural, colorScheme: .dark) {
+                AnyView(ShotConnect(kind: .timedOut))
+            },
+            // The default-UI presentation (Liquid Glass modal over the touch grid) of the same phases.
+            ShotScene(name: "09d-connecting-modal", orientation: .natural, colorScheme: .dark) {
+                AnyView(ShotConnect(kind: .connecting, gamepadUI: false))
+            },
+            ShotScene(name: "09e-waking-modal", orientation: .natural, colorScheme: .dark) {
+                AnyView(ShotConnect(kind: .waking, gamepadUI: false))
+            },
+            ShotScene(name: "09f-wake-timed-out-modal", orientation: .natural, colorScheme: .dark) {
+                AnyView(ShotConnect(kind: .timedOut, gamepadUI: false))
            },
        ]
        #endif
@@ -137,23 +153,53 @@ private struct ShotGamepadAddHost: View {
    var body: some View { GamepadAddHostView(onAdd: { _ in }) }
 }

-private struct ShotWaking: View {
+/// The unified connect overlay (the real `ConnectOverlay`) in each phase — instant "Connecting…"
+/// feedback, the "Waking…" wait, and the wake-timed-out prompt. `gamepadUI` picks the presentation:
+/// the console's full-screen aurora takeover over the gamepad home, or the default UI's Liquid Glass
+/// modal over the touch host grid.
+private struct ShotConnect: View {
+    enum Kind { case connecting, waking, timedOut }
+    let kind: Kind
+    var gamepadUI = true
+
    @StateObject private var store = ShotMock.hostStore()
    @StateObject private var model = SessionModel()
    @StateObject private var discovery = HostDiscovery()
    @StateObject private var waker = HostWaker()

    var body: some View {
-        GamepadHomeView(
-            store: store, model: model, discovery: discovery,
-            libraryTarget: .constant(nil), waker: waker,
-            connect: { _ in }, connectDiscovered: { _ in }
-        )
-        .overlay { WakeOverlay(waker: waker) }
-        .onAppear {
-            waker.debugSet(.init(
-                hostID: store.hosts.first?.id ?? UUID(),
-                hostName: "Battlestation", connectsAfter: true, seconds: 14))
+        backdrop
+            .overlay {
+                ConnectOverlay(
+                    connectingHostName: kind == .connecting ? "Battlestation" : nil,
+                    waker: waker,
+                    gamepadUI: gamepadUI,
+                    onCancelConnect: {})
+            }
+            .onAppear {
+                switch kind {
+                case .connecting:
+                    break
+                case .waking:
+                    waker.debugSet(.init(
+                        hostID: store.hosts.first?.id ?? UUID(),
+                        hostName: "Battlestation", connectsAfter: true, seconds: 14))
+                case .timedOut:
+                    waker.debugSet(.init(
+                        hostID: store.hosts.first?.id ?? UUID(),
+                        hostName: "Battlestation", connectsAfter: true, seconds: 90, timedOut: true))
+                }
+            }
+    }
+
+    @ViewBuilder private var backdrop: some View {
+        if gamepadUI {
+            GamepadHomeView(
+                store: store, model: model, discovery: discovery,
+                libraryTarget: .constant(nil), waker: waker,
+                connect: { _ in }, connectDiscovered: { _ in })
+        } else {
+            ShotHome()
        }
    }
 }
@@ -23,6 +23,17 @@ enum HUDPlacement: String, CaseIterable, Identifiable {
    /// The HUD's own stack hugs the screen edge it sits against, so its text aligns outward.
    var isTrailing: Bool { self == .topTrailing || self == .bottomTrailing }

+    /// The corner as a `UnitPoint`, so a scale transition grows/shrinks the HUD out of its own
+    /// corner rather than its centre.
+    var unitPoint: UnitPoint {
+        switch self {
+        case .topLeading: return .topLeading
+        case .topTrailing: return .topTrailing
+        case .bottomLeading: return .bottomLeading
+        case .bottomTrailing: return .bottomTrailing
+        }
+    }
+
    /// User-facing corner label.
    var label: String {
        switch self {
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ final class HostWaker: ObservableObject {
        var timedOut = false
    }

-    /// nil = idle; non-nil drives `WakeOverlay`.
+    /// nil = idle; non-nil drives the "Waking…" phase of `ConnectOverlay`.
    @Published private(set) var waking: Waking?

    /// How long to wait for the host to reappear before giving up. Generous — a cold boot + service
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+// The resize overlay (design/midstream-resolution-resize.md — client resize UX). A Match-window
+// resize renegotiates the host's virtual display + encoder and re-inits the local VideoToolbox
+// decoder on the first new-mode IDR — an unavoidable sub-second gap where the last frame lingers,
+// briefly freezes, or the picture pops to the new geometry. Rather than let that read as a stutter,
+// we make it DELIBERATE: the caller blurs the live stream and this centered spinner + caption
+// acknowledges the transition. It clears the instant a frame at the requested size decodes (the
+// `onDecodedSize` END signal) or on the follower's safety timeout — see `SessionModel.resizing`.
+//
+// Floating overlay, never a hit-test target: input keeps flowing to the stream underneath so a
+// resize the user triggers by dragging the window never swallows their next click.
+
+import PunktfunkKit
+import SwiftUI
+
+struct ResizeIndicatorView: View {
+    /// Mirrors `SessionModel.resizing`; the fade in/out is driven off this.
+    let active: Bool
+
+    var body: some View {
+        ZStack {
+            if active {
+                VStack(spacing: 12) {
+                    ProgressView().controlSize(.large).tint(.white)
+                    Text("Resizing…")
+                        .font(.geist(15, .medium, relativeTo: .callout))
+                        .foregroundStyle(.white.opacity(0.85))
+                }
+                .padding(.horizontal, 30)
+                .padding(.vertical, 24)
+                .glassBackground(RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 20, style: .continuous))
+                .overlay(
+                    RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 20, style: .continuous)
+                        .strokeBorder(.white.opacity(0.12), lineWidth: 1))
+                .transition(.opacity.combined(with: .scale(scale: 0.92)))
+            }
+        }
+        .environment(\.colorScheme, .dark) // the spinner + glass read over any frame
+        .animation(.easeInOut(duration: 0.22), value: active)
+        .allowsHitTesting(false) // the stream keeps receiving input the whole time
+    }
+}
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // handshake phase, and the pump-thread → main-actor stats relay.

 import Foundation
+import os
 import PunktfunkKit
 import SwiftUI

@@ -10,6 +11,15 @@ import SwiftUI
 #elseif canImport(UIKit)
    import UIKit
 #endif
+#if os(tvOS)
+    import AVFoundation // AVPlayer.eligibleForHDRPlayback — the TV-capability HDR gate
+#endif
+
+/// 1 Hz latency-stage line mirrored to the unified log so the stages can be read WITHOUT the
+/// on-screen HUD (Console.app, wirelessly on an iPad/Apple TV). The HUD is not a neutral
+/// instrument: any visible overlay forces the metal layer through the compositor, which costs a
+/// refresh period on the vsync-latched platforms — this is how to measure with it off.
+private let statsLog = Logger(subsystem: "io.unom.punktfunk", category: "stats")

 /// Pump-thread-side frame counters; a 1 Hz main-actor timer drains them into @Published
 /// values. NSLock instead of an actor — the writer is the (non-async) pump thread.
@@ -99,6 +109,16 @@ final class SessionModel: ObservableObject {
    /// Mirrors StreamView's capture state (it owns the input capture; this drives the
    /// HUD's "click to capture" / "⌘⎋ releases" hint).
    @Published var mouseCaptured = false
+    /// Resize overlay (design/midstream-resolution-resize.md — client resize UX): true from the
+    /// instant a Match-window resize starts steering toward a new size until a frame at that size
+    /// decodes (or a safety timeout). Drives the blur+spinner so the unavoidable host-rebuild delay
+    /// reads as a deliberate, acknowledged transition instead of a stutter. Pure state lives in
+    /// `ResizeIndicator`; this mirrors its `active` for SwiftUI.
+    @Published private(set) var resizing = false
+    /// START = follower steering (main actor), END = a new-mode IDR's coded dims (decode pump,
+    /// hopped to main), TIMEOUT = safety net for a rejected/capped switch that never yields a
+    /// differently-sized frame. Ticked from the 1 Hz stats timer.
+    private var resizeIndicator = ResizeIndicator()

    let meter = FrameMeter()
    /// Capture→received (the host+network stage), fed per AU at receipt by the stream view's
@@ -119,6 +139,12 @@ final class SessionModel: ObservableObject {
    private var audio: SessionAudio?
    private var gamepadCapture: GamepadCapture?
    private var gamepadFeedback: GamepadFeedback?
+    #if os(tvOS)
+    /// Siri Remote → host pointer while streaming (touch surface moves, press = left click,
+    /// Play/Pause = right click) + the remote's deliberate exit (hold Back ≥ 1 s). See
+    /// SiriRemotePointer — same trust gate/lifecycle as the gamepad capture above.
+    private var remotePointer: SiriRemotePointer?
+    #endif

    var isBusy: Bool { phase != .idle }

@@ -163,13 +189,25 @@ final class SessionModel: ObservableObject {
        let displayHDR: Bool = {
            #if os(macOS)
                return (NSScreen.main?.maximumExtendedDynamicRangeColorComponentValue ?? 1.0) > 1.0
+            #elseif os(tvOS)
+                // NOT the EDR headroom here: on tvOS that reflects the CURRENT output mode, and
+                // Apple's recommended setup runs an SDR home screen with Match Content — an
+                // HDR-capable TV would read 1.0 at connect time and never be advertised. The
+                // session switches the display to HDR10 itself once streaming (AVDisplayManager —
+                // see StreamViewIOS), so gate on the TV's mode-independent capability; if the
+                // switch never lands, the presenter's in-shader tone-map keeps PQ safe anyway.
+                return AVPlayer.eligibleForHDRPlayback
            #else
                return UIScreen.main.potentialEDRHeadroom > 1.0
            #endif
        }()
        let hdrCapable = hdrEnabled && displayHDR
-        // 4:4:4 opt-out (default on); the hardware-decode probe below is the real gate.
-        let want444 = (UserDefaults.standard.object(forKey: DefaultsKey.enable444) as? Bool) ?? true
+        // 4:4:4 opt-IN (default off): full chroma is a per-client choice — a clear win for
+        // desktop/text work, but at a fixed bitrate it spends bits on chroma that game content
+        // doesn't visibly need, and the encode/decode pixel rate rises. The host allows it by
+        // default (PUNKTFUNK_444, default on), so this toggle is the one real switch; the
+        // hardware-decode probe below still gates what can actually be advertised.
+        let want444 = (UserDefaults.standard.object(forKey: DefaultsKey.enable444) as? Bool) ?? false
        Task.detached(priority: .userInitiated) {
            // PunktfunkConnection.init blocks on the QUIC handshake — keep it off the main
            // actor. The persistent identity is presented on every connect so a paired
@@ -300,6 +338,10 @@ final class SessionModel: ObservableObject {
        // connection is still up); the feedback drain joins off-main like audio.
        gamepadCapture?.stop()
        gamepadCapture = nil
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        remotePointer?.stop() // releases any held click while the connection is still up
+        remotePointer = nil
+        #endif
        let feedback = gamepadFeedback
        gamepadFeedback = nil
        if let conn = connection {
@@ -332,6 +374,8 @@ final class SessionModel: ObservableObject {
        lostFrames = 0
        lostPct = 0
        mouseCaptured = false
+        resizing = false
+        resizeIndicator = ResizeIndicator() // no stale target/timer into the next session
    }

    /// Called (via the main actor) when the pump hits end-of-session.
@@ -342,6 +386,23 @@ final class SessionModel: ObservableObject {
        errorMessage = "Session ended by \(name)."
    }

+    /// Resize overlay START (main actor — from the Match-window follower's `onResizeTarget`): the
+    /// window began differing from the live mode, so a `Reconfigure` toward `(width, height)` is
+    /// imminent. Show the blur+spinner immediately, before the debounced request even leaves.
+    func resizeTargeted(width: UInt32, height: UInt32) {
+        resizeIndicator.steering(
+            width: width, height: height, now: Date().timeIntervalSinceReferenceDate)
+        resizing = resizeIndicator.active
+    }
+
+    /// Resize overlay END (main actor — hopped from the decode pump's `onDecodedSize`): a new-mode
+    /// IDR decoded at `(width, height)`. Clears the overlay only when that matches the size we're
+    /// steering to (a same-size loss-recovery IDR, or the initial connect IDR, is a no-op).
+    func resizeDecoded(width: Int, height: Int) {
+        resizeIndicator.decoded(width: UInt32(max(width, 0)), height: UInt32(max(height, 0)))
+        resizing = resizeIndicator.active
+    }
+
    private func beginStreaming() {
        guard let conn = connection else { return }
        // Input capture itself is owned by StreamView (engaged by the captureEnabled
@@ -358,16 +419,26 @@ final class SessionModel: ObservableObject {
            micChannel: defaults.integer(forKey: DefaultsKey.micChannel),
            micEnabled: defaults.object(forKey: DefaultsKey.micEnabled) as? Bool ?? true)
        self.audio = audio
-        // Gamepads: forward GamepadManager's active controller as pad 0 and render the
-        // host's feedback (rumble always; lightbar/player-LEDs/adaptive-triggers when the
-        // session's virtual pad is a DualSense). Same trust gate as audio — nothing is
+        // Gamepads: forward every controller GamepadManager selected — each on its own wire pad
+        // index (a pin forwards only one, Automatic forwards all) — and render the host's feedback
+        // back to the pad it's addressed to (rumble always; lightbar/player-LEDs/adaptive-triggers
+        // when a pad's virtual device is a DualSense). Same trust gate as audio — nothing is
        // forwarded during the trust prompt.
        let capture = GamepadCapture(connection: conn, manager: .shared)
+        // The cross-client escape chord (hold L1+R1+Start+Select 1.5 s) — on tvOS the only
+        // controller way out of a stream (B/Menu is swallowed during sessions; see ContentView).
+        capture.onDisconnectRequest = { [weak self] in self?.disconnect() }
        capture.start()
        gamepadCapture = capture
        let feedback = GamepadFeedback(connection: conn, manager: .shared)
        feedback.start()
        gamepadFeedback = feedback
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        let pointer = SiriRemotePointer(connection: conn)
+        pointer.onDisconnectRequest = { [weak self] in self?.disconnect() }
+        pointer.start()
+        remotePointer = pointer
+        #endif
    }

    private func startStatsTimer() {
@@ -376,6 +447,11 @@ final class SessionModel: ObservableObject {
        let timer = Timer(timeInterval: 1.0, repeats: true) { [weak self] _ in
            guard let self else { return }
            Task { @MainActor in
+                // Resize-overlay safety net: clear a stuck overlay when a targeted size never
+                // decodes (a rejected/capped switch). The decoded-frame END clears it promptly on
+                // success; this only fires after the timeout.
+                self.resizeIndicator.tick(now: Date().timeIntervalSinceReferenceDate)
+                self.resizing = self.resizeIndicator.active
                let (frames, bytes, total) = self.meter.drain()
                self.fps = frames
                self.mbps = Double(bytes) * 8 / 1_000_000
@@ -429,12 +505,32 @@ final class SessionModel: ObservableObject {
                } else {
                    self.decodeValid = false
                }
-                if let d = self.displayStage.drain() {
+                let displayWindow = self.displayStage.drain()
+                if let d = displayWindow {
                    self.displayP50Ms = d.p50Ms
                    self.displayValid = true
                } else {
                    self.displayValid = false
                }
+                // Mirror the window to the unified log (see statsLog) — one line per second,
+                // stages in ms, only while frames actually flowed. `fps` counts RECEIVED AUs;
+                // `presents` counts frames that reached glass (the display meter's sample count)
+                // — a presents≪fps gap is the presenter dropping/serializing, an fps deficit is
+                // upstream (host capture/encode or the network).
+                if frames > 0 {
+                    let line = String(
+                        format: "fps=%d presents=%d e2e_p50=%.1f e2e_p95=%.1f hostnet_p50=%.1f "
+                            + "decode_p50=%.1f display_p50=%.1f lost=%d",
+                        frames,
+                        displayWindow?.count ?? 0,
+                        self.endToEndValid ? self.endToEndP50Ms : -1,
+                        self.endToEndValid ? self.endToEndP95Ms : -1,
+                        self.hostNetworkValid ? self.hostNetworkP50Ms : -1,
+                        self.decodeValid ? self.decodeP50Ms : -1,
+                        self.displayValid ? self.displayP50Ms : -1,
+                        lost)
+                    statsLog.info("\(line, privacy: .public)")
+                }
            }
        }
        // .common so the HUD keeps updating during window drags / menu tracking.
@@ -5,8 +5,9 @@
 // (the Linux client has its GTK Shortcuts window, Windows its start-of-stream banner). While
 // input is CAPTURED these key equivalents never reach the menu (the stream view swallows
 // keys); InputCapture's monitor detects the same combos there and performs the same actions —
-// the menu covers the released state and discoverability. The stats toggle just flips the
-// shared `hudEnabled` setting; ContentView reads the same @AppStorage and reacts.
+// the menu covers the released state and discoverability. The stats item cycles the shared
+// `statsVerbosity` tier (off → compact → normal → detailed → off); ContentView reads the same
+// @AppStorage and reacts.
 //
 // tvOS has no menu bar / hardware-keyboard command surface (disconnect there is the Siri
 // Remote's Menu button, handled by ContentView's `.onExitCommand`), so this whole file is
@@ -36,12 +37,16 @@ extension FocusedValues {

 struct StreamCommands: Commands {
    @FocusedValue(\.sessionFocus) private var session
-    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.hudEnabled) private var hudEnabled = true
+    // The raw string so @AppStorage observes the shared key; the absent-key default runs the
+    // legacy-hudEnabled migration (same pattern as ContentView/SettingsView).
+    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.statsVerbosity) private var statsVerbosityRaw
+        = StatsVerbosity.current.rawValue

    var body: some Commands {
        CommandMenu("Stream") {
-            Button(hudEnabled ? "Hide Statistics" : "Show Statistics") {
-                hudEnabled.toggle()
+            Button("Cycle Statistics") {
+                let current = StatsVerbosity(rawValue: statsVerbosityRaw) ?? .normal
+                statsVerbosityRaw = current.next().rawValue
            }
            .keyboardShortcut("s", modifiers: [.control, .option, .shift])
            // Reaches the key window's stream view via NotificationCenter — capture is view
@@ -1,17 +1,81 @@
-// The streaming overlay HUD: mode + fps/throughput, the unified latency lines
-// (design/stats-unification.md — end-to-end headline + the stage equation under stage-2, the
-// capture→received headline under the stage-1 fallback), the loss counter, the platform input
-// hint, and disconnect.
+// The streaming overlay HUD, tiered by StatsVerbosity (the Android client's 3-tier semantics):
+//  * compact — one glass-pill line: fps · end-to-end p50 · throughput (+ loss when lossy);
+//  * normal — mode + fps/throughput, the unified latency HEADLINE (design/stats-unification.md
+//    — end-to-end under stage-2, capture→received under the stage-1 fallback), the loss
+//    counter, a capture hint (shown until input is captured), and disconnect;
+//  * detailed — everything normal has plus the stage equation line(s) under the headline.
+// `.off` never reaches this view (ContentView gates the overlay on the tier).

 import PunktfunkKit
 import SwiftUI
+#if canImport(UIKit)
+import UIKit
+#endif

 struct StreamHUDView: View {
    @ObservedObject var model: SessionModel
    let connection: PunktfunkConnection
    var placement: HUDPlacement = .topTrailing
+    let verbosity: StatsVerbosity

    var body: some View {
+        // .off is gated upstream (ContentView only mounts the HUD when the tier is on) —
+        // render nothing if it ever slips through.
+        if verbosity != .off {
+            // ONE shared glass card wraps the tier-dependent content, so a verbosity change MORPHS
+            // this card — its frame (and, on iOS, its clamped corner) animate to the new size — rather
+            // than cross-fading a whole new card in. Only the inner content switches per tier.
+            tierContent
+                .padding(cardPadding)
+                .glassBackground(cardShape)
+                .padding(edgeInset)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// The tier-dependent content, unwrapped (the shared card in `body` supplies the padding +
+    /// glass background). Compact is a one-line pill; normal/detailed the full stack.
+    @ViewBuilder private var tierContent: some View {
+        if verbosity == .compact {
+            compactContent
+        } else {
+            fullContent
+        }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Compact tier
+
+    /// One line: `{fps} fps · {e2e p50} ms · {mbps} Mb/s`. The ms segment is the best available
+    /// latency headline (stage-2 end-to-end, else the stage-1 capture→received) and is omitted until
+    /// either is valid. Loss appends in the same quiet styling the full HUD's lost line uses.
+    private var compactContent: some View {
+        HStack(spacing: 6) {
+            Circle()
+                .fill(Color.accentColor)
+                .frame(width: 7, height: 7)
+            Text(compactLine)
+                .font(.system(.caption, design: .monospaced))
+            if model.lostFrames > 0 {
+                Text("· lost \(model.lostFrames)")
+                    .font(.system(.caption2, design: .monospaced))
+                    .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private var compactLine: String {
+        var parts = ["\(model.fps) fps"]
+        if model.endToEndValid {
+            parts.append(String(format: "%.1f ms", model.endToEndP50Ms))
+        } else if model.hostNetworkValid {
+            parts.append(String(format: "%.1f ms", model.hostNetworkP50Ms))
+        }
+        parts.append(String(format: "%.1f Mb/s", model.mbps))
+        return parts.joined(separator: " · ")
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Normal / detailed tiers
+
+    private var fullContent: some View {
        VStack(alignment: placement.isTrailing ? .trailing : .leading, spacing: 4) {
            HStack(spacing: 6) {
                Circle()
@@ -26,11 +90,11 @@ struct StreamHUDView: View {
                Text("end-to-end \(model.endToEndP50Ms, specifier: "%.1f") ms p50 · \(model.endToEndP95Ms, specifier: "%.1f") p95 · capture→on-glass\(model.endToEndSkewCorrected ? "" : " (same-host clock)")")
                    .font(.system(.caption2, design: .monospaced))
                    .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
-                // The equation: the stages tiling the headline interval (per-window p50s —
-                // they only approximately sum to the directly-measured total). With a host
-                // that reports per-AU timings (0xCF) the first term splits into host + network
-                // (phase 2); an old host keeps the combined term.
-                if model.hostNetworkValid && model.decodeValid && model.displayValid {
+                // The equation (detailed tier only): the stages tiling the headline interval
+                // (per-window p50s — they only approximately sum to the directly-measured
+                // total). With a host that reports per-AU timings (0xCF) the first term splits
+                // into host + network (phase 2); an old host keeps the combined term.
+                if verbosity == .detailed && model.hostNetworkValid && model.decodeValid && model.displayValid {
                    if model.splitValid {
                        Text("= host \(model.hostP50Ms, specifier: "%.1f") + network \(model.networkP50Ms, specifier: "%.1f") + decode \(model.decodeP50Ms, specifier: "%.1f") + display \(model.displayP50Ms, specifier: "%.1f")")
                            .font(.system(.caption2, design: .monospaced))
@@ -45,11 +109,12 @@ struct StreamHUDView: View {
                // Stage-1 fallback presenter: the layer decodes + presents internally with no
                // per-frame stamp, so the honest headline ends at receipt. The host/network
                // split still applies there (receipt is presenter-independent) — it becomes the
-                // only equation line; without it, host+network IS the whole measured interval.
+                // only equation line (detailed tier); without it, host+network IS the whole
+                // measured interval.
                Text("capture→received \(model.hostNetworkP50Ms, specifier: "%.1f") ms p50 · \(model.hostNetworkP95Ms, specifier: "%.1f") p95\(model.hostNetworkSkewCorrected ? "" : " (same-host clock)")")
                    .font(.system(.caption2, design: .monospaced))
                    .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
-                if model.splitValid {
+                if verbosity == .detailed && model.splitValid {
                    Text("= host \(model.hostP50Ms, specifier: "%.1f") + network \(model.networkP50Ms, specifier: "%.1f")")
                        .font(.system(.caption2, design: .monospaced))
                        .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
@@ -63,47 +128,104 @@ struct StreamHUDView: View {
                    .font(.system(.caption2, design: .monospaced))
                    .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
            }
-            // While captured the cursor is hidden+frozen, so the button is keyboard-only
-            // (⌃⌥⇧Q — the cross-client Ctrl+Alt+Shift+Q — or ⌘⎋/Cmd+Tab release the cursor;
-            // released, it's clickable again).
+            // Capture hint, shown only until input is captured — how to grab it. The RELEASE
+            // shortcut is intentionally not surfaced in the overlay (it lives on the Stream menu
+            // and, on macOS, the start-of-stream banner), keeping the HUD uncluttered while playing.
            #if os(macOS)
-            Text(model.mouseCaptured
-                ? "⌃⌥⇧Q releases the mouse"
-                : "Click the stream to capture input")
-                .font(.geist(11, relativeTo: .caption2))
-                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+            if !model.mouseCaptured {
+                Text("Click the stream to capture input")
+                    .font(.geist(11, relativeTo: .caption2))
+                    .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+            }
            #elseif os(iOS)
-            // Touch always plays directly; ⌘⎋ (hardware keyboard) toggles kb/mouse.
-            Text(model.mouseCaptured
-                ? "⌘⎋ releases keyboard & mouse"
-                : "⌘⎋ captures keyboard & mouse")
-                .font(.geist(11, relativeTo: .caption2))
-                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+            // Touch always plays directly; ⌘⎋ (hardware keyboard) captures kb/mouse.
+            if !model.mouseCaptured {
+                Text("⌘⎋ captures keyboard & mouse")
+                    .font(.geist(11, relativeTo: .caption2))
+                    .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+            }
            #endif
-            #if os(tvOS)
-            // No focusable control during play: a focusable button steals the controller's
-            // A press (the focus engine consumes it before the host sees it). Disconnect is
-            // the Siri Remote's Menu button (.onExitCommand on the stream) — just hint it.
-            Text("Press Menu to disconnect")
-                .font(.geist(12, relativeTo: .caption))
-                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
-            #else
            // ⌃⌥⇧D lives on the app's Stream menu (so it still works when the HUD is hidden)
            // and in InputCapture's monitor while captured; this button is the in-overlay,
-            // click-to-disconnect affordance.
+            // click-to-disconnect affordance. tvOS deliberately gets NEITHER a button (a
+            // focusable control would steal the controller's A press from the host) NOR a hint
+            // line: the exits are the hold gestures the start-of-stream banner teaches (hold
+            // the remote's Back; hold L1+R1+Start+Select on a pad).
            #if os(macOS)
            Button("Disconnect (⌃⌥⇧D)") { model.disconnect() }
                .font(.geist(12, relativeTo: .caption))
-            #else
+            #elseif os(iOS)
            Button("Disconnect") { model.disconnect() }
                .font(.geist(12, relativeTo: .caption))
            #endif
-            #endif
        }
-        .padding(10)
-        // Floating HUD over live video — the canonical Liquid-Glass overlay surface (26+);
-        // falls back to .regularMaterial below 26 (see GlassStyle).
-        .glassBackground(RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 10))
-        .padding(10)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Card metrics
+
+    /// The card's inner content padding. Roomier on tvOS — the stat text auto-scales for the
+    /// couch (relative system styles), so the card's chrome must keep pace or it reads cramped.
+    private var cardPadding: CGFloat {
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        return 16
+        #else
+        return 10
+        #endif
+    }
+
+    /// The OUTER gap between the card and the screen edge. On iOS the card hugs a physically
+    /// rounded display corner, so it sits a little further in and pairs with a concentric corner
+    /// radius (below); tvOS floats it well clear of the TV's overscan-ish edge; macOS windows
+    /// keep the classic 10.
+    private var edgeInset: CGFloat {
+        #if os(iOS)
+        return 14
+        #elseif os(tvOS)
+        return 24
+        #else
+        return 10
+        #endif
+    }
+
+    /// The card's corner radius. On iOS it's concentric with the physical display corner —
+    /// `displayCornerRadius − edgeInset`, so the gap to the screen edge stays uniform right around the
+    /// corner instead of a small-radius card cutting into the very rounded glass. Clamped so a
+    /// flat-cornered device (or a hidden radius) still gets a sensibly rounded card.
+    private var cardCornerRadius: CGFloat {
+        #if os(iOS)
+        return max(12, DeviceMetrics.displayCornerRadius - edgeInset)
+        #elseif os(tvOS)
+        return 16 // scales with the roomier padding
+        #else
+        return 10
+        #endif
+    }
+
+    /// The card background shape — a continuous (squircle) rounded rectangle, matching the curve
+    /// Apple's hardware display corners use so the concentric inset actually reads as parallel.
+    private var cardShape: RoundedRectangle {
+        RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: cardCornerRadius, style: .continuous)
    }
 }
+
+#if os(iOS)
+/// Device display geometry the overlay needs but UIKit doesn't expose publicly.
+enum DeviceMetrics {
+    /// The physical display's corner radius. There's no public API for it, so read the private
+    /// `_displayCornerRadius` via KVC on the active window scene's screen, guarded by a fallback that
+    /// approximates a modern rounded device — a future OS that hides the key just yields a slightly
+    /// less-perfect inset, never a crash. The key is assembled from parts so it isn't a plain literal
+    /// in the binary; note the App Store private-API consideration regardless.
+    static var displayCornerRadius: CGFloat {
+        let key = ["_display", "Corner", "Radius"].joined()
+        guard
+            let screen = UIApplication.shared.connectedScenes
+                .compactMap({ $0 as? UIWindowScene })
+                .first?.screen,
+            let radius = screen.value(forKey: key) as? NSNumber,
+            radius.doubleValue > 0
+        else { return 44 }
+        return CGFloat(radius.doubleValue)
+    }
+}
+#endif
@@ -1,13 +1,25 @@
 import PunktfunkKit
 import SwiftUI

-/// Open-source acknowledgements: punktfunk's own license (MIT OR Apache-2.0) followed by the
+/// Open-source acknowledgements: Punktfunk's own license (MIT OR Apache-2.0) followed by the
 /// third-party software notices. Used as a pushed view on iOS/tvOS and a preferences tab on macOS.
 struct AcknowledgementsView: View {
    private var version: String? {
        Bundle.main.infoDictionary?["CFBundleShortVersionString"] as? String
    }

+    // TV-legible sizes for the explicitly-sized text; the in-hand sizes elsewhere. (The license
+    // walls use relative system styles, which already scale per platform.)
+    #if os(tvOS)
+    private static let titleFont: CGFloat = 36
+    private static let headlineFont: CGFloat = 26
+    private static let captionFont: CGFloat = 20
+    #else
+    private static let titleFont: CGFloat = 22
+    private static let headlineFont: CGFloat = 17
+    private static let captionFont: CGFloat = 12
+    #endif
+
    var body: some View {
        ScrollView {
            // Top-level LazyVStack so the third-party-notices chunks (Licenses.thirdPartyNoticesChunks,
@@ -16,42 +28,40 @@ struct AcknowledgementsView: View {
            // notice chunks visually continuous; the header block carries its own spacing + bottom pad.
            LazyVStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 0) {
                VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 18) {
-                    Text("punktfunk")
-                        .font(.geist(22, .bold, relativeTo: .title2))
+                    Text("Punktfunk")
+                        .font(.geist(Self.titleFont, .bold, relativeTo: .title2))
                    if let version {
                        Text("Version \(version)")
-                            .font(.geist(12, relativeTo: .caption))
+                            .font(.geist(Self.captionFont, relativeTo: .caption))
                            .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                    }
-                    Text(Licenses.appLicense)
+                    LicenseWall(text: Licenses.appLicense)
                        .font(.caption.monospaced())
-                        .modifier(SelectableText())

                    Divider()

                    Text("Bundled font")
-                        .font(.geist(17, .semibold, relativeTo: .headline))
-                    Text("punktfunk ships the Geist typeface (Geist Sans), "
+                        .font(.geist(Self.headlineFont, .semibold, relativeTo: .headline))
+                    Text("Punktfunk ships the Geist typeface (Geist Sans), "
                        + "© The Geist Project Authors / Vercel, used under the SIL Open Font "
                        + "License 1.1.")
-                        .font(.geist(12, relativeTo: .caption))
+                        .font(.geist(Self.captionFont, relativeTo: .caption))
                        .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                    if !Licenses.fontLicense.isEmpty {
-                        Text(Licenses.fontLicense)
+                        LicenseWall(text: Licenses.fontLicense)
                            .font(.caption2.monospaced())
-                            .modifier(SelectableText())
                    }

                    Divider()

                    Text("Third-party software")
-                        .font(.geist(17, .semibold, relativeTo: .headline))
+                        .font(.geist(Self.headlineFont, .semibold, relativeTo: .headline))
                    Text(
-                        "punktfunk uses the open-source components below, each under its own license. "
+                        "Punktfunk uses the open-source components below, each under its own license. "
                            + "On some platforms FFmpeg is additionally bundled under the LGPL v2.1+ "
                            + "(dynamically linked, replaceable)."
                    )
-                    .font(.geist(12, relativeTo: .caption))
+                    .font(.geist(Self.captionFont, relativeTo: .caption))
                    .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                }
                .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
@@ -62,6 +72,7 @@ struct AcknowledgementsView: View {
                        .font(.caption2.monospaced())
                        .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
                        .modifier(SelectableText())
+                        .modifier(TVFocusable())
                }
            }
            .frame(maxWidth: 900, alignment: .leading)
@@ -85,3 +96,40 @@ private struct SelectableText: ViewModifier {
        #endif
    }
 }
+
+/// Focus IS scrolling on tvOS: with nothing focusable in this pushed screen the license wall
+/// couldn't move at all, and a Menu press had nothing inside the NavigationStack to route
+/// through — it suspended the whole app instead of popping. Plain (non-interactive) focusability
+/// on every license/notice chunk fixes both; a chunk is sized to about two thirds of a screen
+/// (see Licenses.chunked), so each focus step reads as a page turn. The chunks must be SMALL
+/// focus stops all the way down — one tall focusable block would strand focus at its top and the
+/// next stop could sit past the LazyVStack's instantiation window.
+private struct TVFocusable: ViewModifier {
+    func body(content: Content) -> some View {
+        #if os(tvOS)
+            content.focusable()
+        #else
+            content
+        #endif
+    }
+}
+
+/// One license wall: a single selectable Text on touch/desktop; on tvOS, focus-page-sized
+/// chunks (see TVFocusable). The caller's `.font` cascades into either form.
+private struct LicenseWall: View {
+    let text: String
+
+    var body: some View {
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        let chunks = Licenses.chunked(text)
+        ForEach(chunks.indices, id: \.self) { i in
+            Text(chunks[i])
+                .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
+                .modifier(TVFocusable())
+        }
+        #else
+        Text(text)
+            .modifier(SelectableText())
+        #endif
+    }
+}
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// The gamepad-driven settings screen (iOS/iPadOS/macOS): the couch-relevant subset of SettingsView,
+// The gamepad-driven settings screen (iOS/iPadOS/macOS/tvOS): the couch-relevant subset of SettingsView,
 // restyled as a console settings page and fully navigable with a controller — up/down moves the
 // focus bar, left/right steps the focused value, A cycles/toggles it, B closes. Shown from the
 // gamepad home launcher (X); the touch SettingsView remains the full-fidelity editor (custom
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@

 import PunktfunkKit
 import SwiftUI
-#if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
+#if os(iOS) || os(macOS) || os(tvOS)
 import GameController

 struct GamepadSettingsView: View {
@@ -26,13 +26,18 @@ struct GamepadSettingsView: View {
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.bitrateKbps) private var bitrateKbps = 0
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.audioChannels) private var audioChannels = 2
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.hdrEnabled) private var hdrEnabled = true
-    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.enable444) private var enable444 = true
+    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.enable444) private var enable444 = false
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.codec) private var codec = "auto"
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.micEnabled) private var micEnabled = true
-    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.hudEnabled) private var hudEnabled = true
+    // The overlay tier's raw string (rows tag by rawValue); the absent-key default runs the
+    // legacy-hudEnabled migration (same pattern as ContentView/SettingsView).
+    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.statsVerbosity) private var statsVerbosityRaw
+        = StatsVerbosity.current.rawValue
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.hudPlacement) private var hudPlacement = HUDPlacement.topTrailing.rawValue
-    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.libraryEnabled) private var libraryEnabled = false
+    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.libraryEnabled) private var libraryEnabled = true
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.gamepadUIEnabled) private var gamepadUIEnabled = true
+    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.autoWake) private var autoWakeEnabled = true
+    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.presenter) private var presenter = SettingsOptions.presenterDefault
    @ObservedObject private var gamepads = GamepadManager.shared

    #if os(iOS)
@@ -44,6 +49,9 @@ struct GamepadSettingsView: View {
    private let compact = false // no size classes on macOS; the sheet is sized generously
    #endif
    @State private var focusID: String?
+    /// The direction of the last value step (+1 right/forward, -1 left) — picks which edge the
+    /// changed value slides in from, so the animation follows the user's motion.
+    @State private var lastAdjustDelta = 1

    var body: some View {
        GamepadMenuList(
@@ -54,13 +62,13 @@ struct GamepadSettingsView: View {
            onBack: { dismiss() }
        ) { row, focused in
            rowView(row, focused: focused)
-                .frame(maxWidth: 620)
+                .frame(maxWidth: GamepadFormMetrics.rowMaxWidth)
                .padding(.horizontal, 24)
        }
        .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
        .safeAreaInset(edge: .top, spacing: 0) {
            Text("Settings")
-                .font(.geist(compact ? 20 : 30, .bold, relativeTo: .title))
+                .font(.geist(gamepadTitleSize(compact: compact), .bold, relativeTo: .title))
                .foregroundStyle(.white)
                .padding(.top, gamepadTitleTopPadding(compact: compact))
                .padding(.bottom, compact ? 4 : 8)
@@ -71,7 +79,7 @@ struct GamepadSettingsView: View {
        .safeAreaInset(edge: .bottom, alignment: .leading, spacing: 0) {
            VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 8) {
                Text(focusedDetail)
-                    .font(.geist(13, relativeTo: .caption))
+                    .font(.geist(GamepadFormMetrics.detailFont, relativeTo: .caption))
                    .foregroundStyle(.white.opacity(0.55))
                    .lineLimit(2, reservesSpace: true)
                    .animation(.smooth(duration: 0.2), value: focusID)
@@ -104,61 +112,78 @@ struct GamepadSettingsView: View {
    private var closeButton: some View {
        Button { dismiss() } label: {
            Image(systemName: "xmark")
-                .font(.system(size: 14, weight: .semibold))
+                .font(.system(size: GamepadFormMetrics.closeFont, weight: .semibold))
                .foregroundStyle(.white)
-                .frame(width: 34, height: 34)
+                .frame(width: GamepadFormMetrics.closeSide, height: GamepadFormMetrics.closeSide)
                .glassBackground(Circle(), interactive: true)
                .contentShape(Circle())
        }
        .buttonStyle(.plain)
-        .keyboardShortcut(.cancelAction)
+        #if !os(tvOS)
+        .keyboardShortcut(.cancelAction) // unavailable on tvOS (Menu is the cancel there)
+        #endif
        .accessibilityLabel("Close settings")
    }

    // MARK: - Row rendering

    private func rowView(_ row: Row, focused: Bool) -> some View {
-        VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 6) {
+        let m = GamepadFormMetrics.self
+        return VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 6) {
            if let header = row.header {
                Text(header)
-                    .font(.geist(12, .semibold, relativeTo: .caption))
+                    .font(.geist(m.headerFont, .semibold, relativeTo: .caption))
                    .tracking(1.4)
                    .foregroundStyle(.white.opacity(0.45))
-                    .padding(.leading, 16)
+                    .padding(.leading, m.rowHPad)
                    .padding(.top, 14)
            }
            HStack(spacing: 14) {
                Image(systemName: row.icon)
-                    .font(.system(size: 17))
+                    .font(.system(size: m.iconFont))
                    .foregroundStyle(focused ? Color.brand : .white.opacity(0.55))
-                    .frame(width: 28)
+                    .frame(width: m.iconWidth)
                Text(row.label)
-                    .font(.geist(16, .semibold, relativeTo: .body))
+                    .font(.geist(m.labelFont, .semibold, relativeTo: .body))
                    .foregroundStyle(.white)
                    .lineLimit(1)
                Spacer(minLength: 12)
                HStack(spacing: 9) {
                    Image(systemName: "chevron.left")
-                        .font(.system(size: 12, weight: .semibold))
+                        .font(.system(size: m.chevronFont, weight: .semibold))
                        .foregroundStyle(.white.opacity(focused ? 0.6 : 0))
-                    Text(row.value)
-                        .font(.geist(15, .medium, relativeTo: .callout))
-                        .foregroundStyle(focused ? .white : .white.opacity(0.6))
-                        .lineLimit(1)
+                    // Keyed by the value so a change slides the new option in instead of
+                    // hard-swapping the string — a QUIET horizontal slip following the user's
+                    // motion (a right-step enters from the right), crossfading over ~14 pt.
+                    // Deliberately not `.push`: that travels the whole container width, loud
+                    // and visibly outside the row. The ZStack is the stable home the
+                    // removed/inserted texts transition within.
+                    let slide: CGFloat = lastAdjustDelta >= 0 ? 14 : -14
+                    ZStack {
+                        Text(row.value)
+                            .font(.geist(m.valueFont, .medium, relativeTo: .callout))
+                            .foregroundStyle(focused ? .white : .white.opacity(0.6))
+                            .lineLimit(1)
+                            .id(row.value)
+                            .transition(.asymmetric(
+                                insertion: .offset(x: slide).combined(with: .opacity),
+                                removal: .offset(x: -slide).combined(with: .opacity)))
+                    }
+                    .animation(.smooth(duration: 0.22), value: row.value)
                    Image(systemName: "chevron.right")
-                        .font(.system(size: 12, weight: .semibold))
+                        .font(.system(size: m.chevronFont, weight: .semibold))
                        .foregroundStyle(.white.opacity(focused ? 0.6 : 0))
                }
            }
-            .padding(.horizontal, 16)
-            .padding(.vertical, 13)
+            .padding(.horizontal, m.rowHPad)
+            .padding(.vertical, m.rowVPad)
            // Every row is Liquid Glass; the focused one takes a brand wash and reacts to press.
            .consoleGlass(
-                RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 14, style: .continuous),
+                RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: m.rowCorner, style: .continuous),
                tint: focused ? Color.brand.opacity(0.30) : nil,
                interactive: focused)
            .overlay {
-                RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 14, style: .continuous)
+                RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: m.rowCorner, style: .continuous)
                    .strokeBorder(.white.opacity(focused ? 0.28 : 0.06), lineWidth: 1)
            }
            .scaleEffect(focused ? 1.0 : 0.98)
@@ -190,10 +215,12 @@ struct GamepadSettingsView: View {
    /// Dispatch by id so the focus list's stored input callbacks always act on freshly built rows
    /// (never on state captured at wire time).
    private func adjust(id: String, by delta: Int) -> Bool {
-        rows.first { $0.id == id }?.adjust(delta) ?? false
+        lastAdjustDelta = delta
+        return rows.first { $0.id == id }?.adjust(delta) ?? false
    }

    private func activate(id: String) {
+        lastAdjustDelta = 1 // A always cycles forward
        rows.first { $0.id == id }?.activate()
    }

@@ -232,6 +259,11 @@ struct GamepadSettingsView: View {
                    + "available on the host.",
                options: SettingsOptions.compositors, current: compositor
            ) { compositor = $0 },
+            toggleRow(
+                id: "autoWake", icon: "power", label: "Auto-wake on connect",
+                detail: "Send Wake-on-LAN to a sleeping saved host and wait for it before "
+                    + "streaming. Off connects straight through.",
+                value: $autoWakeEnabled),

            choiceRow(
                id: "codec", header: "Video", icon: "film", label: "Video codec",
@@ -249,6 +281,12 @@ struct GamepadSettingsView: View {
                detail: "Sharper text and UI at more bandwidth — needs host opt-in and "
                    + "hardware decode.",
                value: $enable444),
+            choiceRow(
+                id: "presenter", icon: "rectangle.stack", label: "Presenter",
+                detail: "Stage 3 paces presents to the display — lowest display latency. "
+                    + "Stage 2 shows each frame on arrival. Applies from the next session.",
+                options: SettingsOptions.presenters, current: presenter
+            ) { presenter = $0 },

            choiceRow(
                id: "audio", header: "Audio", icon: "speaker.wave.2", label: "Audio channels",
@@ -271,10 +309,12 @@ struct GamepadSettingsView: View {
                options: SettingsOptions.padTypes, current: gamepadType
            ) { gamepadType = $0 },

-            toggleRow(
+            choiceRow(
                id: "hud", header: "Interface", icon: "chart.bar", label: "Statistics overlay",
-                detail: "Resolution, frame rate, throughput and latency while streaming.",
-                value: $hudEnabled),
+                detail: "How much to show while streaming — Compact is a one-line pill, "
+                    + "Detailed adds the latency stage breakdown.",
+                options: SettingsOptions.statsVerbosities, current: statsVerbosityRaw
+            ) { statsVerbosityRaw = $0 },
            choiceRow(
                id: "hudPlacement", icon: "rectangle.inset.topright.filled", label: "Overlay position",
                detail: "Which corner the statistics overlay sits in.",
@@ -282,8 +322,7 @@ struct GamepadSettingsView: View {
            ) { hudPlacement = $0 },
            toggleRow(
                id: "library", icon: "square.grid.2x2", label: "Game library",
-                detail: "Browse and launch the host's games with \(buttonName(\.buttonY, "Y")) "
-                    + "(experimental).",
+                detail: "Browse and launch the host's games with \(buttonName(\.buttonY, "Y")).",
                value: $libraryEnabled),
            toggleRow(
                id: "gamepadUI", icon: "hand.tap", label: "Controller-optimized UI",
@@ -37,6 +37,34 @@ enum SettingsOptions {
    static let hudPlacements: [(label: String, tag: String)] =
        HUDPlacement.allCases.map { ($0.label, $0.rawValue) }

+    /// Stage-2 vs stage-3 present pacing (`DefaultsKey.presenter` — see SessionPresenter's
+    /// PresenterChoice); the freeze-prone stage-1 diagnostic only ships in DEBUG builds.
+    static var presenters: [(label: String, tag: String)] {
+        var options: [(label: String, tag: String)] = [
+            ("Stage 2", "stage2"),
+            ("Stage 3", "stage3"),
+        ]
+        #if DEBUG
+        options.append(("Stage 1 (debug)", "stage1"))
+        #endif
+        return options
+    }
+
+    /// The platform's presenter default (mirrors SessionPresenter's platformDefault — tvOS runs
+    /// glass pacing, everything else arrival). Views seed their @AppStorage display from this so
+    /// an untouched picker shows what actually runs.
+    static var presenterDefault: String {
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        "stage3"
+        #else
+        "stage2"
+        #endif
+    }
+
+    /// Stats-overlay tiers (`DefaultsKey.statsVerbosity`) — the `tag` is the raw value.
+    static let statsVerbosities: [(label: String, tag: String)] =
+        StatsVerbosity.allCases.map { ($0.label, $0.rawValue) }
+
    /// Video-codec preference (`DefaultsKey.codec`) — a soft preference the host falls back from.
    /// AV1 appears only on devices with an AV1 hardware decoder (the same
    /// `AV1.hardwareDecodeSupported` gate SessionModel advertises by) — elsewhere it would be a
@@ -101,8 +129,8 @@ enum SettingsOptions {
        return options
    }

-    #if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
-    // MARK: - Stream mode (iOS + macOS pickers; tvOS builds its own preset list)
+    // MARK: - Stream mode (iOS/macOS pickers + the gamepad settings rows on all three; the
+    // touch/remote tvOS SettingsView builds its own preset list)

    /// 16:9 then ultrawide presets; the device's native mode is prepended by `resolutionModes`.
    static let resolutionPresets: [(name: String, w: Int, h: Int)] = [
@@ -120,8 +148,8 @@ enum SettingsOptions {
    @MainActor
    static func resolutionModes() -> [(name: String, w: Int, h: Int)] {
        var native: [(name: String, w: Int, h: Int)] = []
-        #if os(iOS)
-        let bounds = UIScreen.main.nativeBounds // portrait-oriented pixels
+        #if os(iOS) || os(tvOS)
+        let bounds = UIScreen.main.nativeBounds // portrait-oriented pixels (tvOS: the TV mode)
        native = [("This device",
                   Int(max(bounds.width, bounds.height)),
                   Int(min(bounds.width, bounds.height)))]
@@ -141,7 +169,7 @@ enum SettingsOptions {
    /// the screen can't show), plus any stored custom value so it stays selectable.
    @MainActor
    static func refreshRates(including current: Int) -> [Int] {
-        #if os(iOS)
+        #if os(iOS) || os(tvOS)
        let maxHz = UIScreen.main.maximumFramesPerSecond
        #else
        let maxHz = NSScreen.main?.maximumFramesPerSecond ?? 60
@@ -151,5 +179,4 @@ enum SettingsOptions {
        if !rates.contains(current) { rates.append(current) }
        return rates.sorted()
    }
-    #endif
 }
@@ -13,6 +13,11 @@ extension SettingsView {
    // failed exactly one slice: the iOS archive (macOS/tvOS never compile that branch).
    @ViewBuilder var streamModeSection: some View {
        Section {
+            #if os(iOS) || os(macOS)
+            // Match-window (design/midstream-resolution-resize.md D1): follow the session
+            // window/scene, renegotiating the host mode on a resize. Off → the explicit mode below.
+            Toggle("Match window", isOn: $matchWindow)
+            #endif
            #if os(iOS)
            iosResolutionWheel
            iosRefreshRows
@@ -35,8 +40,12 @@ extension SettingsView {
        } header: {
            Text("Stream mode")
        } footer: {
-            Text("The host creates a virtual output at exactly this mode — "
-                + "native resolution, no scaling. \(Self.bitrateFooter)")
+            Text(matchWindow
+                ? "The stream follows this window — the host resizes its virtual output to match "
+                    + "as you resize, so the picture stays pixel-exact (1:1) with no scaling. "
+                    + "\(Self.bitrateFooter)"
+                : "The host creates a virtual output at exactly this mode — native resolution, but "
+                    + "a window that isn't this size is scaled to fit. \(Self.bitrateFooter)")
                .font(.geist(12, relativeTo: .caption))
                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
        }
@@ -286,6 +295,24 @@ extension SettingsView {
        }
    }

+    /// Auto-wake on connect — fire Wake-on-LAN + wait for a sleeping saved host to come back before
+    /// giving up. Now available on every platform (the iOS/tvOS multicast entitlement is granted).
+    @ViewBuilder var wakeSection: some View {
+        Section {
+            Toggle("Auto-wake on connect", isOn: $autoWakeEnabled)
+        } header: {
+            Text("Wake-on-LAN")
+        } footer: {
+            Text("Connecting to a saved host that isn't on the network yet sends a Wake-on-LAN "
+                + "packet and waits for it to come back before streaming. Turn off if a host that's "
+                + "already on just isn't visible here (e.g. over a VPN), so connects go straight "
+                + "through instead of waiting out the wake. A host's “Wake” action still works either "
+                + "way.")
+                .font(.geist(12, relativeTo: .caption))
+                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+        }
+    }
+
    @ViewBuilder var windowSection: some View {
        #if os(macOS)
        Section {
@@ -337,28 +364,32 @@ extension SettingsView {
        #endif
    }

-    // Stage-2 (Metal/VTDecompressionSession) is the default and only user-visible presenter — it
-    // recovers from a wedged decoder, where stage-1's AVSampleBufferDisplayLayer freezes hard on a
-    // lost HEVC reference. Stage-1 is kept reachable as a DEBUG-only override for diagnostics, like
-    // the controller test. Empty in release builds (no presenter UI; stage-2 always).
+    // Stage-2 (Metal/VTDecompressionSession, present on frame arrival) is the proven default;
+    // stage-3 is the same pipeline with glass-gated present pacing — a user-visible A/B while the
+    // pacing work settles (see Stage2Pipeline's PresentPacing for the queue-saturation rationale).
+    // Stage-1 (compressed video straight to the system layer) stays a DEBUG-only diagnostic — it
+    // freezes hard on a lost HEVC reference.
    @ViewBuilder var presenterSection: some View {
-        #if DEBUG
        Section {
            Picker("Presenter", selection: $presenter) {
                Text("Stage 2 (default)").tag("stage2")
+                Text("Stage 3 (experimental)").tag("stage3")
+                #if DEBUG
                Text("Stage 1 (debug)").tag("stage1")
+                #endif
            }
        } header: {
-            Text("Video presenter · debug")
+            Text("Video presenter")
        } footer: {
-            Text("Stage 2 (default): explicit decode + Metal present — full HUD latency "
-                + "breakdown and self-recovery from decode stalls. Stage 1: compressed video "
-                + "straight to the system layer; freezes on a lost HEVC reference, so it's a "
-                + "debug fallback only. Applies from the next session.")
+            Text("Stage 2: each frame is shown the moment it's decoded — proven, but on displays "
+                + "running near the stream's frame rate, queued frames can add two to three "
+                + "refreshes of display latency that never drains. Stage 3: presents are paced "
+                + "to the display — at most one undisplayed frame in flight, always the freshest, "
+                + "dropping late frames instead of queueing them. Watch the statistics overlay's "
+                + "display time to compare. Applies from the next session.")
                .font(.geist(12, relativeTo: .caption))
                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
        }
-        #endif
    }

    @ViewBuilder var hdrSection: some View {
@@ -376,8 +407,9 @@ extension SettingsView {
            Text("Codec is a preference; the host falls back if it can't encode your choice. "
                + "HDR (HDR10) and full chroma (4:4:4) are HEVC-only, and each engages only when "
                + "both this device and the host support it — otherwise the stream stays 8-bit "
-                + "4:2:0 SDR. 4:4:4 sharpens text and UI for extra bandwidth. Applies from the "
-                + "next session.")
+                + "4:2:0 SDR. 4:4:4 (off by default) sharpens text and UI — best for desktop "
+                + "work; for games the bits are better spent at 4:2:0. Applies from the next "
+                + "session.")
                .font(.geist(12, relativeTo: .caption))
                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
        }
@@ -385,13 +417,17 @@ extension SettingsView {

    @ViewBuilder var statisticsSection: some View {
        Section {
-            Toggle("Show statistics overlay", isOn: $hudEnabled)
+            Picker("Statistics overlay", selection: $statsVerbosityRaw) {
+                ForEach(StatsVerbosity.allCases, id: \.rawValue) { tier in
+                    Text(tier.label).tag(tier.rawValue)
+                }
+            }
            Picker("Position", selection: $hudPlacement) {
                ForEach(HUDPlacement.allCases) { placement in
                    Text(placement.label).tag(placement.rawValue)
                }
            }
-            .disabled(!hudEnabled)
+            .disabled(statsVerbosityRaw == StatsVerbosity.off.rawValue)
        } header: {
            Text("Statistics")
        } footer: {
@@ -54,10 +54,14 @@ extension SettingsView {
    // MARK: - Statistics

    static var statisticsFooter: String {
-        let base = "Shows resolution, frame rate, throughput and latency in the chosen "
-            + "corner while streaming."
-        #if os(macOS) || os(iOS)
-        return base + " Toggle it any time with ⌃⌥⇧S."
+        let base = "Shows streaming statistics in the chosen corner — Compact is a one-line "
+            + "pill, Normal adds resolution and latency, Detailed adds the latency stage "
+            + "breakdown."
+        #if os(macOS)
+        return base + " ⌃⌥⇧S cycles Off → Compact → Normal → Detailed any time."
+        #elseif os(iOS)
+        return base + " ⌃⌥⇧S or a three-finger tap cycles Off → Compact → Normal → Detailed "
+            + "any time."
        #else
        return base
        #endif
@@ -129,8 +133,10 @@ extension SettingsView {
                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
            }
            Spacer()
-            if gamepads.active?.id == controller.id {
-                Text("In use")
+            // Every forwarded controller is surfaced (not just the primary `active`) with its
+            // wire pad index as a player number — a pin forwards only one, Automatic forwards all.
+            if let pad = gamepads.padIndex(for: controller) {
+                Text("Player \(pad + 1)")
                    .font(.geist(11, .semibold, relativeTo: .caption2))
                    .padding(.horizontal, 8)
                    .padding(.vertical, 3)
@@ -21,10 +21,14 @@ struct SettingsView: View {
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.streamWidth) var width = 1920
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.streamHeight) var height = 1080
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.streamHz) var hz = 60
+    // Opt-in (default OFF): the explicit mode below is used and never auto-resized. When ON, a
+    // windowed session instead streams at the window's native pixels (1:1, no scaling) so it stays
+    // pixel-exact rather than the presenter resampling a fixed-mode frame into the window.
+    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.matchWindow) var matchWindow = false
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.compositor) var compositor = 0
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.gamepadType) var gamepadType = 0
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.bitrateKbps) var bitrateKbps = 0
-    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.presenter) var presenter = "stage2"
+    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.presenter) var presenter = SettingsOptions.presenterDefault
    #if os(macOS)
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.vsync) var vsync = false
    #endif
@@ -32,18 +36,19 @@ struct SettingsView: View {
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.allowVRR) var allowVRR = true
    #endif
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.hdrEnabled) var hdrEnabled = true
-    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.enable444) var enable444 = true
-    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.libraryEnabled) var libraryEnabled = false
+    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.enable444) var enable444 = false
+    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.libraryEnabled) var libraryEnabled = true
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.fullscreenWhileStreaming) var fullscreenWhileStreaming = true
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.micEnabled) var micEnabled = true
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.audioChannels) var audioChannels = 2
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.codec) var codec = "auto"
-    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.hudEnabled) var hudEnabled = true
+    // The overlay tier's raw string (the pickers tag by rawValue); the absent-key default runs
+    // the legacy-hudEnabled migration (same pattern as ContentView/StreamCommands).
+    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.statsVerbosity) var statsVerbosityRaw = StatsVerbosity.current.rawValue
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.hudPlacement) var hudPlacement = HUDPlacement.topTrailing.rawValue
    @ObservedObject var gamepads = GamepadManager.shared
-    #if !os(tvOS)
    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.gamepadUIEnabled) var gamepadUIEnabled = true
-    #endif
+    @AppStorage(DefaultsKey.autoWake) var autoWakeEnabled = true
    #if DEBUG && !os(tvOS)
    @State var showControllerTest = false
    #endif
@@ -105,6 +110,7 @@ struct SettingsView: View {
            Form {
                streamModeSection
                compositorSection
+                wakeSection
            }
            .formStyle(.grouped)
            .tabItem { Label("General", systemImage: "gearshape") }
@@ -234,6 +240,7 @@ struct SettingsView: View {
                streamModeSection
                pointerSection
                compositorSection
+                wakeSection
            }
            .formStyle(.grouped)
            .navigationTitle("General")
@@ -294,14 +301,20 @@ struct SettingsView: View {
            })
    }

-    private var hudEnabledTag: Binding<String> {
-        Binding(get: { hudEnabled ? "on" : "off" }, set: { hudEnabled = $0 == "on" })
-    }
-
    private var hdrEnabledTag: Binding<String> {
        Binding(get: { hdrEnabled ? "on" : "off" }, set: { hdrEnabled = $0 == "on" })
    }

+    /// The gamepad-UI switch as an on/off row (same shape as HDR above) — the escape hatch back
+    /// to this focus-engine home for someone who prefers it with a controller connected.
+    private var gamepadUIEnabledTag: Binding<String> {
+        Binding(get: { gamepadUIEnabled ? "on" : "off" }, set: { gamepadUIEnabled = $0 == "on" })
+    }
+
+    private var autoWakeEnabledTag: Binding<String> {
+        Binding(get: { autoWakeEnabled ? "on" : "off" }, set: { autoWakeEnabled = $0 == "on" })
+    }
+
    private var tvBody: some View {
        let currentTag = "\(width)x\(height)x\(hz)"
        let bounds = UIScreen.main.nativeBounds
@@ -327,32 +340,34 @@ struct SettingsView: View {
                    selection: $audioChannels)
                if bitrateKbps > 1_000_000 {
                    Label(Self.gigabitWarning, systemImage: "exclamationmark.triangle.fill")
-                        .font(.geist(12, relativeTo: .caption))
+                        .font(.geist(20, relativeTo: .caption)) // TV-legible caption size
                        .foregroundStyle(.orange)
                        .multilineTextAlignment(.center)
                }
                TVSelectionRow(
                    title: "Compositor", options: SettingsOptions.compositors,
                    selection: $compositor)
-                #if DEBUG
                TVSelectionRow(
-                    title: "Presenter (debug)",
-                    options: [("Stage 2 (default)", "stage2"), ("Stage 1 (debug)", "stage1")],
+                    title: "Presenter",
+                    options: SettingsOptions.presenters,
                    selection: $presenter)
-                #endif
                TVSelectionRow(
                    title: "10-bit HDR",
                    options: [("On", "on"), ("Off", "off")], selection: hdrEnabledTag)
+                TVSelectionRow(
+                    title: "Auto-wake on connect",
+                    options: [("On", "on"), ("Off", "off")], selection: autoWakeEnabledTag)
                Text("The host creates a virtual output at exactly this mode — native "
                    + "resolution, no scaling. \(Self.bitrateFooter) A specific compositor "
-                    + "is honored only if available on the host.")
-                    .font(.geist(12, relativeTo: .caption))
+                    + "is honored only if available on the host. Auto-wake sends Wake-on-LAN to a "
+                    + "sleeping saved host and waits for it before streaming.")
+                    .font(.geist(20, relativeTo: .caption))
                    .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                    .multilineTextAlignment(.center)
                    .padding(.top, 8)
                TVSelectionRow(
                    title: "Statistics overlay",
-                    options: [("On", "on"), ("Off", "off")], selection: hudEnabledTag)
+                    options: SettingsOptions.statsVerbosities, selection: $statsVerbosityRaw)
                TVSelectionRow(
                    title: "Statistics position", options: SettingsOptions.hudPlacements,
                    selection: $hudPlacement)
@@ -366,8 +381,11 @@ struct SettingsView: View {
                TVSelectionRow(
                    title: "Controller type", options: SettingsOptions.padTypes,
                    selection: $gamepadType)
+                TVSelectionRow(
+                    title: "Gamepad-optimized browsing",
+                    options: [("On", "on"), ("Off", "off")], selection: gamepadUIEnabledTag)
                Text(Self.controllersFooter)
-                    .font(.geist(12, relativeTo: .caption))
+                    .font(.geist(20, relativeTo: .caption))
                    .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                    .multilineTextAlignment(.center)
                    .padding(.top, 8)
@@ -82,20 +82,36 @@ private struct ConsoleGlass<S: Shape>: ViewModifier {
    var interactive = false

    func body(content: Content) -> some View {
-        if #available(iOS 26, macOS 26, tvOS 26, *) {
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        // ALWAYS the material fallback on tvOS: the gamepad settings list is 15+ of these
+        // surfaces, and live Liquid Glass per row made the whole screen visibly laggy on the
+        // Apple TV's GPU (same class of call GlassProminentButton already makes — glass fights
+        // the 10-foot platform). The tint rides an overlay so the focused row keeps its wash.
+        content.background {
+            shape.fill(.ultraThinMaterial)
+                .environment(\.colorScheme, .dark)
+                .overlay {
+                    if let tint { shape.fill(tint) }
+                }
+        }
+        #else
+        if #available(iOS 26, macOS 26, *) {
            content.glassEffect(glass, in: shape)
        } else {
            content.background { shape.fill(.ultraThinMaterial).environment(\.colorScheme, .dark) }
        }
+        #endif
    }

-    @available(iOS 26, macOS 26, tvOS 26, *)
+    #if !os(tvOS)
+    @available(iOS 26, macOS 26, *)
    private var glass: Glass {
        var g: Glass = .regular
        if let tint { g = g.tint(tint) }
        if interactive { g = g.interactive() }
        return g
    }
+    #endif
 }

 extension View {
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ struct PairSheet: View {
                + "(http://<host>:3000 → Pairing). "
                + "Pairing verifies both sides at once — no fingerprint comparison "
                + "needed.")
-                .font(.geist(16, relativeTo: .callout))
+                .font(.geist(22, relativeTo: .callout)) // TV-legible (system callout is ~25 there)
                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                .multilineTextAlignment(.center)
            TVFieldRow(
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ struct PairSheet: View {
            ) { editing = .clientName }
            if let errorText {
                Text(errorText)
-                    .font(.geist(16, relativeTo: .callout))
+                    .font(.geist(22, relativeTo: .callout))
                    .foregroundStyle(.red)
            }
            HStack(spacing: 32) {
@@ -263,19 +263,24 @@ public final class SessionAudio {
            defer { drainDone.signal() }
            // Decode happens IN-CORE (libopus multistream) — AudioToolbox's Opus path is
            // stereo-only — and is handed back as interleaved f32 PCM in wire channel order.
-            while !flag.isStopped {
+            // Per-iteration autorelease pool: no runloop on this thread (see Stage2Pipeline).
+            var alive = true
+            while alive, !flag.isStopped {
+                alive = autoreleasepool { () -> Bool in
                let pcm: PunktfunkConnection.AudioPCM?
                do {
                    pcm = try connection.nextAudioPcm(timeoutMs: 100)
                } catch {
-                    break // session closed
+                    return false // session closed
                }
-                guard let pcm, pcm.frameCount > 0 else { continue }
+                guard let pcm, pcm.frameCount > 0 else { return true }
                pcm.samples.withUnsafeBufferPointer { p in
                    if let base = p.baseAddress {
                        ring.write(base, count: pcm.frameCount * pcm.channels)
                    }
                }
+                return true
+                }
            }
        }
        thread.name = "punktfunk-audio"
@@ -59,6 +59,26 @@ public extension PunktfunkInputEvent {
        make(PUNKTFUNK_INPUT_KIND_GAMEPAD_AXIS.rawValue, code: axis, x: value, y: 0, flags: pad)
    }

+    /// Declare a pad's controller KIND (`InputKind::GamepadArrival`): `pref` is the
+    /// `GamepadType` wire byte (Auto=0, Xbox360=1, DualSense=2, XboxOne=3, DualShock4=4,
+    /// SteamController=5, SteamDeck=6), `pad` the wire index. Sent once when a controller slot
+    /// opens — BEFORE that pad's first input — so the host builds a matching virtual device and a
+    /// session can mix types (pad 0 a DualSense, pad 1 an Xbox pad). The core re-sends it a few
+    /// times against datagram loss and folds per-pad state behind it; a host that predates the tag
+    /// ignores it and uses the session-default kind from the handshake. Idempotent on the host.
+    static func gamepadArrival(pref: UInt32, pad: UInt32) -> PunktfunkInputEvent {
+        make(PUNKTFUNK_INPUT_KIND_GAMEPAD_ARRIVAL.rawValue, code: pref, x: 0, y: 0, flags: pad)
+    }
+
+    /// A pad disconnected (`InputKind::GamepadRemove`): `flags` = pad index. The client sends the
+    /// bare index; the core stamps the per-pad removal seq (`encode_gamepad_remove`) in the shared
+    /// snapshot seq space and arms a loss-resistant re-send burst, so the host tears the pad's
+    /// virtual device down and no reordered snapshot can resurrect it. A host that predates the tag
+    /// ignores it (the pad then lingers until session end — the pre-existing behaviour).
+    static func gamepadRemove(pad: UInt32) -> PunktfunkInputEvent {
+        make(PUNKTFUNK_INPUT_KIND_GAMEPAD_REMOVE.rawValue, code: 0, x: 0, y: 0, flags: pad)
+    }
+
    // Touch (host-side: libei ei_touchscreen on the virtual output). `id` distinguishes
    // fingers and is reusable after touchUp; coordinates are absolute pixels on the
    // client's touch surface, whose size rides in `flags` so the host can rescale —
@@ -70,19 +70,10 @@ func withOptionalCString<R>(_ s: String?, _ body: (UnsafePointer<CChar>?) -> R)
 public extension PunktfunkConnection {
    /// Whether the Wake-on-LAN broadcast path is usable on this platform/build. macOS can always
    /// broadcast (its App Sandbox network entitlements cover it). iOS/tvOS need the managed
-    /// `com.apple.developer.networking.multicast` entitlement, which is GATED pending Apple's
-    /// approval (see `Config/Punktfunk.entitlements`) — until it's granted, sending a broadcast is
-    /// blocked by the OS, so the wake path + its UI are gated off there to avoid a dead action.
-    /// The MAC-learning path stays active on every platform, so flipping this on once the
-    /// entitlement lands makes wake work immediately. ON APPROVAL: change `#if os(macOS)` below to
-    /// `true` for iOS/tvOS too (and uncomment the entitlement).
-    static var wakeOnLANAvailable: Bool {
-        #if os(macOS)
-        return true
-        #else
-        return false
-        #endif
-    }
+    /// `com.apple.developer.networking.multicast` entitlement — now approved and enabled (see
+    /// `Config/Punktfunk.entitlements`), so wake is available on every platform. Kept as the single
+    /// switch every call site gates on, should a future build ever need to disable it.
+    static var wakeOnLANAvailable: Bool { true }

    /// Send a Wake-on-LAN magic packet to wake a sleeping host. `macs` are the host's NIC MAC(s)
    /// (`aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff`, learned from its mDNS `mac` TXT while awake); malformed entries are
@@ -445,6 +436,35 @@ public final class PunktfunkConnection {
        _ = punktfunk_connection_request_keyframe(h)
    }

+    /// Feed each received AU's `frameIndex` (in receive order) so the client recovers from loss with a
+    /// cheap reference-frame invalidation instead of always paying for a full IDR. On a forward gap —
+    /// a `frameIndex` jump means the intervening frames were lost and the following AUs reference a
+    /// picture that never arrived — the core fires a THROTTLED RFI request for the lost range, and an
+    /// RFI-capable host (AMD LTR / NVENC) recovers with a clean P-frame rather than a 20-40× IDR
+    /// spike. Call it for every received AU; the `framesDropped`-driven `requestKeyframe()` path stays
+    /// the backstop for when the recovery frame itself is lost. Cheap; silently dropped after close.
+    public func noteFrameIndex(_ frameIndex: UInt32) {
+        abiLock.lock()
+        defer { abiLock.unlock() }
+        guard let h = handle, !closeRequested else { return }
+        _ = punktfunk_connection_note_frame_index(h, frameIndex, nil)
+    }
+
+    /// Like `noteFrameIndex`, but also reports whether the core saw a FORWARD frame-index gap — the
+    /// signal that intervening frames were lost and the following AUs reference a picture that never
+    /// arrived. The post-loss re-anchor gate arms its display freeze on a gap (the earliest, most
+    /// precise loss trigger — ahead of the `framesDropped` climb). Same core side effect as
+    /// `noteFrameIndex` (the throttled RFI request); call it for every received AU. Returns false
+    /// after close.
+    public func noteFrameIndexGap(_ frameIndex: UInt32) -> Bool {
+        abiLock.lock()
+        defer { abiLock.unlock() }
+        guard let h = handle, !closeRequested else { return false }
+        var gap = false
+        _ = punktfunk_connection_note_frame_index(h, frameIndex, &gap)
+        return gap
+    }
+
    /// Cumulative access units the host→client reassembler dropped as unrecoverable (FEC couldn't
    /// rebuild them). The video pump polls this and calls `requestKeyframe()` when it climbs — the
    /// correct loss trigger under the host's infinite GOP, where unrecoverable loss yields
@@ -570,7 +590,8 @@ public final class PunktfunkConnection {

    /// Pull the next force-feedback update for the GCController haptics engine:
    /// `(pad, lowFrequency, highFrequency)` with 0...0xFFFF amplitudes, (0, 0) = stop.
-    /// Drain from the (single) feedback thread, alongside `nextHidOutput`.
+    /// Drain from the (single) feedback thread, alongside `nextHidOutput`. Drops the v2
+    /// self-termination TTL — use `nextRumble2` to honor the host lease.
    public func nextRumble(timeoutMs: UInt32 = 0) throws -> (pad: UInt16, low: UInt16, high: UInt16)? {
        feedbackLock.lock()
        defer { feedbackLock.unlock() }
@@ -590,6 +611,33 @@ public final class PunktfunkConnection {
        }
    }

+    /// Pull the next force-feedback update *including its self-termination TTL* (v2 envelopes):
+    /// `(pad, low, high, ttlMs)`. `ttlMs` is how long to render this level before silencing unless
+    /// the host renews it; `RumbleTuning.noTTL` (`UInt32.max`) means "no lease" — a legacy host, so
+    /// fall back to a client-side staleness timeout. The reorder gate (seq) already ran in the
+    /// core, so a stale/reordered envelope never surfaces here. Drain from the (single) feedback
+    /// thread, alongside `nextHidOutput`.
+    public func nextRumble2(timeoutMs: UInt32 = 0) throws
+        -> (pad: UInt16, low: UInt16, high: UInt16, ttlMs: UInt32)?
+    {
+        feedbackLock.lock()
+        defer { feedbackLock.unlock() }
+        guard let h = liveHandle() else { throw PunktfunkClientError.closed }
+
+        var pad: UInt16 = 0, low: UInt16 = 0, high: UInt16 = 0, ttl: UInt32 = .max
+        let rc = punktfunk_connection_next_rumble2(h, &pad, &low, &high, &ttl, timeoutMs)
+        switch rc {
+        case statusOK:
+            return (pad, low, high, ttl)
+        case statusNoFrame:
+            return nil
+        case statusClosed:
+            throw PunktfunkClientError.closed
+        default:
+            throw PunktfunkClientError.status(rc)
+        }
+    }
+
    /// One DualSense feedback event a game wrote to the host's virtual pad — replay it on
    /// the real controller (GCDeviceLight, GCControllerPlayerIndex,
    /// GCDualSenseAdaptiveTrigger). Only a `.dualSense` session emits these.
@@ -1,24 +1,33 @@
-// Gamepad capture → punktfunk/1 datagrams. Forwards exactly ONE controller — whatever
-// GamepadManager selected — as pad 0, for the lifetime of a streaming session.
+// Gamepad capture → punktfunk/1 datagrams. Forwards EVERY controller GamepadManager selected —
+// each on its own stable wire pad index (pf-client-core's slot model) — for the lifetime of a
+// streaming session. One physical controller with no pin is player 0 (byte-identical to the old
+// single-pad path); a pin forwards only that one, also as pad 0.
 //
-// The wire is incremental (one button/axis transition per 18-byte event, accumulated
-// host-side into the virtual pad — see punktfunk_core::input::gamepad), so we snapshot the
-// full GCExtendedGamepad state on every valueChanged and diff against the previous
-// snapshot. Sticks are ±32767 with +y = up (GC already matches, no flip), triggers 0...255.
+// Each forwarded controller gets a `Slot`: its open GC handlers plus the wire state (buttons,
+// axes, touchpad fingers, motion throttle) for its pad index — isolated per device so two
+// controllers never clobber each other. On connect a slot opens (GamepadArrival declares its
+// kind, then input flows); on disconnect / pin change / stop it closes (held state flushed to
+// rest on the wire, then GamepadRemove tells the host to tear the pad's virtual device down).
+//
+// The wire is incremental (one button/axis transition per 18-byte event, accumulated host-side
+// into the virtual pad — see punktfunk_core::input::gamepad), so we snapshot the full
+// GCExtendedGamepad state on every valueChanged and diff against the previous snapshot. Sticks
+// are ±32767 with +y = up (GC already matches, no flip), triggers 0...255. The core folds these
+// per-pad transitions into idempotent, sequence-numbered snapshots keyed on the same pad index,
+// so all this layer must get right is the index — one controller per slot, one slot per index.
 //
 // PlayStation-pad extras ride the rich-input plane (0xCC): touchpad contacts normalized
-// 0...65535 (origin top-left, +y down — GC's ±1/+y-up is converted here) and motion
-// samples in raw DualSense sensor units (gyro 20 LSB per deg/s, accel 10000 LSB per g —
-// derived from the host's fixed calibration blob; the conversion lives in ONE place,
-// `Wire`, so a live sign/scale correction is a one-line change). The host ignores both
-// unless the session's virtual pad is a DualSense or DualShock 4 — both carry a touchpad
-// and motion, so the capture below covers either (`GCDualShockGamepad` exposes the same
-// `touchpad*` surface as `GCDualSenseGamepad`).
+// 0...65535 (origin top-left, +y down — GC's ±1/+y-up is converted here) and motion samples in
+// raw DualSense sensor units (gyro 20 LSB per deg/s, accel 10000 LSB per g — derived from the
+// host's fixed calibration blob; the conversion lives in ONE place, `Wire`, so a live sign/scale
+// correction is a one-line change). The host ignores both unless a pad's virtual device is a
+// DualSense or DualShock 4 — both carry a touchpad and motion, so the capture below covers either
+// (`GCDualShockGamepad` exposes the same `touchpad*` surface as `GCDualSenseGamepad`).
 //
-// Unlike mouse/keyboard capture, gamepad forwarding is NOT gated on the mouse-capture
-// toggle — a controller can't click local UI, so it always drives the host while the app
-// is active. On deactivation, controller switch, or stop, every held control is released
-// on the wire (the host pad would otherwise stay stuck on the last state).
+// Unlike mouse/keyboard capture, gamepad forwarding is NOT gated on the mouse-capture toggle — a
+// controller can't click local UI, so it always drives the host while the app is active. On
+// deactivation, controller switch, or stop, every held control is released on the wire (the host
+// pad would otherwise stay stuck on the last state).

 #if os(macOS)
 import AppKit
@@ -33,31 +42,70 @@ import GameController
 public final class GamepadCapture {
    private let connection: PunktfunkConnection
    private let manager: GamepadManager
-    private var activeSub: AnyCancellable?
+    private var forwardedSub: AnyCancellable?
    private var observers: [NSObjectProtocol] = []
-    private var bound: GCController?
    /// App inactive → GC stops delivering; everything is released and stays silent.
    private var suspended = false

-    // Last wire state (the diff base — also what releaseAll() unwinds).
-    private var buttons: UInt32 = 0
-    private var axes: [Int32] = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
-    private var fingerActive: [Bool] = [false, false]
-    private var lastMotionNs: UInt64 = 0
+    /// One forwarded controller: the open device plus the last wire state for its pad index (the
+    /// diff base — also what `flush` unwinds). Held per Slot so two controllers never clobber each
+    /// other's held buttons/axes/fingers. Mirrors pf-client-core's `Slot`.
+    private final class Slot {
+        let controller: GCController
+        /// Wire pad index (GamepadManager's stable lowest-free assignment), threaded onto every
+        /// event this controller sends — the low byte of `flags`.
+        let pad: UInt32
+        /// The controller KIND declared to the host (GamepadArrival) when the slot opened.
+        let pref: PunktfunkConnection.GamepadType
+        var buttons: UInt32 = 0
+        var axes: [Int32] = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
+        var fingerActive: [Bool] = [false, false]
+        var lastMotionNs: UInt64 = 0
+        init(controller: GCController, pad: UInt32, pref: PunktfunkConnection.GamepadType) {
+            self.controller = controller
+            self.pad = pad
+            self.pref = pref
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Open forwarded controllers, one Slot per physical pad on its own wire index. Reconciled
+    /// against `manager.forwarded` (empty until a session's `start`, cleared by `stop`).
+    private var slots: [Slot] = []

    /// Motion forwarding floor: ≥ 4 ms between samples (≈ 250 Hz, the DualSense's own rate).
    private static let motionIntervalNs: UInt64 = 4_000_000

+    /// The cross-client controller escape chord (pf-client-core's `ESCAPE_CHORD`):
+    /// L1+R1+Start+Select held together — four simultaneous buttons no game uses, so normal
+    /// play can't trip it. Held for `disconnectHold` it ends the session via
+    /// `onDisconnectRequest`; the chord keeps forwarding to the host meanwhile (the user is
+    /// leaving anyway). The desktop clients' quick-press step (leave fullscreen / release
+    /// capture) has no Apple equivalent worth wiring — macOS has ⌃⌥⇧Q/D, touch has the HUD.
+    private static let escapeChord: UInt32 =
+        GamepadWire.leftShoulder | GamepadWire.rightShoulder | GamepadWire.start | GamepadWire.back
+    /// pf-client-core's `DISCONNECT_HOLD` — the same 1.5 s on every client.
+    private static let disconnectHold: TimeInterval = 1.5
+    private var chordTimer: Timer?
+    /// Fired ON MAIN once the escape chord has been held `disconnectHold` — the session owner
+    /// disconnects. On tvOS this (plus the Siri Remote's hold-Back) is the ONLY way out of a
+    /// stream with a controller: B/Menu presses are deliberately swallowed during a session so
+    /// gameplay can't end it (see ContentView's tvOS session branch).
+    public var onDisconnectRequest: (() -> Void)?
+
    public init(connection: PunktfunkConnection, manager: GamepadManager) {
        self.connection = connection
        self.manager = manager
    }

    public func start() {
-        // Fires immediately with the current selection, then on every change — a switch
-        // releases the old controller's wire state before the new one takes over.
-        activeSub = manager.$active.sink { [weak self] dc in
-            MainActor.assumeIsolated { self?.rebind(to: dc?.controller) }
+        // Session-scoped index assignment: a controller pinned before the session forwards as
+        // pad 0 (pf-client-core assigns indices at slot-open time, not app-launch time).
+        manager.resetForwardingAssignment()
+        // Fires immediately with the current forwarded set, then on every change — a connect,
+        // disconnect, or pin change reconciles the open slots against it (opening/closing devices
+        // and flushing wire state so nothing sticks down).
+        forwardedSub = manager.$forwarded.sink { [weak self] list in
+            MainActor.assumeIsolated { self?.reconcile(list) }
        }
        #if os(macOS)
        let resign = NSApplication.willResignActiveNotification
@@ -80,53 +128,56 @@ public final class GamepadCapture {
            MainActor.assumeIsolated {
                guard let self else { return }
                self.suspended = false
-                if let ext = self.bound?.extendedGamepad { self.sync(ext) }
+                // Re-send every open pad's current state (GC delivered nothing while inactive).
+                for slot in self.slots {
+                    if let ext = slot.controller.extendedGamepad { self.sync(slot, ext) }
+                }
            }
        })
    }

    public func stop() {
-        releaseAll()
-        rebind(to: nil)
-        activeSub = nil
+        closeAllSlots()
+        forwardedSub = nil
        observers.forEach { NotificationCenter.default.removeObserver($0) }
        observers.removeAll()
    }

-    private func rebind(to controller: GCController?) {
-        guard controller !== bound else { return }
-        releaseAll()
-        if let ext = bound?.extendedGamepad {
-            ext.valueChangedHandler = nil
-            let tp = Self.touchpad(ext)
-            tp?.primary.valueChangedHandler = nil
-            tp?.secondary.valueChangedHandler = nil
+    /// Bring `slots` in line with the forwarded set: close any slot no longer wanted (flushing its
+    /// held wire state and sending GamepadRemove first) and open any newly-forwarded controller into
+    /// its assigned wire index. A controller that stays forwarded keeps its slot untouched, so a
+    /// second pad connecting never disturbs the first. Mirrors pf-client-core's `reconcile_slots`.
+    private func reconcile(_ forwarded: [GamepadManager.DiscoveredController]) {
+        let wantIDs = Set(forwarded.map { ObjectIdentifier($0.controller) })
+        for slot in slots where !wantIDs.contains(ObjectIdentifier(slot.controller)) {
+            closeSlot(slot)
        }
-        // Hand the system gestures back to the OS before letting the old pad go — outside a
-        // stream the share button's screenshot and the Home overlay are the user's, not ours.
-        if let old = bound {
-            for element in old.physicalInputProfile.elements.values {
-                element.preferredSystemGestureState = .enabled
-            }
+        for dc in forwarded where !slots.contains(where: { $0.controller === dc.controller }) {
+            openSlot(dc)
        }
-        if let motion = bound?.motion {
-            motion.valueChangedHandler = nil
-            // Power the sensors back down — left active they keep the pad streaming
-            // gyro/accel over Bluetooth (battery drain) long after the session.
-            if motion.sensorsRequireManualActivation { motion.sensorsActive = false }
-        }
-        bound = controller
-        guard let c = controller, let ext = c.extendedGamepad else { return }
+        // A chord-holding pad may have just unplugged — re-evaluate so a stale hold disarms.
+        updateEscapeChord()
+    }

-        ext.valueChangedHandler = { [weak self] g, _ in
-            MainActor.assumeIsolated { self?.sync(g) }
+    /// Open one forwarded controller on its assigned wire index: attach GC handlers, claim its
+    /// system gestures, declare its kind (GamepadArrival — before any input), then wake the host
+    /// pad and send its initial state. Skipped when the pad has no wire index (every slot taken)
+    /// or exposes no extended profile.
+    private func openSlot(_ dc: GamepadManager.DiscoveredController) {
+        guard let pad = manager.padIndex(for: dc), let ext = dc.controller.extendedGamepad else { return }
+        let c = dc.controller
+        let slot = Slot(controller: c, pad: UInt32(pad), pref: dc.kind)
+        slots.append(slot)
+
+        ext.valueChangedHandler = { [weak self, weak slot] g, _ in
+            MainActor.assumeIsolated { if let self, let slot { self.sync(slot, g) } }
        }
        // Claim EVERY element's system gesture while this pad drives a stream. The OS attaches
        // gestures to several controller buttons — share/create → local screenshot/recording,
        // Home → Game Center overlay (iOS) / Launchpad's Games folder (macOS) — and with a
        // gesture attached the press is the system's, not the game's. During capture the remote
        // session IS the game: the share button must reach the host (e.g. Steam screenshots),
-        // the PS button must open the host's Steam overlay. Restored to .enabled on unbind.
+        // the PS button must open the host's Steam overlay. Restored to .enabled on close.
        for element in c.physicalInputProfile.elements.values {
            element.preferredSystemGestureState = .disabled
        }
@@ -136,66 +187,114 @@ public final class GamepadCapture {
        // `extendedGamepad.buttonHome` is unreliable/often nil even when the physical element
        // exists. On tvOS the element is absent (reserved) → nil, the whole block no-ops.
        if let home = c.physicalInputProfile.buttons[GCInputButtonHome] {
-            home.pressedChangedHandler = { [weak self] _, _, pressed in
-                MainActor.assumeIsolated { self?.sendGuide(down: pressed) }
+            home.pressedChangedHandler = { [weak self, weak slot] _, _, pressed in
+                MainActor.assumeIsolated { if let self, let slot { self.sendGuide(slot, down: pressed) } }
            }
        }
-        // Wake the host pad immediately (pads are created lazily from the first event;
-        // a DualSense's UHID handshake + initial lightbar write only start then).
-        connection.send(.gamepadAxis(GamepadWire.axisLSX, value: 0, pad: 0))
-        sync(ext)
+        // Declare this pad's controller KIND before any of its input, so the host builds a
+        // matching virtual device (mixed types — pad 0 a DualSense, pad 1 an Xbox pad). The core
+        // re-sends it a few times against datagram loss; an older host ignores it and uses the
+        // session-default kind. Then wake the host pad (pads are created lazily from the first
+        // event; a DualSense's UHID handshake + initial lightbar write only start then).
+        connection.send(.gamepadArrival(pref: slot.pref.rawValue, pad: slot.pad))
+        connection.send(.gamepadAxis(GamepadWire.axisLSX, value: 0, pad: slot.pad))
+        sync(slot, ext)

        if let tp = Self.touchpad(ext) {
-            tp.primary.valueChangedHandler = { [weak self] _, x, y in
-                MainActor.assumeIsolated { self?.touch(finger: 0, x: x, y: y) }
+            tp.primary.valueChangedHandler = { [weak self, weak slot] _, x, y in
+                MainActor.assumeIsolated { if let self, let slot { self.touch(slot, finger: 0, x: x, y: y) } }
            }
-            tp.secondary.valueChangedHandler = { [weak self] _, x, y in
-                MainActor.assumeIsolated { self?.touch(finger: 1, x: x, y: y) }
+            tp.secondary.valueChangedHandler = { [weak self, weak slot] _, x, y in
+                MainActor.assumeIsolated { if let self, let slot { self.touch(slot, finger: 1, x: x, y: y) } }
            }
        }
        if let motion = c.motion {
            if motion.sensorsRequireManualActivation { motion.sensorsActive = true }
-            motion.valueChangedHandler = { [weak self] m in
-                MainActor.assumeIsolated { self?.forwardMotion(m) }
+            motion.valueChangedHandler = { [weak self, weak slot] m in
+                MainActor.assumeIsolated { if let self, let slot { self.forwardMotion(slot, m) } }
            }
        }
    }

-    /// Snapshot the profile into wire state and send every transition since the last one.
-    private func sync(_ g: GCExtendedGamepad) {
+    /// Flush a slot's held wire state (so nothing sticks down host-side) and signal the host to tear
+    /// its virtual device down (GamepadRemove), then detach GC handlers, hand the system gestures
+    /// back, and power the sensors down. Wire-only until the GC cleanup, so it is safe even when the
+    /// device already physically unplugged. Mirrors pf-client-core's `close_slot_at`.
+    private func closeSlot(_ slot: Slot) {
+        flush(slot)
+        // Sent after the flush so the core stamps it with a seq past the zeroing snapshots; the host
+        // seq-gates it, so a reordered snapshot can't resurrect the removed pad.
+        connection.send(.gamepadRemove(pad: slot.pad))
+        let c = slot.controller
+        if let ext = c.extendedGamepad {
+            ext.valueChangedHandler = nil
+            let tp = Self.touchpad(ext)
+            tp?.primary.valueChangedHandler = nil
+            tp?.secondary.valueChangedHandler = nil
+        }
+        c.physicalInputProfile.buttons[GCInputButtonHome]?.pressedChangedHandler = nil
+        // Hand the system gestures back to the OS before letting the pad go — outside a stream the
+        // share button's screenshot and the Home overlay are the user's, not ours.
+        for element in c.physicalInputProfile.elements.values {
+            element.preferredSystemGestureState = .enabled
+        }
+        if let motion = c.motion {
+            motion.valueChangedHandler = nil
+            // Power the sensors back down — left active they keep the pad streaming gyro/accel
+            // over Bluetooth (battery drain) long after the session.
+            if motion.sensorsRequireManualActivation { motion.sensorsActive = false }
+        }
+        slots.removeAll { $0 === slot }
+    }
+
+    private func closeAllSlots() {
+        while let slot = slots.first { closeSlot(slot) }
+        chordTimer?.invalidate()
+        chordTimer = nil
+    }
+
+    /// Snapshot the profile into a slot's wire state and send every transition since the last one,
+    /// tagged with the slot's wire pad index.
+    private func sync(_ slot: Slot, _ g: GCExtendedGamepad) {
        guard !suspended else { return }
-        let newButtons = Self.buttonMask(g)
-        let changed = newButtons ^ buttons
+        // guide is driven separately (`sendGuide`, off the Home handler) and deliberately kept out
+        // of `buttonMask`. Preserve its current held state here so the XOR diff below never sees it
+        // as "changed" — otherwise the first stick/button move after a guide press would emit a
+        // spurious guide-UP while the button is still physically held (and drop the bit from
+        // `slot.buttons`, swallowing the real release too). `flush`/`allButtons` still release it.
+        let newButtons = Self.buttonMask(g) | (slot.buttons & GamepadWire.guide)
+        let changed = newButtons ^ slot.buttons
        if changed != 0 {
            for bit in GamepadWire.allButtons where changed & bit != 0 {
-                connection.send(.gamepadButton(bit, down: newButtons & bit != 0, pad: 0))
+                connection.send(.gamepadButton(bit, down: newButtons & bit != 0, pad: slot.pad))
            }
-            buttons = newButtons
+            slot.buttons = newButtons
        }
        let newAxes: [Int32] = [
-            Int32((g.leftThumbstick.xAxis.value * 32767).rounded()),
-            Int32((g.leftThumbstick.yAxis.value * 32767).rounded()),
-            Int32((g.rightThumbstick.xAxis.value * 32767).rounded()),
-            Int32((g.rightThumbstick.yAxis.value * 32767).rounded()),
-            Int32((g.leftTrigger.value * 255).rounded()),
-            Int32((g.rightTrigger.value * 255).rounded()),
+            Int32(g.leftThumbstick.xAxis.value * 32767),
+            Int32(g.leftThumbstick.yAxis.value * 32767),
+            Int32(g.rightThumbstick.xAxis.value * 32767),
+            Int32(g.rightThumbstick.yAxis.value * 32767),
+            Int32(g.leftTrigger.value * 255),
+            Int32(g.rightTrigger.value * 255),
        ]
-        for (i, v) in newAxes.enumerated() where v != axes[i] {
-            connection.send(.gamepadAxis(UInt32(i), value: v, pad: 0))
-            axes[i] = v
+        for (i, v) in newAxes.enumerated() where v != slot.axes[i] {
+            connection.send(.gamepadAxis(UInt32(i), value: v, pad: slot.pad))
+            slot.axes[i] = v
        }
+        updateEscapeChord()
    }

    /// Forward the guide (Home/PS) transition directly — it's kept out of `buttonMask` (the legacy
-    /// `buttonHome` element is unreliable). Folds into `buttons` so a held PS button is released by
-    /// `releaseAll` on focus loss just like the others.
-    private func sendGuide(down: Bool) {
+    /// `buttonHome` element is unreliable). Folds into the slot's `buttons` so a held PS button is
+    /// released by `flush` on focus loss / close just like the others.
+    private func sendGuide(_ slot: Slot, down: Bool) {
        guard !suspended else { return }
        let bit = GamepadWire.guide
-        let now = down ? (buttons | bit) : (buttons & ~bit)
-        guard now != buttons else { return }
-        connection.send(.gamepadButton(bit, down: down, pad: 0))
-        buttons = now
+        let now = down ? (slot.buttons | bit) : (slot.buttons & ~bit)
+        guard now != slot.buttons else { return }
+        connection.send(.gamepadButton(bit, down: down, pad: slot.pad))
+        slot.buttons = now
    }

    private static func buttonMask(_ g: GCExtendedGamepad) -> UInt32 {
@@ -206,17 +305,21 @@ public final class GamepadCapture {
        if g.dpad.right.isPressed { b |= GamepadWire.dpadRight }
        if g.buttonMenu.isPressed { b |= GamepadWire.start }
        if g.buttonOptions?.isPressed == true { b |= GamepadWire.back }
-        // The share/create/capture element (Xbox Series share, a clone pad's screenshot button —
-        // e.g. the GameSir G8's, below its d-pad) folds into back/select too. On pads that expose
-        // the create button BOTH as buttonOptions and as the share element this OR is harmless —
-        // same wire bit.
-        if g.buttons[GCInputButtonShare]?.isPressed == true { b |= GamepadWire.back }
+        // The dedicated share/create/capture element (Xbox-Series Share, DualSense Create, a clone
+        // pad's screenshot button — e.g. the GameSir G8's, below its d-pad) → the wire's capture
+        // bit, matching the Rust client's `Button::Misc1 => wire::BTN_MISC1`. On an Xbox-Series pad
+        // this is a button physically DISTINCT from View (buttonOptions, above), so it must not
+        // collapse onto back — the host reads MISC1 as its own control (DualSense mute / Steam
+        // quick-access). Caveat: a pad that surfaces ONE physical button as both buttonOptions and
+        // this share element now emits back+misc1 for it — harmless on a plain xpad session (no
+        // misc button) and rare otherwise. NOTE: on-glass verify on a real Xbox-Series pad.
+        if g.buttons[GCInputButtonShare]?.isPressed == true { b |= GamepadWire.misc1 }
        if g.leftThumbstickButton?.isPressed == true { b |= GamepadWire.leftStickClick }
        if g.rightThumbstickButton?.isPressed == true { b |= GamepadWire.rightStickClick }
        if g.leftShoulder.isPressed { b |= GamepadWire.leftShoulder }
        if g.rightShoulder.isPressed { b |= GamepadWire.rightShoulder }
        // guide (Home/PS) is NOT read here — it's forwarded directly by the Home button's
-        // pressedChangedHandler (the legacy `buttonHome` element is unreliable). See `rebind`.
+        // pressedChangedHandler (the legacy `buttonHome` element is unreliable). See `openSlot`.
        if g.buttonA.isPressed { b |= GamepadWire.a }
        if g.buttonB.isPressed { b |= GamepadWire.b }
        if g.buttonX.isPressed { b |= GamepadWire.x }
@@ -244,29 +347,29 @@ public final class GamepadCapture {
        return nil
    }

-    /// One touchpad finger moved. GC reports ±1 positions and snaps to exactly (0, 0) on
-    /// lift — treated as the lift signal (a real finger landing on the precise center
+    /// One touchpad finger moved on a slot's pad. GC reports ±1 positions and snaps to exactly
+    /// (0, 0) on lift — treated as the lift signal (a real finger landing on the precise center
    /// momentarily reads as a lift; harmless for a 1-in-65k coincidence).
-    private func touch(finger: Int, x: Float, y: Float) {
+    private func touch(_ slot: Slot, finger: Int, x: Float, y: Float) {
        guard !suspended else { return }
        let lifted = x == 0 && y == 0
        if lifted {
-            if fingerActive[finger] {
-                fingerActive[finger] = false
-                connection.sendTouchpad(finger: UInt8(finger), active: false, x: 0, y: 0)
+            if slot.fingerActive[finger] {
+                slot.fingerActive[finger] = false
+                connection.sendTouchpad(pad: UInt8(slot.pad), finger: UInt8(finger), active: false, x: 0, y: 0)
            }
            return
        }
-        fingerActive[finger] = true
+        slot.fingerActive[finger] = true
        let w = GamepadWire.touchpad(x: x, y: y)
-        connection.sendTouchpad(finger: UInt8(finger), active: true, x: w.x, y: w.y)
+        connection.sendTouchpad(pad: UInt8(slot.pad), finger: UInt8(finger), active: true, x: w.x, y: w.y)
    }

-    private func forwardMotion(_ m: GCMotion) {
+    private func forwardMotion(_ slot: Slot, _ m: GCMotion) {
        guard !suspended else { return }
        let now = DispatchTime.now().uptimeNanoseconds
-        guard now &- lastMotionNs >= Self.motionIntervalNs else { return }
-        lastMotionNs = now
+        guard now &- slot.lastMotionNs >= Self.motionIntervalNs else { return }
+        slot.lastMotionNs = now
        // Total acceleration in g: gravity + user when split, else the raw vector.
        let ax: Float
        let ay: Float
@@ -283,6 +386,7 @@ public final class GamepadCapture {
        let gs = GamepadWire.gyroLSBPerRadS
        let as_ = GamepadWire.accelLSBPerG
        connection.sendMotion(
+            pad: UInt8(slot.pad),
            gyro: (
                GamepadWire.motionRaw(Float(m.rotationRate.x), scale: gs),
                GamepadWire.motionRaw(Float(m.rotationRate.y), scale: gs),
@@ -295,20 +399,49 @@ public final class GamepadCapture {
            ))
    }

-    /// Unwind everything held on the wire: button-ups, neutral axes, lifted fingers. The
-    /// host's virtual pad returns to rest instead of running with the last state.
-    private func releaseAll() {
-        for bit in GamepadWire.allButtons where buttons & bit != 0 {
-            connection.send(.gamepadButton(bit, down: false, pad: 0))
-        }
-        buttons = 0
-        for (i, v) in axes.enumerated() where v != 0 {
-            connection.send(.gamepadAxis(UInt32(i), value: 0, pad: 0))
-            axes[i] = 0
-        }
-        for (f, active) in fingerActive.enumerated() where active {
-            connection.sendTouchpad(finger: UInt8(f), active: false, x: 0, y: 0)
-            fingerActive[f] = false
+    /// Arm the disconnect timer when ANY forwarded pad holds the full escape chord, disarm the
+    /// moment none do — a release, or the holding pad unplugged (pf-client-core's `chord_held` is
+    /// likewise any-slot). GC events only arrive on state CHANGES, so a held chord needs the timer:
+    /// the handler won't fire again until something moves.
+    private func updateEscapeChord() {
+        let held = slots.contains { $0.buttons & Self.escapeChord == Self.escapeChord }
+        if held, chordTimer == nil {
+            let timer = Timer(timeInterval: Self.disconnectHold, repeats: false) { [weak self] _ in
+                Task { @MainActor in self?.onDisconnectRequest?() }
+            }
+            RunLoop.main.add(timer, forMode: .common)
+            chordTimer = timer
+        } else if !held, chordTimer != nil {
+            chordTimer?.invalidate()
+            chordTimer = nil
        }
    }
+
+    /// Unwind everything a slot holds on the wire: button-ups, neutral axes, lifted fingers. The
+    /// host's virtual pad returns to rest instead of running with the last state. Wire events only
+    /// (no GC calls) — safe against an already-removed device. Does NOT close the slot or send
+    /// GamepadRemove (that's `closeSlot`).
+    private func flush(_ slot: Slot) {
+        for bit in GamepadWire.allButtons where slot.buttons & bit != 0 {
+            connection.send(.gamepadButton(bit, down: false, pad: slot.pad))
+        }
+        slot.buttons = 0
+        for (i, v) in slot.axes.enumerated() where v != 0 {
+            connection.send(.gamepadAxis(UInt32(i), value: 0, pad: slot.pad))
+            slot.axes[i] = 0
+        }
+        for (f, active) in slot.fingerActive.enumerated() where active {
+            connection.sendTouchpad(pad: UInt8(slot.pad), finger: UInt8(f), active: false, x: 0, y: 0)
+            slot.fingerActive[f] = false
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Flush every open slot's held state (app deactivation) — keeps the slots open (GC just stops
+    /// delivering; resume re-syncs), disarms the escape chord. Distinct from `closeAllSlots`, which
+    /// also sends GamepadRemove and detaches handlers.
+    private func releaseAll() {
+        chordTimer?.invalidate()
+        chordTimer = nil
+        for slot in slots { flush(slot) }
+    }
 }
@@ -1,20 +1,23 @@
 // Host→client gamepad feedback rendering: one drain thread polls the rumble (0xCA) and
-// HID-output (0xCD) planes and replays them on the active physical controller —
+// HID-output (0xCD) planes and replays each update on the forwarded physical controller it is
+// ADDRESSED TO by wire pad index —
 //
 //   rumble        → CHHapticEngine players (per-handle localities when the pad has them,
-//                   one combined engine otherwise),
+//                   one combined engine otherwise), a RumbleRenderer per pad,
 //   lightbar      → GCDeviceLight,
 //   player LEDs   → GCController.playerIndex (the DS bit patterns map to player 1–4),
 //   trigger FX    → DualSenseTriggerEffect.parse → GCDualSenseAdaptiveTrigger.
 //
-// Only pad 0 is rendered (exactly one controller is forwarded). HID-output traffic exists
-// only on PlayStation-pad sessions (a DualSense, or a DualShock 4 = lightbar only) — the
-// drain always polls both planes with short timeouts and never spins, so an Xbox session
-// just renders rumble. GameController profile mutation
-// happens on main; CHHapticEngine work on its own serial queue; the drain thread itself
-// touches neither. When GamepadManager switches the active controller mid-session, the
-// old pad is reset (triggers off, player index unset) and the last known feedback state
-// is replayed onto the new one.
+// Every forwarded controller gets a per-pad feedback slot (its RumbleRenderer + last light /
+// player-LED / trigger state) keyed on the same wire index GamepadCapture streams it on, so a
+// rumble the host aimed at pad 1 drives pad 1's actuator and nothing else. An update for a pad
+// with no live slot (one that just closed) is dropped. HID-output traffic exists only on
+// PlayStation-pad sessions (a DualSense, or a DualShock 4 = lightbar only); the drain always
+// polls both planes with short timeouts and never spins, so an Xbox pad just renders rumble.
+// GameController profile mutation happens on main; CHHapticEngine work on the renderer's serial
+// queue; the drain thread itself touches neither (it routes rumble to the pad's renderer under a
+// lock and hops HID to main). When a controller leaves the forwarded set the old pad is reset
+// (triggers off, player index unset) and its renderer silenced.

 import Combine
 import Foundation
@@ -22,26 +25,40 @@ import GameController

 public final class GamepadFeedback {
    private let connection: PunktfunkConnection
+    private let manager: GamepadManager
    private let flag = StopFlag()
    private let drainDone = DispatchSemaphore(value: 0)
    private var drainStarted = false
-    private let rumble = RumbleRenderer(policy: .session)
-    private var activeSub: AnyCancellable?
+    private var forwardedSub: AnyCancellable?

-    // Last applied feedback (main-actor) — replayed when the active controller changes.
-    @MainActor private var target: GCController?
-    @MainActor private var lastLight: (r: UInt8, g: UInt8, b: UInt8)?
-    @MainActor private var lastPlayerBits: UInt8?
-    @MainActor private var lastTrigger: [DualSenseTriggerEffect?] = [nil, nil]
+    /// One forwarded controller's non-rumble feedback state (main-actor) — the GC target plus the
+    /// last applied lightbar / player-LED / trigger, replayed if the controller on this pad swaps.
+    @MainActor private final class Slot {
+        var controller: GCController?
+        var lastLight: (r: UInt8, g: UInt8, b: UInt8)?
+        var lastPlayerBits: UInt8?
+        var lastTrigger: [DualSenseTriggerEffect?] = [nil, nil]
+        init(controller: GCController?) { self.controller = controller }
+    }
+    /// HID / lightbar / player-LED slots, keyed by wire pad index. Main-actor only.
+    @MainActor private var slots: [UInt8: Slot] = [:]
+
+    /// Rumble renderers keyed by wire pad index, guarded by `routingLock` so the background drain
+    /// thread can route an incoming envelope to the right pad's renderer while the main actor
+    /// reconciles the set. RumbleRenderer serializes on its own queue, so calling `apply` from the
+    /// drain thread is safe — only the map lookup needs the lock.
+    private let routingLock = NSLock()
+    private var rumbleByPad: [UInt8: RumbleRenderer] = [:]

    public init(connection: PunktfunkConnection, manager: GamepadManager) {
        self.connection = connection
+        self.manager = manager
        // Capture self weakly in the hop too, so the inner sink's weak capture isn't shadowing
        // an implicit strong one — and the subscription (stored on self) never retain-cycles.
        Task { @MainActor [weak self] in
            guard let self else { return }
-            self.activeSub = manager.$active.sink { [weak self] dc in
-                MainActor.assumeIsolated { self?.retarget(dc?.controller) }
+            self.forwardedSub = manager.$forwarded.sink { [weak self] list in
+                MainActor.assumeIsolated { self?.reconcile(list) }
            }
        }
    }
@@ -67,6 +84,38 @@ public final class GamepadFeedback {
        }
    }

+    /// Bring the per-pad feedback slots in line with the forwarded set: drop pads no longer
+    /// forwarded (silence + release their renderer, reset their controller), add a slot +
+    /// renderer for each new pad, and retarget a pad whose controller changed (a re-plug into the
+    /// same freed index) — replaying its cached feedback onto the new device.
+    @MainActor
+    private func reconcile(_ forwarded: [GamepadManager.DiscoveredController]) {
+        var want: [UInt8: GCController] = [:]
+        for dc in forwarded {
+            if let pad = manager.padIndex(for: dc) { want[pad] = dc.controller }
+        }
+        for (pad, slot) in slots where want[pad] == nil {
+            reset(slot.controller)
+            slots[pad] = nil
+            let renderer = withRouting { rumbleByPad.removeValue(forKey: pad) }
+            renderer?.stop()
+        }
+        for (pad, controller) in want {
+            if let slot = slots[pad] {
+                guard slot.controller !== controller else { continue }
+                reset(slot.controller)
+                slot.controller = controller
+                withRouting { rumbleByPad[pad]?.retarget(controller) }
+                replay(slot)
+            } else {
+                slots[pad] = Slot(controller: controller)
+                let renderer = RumbleRenderer(policy: .session)
+                renderer.retarget(controller)
+                withRouting { rumbleByPad[pad] = renderer }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
    public func start() {
        guard !drainStarted else { return }
        drainStarted = true
@@ -74,7 +123,11 @@ public final class GamepadFeedback {
        // session — a DualSense or a DualShock 4 (lightbar only). Block briefly on it there and
        // let rumble own the wait elsewhere; on an Xbox session it stays nonblocking.
        let thread = Thread { [connection, flag, drainDone, weak self] in
-            while !flag.isStopped {
+            // Per-iteration autorelease pool: no runloop on this thread, and the haptics/HID
+            // rendering below autoreleases ObjC temporaries. `false` = session over.
+            var alive = true
+            while alive, !flag.isStopped {
+                alive = autoreleasepool { () -> Bool in
                do {
                    // Poll the feedback planes NON-BLOCKING. A blocking poll (timeoutMs > 0) holds
                    // the connection's shared feedback lock for its whole wait; the video pump drains
@@ -84,19 +137,19 @@ public final class GamepadFeedback {
                    // rumble/HID latency low while leaving the lock free between polls.
                    //
                    // Rumble is idempotent state, so drain the plane DRY and apply only the newest
-                    // level. The old one-datagram-per-cycle shape let a burst outpace the ~125 Hz
-                    // drain: levels rendered up to ~130 ms late through the core's 16-deep queue,
-                    // and its drop-newest overflow could shed a stop while stale nonzero states
-                    // queued ahead of it — buzzing until the host's next 500 ms refresh.
-                    var newest: (low: UInt16, high: UInt16)?
+                    // level PER PAD. The old one-datagram-per-cycle shape let a burst outpace the
+                    // ~125 Hz drain: levels rendered up to ~130 ms late through the core's 16-deep
+                    // queue, and its drop-newest overflow could shed a stop while stale nonzero
+                    // states queued ahead of it — buzzing until the host's next 500 ms refresh.
+                    var newestByPad: [UInt8: (low: UInt16, high: UInt16, ttl: UInt32)] = [:]
                    var rumbleBurst = 0
                    while rumbleBurst < 64, !flag.isStopped,
-                          let r = try connection.nextRumble(timeoutMs: 0) {
-                        if r.pad == 0 { newest = (r.low, r.high) }
+                          let r = try connection.nextRumble2(timeoutMs: 0) {
+                        newestByPad[UInt8(truncatingIfNeeded: r.pad)] = (r.low, r.high, r.ttlMs)
                        rumbleBurst += 1
                    }
-                    if let n = newest {
-                        self?.rumble.apply(low: n.low, high: n.high)
+                    for (pad, n) in newestByPad {
+                        self?.routeRumble(pad: pad, low: n.low, high: n.high, ttlMs: n.ttl)
                    }
                    // Drain a BOUNDED burst of hidout events so sustained 0xCD traffic (a game writing
                    // per-frame LED/trigger reports) can't spin here or block stop() past one cycle.
@@ -106,12 +159,14 @@ public final class GamepadFeedback {
                        self?.render(ev)
                        burst += 1
                    }
+                    return true
                } catch {
-                    break // .closed (or fatal) — the session is over
+                    return false // .closed (or fatal) — the session is over
+                }
                }
                // ~8 ms poll cadence (≈125 Hz), slept OUTSIDE the feedback lock — low rumble/HID
                // latency without holding the lock the HDR-meta drain needs.
-                if !flag.isStopped { Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: 0.008) }
+                if alive, !flag.isStopped { Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: 0.008) }
            }
            drainDone.signal()
        }
@@ -120,7 +175,7 @@ public final class GamepadFeedback {
        thread.start()
    }

-    /// Stop the drain and silence the motors. Blocks until the drain thread exits (≤ one
+    /// Stop the drain and silence every pad's motors. Blocks until the drain thread exits (≤ one
    /// poll cycle) — call off the main actor, before `connection.close()`.
    public func stop() {
        flag.stop()
@@ -128,17 +183,32 @@ public final class GamepadFeedback {
            drainDone.wait()
            drainStarted = false
        }
-        rumble.stop()
-        // Drop the retarget subscription and the dead session's cached feedback — a
-        // controller change after teardown must not replay this session's triggers/LEDs.
-        Task { @MainActor in
-            self.activeSub = nil
-            self.lastLight = nil
-            self.lastPlayerBits = nil
-            self.lastTrigger = [nil, nil]
-            self.reset(self.target)
-            self.target = nil
+        let renderers = withRouting { () -> [RumbleRenderer] in
+            let r = Array(rumbleByPad.values)
+            rumbleByPad.removeAll()
+            return r
        }
+        for r in renderers { r.stop() }
+        // Drop the subscription and every dead pad's cached feedback — a controller change after
+        // teardown must not replay this session's triggers/LEDs.
+        Task { @MainActor in
+            self.forwardedSub = nil
+            for slot in self.slots.values { self.reset(slot.controller) }
+            self.slots.removeAll()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Route one rumble envelope to its pad's renderer (drain thread). An update for a pad with no
+    /// live renderer — one that just left the forwarded set — is dropped.
+    private func routeRumble(pad: UInt8, low: UInt16, high: UInt16, ttlMs: UInt32) {
+        let renderer = withRouting { rumbleByPad[pad] }
+        renderer?.apply(low: low, high: high, ttlMs: ttlMs)
+    }
+
+    private func withRouting<R>(_ body: () -> R) -> R {
+        routingLock.lock()
+        defer { routingLock.unlock() }
+        return body()
    }

    private func render(_ ev: PunktfunkConnection.HidOutputEvent) {
@@ -151,40 +221,37 @@ public final class GamepadFeedback {
    private func apply(_ ev: PunktfunkConnection.HidOutputEvent) {
        switch ev {
        case let .led(pad, r, g, b):
-            guard pad == 0 else { return }
-            lastLight = (r, g, b)
-            target?.light?.color = GCColor(
+            guard let slot = slots[pad] else { return }
+            slot.lastLight = (r, g, b)
+            slot.controller?.light?.color = GCColor(
                red: Float(r) / 255, green: Float(g) / 255, blue: Float(b) / 255)
        case let .playerLEDs(pad, bits):
-            guard pad == 0 else { return }
-            lastPlayerBits = bits
-            target?.playerIndex = Self.playerIndex(forBits: bits)
+            guard let slot = slots[pad] else { return }
+            slot.lastPlayerBits = bits
+            slot.controller?.playerIndex = Self.playerIndex(forBits: bits)
        case let .triggerEffect(pad, which, effect):
-            guard pad == 0, which < 2 else { return }
+            guard which < 2, let slot = slots[pad] else { return }
            let parsed = DualSenseTriggerEffect.parse(effect)
-            lastTrigger[Int(which)] = parsed
-            if let trigger = adaptiveTrigger(which) {
+            slot.lastTrigger[Int(which)] = parsed
+            if let trigger = adaptiveTrigger(slot.controller, which) {
                parsed.apply(to: trigger)
            }
        }
    }

+    /// Replay a pad's cached feedback onto its (swapped-in) controller so a re-plug looks the same.
    @MainActor
-    private func retarget(_ controller: GCController?) {
-        guard controller !== target else { return }
-        reset(target)
-        target = controller
-        rumble.retarget(controller)
-        // Replay the session's feedback state so a swapped-in controller looks the same.
-        if let (r, g, b) = lastLight {
-            controller?.light?.color = GCColor(
+    private func replay(_ slot: Slot) {
+        if let (r, g, b) = slot.lastLight {
+            slot.controller?.light?.color = GCColor(
                red: Float(r) / 255, green: Float(g) / 255, blue: Float(b) / 255)
        }
-        if let bits = lastPlayerBits {
-            controller?.playerIndex = Self.playerIndex(forBits: bits)
+        if let bits = slot.lastPlayerBits {
+            slot.controller?.playerIndex = Self.playerIndex(forBits: bits)
        }
        for which in 0..<2 {
-            if let effect = lastTrigger[which], let trigger = adaptiveTrigger(UInt8(which)) {
+            if let effect = slot.lastTrigger[which],
+               let trigger = adaptiveTrigger(slot.controller, UInt8(which)) {
                effect.apply(to: trigger)
            }
        }
@@ -201,8 +268,8 @@ public final class GamepadFeedback {
    }

    @MainActor
-    private func adaptiveTrigger(_ which: UInt8) -> GCDualSenseAdaptiveTrigger? {
-        guard let ds = target?.extendedGamepad as? GCDualSenseGamepad else { return nil }
+    private func adaptiveTrigger(_ controller: GCController?, _ which: UInt8) -> GCDualSenseAdaptiveTrigger? {
+        guard let ds = controller?.extendedGamepad as? GCDualSenseGamepad else { return nil }
        return which == 0 ? ds.leftTrigger : ds.rightTrigger
    }
 }
@@ -1,14 +1,18 @@
 // Controller discovery + selection, app-lifetime. One GamepadManager (`.shared`) watches
 // GCController connect/disconnect from launch, so the Settings page shows live controller
 // state without a session, and the session components (GamepadCapture / GamepadFeedback)
-// follow `active` — exactly ONE physical controller is forwarded to the host, as pad 0.
+// follow `forwarded` — every forwarded controller is streamed to the host, each on its own
+// wire pad index (pf-client-core parity; up to `GamepadWire.maxPads`).
 //
-// Selection: the user can pin a controller in Settings (persisted under
-// DefaultsKey.gamepadID); with no pin — or the pinned one absent — the most recently
-// connected extended gamepad wins. GCController has no stable hardware serial, so the pin
-// is a fingerprint of vendorName|productCategory (+ a connect-order suffix for twins);
-// identical twin controllers may swap a pin across reconnects, which the Settings footer
-// documents.
+// Selection (mirrors pf-client-core's `forwarded_ids` + slot model): with no pin, EVERY
+// extended controller is forwarded — each assigned a stable lowest-free pad index held for
+// its forwarded lifetime, so a disconnect frees only its own index and never renumbers the
+// others. A pin (Settings, persisted under DefaultsKey.gamepadID) forwards ONLY that one pad
+// — an explicit single-player choice. `active` stays the single "primary" pad (the pinned
+// one, else the most recently connected extended gamepad) that the Settings / launcher / menu
+// UI reads. GCController has no stable hardware serial, so the pin is a fingerprint of
+// vendorName|productCategory (+ a connect-order suffix for twins); identical twin controllers
+// may swap a pin across reconnects, which the Settings footer documents.
 //
 // A singleton (not a SwiftUI environment object) because macOS shows Settings in its own
 // `Settings{}` scene — there is no common ancestor view to inject from.
@@ -60,9 +64,23 @@ public final class GamepadManager: ObservableObject {
    /// Every detected controller, in connect order (Settings lists these).
    @Published public private(set) var controllers: [DiscoveredController] = []

-    /// The one controller forwarded to the host (pad 0); nil when none qualifies.
+    /// The single "primary" controller — the pinned one, else the most recently connected
+    /// extended gamepad; nil when none qualifies. The Settings / launcher / menu UI and the
+    /// connect-time `resolveType` read this; the streaming input path uses `forwarded`.
    @Published public private(set) var active: DiscoveredController?

+    /// The controllers forwarded to the host this session, in wire-pad-index preference order
+    /// (pf-client-core's `forwarded_ids`): a pin forwards ONLY the pinned pad; Automatic forwards
+    /// every extended controller. GamepadCapture opens a slot per entry and GamepadFeedback routes
+    /// feedback back to it, each on the index from `padIndex(for:)`.
+    @Published public private(set) var forwarded: [DiscoveredController] = []
+
+    /// Stable wire pad index (0..<`GamepadWire.maxPads`) per forwarded controller, keyed by
+    /// GCController identity. Lowest-free, held while the controller stays forwarded — a
+    /// disconnect frees only its own index so the others never renumber (pf-client-core's
+    /// `lowest_free_index`). Recomputed by `assignPadIndices` whenever `forwarded` changes.
+    private var padIndexByController: [ObjectIdentifier: UInt8] = [:]
+
    /// The user's pinned controller fingerprint ("" = automatic). Persisted; updating it
    /// reselects immediately, so a Settings Picker can bind straight to this.
    @Published public var preferredID: String {
@@ -159,7 +177,52 @@ public final class GamepadManager: ObservableObject {
        let candidates = controllers.filter(\.isExtended)
        // The pin wins when present; otherwise the most recently connected extended pad
        // (list is in connect order). A stale pin falls back to automatic.
-        active = candidates.last { $0.id == preferredID } ?? candidates.last
+        let pinned = candidates.last { $0.id == preferredID }
+        active = pinned ?? candidates.last
+        // Forwarded set (pf-client-core's `forwarded_ids`): a pin forwards ONLY the pinned pad
+        // (explicit single-player); Automatic forwards every extended controller in connect order
+        // (oldest→newest), so a game's player numbers are stable across hot-plug churn.
+        let next = pinned.map { [$0] } ?? candidates
+        // Update the pad-index assignment BEFORE publishing `forwarded`: @Published emits in
+        // `willSet`, so GamepadCapture/GamepadFeedback reconcile against `padIndex(for:)` the
+        // instant this assignment lands — a stale map here would skip a newly-forwarded pad.
+        assignPadIndices(for: next)
+        forwarded = next
+    }
+
+    /// Assign each forwarded controller a stable wire pad index (lowest-free, held while it stays
+    /// forwarded) — mirrors pf-client-core's slot model, where a disconnect frees only its own
+    /// index and the others keep theirs. A controller already holding an index keeps it across the
+    /// churn; a slot beyond `GamepadWire.maxPads` goes unassigned (that pad is not forwarded).
+    private func assignPadIndices(for next: [DiscoveredController]) {
+        let live = Set(next.map { ObjectIdentifier($0.controller) })
+        padIndexByController = padIndexByController.filter { live.contains($0.key) }
+        for dc in next {
+            let key = ObjectIdentifier(dc.controller)
+            guard padIndexByController[key] == nil,
+                  let free = Self.lowestFreeIndex(Set(padIndexByController.values)) else { continue }
+            padIndexByController[key] = free
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// The lowest wire pad index not already taken, or nil when all `GamepadWire.maxPads` are in
+    /// use (pf-client-core's `lowest_free_index`).
+    private static func lowestFreeIndex(_ taken: Set<UInt8>) -> UInt8? {
+        (0..<UInt8(GamepadWire.maxPads)).first { !taken.contains($0) }
+    }
+
+    /// The wire pad index a forwarded controller streams on, or nil when it isn't forwarded.
+    public func padIndex(for controller: DiscoveredController) -> UInt8? {
+        padIndexByController[ObjectIdentifier(controller.controller)]
+    }
+
+    /// Drop every pad-index assignment and recompute from the current forwarded set — called when
+    /// a streaming session begins so the assignment starts fresh (a controller pinned before the
+    /// session forwards as pad 0, not whatever index it held for the Settings list). pf-client-core
+    /// assigns indices at slot-open time; this reproduces that session-scoped start.
+    public func resetForwardingAssignment() {
+        padIndexByController.removeAll()
+        reselect()
    }

    private static func describe(_ c: GCController, id: String) -> DiscoveredController {
@@ -140,7 +140,9 @@ public final class GamepadMenuInput {
        let stick = gamepad.leftThumbstick
        let x = stick.xAxis.value
        let y = stick.yAxis.value
-        if abs(x) > abs(y), abs(x) > deadzone {
+        // Horizontal wins an exact |x| == |y| diagonal tie (>=), matching the SDL core and Android
+        // nav so a perfect 45° push resolves to the same direction on every client.
+        if abs(x) >= abs(y), abs(x) > deadzone {
            return x > 0 ? .right : .left
        } else if abs(y) > deadzone {
            return y > 0 ? .up : .down
@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 // The gamepad wire contract shared by capture (GamepadCapture), feedback (GamepadFeedback),
-// and the tests — button bits, axis ids, and the touchpad/motion unit conversions.
+// and the tests — the pad count, button bits, axis ids, and the touchpad/motion unit conversions.

 import Foundation

 /// The gamepad wire contract (mirrors `punktfunk_core::input::gamepad`).
 public enum GamepadWire {
+    /// Gamepads addressable on the wire — the pad index rides the low byte of `flags` on every
+    /// per-pad event, 0...15 (`punktfunk_core::input::MAX_PADS`).
+    public static let maxPads: Int = 16
+
    public static let dpadUp: UInt32 = 0x0001
    public static let dpadDown: UInt32 = 0x0002
    public static let dpadLeft: UInt32 = 0x0004
@@ -22,11 +26,27 @@ public enum GamepadWire {
    public static let y: UInt32 = 0x8000
    /// DualSense touchpad click (Moonlight's extended-button bit position).
    public static let touchpadClick: UInt32 = 0x10_0000
+    /// Misc / capture button — Xbox-Series Share, DualSense Create, Steam-Deck quick-access
+    /// (Moonlight's extended-button namespace; `input::gamepad::BTN_MISC1`). The host routes it to
+    /// the DualSense mute / Steam quick-access menu; a plain virtual xpad has no such button.
+    public static let misc1: UInt32 = 0x0020_0000
+    /// Back-grip paddles (Xbox Elite P1–P4 / DualSense Edge / Steam-Deck L4-L5-R4-R5), in
+    /// Moonlight's extended-button namespace (`input::gamepad::BTN_PADDLE1..4`, R4/L4/R5/L5).
+    /// Defined for wire completeness and pinned by the tests; `GamepadCapture.buttonMask` does not
+    /// read them yet — the GameController `paddleButton1..4` ↔ BTN_PADDLE physical correspondence
+    /// needs confirming on a real Elite pad first (see the gamepad-review-cleanup plan, G22), so
+    /// they are intentionally absent from `allButtons` until that forwarding lands.
+    public static let paddle1: UInt32 = 0x0001_0000
+    public static let paddle2: UInt32 = 0x0002_0000
+    public static let paddle3: UInt32 = 0x0004_0000
+    public static let paddle4: UInt32 = 0x0008_0000

+    /// Every button `buttonMask`/`sendGuide` can set — walked by `sync`'s transition diff and by
+    /// `flush` on release. Paddles are excluded until their capture lands (see above).
    public static let allButtons: [UInt32] = [
        dpadUp, dpadDown, dpadLeft, dpadRight, start, back,
        leftStickClick, rightStickClick, leftShoulder, rightShoulder, guide,
-        a, b, x, y, touchpadClick,
+        a, b, x, y, touchpadClick, misc1,
    ]

    public static let axisLSX: UInt32 = 0
@@ -23,10 +23,23 @@ enum RumbleTuning {
    /// the churn that lost stops inside CoreHaptics. Newest level wins when the window opens;
    /// zero is never throttled.
    static let minRebakeSeconds: TimeInterval = 0.025
-    /// Session watchdog: silence the motors when no wire command arrived for this long. The
-    /// host re-sends the current rumble state every 500 ms as its loss heal, so this trips only
-    /// after 3 consecutive refreshes vanished — i.e. the channel or host died while audible.
+    /// Session watchdog: silence the motors when no wire command arrived for this long. This is
+    /// the **legacy-host fallback only** — an old host sends no self-termination lease, so its
+    /// periodic re-send (every 500 ms) is the sole liveness signal and 3 vanished refreshes means
+    /// the channel or host died while audible. A v2 host instead supplies a per-command TTL (see
+    /// [`leaseSeconds`]); that deadline supersedes this watchdog.
    static let sessionStaleSeconds: TimeInterval = 1.6
+
+    /// The legacy no-lease sentinel a v2 `ttl_ms` carries for an old host (mirrors the C ABI's
+    /// `PUNKTFUNK_RUMBLE_NO_TTL`). `UInt32.max` by construction.
+    static let noTTL: UInt32 = .max
+
+    /// Interpret a wire TTL (ms) from a rumble update: `nil` for the legacy no-lease sentinel
+    /// ([`noTTL`]) — the renderer falls back to [`sessionStaleSeconds`] — else the self-termination
+    /// lease in seconds (render the level for at most this long unless the host renews it).
+    static func leaseSeconds(ttlMs: UInt32) -> TimeInterval? {
+        ttlMs == noTTL ? nil : TimeInterval(ttlMs) / 1000
+    }
    /// Levels closer than this (≈0.4 % of full scale) are the same level — an identical host
    /// refresh must never rebuild a player.
    static let levelEpsilon: Float = 1.0 / 256.0
@@ -139,6 +152,10 @@ final class RumbleRenderer: @unchecked Sendable {
    /// Wire-truth target (raw wire units) and when it was last confirmed by any command.
    private var target: (low: UInt16, high: UInt16) = (0, 0)
    private var lastCommand = DispatchTime(uptimeNanoseconds: 0)
+    /// The v2 envelope lease: the active level is authorized until here unless the host renews it
+    /// (`tick` silences at the deadline). `nil` against a legacy host (no lease — the
+    /// `sessionStaleSeconds` watchdog is the backstop) and while silent.
+    private var envelopeDeadline: DispatchTime?
    /// Runs while anything is (or should be) audible: staleness watchdog, segment re-arm,
    /// throttled-level catch-up, engine rebuild after a reset, HID keepalive. Nil while silent,
    /// so an idle controller costs no timer wakeups and no radio traffic.
@@ -212,13 +229,23 @@ final class RumbleRenderer: @unchecked Sendable {
        }
    }

-    /// Set the wire-truth target. Called with every 0xCA state the host sends — level changes
-    /// AND the 500 ms refreshes; refreshes stamp liveness for the watchdog and are otherwise
-    /// free (invariant 2).
-    func apply(low lowAmp: UInt16, high highAmp: UInt16) {
+    /// Set the wire-truth target. Called with every 0xCA state the host sends — level changes AND
+    /// renewals (v2) / 500 ms refreshes (legacy); both stamp liveness and, for v2, refresh the
+    /// self-termination deadline. `ttlMs` is the envelope lease in ms, or [`RumbleTuning.noTTL`]
+    /// against a legacy host (no lease → the staleness watchdog is the backstop). Renewals at an
+    /// unchanged level extend the deadline before the idempotence guard, so a held rumble never
+    /// lapses mid-effect.
+    func apply(low lowAmp: UInt16, high highAmp: UInt16, ttlMs: UInt32 = RumbleTuning.noTTL) {
        queue.async {
            self.lastCommand = .now()
            let active = lowAmp != 0 || highAmp != 0
+            // v2 lease: a nonzero level gets an explicit deadline; a stop or a legacy update clears
+            // it. Set BEFORE the idempotence guard so an identical renewal still extends the lease.
+            if let lease = RumbleTuning.leaseSeconds(ttlMs: ttlMs), active {
+                self.envelopeDeadline = .now() + lease
+            } else {
+                self.envelopeDeadline = nil
+            }
            if active != self.wasActive {
                self.wasActive = active
                log.debug(
@@ -236,6 +263,7 @@ final class RumbleRenderer: @unchecked Sendable {
            self.ticker?.cancel()
            self.ticker = nil
            self.target = (0, 0)
+            self.envelopeDeadline = nil
            self.wasActive = false
            self.teardown()
            self.closeHID()
@@ -293,9 +321,18 @@ final class RumbleRenderer: @unchecked Sendable {

    /// Watchdog + housekeeping heartbeat while audible.
    private func tick() {
-        if let after = policy.staleAfter, target != (0, 0), seconds(since: lastCommand) > after {
-            // The host refreshes rumble state every 500 ms; this much silence means the channel
-            // (or host) died while a motor was on. A direct-connected pad would have been
+        if let deadline = envelopeDeadline {
+            // v2 host lease: silence the moment it lapses unrenewed. This firing in the wild is the
+            // observable signature of a host that stopped renewing (a dropped stop, or a dead host)
+            // — the whole point of the envelope model: the motor can't outlive the host's intent.
+            if target != (0, 0), DispatchTime.now() >= deadline {
+                log.warning("rumble: envelope expired unrenewed — silencing")
+                target = (0, 0)
+                envelopeDeadline = nil
+            }
+        } else if let after = policy.staleAfter, target != (0, 0), seconds(since: lastCommand) > after {
+            // Legacy host (no lease): it re-sends state every 500 ms, so this much silence means the
+            // channel (or host) died while a motor was on. A direct-connected pad would have been
            // stopped by its game long ago — force the same outcome.
            log.warning(
                "rumble: no wire refresh for \(after, format: .fixed(precision: 1), privacy: .public)s — auto-silencing")
@@ -85,6 +85,12 @@ public final class InputCapture {
    /// its Esc suppression need it in both states).
    private var cmdKeysDown: Set<UInt32> = []

+    /// Physical Control/Option/Shift keys currently held (Windows VKs, both L/R sides). iPad only:
+    /// the ⌃⌥⇧Q release chord is recognized from the HID stream here (iOS has no NSEvent monitor,
+    /// like the ⌘⎋ toggle), so it needs the live modifier state — tracked in both forwarding states,
+    /// exactly like `cmdKeysDown`, and flushed by `releaseAll` when GC delivery stops.
+    private var chordModifiersDown: Set<UInt32> = []
+
    /// While true, mouse/keyboard flow to the host and key NSEvents are swallowed
    /// locally; while false the user is interacting with the local UI (dragging the
    /// window, clicking the HUD) and nothing is forwarded. Main-queue only.
@@ -113,11 +119,26 @@ public final class InputCapture {
    /// keyDown monitor only WHILE FORWARDING — that's the state in which the app's menu (which
    /// carries the same key equivalents for discoverability) can't see them, so the monitor is the
    /// captured-state delivery path; released, the events pass through and the menu handles them.
-    /// ⌃⌥⇧Q releases the captured mouse/keyboard; ⌃⌥⇧D disconnects; ⌃⌥⇧S toggles the stats
-    /// overlay. Main queue.
+    /// ⌃⌥⇧Q releases the captured mouse/keyboard; ⌃⌥⇧D disconnects; ⌃⌥⇧S cycles the stats
+    /// overlay tier (off → compact → normal → detailed). Main queue.
    public var onReleaseCapture: (() -> Void)?
    public var onDisconnect: (() -> Void)?
-    public var onToggleStats: (() -> Void)?
+    public var onCycleStats: (() -> Void)?
+
+    #if os(iOS)
+    /// Windows VKs of the three modifier classes in the ⌃⌥⇧Q release chord, both L/R sides:
+    /// control (0xA2/0xA3), option (0xA4/0xA5), shift (0xA0/0xA1). Used to sift the HID key stream.
+    private static let chordModifierVKs: Set<UInt32> = [0xA2, 0xA3, 0xA4, 0xA5, 0xA0, 0xA1]
+
+    /// Whether Control AND Option AND Shift are all currently held (either side of each counts) —
+    /// the modifier precondition for the iPad ⌃⌥⇧Q release chord.
+    private var hasReleaseChordModifiers: Bool {
+        let m = chordModifiersDown
+        return (m.contains(0xA2) || m.contains(0xA3)) // control
+            && (m.contains(0xA4) || m.contains(0xA5)) // option
+            && (m.contains(0xA0) || m.contains(0xA1)) // shift
+    }
+    #endif

    /// Fired when a newer InputCapture takes the process-global GC handler slots (the
    /// singletons hold ONE handler each): the preempted owner must drop its capture
@@ -246,7 +267,7 @@ public final class InputCapture {
                    return nil
                case 1 /* S */:
                    self.suppressedVK = 0x53
-                    self.onToggleStats?()
+                    self.onCycleStats?()
                    return nil
                default:
                    break
@@ -294,6 +315,7 @@ public final class InputCapture {
    /// in another app would otherwise stay "held" here forever — hijacking Esc).
    private func releaseAll() {
        cmdKeysDown.removeAll()
+        chordModifiersDown.removeAll()
        suppressedVK = nil
        for vk in pressedVKs {
            connection.send(.key(vk, down: false))
@@ -576,6 +598,13 @@ public final class InputCapture {
                    self.cmdKeysDown.remove(vk)
                }
            }
+            #if os(iOS)
+            // Track Control/Option/Shift for the ⌃⌥⇧Q release chord below — in both forwarding
+            // states (like `cmdKeysDown`) so a modifier held before capture engaged still counts.
+            if Self.chordModifierVKs.contains(vk) {
+                if pressed { self.chordModifiersDown.insert(vk) } else { self.chordModifiersDown.remove(vk) }
+            }
+            #endif
            // The ⌘⎋ toggle's Esc — checked before the forwarding gate, because in the
            // engage direction forwarding is already true when this fires.
            if vk == self.suppressedVK {
@@ -592,6 +621,18 @@ public final class InputCapture {
            }
            #endif
            guard self.forwarding else { return }
+            #if os(iOS)
+            // ⌃⌥⇧Q releases the captured mouse/keyboard (cross-client parity — the same combo the
+            // macOS keyDown monitor handles). Recognized only while forwarding (nothing to release
+            // otherwise). The Q is latched (`suppressedVK`) so its keyUp can't type into the host;
+            // the ⌃⌥⇧ modifiers were forwarded as they went down and are flushed by the release
+            // path (setCaptured(false) → releaseAll). VK 0x51 is layout-independent (physical Q).
+            if pressed, vk == 0x51, self.hasReleaseChordModifiers {
+                self.suppressedVK = 0x51
+                self.onReleaseCapture?()
+                return
+            }
+            #endif
            // Release direction of the toggle: GC's Esc-down can beat the NSEvent
            // monitor — never type Esc into the host while ⌘ is held (⌘⎋ is reserved).
            if vk == 0x1B, !self.cmdKeysDown.isEmpty {
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+// The Siri Remote as a pointing device during a tvOS streaming session — the remote's touch
+// surface drives the HOST cursor (relative deltas, like a laptop trackpad), a surface press
+// clicks (left button), and Play/Pause right-clicks. It also owns the remote's DELIBERATE
+// session exit: hold Back/Menu ≥ `disconnectHold`. A short Back press does nothing — the
+// UIKit menu press it also generates is swallowed by ContentView's session branch, so neither
+// a trackpad fumble nor a game-controller B press can end the session (the pad's exit is the
+// L1+R1+Start+Select chord in GamepadCapture).
+//
+// The remote is read through GameController as a GCMicroGamepad with
+// `reportsAbsoluteDpadValues = true`: the dpad axes then report the finger's ABSOLUTE position
+// on the surface (±1, +y up) while touched, and snap to exactly (0, 0) on lift. Successive
+// positions are differenced into relative mouse deltas; the exact-zero snap is treated as a
+// lift (a real touch at the mathematical centre is measure-zero, and one dropped delta there
+// is imperceptible). Handlers (not a poll) — the same in-session delivery GamepadCapture
+// relies on.
+//
+// Lifecycle mirrors GamepadCapture: started by SessionModel when streaming begins (never
+// during the trust prompt), stopped on disconnect; held buttons are released on stop so the
+// host never keeps a stuck click.
+
+#if os(tvOS)
+import Foundation
+import GameController
+import UIKit
+
+@MainActor
+public final class SiriRemotePointer {
+    private let connection: PunktfunkConnection
+    private var observers: [NSObjectProtocol] = []
+    private var bound: GCController?
+    /// Finger position (±1 axes) at the last dpad callback while touched; nil = lifted.
+    private var lastTouch: (x: Float, y: Float)?
+    /// Wire buttons currently held (1 = left, 3 = right) — released on stop/unbind.
+    private var heldButtons: Set<UInt32> = []
+    /// When Back/Menu went down; a release after `disconnectHold` fires the exit.
+    private var menuDownAt: Date?
+
+    /// Hold Back/Menu at least this long (then release) to end the session. Shorter than the
+    /// controller chord's 1.5 s — the remote has no way to trip this during gameplay.
+    private static let disconnectHold: TimeInterval = 1.0
+    /// A full edge-to-edge swipe moves the host cursor about this many pixels. The surface is
+    /// small; two comfortable swipes should cross a 1080p desktop.
+    private static let pointerScale: Float = 1100
+    /// Largest single-callback finger travel accepted as real motion (surface units; the axes
+    /// span ±1, so 0.4 ≈ a fifth of the pad). On RELEASE the hardware slides the reported
+    /// position back to (0, 0) through intermediate callbacks — naive differencing turns that
+    /// tail into reverse deltas that RETRACE the whole swipe, so the cursor springs back to its
+    /// anchor and the pointer feels absolute. Real finger motion arrives as many small steps
+    /// (even a fast flick stays well under this per callback); the release tail arrives as one
+    /// or two huge jumps — discard those (the anchor still follows, so nothing accumulates).
+    private static let maxStep: Float = 0.4
+
+    /// Fired ON MAIN after Back/Menu was held ≥ `disconnectHold` and released.
+    public var onDisconnectRequest: (() -> Void)?
+
+    public init(connection: PunktfunkConnection) {
+        self.connection = connection
+    }
+
+    public func start() {
+        observers.append(NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(
+            forName: .GCControllerDidConnect, object: nil, queue: .main
+        ) { [weak self] _ in
+            MainActor.assumeIsolated { self?.rebind() }
+        })
+        observers.append(NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(
+            forName: .GCControllerDidDisconnect, object: nil, queue: .main
+        ) { [weak self] _ in
+            MainActor.assumeIsolated { self?.rebind() }
+        })
+        rebind()
+    }
+
+    public func stop() {
+        observers.forEach(NotificationCenter.default.removeObserver(_:))
+        observers.removeAll()
+        bind(nil)
+    }
+
+    /// The Siri Remote is the non-extended controller carrying a microGamepad — a full gamepad
+    /// (which also EXPOSES a microGamepad view of itself) must never be captured here, its
+    /// buttons belong to GamepadCapture.
+    private func rebind() {
+        let remote = GCController.controllers().first {
+            $0.extendedGamepad == nil && $0.microGamepad != nil
+        }
+        bind(remote)
+    }
+
+    private func bind(_ controller: GCController?) {
+        guard controller !== bound else { return }
+        if let old = bound?.microGamepad {
+            old.dpad.valueChangedHandler = nil
+            old.buttonA.pressedChangedHandler = nil
+            old.buttonX.pressedChangedHandler = nil
+            old.buttonMenu.pressedChangedHandler = nil
+        }
+        releaseHeld()
+        lastTouch = nil
+        menuDownAt = nil
+        bound = controller
+        guard let micro = controller?.microGamepad else { return }
+
+        // Absolute finger position instead of the emulated dpad — the raw surface is what a
+        // trackpad needs. Rotation stays off: the remote's natural grip is the coordinate frame.
+        micro.reportsAbsoluteDpadValues = true
+        micro.allowsRotation = false
+
+        micro.dpad.valueChangedHandler = { [weak self] _, x, y in
+            MainActor.assumeIsolated { self?.touchMoved(x: x, y: y) }
+        }
+        // Surface click = left button; Play/Pause = right (the remote's only spare face button).
+        micro.buttonA.pressedChangedHandler = { [weak self] _, _, pressed in
+            MainActor.assumeIsolated { self?.setButton(1, down: pressed) }
+        }
+        micro.buttonX.pressedChangedHandler = { [weak self] _, _, pressed in
+            MainActor.assumeIsolated { self?.setButton(3, down: pressed) }
+        }
+        micro.buttonMenu.pressedChangedHandler = { [weak self] _, _, pressed in
+            MainActor.assumeIsolated { self?.menuChanged(pressed: pressed) }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func touchMoved(x: Float, y: Float) {
+        // Exact (0, 0) is the lift snap — drop the anchor so the next touch starts a fresh
+        // gesture instead of a jump-delta from the old position.
+        guard x != 0 || y != 0 else {
+            lastTouch = nil
+            return
+        }
+        defer { lastTouch = (x, y) }
+        guard let last = lastTouch else { return } // first contact anchors, moves nothing
+        let stepX = x - last.x
+        let stepY = y - last.y
+        // The release tail (and any tracking glitch) shows up as a single impossible jump —
+        // see `maxStep`. Skip the emission; the deferred anchor update above still follows the
+        // reported position, so the gesture cleanly re-anchors instead of retracing.
+        guard abs(stepX) < Self.maxStep, abs(stepY) < Self.maxStep else { return }
+        let dx = stepX * Self.pointerScale / 2 // axes span ±1 → full swipe = 2.0
+        let dy = -stepY * Self.pointerScale / 2 // GC +y is up; mouse +y is down
+        let ix = Int32(dx.rounded())
+        let iy = Int32(dy.rounded())
+        guard ix != 0 || iy != 0 else { return }
+        connection.send(.mouseMove(dx: ix, dy: iy))
+    }
+
+    private func setButton(_ button: UInt32, down: Bool) {
+        if down { heldButtons.insert(button) } else { heldButtons.remove(button) }
+        connection.send(.mouseButton(button, down: down))
+    }
+
+    private func menuChanged(pressed: Bool) {
+        if pressed {
+            menuDownAt = Date()
+            return
+        }
+        let heldFor = menuDownAt.map { Date().timeIntervalSince($0) } ?? 0
+        menuDownAt = nil
+        if heldFor >= Self.disconnectHold {
+            onDisconnectRequest?()
+        }
+        // A short press is deliberately nothing: the accompanying UIKit menu press is swallowed
+        // in ContentView, and forwarding it as a host key would make trackpad fumbles type.
+    }
+
+    private func releaseHeld() {
+        for button in heldButtons {
+            connection.send(.mouseButton(button, down: false))
+        }
+        heldButtons.removeAll()
+    }
+}
+#endif
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 // touch gesture model (clients/android .../TouchInput.kt) so the two touch clients feel
 // identical. Two mouse modes share one gesture vocabulary — tap = left click · two-finger
 // tap = right click · two-finger drag = scroll · tap-then-press-and-drag = held left drag
-// (text selection / window moves) · three-finger tap = stats-HUD toggle:
+// (text selection / window moves) · three-finger tap = cycles the stats overlay tiers
+// (off → compact → normal → detailed, matching Android):
 //
 //  * trackpad (default): the cursor STAYS PUT on touch-down and moves by the finger's
 //    relative delta with mild acceleration — swipe to nudge, lift and re-swipe to walk it
@@ -164,7 +165,7 @@ final class TouchMouse {
        } else if !moved {
            switch maxFingers {
            case 3...:
-                Self.toggleHUD() // in-stream stats-overlay toggle, same as Android
+                Self.cycleStats() // in-stream stats-tier cycle, same as Android
            case 2: // two-finger tap → right click
                send?(.mouseButton(Button.right, down: true))
                send?(.mouseButton(Button.right, down: false))
@@ -274,12 +275,11 @@ final class TouchMouse {
        }
    }

-    /// Three-finger tap toggles the stats overlay — through the shared `hudEnabled` default,
-    /// which the app's HUD views observe via @AppStorage (so this needs no wiring to them).
-    private static func toggleHUD() {
-        let defaults = UserDefaults.standard
-        let on = defaults.object(forKey: DefaultsKey.hudEnabled) as? Bool ?? true
-        defaults.set(!on, forKey: DefaultsKey.hudEnabled)
+    /// Three-finger tap cycles the stats overlay tiers (off → compact → normal → detailed) —
+    /// through the shared `statsVerbosity` default, which the app's HUD views observe via
+    /// @AppStorage (so this needs no wiring to them). Same cycle as Android's triple-tap.
+    private static func cycleStats() {
+        StatsVerbosity.store(StatsVerbosity.current.next())
    }
 }
 #endif
@@ -11,6 +11,15 @@ public enum DefaultsKey {
    public static let streamWidth = "punktfunk.width"
    public static let streamHeight = "punktfunk.height"
    public static let streamHz = "punktfunk.hz"
+    /// Match-window resolution policy (design/midstream-resolution-resize.md D1/D2): when on, the
+    /// stream mode FOLLOWS the session view — the connect asks for the view's pixel size and a
+    /// mid-session resize (a windowed macOS window, an iPad Stage Manager / Split View scene)
+    /// renegotiates the host's virtual display + encoder (`PunktfunkConnection.requestMode`), so a
+    /// windowed session streams native-resolution pixels instead of scaling. Off (default): the
+    /// explicit `streamWidth`/`streamHeight` are used and never auto-resized (a fullscreen session
+    /// is native either way, so this degenerates to Auto-native there). Read per session by the
+    /// stream views' `MatchWindowFollower`.
+    public static let matchWindow = "punktfunk.matchWindow"
    public static let compositor = "punktfunk.compositor"
    public static let gamepadType = "punktfunk.gamepadType"
    public static let gamepadID = "punktfunk.gamepadID"
@@ -30,6 +39,11 @@ public enum DefaultsKey {
    /// discrete channel, and the default N→stereo downmix grabs channels 0/1 (silence when the mic
    /// is higher up), so we fold to mono ourselves. Only meaningful for multi-channel devices.
    public static let micChannel = "punktfunk.micChannel"
+    /// Which presenter runs a session: "stage2" (default — explicit decode + Metal present on
+    /// frame arrival), "stage3" (same pipeline, glass-gated present pacing — the experimental
+    /// low-display-latency A/B; see Stage2Pipeline's PresentPacing), or "stage1" (DEBUG-only
+    /// system-layer fallback). Resolved once per session by SessionPresenter;
+    /// PUNKTFUNK_PRESENTER=stage1|stage2|stage3 overrides it for A/B.
    public static let presenter = "punktfunk.presenter"
    /// macOS: V-Sync the stream's presents — each decoded frame flips on the next display vsync
    /// (evenly paced, no tearing under direct scanout) instead of as soon as the GPU finishes
@@ -67,9 +81,15 @@ public enum DefaultsKey {
    public static let libraryEnabled = "punktfunk.libraryEnabled"
    /// macOS: take the window fullscreen while streaming and restore it on the host list. On by default.
    public static let fullscreenWhileStreaming = "punktfunk.fullscreenWhileStreaming"
-    /// Show the streaming statistics overlay (mode/fps/throughput/latency). On by default; toggle
-    /// while streaming with ⌃⌥⇧S (the cross-client Ctrl+Alt+Shift+S; macOS / hardware keyboard).
+    /// LEGACY (pre-tiered overlay): the old boolean stats-overlay toggle. Kept ONLY as the
+    /// migration fallback `StatsVerbosity.current` reads when `statsVerbosity` was never
+    /// written (absent-or-true → .normal, explicit false → .off). Never written anymore.
    public static let hudEnabled = "punktfunk.hudEnabled"
+    /// The statistics overlay tier — a `StatsVerbosity` raw value ("off"/"compact"/"normal"/
+    /// "detailed"). Absent → migrated from the legacy `hudEnabled` bool (see above). Cycle it
+    /// while streaming with ⌃⌥⇧S (the cross-client Ctrl+Alt+Shift+S; macOS / hardware
+    /// keyboard) or a three-finger tap (touch), matching the Android client.
+    public static let statsVerbosity = "punktfunk.statsVerbosity"
    /// Which corner the statistics overlay sits in — a `HUDPlacement` raw value
    /// ("topLeading"/"topTrailing"/"bottomLeading"/"bottomTrailing"). Default top-trailing.
    public static let hudPlacement = "punktfunk.hudPlacement"
@@ -77,6 +97,12 @@ public enum DefaultsKey {
    /// layout (the console launcher, gamepad-navigable settings, a coverflow-style library)
    /// whenever a gamepad is connected. On by default; see `GamepadUIEnvironment.isActive`.
    public static let gamepadUIEnabled = "punktfunk.gamepadUIEnabled"
+    /// Auto-wake on connect: when connecting to a saved host that isn't advertising on mDNS, fire
+    /// Wake-on-LAN and, if the dial fails, wait for it to come back before retrying (the "Waking…"
+    /// overlay). On by default. Turn off if a host that's already on just isn't seen on mDNS (a
+    /// routed/VPN host), so connects go straight through instead of waiting out the wake timeout.
+    /// The explicit "Wake Host" action stays available regardless. Read by ContentView.startSession.
+    public static let autoWake = "punktfunk.autoWake"
 }

 extension Notification.Name {
@@ -13,14 +13,14 @@ public enum Licenses {
        return text
    }

-    /// punktfunk's own license — MIT OR Apache-2.0, at your option.
+    /// Punktfunk's own license — MIT OR Apache-2.0, at your option.
    public static var appLicense: String {
        let mit = resource("LICENSE-MIT")
        let apache = resource("LICENSE-APACHE")
        if mit.isEmpty && apache.isEmpty {
-            return "punktfunk is licensed under MIT OR Apache-2.0, at your option."
+            return "Punktfunk is licensed under MIT OR Apache-2.0, at your option."
        }
-        return "punktfunk is licensed under MIT OR Apache-2.0, at your option.\n\n"
+        return "Punktfunk is licensed under MIT OR Apache-2.0, at your option.\n\n"
            + "================================ MIT ================================\n\n"
            + mit
            + "\n\n============================== Apache-2.0 ==============================\n\n"
@@ -51,11 +51,27 @@ public enum Licenses {
    /// Acknowledgements screen renders these chunks in a `LazyVStack` (only on-screen chunks lay
    /// out, and no chunk is tall enough to clip). Split at line boundaries and joined with "\n";
    /// the inter-chunk break is the `LazyVStack` row boundary, so no text is lost. Computed once.
-    public static let thirdPartyNoticesChunks: [String] = {
-        let lines = thirdPartyNotices.split(separator: "\n", omittingEmptySubsequences: false)
-        let chunkSize = 200
-        return stride(from: 0, to: lines.count, by: chunkSize).map { start in
-            lines[start..<min(start + chunkSize, lines.count)].joined(separator: "\n")
+    public static let thirdPartyNoticesChunks: [String] = chunked(thirdPartyNotices)
+
+    /// Lines per chunk: tvOS reads much smaller chunks — focus is how tvOS scrolls, and each
+    /// chunk is one focus stop, so a 200-line chunk (~5 screens tall there) would skip most of
+    /// itself per step; ~24 lines ≈ two thirds of a screen reads like a page turn. Elsewhere the
+    /// only constraint is the text-render height limit, so chunks stay big.
+    private static var chunkLines: Int {
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        24
+        #else
+        200
+        #endif
+    }
+
+    /// `text` split at line boundaries into render/focus-sized chunks (joined with "\n"; the
+    /// inter-chunk break is the caller's stack-row boundary, so no text is lost). tvOS pages
+    /// focus through these — every license wall on the Acknowledgements screen renders this way.
+    public static func chunked(_ text: String) -> [String] {
+        let lines = text.split(separator: "\n", omittingEmptySubsequences: false)
+        return stride(from: 0, to: lines.count, by: chunkLines).map { start in
+            lines[start..<min(start + chunkLines, lines.count)].joined(separator: "\n")
        }
-    }()
+    }
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+// The stats overlay's verbosity tier — a port of the Android client's 3-tier overlay semantics
+// so the two clients feel identical: Off → Compact (one-line pill) → Normal (headline stats) →
+// Detailed (plus the latency stage equation). Persisted under `DefaultsKey.statsVerbosity`;
+// the in-stream cycle surfaces (⌃⌥⇧S, the three-finger tap) advance it with
+// `store(current.next())`, and every UI reader observes the same default via @AppStorage.
+//
+// Lives in PunktfunkKit (not the app) because the kit's input paths (TouchMouse's three-finger
+// tap, InputCapture's captured-state ⌃⌥⇧S) cycle it directly.
+
+import Foundation
+
+/// How much of the streaming statistics overlay to show. The raw values are stable on disk —
+/// rename the cases freely, never the strings.
+public enum StatsVerbosity: String, CaseIterable, Sendable {
+    case off, compact, normal, detailed
+
+    /// User-facing tier label (Settings pickers, the gamepad settings row).
+    public var label: String {
+        switch self {
+        case .off: return "Off"
+        case .compact: return "Compact"
+        case .normal: return "Normal"
+        case .detailed: return "Detailed"
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// The next tier in the cycle: off → compact → normal → detailed → off (wrapping) —
+    /// the ⌃⌥⇧S / three-finger-tap order, same as Android.
+    public func next() -> StatsVerbosity {
+        switch self {
+        case .off: return .compact
+        case .compact: return .normal
+        case .normal: return .detailed
+        case .detailed: return .off
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// The persisted tier. When `statsVerbosity` has never been written, migrates from the
+    /// legacy `hudEnabled` bool the pre-tiered clients stored: absent-or-true → `.normal`
+    /// (the old "on" look minus the equation lines), explicit false → `.off`.
+    public static var current: StatsVerbosity {
+        let defaults = UserDefaults.standard
+        if let raw = defaults.string(forKey: DefaultsKey.statsVerbosity),
+           let tier = StatsVerbosity(rawValue: raw) {
+            return tier
+        }
+        if let legacy = defaults.object(forKey: DefaultsKey.hudEnabled) as? Bool, !legacy {
+            return .off
+        }
+        return .normal
+    }
+
+    /// Persist a tier (the cycle surfaces write through here; the Settings pickers write the
+    /// same key via @AppStorage).
+    public static func store(_ tier: StatsVerbosity) {
+        UserDefaults.standard.set(tier.rawValue, forKey: DefaultsKey.statsVerbosity)
+    }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+// The Y′CbCr→RGB conversion as three shader rows, ported from pf-client-core's `csc_rows`
+// (crates/pf-client-core/src/video.rs) — the ONE coefficient implementation every punktfunk
+// presenter derives its CSC from. Keep the two in LOCKSTEP: both carry the same unit tests
+// (CscRowsTests.swift ↔ the Rust `csc_rows` tests), and a coefficient change lands in both or
+// neither.
+//
+// Why this exists: the stage-2 Metal shaders used to hardcode BT.709 (SDR) / BT.2020 (HDR)
+// matrices, silently ignoring the stream's signaled matrix. A Linux host's RGB-input NVENC paths
+// signal BT.601 limited (NVENC's fixed internal RGB→YUV conversion; ffmpeg force-writes that
+// VUI), so those streams rendered with the wrong coefficients — a constant hue error. The rows
+// are now computed per frame from the decoded buffer's actual signaling (VideoToolbox propagates
+// the HEVC VUI / AV1 colour config onto the CVPixelBuffer's attachments) and handed to the
+// fragment shaders as bytes.
+
+import CoreVideo
+import simd
+
+/// The fragment shaders' CSC constant block: `rgb[i] = dot(r[i].xyz, yuv) + r[i].w`.
+/// Layout matches the Metal-side `struct CscUniform { float4 r0; float4 r1; float4 r2; }`
+/// (three 16-byte-aligned float4s, stride 48) — passed via `setFragmentBytes`.
+public struct CscUniform: Equatable, Sendable {
+    public var r0: SIMD4<Float>
+    public var r1: SIMD4<Float>
+    public var r2: SIMD4<Float>
+}
+
+public enum CscRows {
+    /// A decoded frame's Y′CbCr signaling: the H.273 matrix code (1 = BT.709, 5/6 = BT.601,
+    /// 9/10 = BT.2020; 2 = unspecified → the BT.709 SDR default, mirroring `ColorDesc`) and
+    /// whether the samples are full range.
+    public struct Signal: Equatable, Sendable {
+        public var matrix: UInt8
+        public var fullRange: Bool
+
+        public init(matrix: UInt8, fullRange: Bool) {
+            self.matrix = matrix
+            self.fullRange = fullRange
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Read a decoded buffer's signaling: the matrix from the `CVImageBuffer` attachment
+    /// (VideoToolbox propagates the bitstream's colour description there), the range from the
+    /// pixel format itself (the video- vs full-range biplanar siblings), so a full-range stream
+    /// expands correctly no matter which sibling VideoToolbox delivered.
+    public static func signal(of buffer: CVPixelBuffer) -> Signal {
+        var matrix: UInt8 = 2 // unspecified → BT.709 default in rows()
+        if let att = CVBufferCopyAttachment(buffer, kCVImageBufferYCbCrMatrixKey, nil),
+           CFGetTypeID(att) == CFStringGetTypeID() {
+            let s = unsafeDowncast(att, to: CFString.self)
+            if CFEqual(s, kCVImageBufferYCbCrMatrix_ITU_R_709_2) {
+                matrix = 1
+            } else if CFEqual(s, kCVImageBufferYCbCrMatrix_ITU_R_601_4) {
+                matrix = 5
+            } else if CFEqual(s, kCVImageBufferYCbCrMatrix_SMPTE_240M_1995) {
+                matrix = 7
+            } else if CFEqual(s, kCVImageBufferYCbCrMatrix_ITU_R_2020) {
+                matrix = 9
+            } else {
+                // CICP codes CoreMedia has no named constant for arrive as the literal string
+                // "YCbCrMatrix#<code>" — the suffix IS the H.273 code. BT.470BG (5) takes this
+                // form (proven by the 601 golden fixture), and BT.470BG is exactly what a Linux
+                // host's RGB-input NVENC signals, so missing it re-creates the hue bug the
+                // per-frame signaling exists to fix.
+                let str = s as String
+                if str.hasPrefix("YCbCrMatrix#"), let code = UInt8(str.dropFirst(12)) {
+                    matrix = code
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        let pf = CVPixelBufferGetPixelFormatType(buffer)
+        let fullRange = pf == kCVPixelFormatType_420YpCbCr8BiPlanarFullRange
+            || pf == kCVPixelFormatType_420YpCbCr10BiPlanarFullRange
+            || pf == kCVPixelFormatType_444YpCbCr8BiPlanarFullRange
+            || pf == kCVPixelFormatType_444YpCbCr10BiPlanarFullRange
+        return Signal(matrix: matrix, fullRange: fullRange)
+    }
+
+    /// Compute the three rows — bit-depth exact. `depth` picks the limited-range code points
+    /// (8-bit: 16/235/240 over 255; 10-bit: 64/940/960 over 1023 — NOT the same normalized
+    /// values, the difference is ~half a code). `msbPacked` folds in the P010/x444 packing
+    /// factor: 10 significant bits live in the MSBs of 16, so an `.r16Unorm` sample reads
+    /// `code·64/65535` — multiplying by `65535/65472` recovers exact `code/1023` (this replaces
+    /// the shaders' old documented ~0.1% approximation).
+    public static func rows(_ signal: Signal, depth: Int, msbPacked: Bool) -> CscUniform {
+        // BT.601 (5/6), BT.2020 (9/10); everything else — incl. unspecified — is the host's
+        // BT.709 SDR default (mirrors the Rust side's dispatch).
+        let (kr, kb): (Double, Double)
+        switch signal.matrix {
+        case 5, 6: (kr, kb) = (0.299, 0.114)
+        case 9, 10: (kr, kb) = (0.2627, 0.0593)
+        default: (kr, kb) = (0.2126, 0.0722)
+        }
+        let kg = 1.0 - kr - kb
+        let max = Double((1 << depth) - 1) // 255 / 1023
+        let step = Double(1 << (depth - 8)) // code points per 8-bit step: 1 / 4
+        let pack = msbPacked ? 65535.0 / 65472.0 : 1.0
+        let (sy, oy, sc): (Double, Double, Double)
+        if signal.fullRange {
+            (sy, oy, sc) = (pack, 0.0, pack)
+        } else {
+            (sy, oy, sc) = (
+                pack * max / (219.0 * step),
+                -(16.0 * step) / max,
+                pack * max / (224.0 * step)
+            )
+        }
+        // rgb = M * (yuv + off) = M*yuv + M*off — rows of M with the offset dot folded into
+        // w. `yuv` is the SAMPLED (packed) value, so the offsets divide by the packing
+        // factor to land on the same scale.
+        let off = [oy / pack, -0.5 / pack, -0.5 / pack]
+        let m: [[Double]] = [
+            [sy, 0.0, 2.0 * (1.0 - kr) * sc],
+            [
+                sy,
+                -2.0 * (1.0 - kb) * kb / kg * sc,
+                -2.0 * (1.0 - kr) * kr / kg * sc,
+            ],
+            [sy, 2.0 * (1.0 - kb) * sc, 0.0],
+        ]
+        func row(_ r: Int) -> SIMD4<Float> {
+            let w = (0..<3).reduce(0.0) { $0 + m[r][$1] * off[$1] }
+            return SIMD4(Float(m[r][0]), Float(m[r][1]), Float(m[r][2]), Float(w))
+        }
+        return CscUniform(r0: row(0), r1: row(1), r2: row(2))
+    }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+// Match-window resize follower (design/midstream-resolution-resize.md D1/D2, client C3).
+//
+// The presenting view feeds this its PHYSICAL-PIXEL size on every layout; it debounces to
+// resize-end, spaces requests ≥ 1 s apart, and asks the connection to switch the host's virtual
+// display + encoder to match (`PunktfunkConnection.requestMode`) — so a windowed macOS session or
+// an iPad Stage Manager / Split View scene streams native-resolution pixels instead of scaling.
+// The decode/present side needs nothing: VideoToolbox recreates its session on the keyframe-derived
+// format-description change (the first new-mode AU is an IDR with fresh parameter sets).
+//
+// The trigger discipline is the shared cross-client one (mirrors the session binary's
+// `resize_decision`): physical pixels rounded DOWN to even (the host rejects odd dimensions) and
+// clamped ≥ 320×200; debounce to resize-end; ≥ 1 s between requests; skip a size equal to the live
+// mode; and request each distinct size at most once — which both stops re-asking a rejected size
+// and keeps a host-side rollback (accepted, rebuild failed, corrective ack restored the old mode)
+// from looping request → rollback → request.
+
+import Foundation
+
+/// The pure, side-effect-free core of the Match-window trigger — so the normalize/skip discipline
+/// is unit-tested without a live connection or a UI (`MatchWindowTests`).
+public enum MatchWindow {
+    /// Even-floor + clamp a physical-pixel size to a host-valid mode dimension: the host's
+    /// `validate_dimensions` rejects odd sizes, and we never ask below 320×200.
+    public static func normalize(widthPx: Int, heightPx: Int) -> (width: UInt32, height: UInt32) {
+        let evenClamp: (Int, UInt32) -> UInt32 = { px, minimum in
+            let even = UInt32(max(px, 0)) / 2 * 2
+            return max(even, minimum)
+        }
+        return (evenClamp(widthPx, 320), evenClamp(heightPx, 200))
+    }
+
+    /// Whether to request `target` now (the debounce has already settled; spacing is the caller's
+    /// timer): `nil` to skip — equal to the live mode, or already requested once (a rejected size /
+    /// a host rollback must not loop). `target` is expected already-[normalize]d.
+    public static func request(
+        target: (width: UInt32, height: UInt32),
+        current: (width: UInt32, height: UInt32),
+        lastRequested: (width: UInt32, height: UInt32)?
+    ) -> (width: UInt32, height: UInt32)? {
+        if target.width == current.width, target.height == current.height { return nil }
+        if let lr = lastRequested, lr.width == target.width, lr.height == target.height { return nil }
+        return target
+    }
+}
+
+/// Owns the debounce timer + serialization state and drives `PunktfunkConnection.requestMode` from
+/// the stream view's layout callbacks. Main-actor: the views feed it on the main thread and it reads
+/// the connection's live mode there. Enabled per session from the `matchWindow` setting.
+@MainActor
+public final class MatchWindowFollower {
+    private weak var connection: PunktfunkConnection?
+    private let debounce: TimeInterval
+    private let minSpacing: TimeInterval
+    private var enabled: Bool
+
+    private var work: DispatchWorkItem?
+    private var pendingSize: (width: Int, height: Int)?
+    private var lastRequested: (width: UInt32, height: UInt32)?
+    private var lastRequestAt: Date?
+    /// The last size we reported via [`onResizeTarget`] — dedups the per-layout stream of a drag so
+    /// the UI is notified once per distinct target, and reset to `nil` when the window is back in
+    /// sync with the live mode (so a later resize re-reports).
+    private var lastSteered: (width: UInt32, height: UInt32)?
+
+    /// Fired (on the main actor) the instant the window starts differing from the live mode — i.e.
+    /// a resize is under way and a `Reconfigure` for `(width, height)` is imminent. Drives the
+    /// resize overlay's INSTANT feedback (blur + spinner) BEFORE the debounced request leaves; the
+    /// overlay clears when a decoded frame reaches this size (or on a timeout). Deduped per target.
+    public var onResizeTarget: ((_ width: UInt32, _ height: UInt32) -> Void)?
+
+    /// `debounce` = quiet time after the last size event before requesting (Win32 gets
+    /// `WM_EXITSIZEMOVE` for free; we debounce). `minSpacing` = floor between accepted requests
+    /// (a full host pipeline rebuild each). Defaults match the other clients.
+    public init(
+        connection: PunktfunkConnection,
+        enabled: Bool,
+        debounce: TimeInterval = 0.4,
+        minSpacing: TimeInterval = 1.0
+    ) {
+        self.connection = connection
+        self.enabled = enabled
+        self.debounce = debounce
+        self.minSpacing = minSpacing
+    }
+
+    /// Turn following on/off live (a mid-session settings change; off cancels a pending request).
+    public func setEnabled(_ on: Bool) {
+        enabled = on
+        if !on {
+            work?.cancel()
+            work = nil
+            pendingSize = nil
+            lastSteered = nil
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Feed the presenting view's current PHYSICAL-PIXEL size (its `bounds` × the backing/display
+    /// scale). Called from every layout pass; coalesced by the debounce so a drag-resize sends one
+    /// request at its end, never one per frame.
+    public func noteSize(widthPx: Int, heightPx: Int) {
+        guard enabled else { return }
+        pendingSize = (widthPx, heightPx)
+        schedule()
+        reportSteering(widthPx: widthPx, heightPx: heightPx)
+    }
+
+    /// Report the resize overlay's START signal (deduped): the moment the normalized window size
+    /// differs from the live mode we're steering toward a new size. No connection / no negotiated
+    /// mode yet → nothing to compare against, skip.
+    private func reportSteering(widthPx: Int, heightPx: Int) {
+        guard let connection else { return }
+        let target = MatchWindow.normalize(widthPx: widthPx, heightPx: heightPx)
+        let mode = connection.currentMode()
+        guard mode.width > 0, mode.height > 0 else { return }
+        if target.width == mode.width, target.height == mode.height {
+            lastSteered = nil // back in sync — a later change re-reports
+            return
+        }
+        if lastSteered?.width == target.width, lastSteered?.height == target.height { return }
+        lastSteered = target
+        onResizeTarget?(target.width, target.height)
+    }
+
+    private func schedule() {
+        work?.cancel()
+        let item = DispatchWorkItem { [weak self] in self?.fire() }
+        work = item
+        DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + debounce, execute: item)
+    }
+
+    private func fire() {
+        guard enabled, let connection, let size = pendingSize else { return }
+        // ≥ 1 s spacing: a request went out recently → re-arm the debounce and retry later rather
+        // than fire early (keeps at most ~one request outstanding — the accept ack round-trips in
+        // milliseconds, ahead of the host's rebuild).
+        if let last = lastRequestAt, Date().timeIntervalSince(last) < minSpacing {
+            schedule()
+            return
+        }
+        let target = MatchWindow.normalize(widthPx: size.width, heightPx: size.height)
+        let mode = connection.currentMode()
+        pendingSize = nil
+        guard let req = MatchWindow.request(
+            target: target,
+            current: (mode.width, mode.height),
+            lastRequested: lastRequested
+        ) else { return }
+        // Keep the current refresh — Match-window follows SIZE, not rate.
+        connection.requestMode(width: req.width, height: req.height, refreshHz: mode.refreshHz)
+        lastRequested = req
+        lastRequestAt = Date()
+    }
+}
@@ -28,17 +28,39 @@ private let presenterLog = Logger(subsystem: "io.unom.punktfunk", category: "pre
 /// dimmer. Matches the host's standard PQ reference white.
 private let hdrReferenceWhiteNits: Float = 203.0

-/// Runtime-compiled (no metallib build step needed in SwiftPM): a fullscreen triangle and BT.709 SDR
-/// and BT.2020-PQ HDR Y′CbCr→RGB fragment shaders. uv.y is flipped (1 - p.y) so the top-left-origin
-/// texture presents upright (NDC y is up). The HDR shader outputs PQ-encoded R′G′B′ as-is — the
-/// CAMetalLayer's `itur_2100_PQ` colour space + `edrMetadata` tell the system compositor the samples
-/// are PQ and how to tone-map them (no EOTF here, matching the host's BT.2020 PQ emission).
+/// PUNKTFUNK_SDR_COLORSPACE=srgb — A/B hatch for the SDR layer's colour tag. Today the SDR layer
+/// ships with `colorspace = nil`, which on macOS means NO colour matching: the BT.709/sRGB-encoded
+/// stream is displayed with the panel's native primaries — mild oversaturation on every P3 Mac.
+/// `srgb` tags the layer so CoreAnimation colour-matches it into the panel's gamut (the strictly
+/// correct rendering). Kept OFF by default until the on-glass A/B confirms it (the nil path is the
+/// long-proven look, and some users may prefer the vivid rendition); flip the default once verified.
+private let sdrColorspaceOverride: CGColorSpace? = {
+    guard ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment["PUNKTFUNK_SDR_COLORSPACE"] == "srgb" else {
+        return nil
+    }
+    return CGColorSpace(name: CGColorSpace.sRGB)
+}()
+
+/// Runtime-compiled (no metallib build step needed in SwiftPM): a fullscreen triangle and Y′CbCr→RGB
+/// fragment shaders whose conversion arrives as three constant rows computed per frame on the CPU
+/// (`CscRows` — the Swift port of pf-client-core's `csc_rows`, from the decoded buffer's actual
+/// signaling). One set of coefficients honors BT.601/709/2020 × full/limited × 8/10-bit instead of
+/// the old hardcoded BT.709/BT.2020 matrices — a BT.601-signaled stream (a Linux host's RGB-input
+/// NVENC) used to render with BT.709 coefficients, a constant hue error. uv.y is flipped (1 - p.y)
+/// so the top-left-origin texture presents upright (NDC y is up). The HDR shader outputs PQ-encoded
+/// R′G′B′ as-is — the CAMetalLayer's `itur_2100_PQ` colour space + `edrMetadata` tell the system
+/// compositor the samples are PQ and how to tone-map them (no EOTF here, matching the host's
+/// BT.2020 PQ emission).
 private let shaderSource = """
 #include <metal_stdlib>
 using namespace metal;

 struct VOut { float4 pos [[position]]; float2 uv; };

+// The CPU-computed CSC rows (CscRows.swift, layout-matched): rgb[i] = dot(ri.xyz, yuv) + ri.w.
+// Range expansion, the matrix, and the 10-bit MSB-packing factor are all folded in.
+struct CscUniform { float4 r0; float4 r1; float4 r2; };
+
 vertex VOut pf_vtx(uint vid [[vertex_id]]) {
    float2 p = float2(float((vid << 1) & 2), float(vid & 2));
    VOut o;
@@ -94,43 +116,89 @@ float2 chromaUV(texture2d<float> lumaTex, texture2d<float> chromaTex, float2 uv)
    return uv;
 }

-// SDR: 8-bit NV12 / 4:4:4 (BT.709, limited/video range) → full-range RGB. Chroma is sampled at the
-// (siting-corrected) luma UV, so a full-size 4:4:4 chroma plane needs no shader change vs 4:2:0.
-fragment float4 pf_frag(VOut in [[stage_in]],
-                        texture2d<float> lumaTex [[texture(0)]],
-                        texture2d<float> chromaTex [[texture(1)]]) {
+// The shared sample + row-multiply: Y′CbCr (bicubic luma, siting-corrected bilinear chroma) →
+// RGB via the per-frame rows. A full-size 4:4:4 chroma plane needs no change vs 4:2:0 (the siting
+// offset self-disables). What the result MEANS depends on the stream: an SDR frame's rows yield
+// gamma-encoded RGB, an HDR frame's rows yield PQ-encoded R′G′B′ — the fragment variants below
+// differ only in what they do next.
+float3 sampleRgb(texture2d<float> lumaTex, texture2d<float> chromaTex, float2 uv,
+                 constant CscUniform& csc) {
    constexpr sampler s(filter::linear, address::clamp_to_edge);
-    float y = catmullRomLuma(lumaTex, s, in.uv);
-    float2 c = chromaTex.sample(s, chromaUV(lumaTex, chromaTex, in.uv)).rg;
-    // BT.709, 8-bit limited (video) range → full-range RGB.
-    y = (y - 16.0/255.0) * (255.0/219.0);
-    float u = (c.x - 128.0/255.0) * (255.0/224.0);
-    float v = (c.y - 128.0/255.0) * (255.0/224.0);
-    float r = y + 1.5748 * v;
-    float g = y - 0.1873 * u - 0.4681 * v;
-    float b = y + 1.8556 * u;
-    return float4(saturate(float3(r, g, b)), 1.0);
+#ifdef PF_BILINEAR_LUMA
+    // DEBUG (PUNKTFUNK_BILINEAR_LUMA=1): plain bilinear luma — Catmull-Rom OFF. A/B lever to see if
+    // the bicubic overshoot contributes to edge fringing. NOTE: at a true 1:1 present both paths
+    // reduce to the identity texel, so if this toggle VISIBLY changes the picture, the present is
+    // NOT 1:1 (there's a resample); if it looks identical, the fringing is upstream (codec/source/OS).
+    float lumaY = lumaTex.sample(s, uv).r;
+#else
+    float lumaY = catmullRomLuma(lumaTex, s, uv);
+#endif
+    float3 yuv = float3(lumaY,
+                        chromaTex.sample(s, chromaUV(lumaTex, chromaTex, uv)).rg);
+    return saturate(float3(dot(csc.r0.xyz, yuv) + csc.r0.w,
+                           dot(csc.r1.xyz, yuv) + csc.r1.w,
+                           dot(csc.r2.xyz, yuv) + csc.r2.w));
 }

-// HDR: 10-bit P010 / 4:4:4 (BT.2020, limited range), Y′CbCr that is PQ-encoded. We apply the BT.2020
-// matrix to get PQ-encoded R′G′B′ and output it as-is — the CAMetalLayer's itur_2100_PQ colour space
-// + edrMetadata tell the compositor the samples are PQ, so it does the PQ→display tone-map. No EOTF
-// here. P010/x444 store the 10-bit code in the high bits of each 16-bit sample, so an .r16Unorm sample
-// reads ~code/1023 (the /1024 vs /1023 error is < 0.1%).
+// SDR: 8-bit NV12 / 4:4:4 → full-range RGB, transfer left baked (shown as-is, the proven SDR
+// layer config).
+fragment float4 pf_frag(VOut in [[stage_in]],
+                        texture2d<float> lumaTex [[texture(0)]],
+                        texture2d<float> chromaTex [[texture(1)]],
+                        constant CscUniform& csc [[buffer(0)]]) {
+    return float4(sampleRgb(lumaTex, chromaTex, in.uv, csc), 1.0);
+}
+
+// HDR: 10-bit P010 / 4:4:4 (BT.2020, PQ-encoded Y′CbCr) → full-range PQ R′G′B′, output as-is —
+// the CAMetalLayer's itur_2100_PQ colour space + edrMetadata tell the compositor the samples are
+// PQ, so it does the PQ→display tone-map. No EOTF here. The rows fold in the exact 10-bit
+// MSB-packing factor (the old hardcoded shader carried a documented ~0.1% /1024-vs-/1023 error).
 fragment float4 pf_frag_hdr(VOut in [[stage_in]],
                            texture2d<float> lumaTex [[texture(0)]],
-                            texture2d<float> chromaTex [[texture(1)]]) {
-    constexpr sampler s(filter::linear, address::clamp_to_edge);
-    float y = catmullRomLuma(lumaTex, s, in.uv);
-    float2 c = chromaTex.sample(s, chromaUV(lumaTex, chromaTex, in.uv)).rg;
-    // BT.2020 10-bit limited (video) range → full-range PQ R′G′B′.
-    y = (y - 64.0/1023.0) * (1023.0/876.0);
-    float u = (c.x - 512.0/1023.0) * (1023.0/896.0);
-    float v = (c.y - 512.0/1023.0) * (1023.0/896.0);
-    float r = y + 1.4746 * v;
-    float g = y - 0.16455 * u - 0.57135 * v;
-    float b = y + 1.8814 * u;
-    return float4(saturate(float3(r, g, b)), 1.0);
+                            texture2d<float> chromaTex [[texture(1)]],
+                            constant CscUniform& csc [[buffer(0)]]) {
+    return float4(sampleRgb(lumaTex, chromaTex, in.uv, csc), 1.0);
+}
+
+// HDR on tvOS when the display is composited WITHOUT HDR headroom (SDR output mode, or the user
+// disabled Match Dynamic Range): no Metal EDR API exists there (CAEDRMetadata /
+// wantsExtendedDynamicRangeContent are API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos)), and a bare PQ colour-space tag
+// composites UNtone-mapped — the CAMetalLayer header says so outright — which showed as a badly
+// overblown picture on Apple TV. So this variant finishes the job in-shader: PQ EOTF → linear
+// light, 203-nit reference white (BT.2408) anchored at display white, extended-Reinhard highlight
+// rolloff with a 1000-nit knee, BT.2020→BT.709 primaries, BT.709 OETF — into the proven SDR layer
+// config. The 10-bit BT.2020 stream keeps its full decode depth; only the final presentation is
+// display-referred SDR. (When the display IS in an HDR mode — requested per session via
+// AVDisplayManager, see StreamViewIOS — tvOS presents pf_frag_hdr's PQ passthrough instead:
+// in a genuine HDR10 output, PQ passthrough is the correct emission and the TV tone-maps.)
+fragment float4 pf_frag_hdr_tv(VOut in [[stage_in]],
+                               texture2d<float> lumaTex [[texture(0)]],
+                               texture2d<float> chromaTex [[texture(1)]],
+                               constant CscUniform& csc [[buffer(0)]]) {
+    // Y′CbCr → full-range PQ R′G′B′ via the per-frame rows (as pf_frag_hdr).
+    float3 pq = sampleRgb(lumaTex, chromaTex, in.uv, csc);
+    // ST 2084 EOTF: PQ code value → linear light, 1.0 = 10,000 nits.
+    const float m1 = 2610.0/16384.0;
+    const float m2 = 78.84375;
+    const float c1 = 3424.0/4096.0;
+    const float c2 = 18.8515625;
+    const float c3 = 18.6875;
+    float3 p = pow(pq, 1.0/m2);
+    float3 lin = pow(max(p - c1, 0.0) / (c2 - c3 * p), 1.0/m1);
+    // Scene-referred with diffuse white at 1.0 (the same 203-nit anchor the EDR path uses).
+    float3 t = lin * (10000.0/203.0);
+    // BT.2020 → BT.709 primaries while still linear; negatives are out-of-gamut, floor them.
+    float3 t709 = float3(
+        dot(t, float3( 1.6605, -0.5876, -0.0728)),
+        dot(t, float3(-0.1246,  1.1329, -0.0083)),
+        dot(t, float3(-0.0182, -0.1006,  1.1187)));
+    t709 = max(t709, 0.0);
+    // Extended Reinhard: 1.0 stays put, the 1000-nit knee lands at display white, above rolls off.
+    const float w = 1000.0/203.0;
+    float3 mapped = saturate(t709 * (1.0 + t709 / (w * w)) / (1.0 + t709));
+    // BT.709 OETF — the same encoding the SDR stream arrives in, so both paths present alike.
+    float3 e = select(1.099 * pow(mapped, 0.45) - 0.099, 4.5 * mapped, mapped < 0.018);
+    return float4(e, 1.0);
 }
 """

@@ -144,12 +212,19 @@ public final class MetalVideoPresenter {
    /// frame in `render`; the layer is reconfigured to match when the session flips (HDR toggle).
    private let pipelineSDR: MTLRenderPipelineState
    private let pipelineHDR: MTLRenderPipelineState
+    /// tvOS only: the in-shader PQ→SDR tone-map fallback (pf_frag_hdr_tv → bgra8), used whenever
+    /// the display is composited without HDR headroom — see `setDisplayHeadroom`. nil elsewhere.
+    private let pipelineHDRToneMap: MTLRenderPipelineState?
    private var textureCache: CVMetalTextureCache?

    /// Current layer configuration — switched in `configure(hdr:)` when a frame's HDR-ness differs.
    /// Render-thread confined once the pipeline runs (Stage2Pipeline.start's one pre-thread
    /// `configure` call is ordered before the thread starts, so it doesn't race).
    private var hdrActive = false
+    /// tvOS only: whether HDR frames currently present as PQ PASSTHROUGH (display has HDR headroom
+    /// — its own tone-map applies) vs the in-shader tone-map fallback. Render-thread confined;
+    /// derived from the staged display headroom at the top of every `render`.
+    private var hdrPassthroughActive = false
    /// Last HDR mastering grade received via `setHdrMeta` (the host's 0xCE). Cached so a mid-session
    /// SDR→HDR flip's `configureColor` re-applies the real grade instead of clobbering it back to the
    /// bare reference-white anchor (an out-of-order race otherwise: `setHdrMeta` and the flip both write
@@ -163,6 +238,11 @@ public final class MetalVideoPresenter {
    private let stagingLock = NSLock()
    private var pendingHdrMeta: PunktfunkConnection.HdrMeta?
    private var drawableTarget: CGSize = .zero
+    /// tvOS: the display's current EDR headroom (UIScreen.currentEDRHeadroom), pushed from the
+    /// main thread (SessionPresenter.layout + the mode-switch observers). > 1 ⇒ the display is
+    /// composited with HDR headroom, so HDR frames present as PQ passthrough; otherwise the
+    /// in-shader tone-map keeps the picture from blowing out. 1 (the default) is the safe start.
+    private var stagedDisplayHeadroom: CGFloat = 1.0

    #if DEBUG
    /// Last logged "decoded→drawable" signature, so the diagnostic logs only on a size/HDR change.
@@ -177,8 +257,18 @@ public final class MetalVideoPresenter {
        else { return nil }
        let pipelineSDR: MTLRenderPipelineState
        let pipelineHDR: MTLRenderPipelineState
+        let pipelineHDRToneMap: MTLRenderPipelineState?
        do {
-            let library = try device.makeLibrary(source: shaderSource, options: nil)
+            // DEBUG A/B lever: PUNKTFUNK_BILINEAR_LUMA=1 compiles the shader with Catmull-Rom OFF
+            // (plain bilinear luma) by prepending a #define ahead of the source. Default (unset) is
+            // the normal bicubic path. Read at presenter creation — set it in the environment and
+            // relaunch to flip; the log line confirms which path built.
+            let bilinearLuma = ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment["PUNKTFUNK_BILINEAR_LUMA"] == "1"
+            let source = (bilinearLuma ? "#define PF_BILINEAR_LUMA 1\n" : "") + shaderSource
+            if bilinearLuma {
+                presenterLog.info("stage2: PUNKTFUNK_BILINEAR_LUMA=1 — Catmull-Rom luma DISABLED (bilinear)")
+            }
+            let library = try device.makeLibrary(source: source, options: nil)
            let vtx = library.makeFunction(name: "pf_vtx")
            let sdr = MTLRenderPipelineDescriptor()
            sdr.vertexFunction = vtx
@@ -188,8 +278,20 @@ public final class MetalVideoPresenter {
            let hdr = MTLRenderPipelineDescriptor()
            hdr.vertexFunction = vtx
            hdr.fragmentFunction = library.makeFunction(name: "pf_frag_hdr")
-            hdr.colorAttachments[0].pixelFormat = .rgba16Float // EDR-capable
+            hdr.colorAttachments[0].pixelFormat = .rgba16Float // PQ passthrough
            pipelineHDR = try device.makeRenderPipelineState(descriptor: hdr)
+            #if os(tvOS)
+            // tvOS carries BOTH HDR pipelines: PQ passthrough when the display is composited
+            // with HDR headroom, the in-shader tone-map (→ the 8-bit SDR config) when it isn't.
+            // See setDisplayHeadroom / configureColor.
+            let tm = MTLRenderPipelineDescriptor()
+            tm.vertexFunction = vtx
+            tm.fragmentFunction = library.makeFunction(name: "pf_frag_hdr_tv")
+            tm.colorAttachments[0].pixelFormat = .bgra8Unorm
+            pipelineHDRToneMap = try device.makeRenderPipelineState(descriptor: tm)
+            #else
+            pipelineHDRToneMap = nil
+            #endif
        } catch {
            return nil
        }
@@ -229,17 +331,19 @@ public final class MetalVideoPresenter {

        return MetalVideoPresenter(
            device: device, queue: queue, pipelineSDR: pipelineSDR, pipelineHDR: pipelineHDR,
-            textureCache: textureCache, layer: layer)
+            pipelineHDRToneMap: pipelineHDRToneMap, textureCache: textureCache, layer: layer)
    }

    private init(
        device: MTLDevice, queue: MTLCommandQueue, pipelineSDR: MTLRenderPipelineState,
-        pipelineHDR: MTLRenderPipelineState, textureCache: CVMetalTextureCache, layer: CAMetalLayer
+        pipelineHDR: MTLRenderPipelineState, pipelineHDRToneMap: MTLRenderPipelineState?,
+        textureCache: CVMetalTextureCache, layer: CAMetalLayer
    ) {
        self.device = device
        self.queue = queue
        self.pipelineSDR = pipelineSDR
        self.pipelineHDR = pipelineHDR
+        self.pipelineHDRToneMap = pipelineHDRToneMap
        self.textureCache = textureCache
        self.layer = layer
    }
@@ -251,30 +355,68 @@ public final class MetalVideoPresenter {
    /// an rgba16Float drawable + BT.2020 PQ colour space + EDR with a 203-nit reference-white anchor;
    /// SDR uses the plain 8-bit sRGB path.
    public func configure(hdr: Bool) {
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        // Reconfigure on an HDR flip AND on a passthrough↔tone-map flip: the display's headroom
+        // changes when the AVDisplayManager mode switch (requested at session start) completes —
+        // typically a second or two into the session.
+        stagingLock.lock()
+        let passthrough = stagedDisplayHeadroom > 1.0
+        stagingLock.unlock()
+        guard hdr != hdrActive || (hdr && passthrough != hdrPassthroughActive) else { return }
+        hdrActive = hdr
+        hdrPassthroughActive = passthrough
+        #else
        guard hdr != hdrActive else { return }
        hdrActive = hdr
+        #endif
        configureColor(hdr: hdr)
    }

+    /// tvOS: park the display's current EDR headroom (a MAIN-thread `UIScreen` read — pushed by
+    /// SessionPresenter.layout and the stream view's mode-switch observers). > 1 flips HDR frames
+    /// to PQ passthrough (the display's own tone-map applies); ≤ 1 keeps the in-shader tone-map.
+    /// Applied by the render thread on the next frame, like every other staged value here.
+    public func setDisplayHeadroom(_ headroom: CGFloat) {
+        stagingLock.lock()
+        stagedDisplayHeadroom = headroom
+        stagingLock.unlock()
+    }
+
    /// Set the layer's pixel format + colour config for SDR or HDR. MAIN THREAD ONLY. EDR is requested
    /// on macOS + iOS (the old `#if os(macOS)` guard left iOS EDR half-engaged). tvOS has NO EDR API
-    /// (`wantsExtendedDynamicRangeContent`/`edrMetadata`/`CAEDRMetadata` are all unavailable there), so
-    /// it gets the PQ pixel format + colour space only — the tvOS compositor tone-maps from those.
+    /// (`wantsExtendedDynamicRangeContent`/`edrMetadata`/`CAEDRMetadata` are all unavailable there) —
+    /// and a bare PQ colour-space tag composites UNtone-mapped (the "overblown HDR" Apple TV report),
+    /// so tvOS instead tone-maps PQ→SDR in the shader (pf_frag_hdr_tv) and keeps the SDR layer config.
    private func configureColor(hdr: Bool) {
        if hdr {
+            #if os(tvOS)
+            if hdrPassthroughActive {
+                // Display composited WITH HDR headroom (the session's AVDisplayManager request
+                // landed): emit PQ passthrough — in a real HDR10 output that's the correct
+                // emission, and the TV applies its own tone-map.
+                layer.pixelFormat = .rgba16Float
+                layer.colorspace = CGColorSpace(name: CGColorSpace.itur_2100_PQ)
+            } else {
+                // SDR-composited display: PQ would render untone-mapped (blown out) — the
+                // pf_frag_hdr_tv shader tone-maps to SDR instead.
+                layer.pixelFormat = .bgra8Unorm
+                layer.colorspace = nil
+            }
+            #else
            layer.pixelFormat = .rgba16Float
            layer.colorspace = CGColorSpace(name: CGColorSpace.itur_2100_PQ)
-            #if !os(tvOS)
            layer.wantsExtendedDynamicRangeContent = true
            // Anchor reference white. Re-apply the real grade if one already arrived (0xCE before the
            // flip); otherwise the bare 203-nit anchor. Without this anchor the PQ signal is too bright.
            layer.edrMetadata = makeEDR(lastHdrMeta)
            #endif
        } else {
-            // SDR: gamma-encoded BT.709 [0,1] in an 8-bit drawable; a nil colorspace tags it device/sRGB
-            // (the proven SDR path — never showed the "too bright" issue, which was HDR-only).
+            // SDR: gamma-encoded BT.709 [0,1] in an 8-bit drawable. Default: nil colorspace = NO
+            // colour matching on macOS (the panel's native primaries — the long-proven look,
+            // slightly oversaturated on P3 panels); PUNKTFUNK_SDR_COLORSPACE=srgb tags the layer
+            // for correct colour matching instead (A/B pending — see sdrColorspaceOverride).
            layer.pixelFormat = .bgra8Unorm
-            layer.colorspace = nil
+            layer.colorspace = sdrColorspaceOverride
            #if !os(tvOS)
            layer.wantsExtendedDynamicRangeContent = false
            layer.edrMetadata = nil
@@ -360,6 +502,11 @@ public final class MetalVideoPresenter {
            || pf == kCVPixelFormatType_420YpCbCr10BiPlanarFullRange
            || pf == kCVPixelFormatType_444YpCbCr10BiPlanarVideoRange
            || pf == kCVPixelFormatType_444YpCbCr10BiPlanarFullRange
+        // The frame's Y′CbCr→RGB rows, from its ACTUAL signaling (buffer attachments + pixel
+        // format) — a BT.601-signaled stream gets 601 coefficients, full-range gets full-range
+        // expansion; recomputed per frame because the host can flip colour in-band (SDR↔HDR).
+        var csc = CscRows.rows(
+            CscRows.signal(of: pixelBuffer), depth: tenBit ? 10 : 8, msbPacked: tenBit)
        guard let textureCache,
              let luma = makeTexture(
                pixelBuffer, plane: 0, format: tenBit ? .r16Unorm : .r8Unorm, cache: textureCache),
@@ -395,9 +542,17 @@ public final class MetalVideoPresenter {
        guard let encoder = commandBuffer.makeRenderCommandEncoder(descriptor: pass) else {
            return false
        }
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        // HDR splits by the display's headroom (kept in step with the layer by `configure` above):
+        // PQ passthrough into an HDR-composited display, the tone-map shader otherwise.
+        let hdrPipeline = hdrPassthroughActive ? pipelineHDR : (pipelineHDRToneMap ?? pipelineHDR)
+        encoder.setRenderPipelineState(hdrActive ? hdrPipeline : pipelineSDR)
+        #else
        encoder.setRenderPipelineState(hdrActive ? pipelineHDR : pipelineSDR)
+        #endif
        encoder.setFragmentTexture(CVMetalTextureGetTexture(luma), index: 0)
        encoder.setFragmentTexture(CVMetalTextureGetTexture(chroma), index: 1)
+        encoder.setFragmentBytes(&csc, length: MemoryLayout<CscUniform>.stride, index: 0)
        encoder.drawPrimitives(type: .triangle, vertexStart: 0, vertexCount: 3)
        encoder.endEncoding()
        if let onPresented {
@@ -453,8 +608,17 @@ public final class MetalVideoPresenter {
        let sig = "\(Int(decoded.width))x\(Int(decoded.height))→\(Int(drawable.width))x\(Int(drawable.height))|hdr\(hdrActive ? 1 : 0)"
        if sig != lastSizeSig {
            lastSizeSig = sig
+            // Explicit verdict: is the shader presenting 1:1 (decoded == drawable) or resampling? The
+            // scale ratio makes a residual match-window mismatch obvious. If this says 1:1 but the
+            // picture is still soft, the resample is downstream of us (macOS compositor — a scaled
+            // display mode, or a fractional-pixel window position), not the shader.
+            let sx = decoded.width > 0 ? drawable.width / decoded.width : 0
+            let sy = decoded.height > 0 ? drawable.height / decoded.height : 0
+            let verdict = decoded == drawable
+                ? "1:1 (no resample)"
+                : String(format: "RESAMPLE scale=%.4fx%.4f", sx, sy)
            let msg =
-                "stage2: decoded \(Int(decoded.width))x\(Int(decoded.height)) → drawable \(Int(drawable.width))x\(Int(drawable.height)) hdr=\(hdrActive)"
+                "stage2: decoded \(Int(decoded.width))x\(Int(decoded.height)) → drawable \(Int(drawable.width))x\(Int(drawable.height)) [\(verdict)] hdr=\(hdrActive)"
            presenterLog.info("\(msg, privacy: .public)")
        }
    }
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+// Swift wrapper around the punktfunk-core C ABI's post-loss re-anchor gate
+// (`punktfunk_reanchor_gate_*`, ABI v6). The shared Rust gate (crates/punktfunk-core/src/reanchor.rs)
+// is what the Linux/Windows desktop pump and the Android client use directly; the Swift clients reach
+// it across the C ABI so the freeze-until-reanchor policy is defined ONCE for every platform.
+//
+// Why a freeze at all: after unrecoverable loss the host keeps sending delta frames that reference a
+// picture the client never got. Hardware decoders (VideoToolbox included) don't reliably error on
+// that — they CONCEAL, returning a gray/garbage frame with a success status. Presenting those is the
+// visible "gray flash with motion" of the loss reports. The gate withholds concealed frames and holds
+// the last good picture on glass until a PROVEN clean re-anchor lands — an IDR (wire `FLAG_SOF`), an
+// RFI recovery anchor (`USER_FLAG_RECOVERY_ANCHOR`), or the 2nd of two intra-refresh recovery marks
+// (`USER_FLAG_RECOVERY_POINT`) — with a bounded backstop so a lost re-anchor can never freeze forever.
+// See punktfunk-planning design/client-reanchor-freeze-parity.md.
+//
+// Threading: one gate per session. Its calls arrive from two threads — the pump thread (`arm` on a
+// frame-index gap / a submit failure, `poll` per iteration) and a VideoToolbox decode thread
+// (`onDecoded` per decoded frame, `onNoOutput` on a decode error). The raw Rust gate is a plain
+// struct behind an opaque pointer with no internal synchronization, so every call is serialized under
+// `lock` here — the calls are cheap field updates, so contention is negligible. `@unchecked Sendable`:
+// the lock enforces the contract.
+
+import Foundation
+import PunktfunkCore
+
+final class ReanchorGate: @unchecked Sendable {
+    private let lock = NSLock()
+    /// The opaque `ReanchorGate *`. `var` so `reseed` can swap it at session start. Never NULL
+    /// (`punktfunk_reanchor_gate_new` never returns NULL).
+    private var ptr: OpaquePointer
+
+    /// Seed the baseline with the connection's current `framesDropped` so the first `poll` doesn't
+    /// read the session's starting drop count as a fresh loss.
+    init(framesDropped: UInt64) {
+        ptr = punktfunk_reanchor_gate_new(framesDropped)
+    }
+
+    deinit { punktfunk_reanchor_gate_free(ptr) }
+
+    /// Re-anchor the drop-count baseline to `framesDropped` for a (re)started session. The gate is
+    /// created in the pipeline's init (before a connection exists, seeded 0); `start` calls this once
+    /// the live connection's count is known so a mid-life connection's non-zero baseline isn't
+    /// mistaken for loss on the first poll.
+    func reseed(framesDropped: UInt64) {
+        lock.lock()
+        defer { lock.unlock() }
+        punktfunk_reanchor_gate_free(ptr)
+        ptr = punktfunk_reanchor_gate_new(framesDropped)
+    }
+
+    /// Arm the freeze: a loss was detected (a frame-index gap, or a decoder wedge). Zeroes the
+    /// recovery-mark count and (re)sets the backstop deadline.
+    func arm() {
+        lock.lock()
+        punktfunk_reanchor_gate_arm(ptr)
+        lock.unlock()
+    }
+
+    /// Fold one decoded frame. `flags` is the AU's wire `user_flags`. Returns true to PRESENT the
+    /// frame, false to WITHHOLD it as a post-loss concealment (hold the last good picture). Pass
+    /// `decoderKeyframe: false` — VideoToolbox doesn't flag IDRs, so the wire `FLAG_SOF` covers it.
+    func onDecoded(flags: UInt32, decoderKeyframe: Bool = false) -> Bool {
+        lock.lock()
+        defer { lock.unlock() }
+        var present = false
+        _ = punktfunk_reanchor_gate_on_decoded(ptr, flags, decoderKeyframe, &present)
+        return present
+    }
+
+    /// A received AU produced no decoded frame (a VideoToolbox decode error). Returns true when the
+    /// no-output streak has tripped (the gate armed the freeze) and the caller should — throttled —
+    /// request a keyframe.
+    func onNoOutput() -> Bool {
+        lock.lock()
+        defer { lock.unlock() }
+        var requestKf = false
+        _ = punktfunk_reanchor_gate_on_no_output(ptr, &requestKf)
+        return requestKf
+    }
+
+    /// Periodic fold of the session's `framesDropped` plus the overdue backstop. Returns true when the
+    /// caller should — throttled — request a keyframe (a drop-count climb armed a fresh freeze, or the
+    /// freeze is overdue and re-asks while it keeps holding).
+    func poll(framesDropped: UInt64) -> Bool {
+        lock.lock()
+        defer { lock.unlock() }
+        var requestKf = false
+        _ = punktfunk_reanchor_gate_poll(ptr, framesDropped, &requestKf)
+        return requestKf
+    }
+
+    /// Whether the gate is currently withholding concealed frames (frozen on the last good picture).
+    var isHolding: Bool {
+        lock.lock()
+        defer { lock.unlock() }
+        var holding = false
+        _ = punktfunk_reanchor_gate_is_holding(ptr, &holding)
+        return holding
+    }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+// Resize-in-progress indicator state (design/midstream-resolution-resize.md — client UX).
+//
+// A mid-stream resize takes the host 0.3–2 s to rebuild its virtual display + encoder, and the
+// first new-mode frame is an IDR that the decoder re-inits on. Rather than let the stream scale
+// (stretch/blur) to the changing window during that gap, the client EMBRACES the delay: it shows a
+// deliberate blur + spinner the instant a resize starts and clears it the instant the sharp
+// new-resolution frame is on screen — so the wait reads as intentional, not as lag.
+//
+// This is driven ENTIRELY by signals the client already has (no new protocol):
+//   * START — the Match-window follower reports the size it is steering toward (instant, on the
+//     first resize layout, before the debounced request even leaves).
+//   * END — the decode pipeline reports each new-mode IDR's dimensions; when they reach the target
+//     the new picture is here.
+//   * TIMEOUT — the safety net for a switch that never delivers the exact target: the host rejected
+//     it (gamescope), capped it to an advertised mode, or a corrective ack landed a different size.
+//
+// Pure + side-effect-free so the transition logic is unit-tested without a live session or UI
+// (`ResizeIndicatorTests`); `SessionModel` owns an instance and mirrors `active` into a @Published.
+
+import Foundation
+
+/// The pure state of the resize overlay. `now` is a monotonic time in seconds (the caller passes
+/// `ProcessInfo.processInfo.systemUptime` or a test clock).
+public struct ResizeIndicator {
+    /// Whether the blur + spinner should be shown.
+    public private(set) var active = false
+    /// The size the follower is steering toward — cleared once a decoded frame reaches it.
+    private var target: (width: UInt32, height: UInt32)?
+    /// When the current `active` span began — the timeout is measured from here.
+    private var since: TimeInterval?
+    /// How long to keep the overlay up if the target frame never arrives (rejected / capped switch).
+    public var timeout: TimeInterval
+
+    public init(timeout: TimeInterval = 2.5) { self.timeout = timeout }
+
+    /// The follower is steering toward `width`×`height` — a resize is under way. Show the overlay now
+    /// (instant feedback). Called only for a genuine change (the follower skips a target equal to the
+    /// live mode), possibly many times as a drag moves through sizes; the timeout re-arms whenever the
+    /// target actually changes so a slow drag never trips it mid-gesture.
+    public mutating func steering(width: UInt32, height: UInt32, now: TimeInterval) {
+        if !active || target?.width != width || target?.height != height {
+            since = now
+        }
+        target = (width, height)
+        active = true
+    }
+
+    /// A decoded frame arrived at `width`×`height` (a new-mode IDR). Clears the overlay once it
+    /// matches the steered target — the sharp new-resolution picture is on glass.
+    public mutating func decoded(width: UInt32, height: UInt32) {
+        guard active, let t = target, t.width == width, t.height == height else { return }
+        active = false
+        since = nil
+    }
+
+    /// Timeout safety net: stop showing the overlay once `timeout` has elapsed with no matching frame
+    /// (a rejected or host-capped switch never delivers the exact target).
+    public mutating func tick(now: TimeInterval) {
+        guard active, let s = since, now - s >= timeout else { return }
+        active = false
+        since = nil
+    }
+}
@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@
 import AVFoundation
 import Foundation
 import QuartzCore
+#if os(tvOS)
+import UIKit
+#endif

 /// Weak-target wrapper for CADisplayLink. The link retains its target, so targeting a view or
 /// presenter directly makes a `owner → link → owner` cycle that only `invalidate()` breaks — if a
@@ -22,12 +25,60 @@ public final class DisplayLinkProxy: NSObject {
    @objc public func tick(_ link: CADisplayLink) { onTick(link) }
 }

+/// Which presenter a session runs. Stage-2/stage-3 are the same Metal pipeline with arrival vs
+/// glass-gated present pacing (`PresentPacing` — see Stage2Pipeline for the tradeoff, and why
+/// stage-3 exists: stage-2's present-on-arrival saturates the layer's FIFO image queue on panels
+/// running near the stream rate). Stage-1 (compressed video straight to the system layer) is a
+/// DEBUG-only diagnostic. Internal (not private) for unit tests.
+enum PresenterChoice: Equatable {
+    case stage1
+    case stage2
+    case stage3
+
+    /// Resolve from the `PUNKTFUNK_PRESENTER` env override (A/B without touching settings) first,
+    /// then the persisted `DefaultsKey.presenter` setting; anything unknown (or an empty env var)
+    /// falls back to the platform default. `allowStage1` is false in release builds, where a
+    /// leftover DEBUG "stage1" value silently maps to the default rather than reviving the
+    /// freeze-prone fallback.
+    static func resolve(setting: String?, env: String?, allowStage1: Bool) -> PresenterChoice {
+        let raw = env.flatMap { $0.isEmpty ? nil : $0 } ?? setting
+        switch raw {
+        case "stage1": return allowStage1 ? .stage1 : platformDefault
+        case "stage2": return .stage2
+        case "stage3": return .stage3
+        default: return platformDefault
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// tvOS defaults to GLASS pacing: an Apple TV is the sticky-FIFO worst case by construction —
+    /// a fixed 60 Hz panel fed a 60 fps stream, where arrival pacing pins the layer's image queue
+    /// at ~3 drawables and every frame rides ~50 ms of queue (the measured display stage there).
+    /// The Settings picker can still force stage-2 for an A/B. Everything else keeps stage-2 (the
+    /// proven default; ProMotion/desktop panels out-tick the stream often enough to drain).
+    static var platformDefault: PresenterChoice {
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        .stage3
+        #else
+        .stage2
+        #endif
+    }
+}
+
 final class SessionPresenter {
    private var pump: StreamPump?
    private var stage2: Stage2Pipeline?
    private var stage2Link: CADisplayLink?
    private var metalLayer: CAMetalLayer?
    private var connection: PunktfunkConnection?
+    /// The decoded frame's REAL pixel dimensions (ground truth, pushed by the view from the pump's
+    /// `onDecodedSize` new-mode-IDR callback). Used for the aspect-fit in `layout` in preference to
+    /// `connection.currentMode()`, which (a) lags a mid-stream resize — it only updates on the
+    /// `Reconfigured` ack, and a resize-END produces no bounds change to re-run `layout` afterward —
+    /// and (b) can disagree with what the host actually DELIVERED (Windows corrective-ack falls back
+    /// to an advertised mode). The pixels we're drawing are the only correct aspect source; a wrong
+    /// one here is the "black bars + stretched" resize artifact. nil until the first frame → `layout`
+    /// falls back to `currentMode()`. Main-thread only.
+    private var contentSize: CGSize?

    /// Start the presenter for `connection`. `baseLayer` is the view's AVSampleBufferDisplayLayer:
    /// stage-1 enqueues into it; stage-2 leaves it idle and composites an opaque CAMetalLayer
@@ -43,25 +94,32 @@ final class SessionPresenter {
        displayMeter: LatencyMeter? = nil,
        makeDisplayLink: (AnyObject, Selector) -> CADisplayLink,
        onFrame: (@Sendable (AccessUnit) -> Void)?,
-        onSessionEnd: (@Sendable () -> Void)?
+        onSessionEnd: (@Sendable () -> Void)?,
+        onDecodedSize: (@Sendable (Int, Int) -> Void)? = nil
    ) {
        stop()
        self.connection = connection

        // Presenter choice — stage-2 is the DEFAULT (explicit VTDecompressionSession decode + a
        // CAMetalLayer/display-link present): it can detect + recover a wedged decoder where
-        // stage-1's AVSampleBufferDisplayLayer freezes hard on a lost HEVC reference. Stage-1 is
-        // reachable only via the DEBUG presenter toggle; release always takes stage-2 (the stage-1
-        // pump below stays the automatic fallback if Metal is missing).
+        // stage-1's AVSampleBufferDisplayLayer freezes hard on a lost HEVC reference. Stage-3 is
+        // the same pipeline with glass-gated present pacing (the settings picker's live A/B — see
+        // PresentPacing). Stage-1 is reachable only via the DEBUG presenter value; release maps it
+        // back to stage-2 (the stage-1 pump below stays the automatic fallback if Metal is missing).
        #if DEBUG
-        let forceStage1 = UserDefaults.standard.string(forKey: DefaultsKey.presenter) == "stage1"
+        let allowStage1 = true
        #else
-        let forceStage1 = false
+        let allowStage1 = false
        #endif
-        if !forceStage1,
+        let choice = PresenterChoice.resolve(
+            setting: UserDefaults.standard.string(forKey: DefaultsKey.presenter),
+            env: ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment["PUNKTFUNK_PRESENTER"],
+            allowStage1: allowStage1)
+        if choice != .stage1,
           let pipeline = Stage2Pipeline(
               endToEndMeter: endToEndMeter, decodeMeter: decodeMeter,
-               displayMeter: displayMeter) {
+               displayMeter: displayMeter,
+               pacing: choice == .stage3 ? .glass : .arrival) {
            let metal = pipeline.layer
            // The opaque metal layer composites OVER the AVSampleBufferDisplayLayer base, which
            // sits idle (un-enqueued) in stage-2. contentsScale + frame are set in layout().
@@ -80,12 +138,14 @@ final class SessionPresenter {
            link.add(to: .main, forMode: .common)
            stage2Link = link
            syncFrameRate(hz: connection.currentMode().refreshHz)
-            pipeline.start(connection: connection, onFrame: onFrame, onSessionEnd: onSessionEnd)
+            pipeline.start(
+                connection: connection, onFrame: onFrame, onSessionEnd: onSessionEnd,
+                onDecodedSize: onDecodedSize)
        } else {
            let pump = StreamPump()
            pump.start(
                connection: connection, layer: baseLayer,
-                onFrame: onFrame, onSessionEnd: onSessionEnd)
+                onFrame: onFrame, onSessionEnd: onSessionEnd, onDecodedSize: onDecodedSize)
            self.pump = pump
        }
    }
@@ -133,28 +193,68 @@ final class SessionPresenter {
        guard let metalLayer, let connection else { return }
        let mode = connection.currentMode()
        syncFrameRate(hz: mode.refreshHz) // track a mid-session Reconfigure's new refresh
-        let fit: CGRect = (mode.width > 0 && mode.height > 0)
-            ? AVMakeRect(
-                aspectRatio: CGSize(width: Int(mode.width), height: Int(mode.height)),
-                insideRect: bounds)
-            : bounds
+        // Aspect source: the ACTUAL decoded dims when known (survives a lagging `currentMode()` and a
+        // host that delivered a different size than requested), else the negotiated mode. The shader
+        // stretches the frame across the WHOLE drawable, so this rect's aspect is the only thing that
+        // keeps the picture undistorted — a stale aspect here is the post-resize black-bars+stretch.
+        let aspect: CGSize? = {
+            if let c = contentSize, c.width > 0, c.height > 0 { return c }
+            if mode.width > 0, mode.height > 0 {
+                return CGSize(width: Int(mode.width), height: Int(mode.height))
+            }
+            return nil
+        }()
+        let fit: CGRect = aspect.map { AVMakeRect(aspectRatio: $0, insideRect: bounds) } ?? bounds
+        // Snap the sublayer frame to the BACKING PIXEL GRID. AVMakeRect centers the aspect-fit rect,
+        // so its origin/size are usually fractional points; a metal sublayer whose frame doesn't land
+        // on whole device pixels is RESAMPLED by the macOS/UIKit compositor during composite — a
+        // uniform "everything looks soft" blur — even when the drawable itself is pixel-exact 1:1
+        // (verified via the stage2 "[1:1 (no resample)]" log while the picture was still soft). Round
+        // origin AND size to device pixels so the composite is a true 1:1 blit. Idempotent when the
+        // frame is already aligned (e.g. fullscreen fit == integer bounds), so it's a no-op there.
+        let scale = contentsScale > 0 ? contentsScale : 1
+        let snapped = CGRect(
+            x: (fit.origin.x * scale).rounded() / scale,
+            y: (fit.origin.y * scale).rounded() / scale,
+            width: (fit.width * scale).rounded() / scale,
+            height: (fit.height * scale).rounded() / scale)
        // No implicit resize animation; contentsScale tracks the view's backing/display scale.
        CATransaction.begin()
        CATransaction.setDisableActions(true)
        metalLayer.contentsScale = contentsScale
-        metalLayer.frame = fit
+        metalLayer.frame = snapped
        CATransaction.commit()
        // Hand the resulting pixel size to the render thread (it must not read layer geometry
-        // cross-thread) — this is what the presenter sizes its drawable to.
+        // cross-thread) — this is what the presenter sizes its drawable to. Uses the SNAPPED size so
+        // the drawable's texel count equals the on-screen device-pixel count exactly (1 texel ↔ 1
+        // device pixel); with the frame snapped, this equals the pre-snap rounded value, so the
+        // decoded↔drawable 1:1 the log confirmed is preserved.
        stage2?.setDrawableTarget(CGSize(
-            width: (fit.width * contentsScale).rounded(),
-            height: (fit.height * contentsScale).rounded()))
+            width: (snapped.width * scale).rounded(),
+            height: (snapped.height * scale).rounded()))
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        // Push the display's live EDR headroom alongside: > 1 means the TV is composited in an
+        // HDR mode (the session's AVDisplayManager request landed — see StreamViewIOS), and HDR
+        // frames flip to PQ passthrough. The stream view also re-layouts on mode-switch/screen-
+        // mode notifications, so a mid-session switch reaches here without a bounds change.
+        stage2?.setDisplayHeadroom(UIScreen.main.currentEDRHeadroom)
+        #endif
+    }
+
+    /// Record the decoded frame's real dimensions (the view hops the pump's `onDecodedSize` to main
+    /// and calls this) so `layout` aspect-fits to what's actually on screen instead of the possibly-
+    /// stale `currentMode()`. Only stores — the caller re-runs `layout` right after, because a
+    /// resize-END produces no bounds change to trigger one. No-op on a zero/unchanged size.
+    func setContentSize(_ size: CGSize) {
+        guard size.width > 0, size.height > 0, size != contentSize else { return }
+        contentSize = size
    }

    /// Stop the active pump/pipeline (≤ one poll timeout; stage-2 joins its pump) and detach the
    /// stage-2 layer + link. Does not close the connection — that stays with whoever owns it.
    /// Idempotent.
    func stop() {
+        contentSize = nil // a new session re-derives it from its first frame
        pump?.stop()
        pump = nil
        stage2Link?.invalidate()
@@ -18,6 +18,10 @@
 //     – V-Sync ON: present(at: next vsync) predicted from the link's last phase/period, at most one
 //       period ahead by construction, falling back to immediate when the link data is stale — a
 //       schedule can never sit far in the future holding drawables hostage.
+// • Present PACING is the stage-2 vs stage-3 presenter split (`PresentPacing`, chosen per session
+//   by SessionPresenter from the presenter setting / PUNKTFUNK_PRESENTER): stage-2 presents on
+//   frame arrival; stage-3 additionally gates presents to ONE undisplayed drawable so the layer's
+//   FIFO image queue can never saturate — see PresentPacing's doc for the full rationale.
 // • Rendering lives on its own thread so any `nextDrawable()` wait lands off-main (input, SwiftUI).
 //
 // The render thread also stamps the unified latency stages (end-to-end capture→on-glass + decode and
@@ -98,6 +102,79 @@ private final class VsyncClock: @unchecked Sendable {
    }
 }

+/// When a ready frame is pushed to the layer — the stage-2 vs stage-3 presenter split. Same decode
+/// half, same newest-wins ring; only the present cadence differs.
+///
+/// - `arrival` (stage-2, the default): present the moment a frame is decoded. Lowest latency while
+///   the layer's image queue is shallow — but that queue is FIFO and consumed at one drawable per
+///   refresh (iOS always vsync-latches; the macOS 26 compositor latch-paces our out-of-band
+///   presents the same way when composited), so at stream rate ≈ refresh rate its depth is STICKY:
+///   one early burst (session start, a Wi-Fi clump) fills it to `maximumDrawableCount` and — with
+///   arrivals and latches then running at the same rate — it never drains. Every later frame rides
+///   ~2–3 refreshes of queue (the measured 29–30 ms display stage on 120 Hz ProMotion panels), and
+///   the full-queue regime is where host↔panel clock drift turns into periodic repeats/drops (the
+///   "fixed-interval" jitter reports).
+/// - `glass` (stage-3, experimental): at most ONE presented-but-undisplayed drawable in flight
+///   (`PresentGate`). The render thread presents only when the previous flip reached glass (the
+///   drawable's presented handler reopens the gate and re-signals); frames decoded meanwhile
+///   coalesce in the newest-wins ring. Freshness is preserved by DROPPING stale frames before
+///   present instead of queueing them behind the display — the hidden queue latency becomes
+///   explicit, correct frame drops.
+public enum PresentPacing: Sendable {
+    case arrival
+    case glass
+}
+
+/// Stage-3's present gate: admits one in-flight (presented, not yet on glass) drawable. The render
+/// thread `tryAcquire`s before taking a frame; the drawable's presented handler `release`s and
+/// re-signals the render thread. `staleAfter` is insurance against a present whose handler never
+/// fires (the macOS "out-of-band presents aren't damage" hazard class — see MetalVideoPresenter's
+/// init post-mortem): rather than freezing the stream, a stuck gate force-opens after 100 ms, a
+/// visible ~10 fps degradation that PUNKTFUNK_PRESENT_DEBUG's `forced` counter exposes (it reads 0
+/// on healthy systems). Internal (not private) for unit tests. Sendable; lock-guarded — the
+/// releaser runs on a Metal callback thread.
+final class PresentGate: @unchecked Sendable {
+    /// How long one pending present may hold the gate before it's presumed lost.
+    static let staleAfter: CFTimeInterval = 0.1
+
+    private let lock = NSLock()
+    private var pending = false
+    private var armedAt: CFTimeInterval = 0
+    private var forced = 0
+
+    /// Arm the gate for one present. False = a present is already in flight (and not stale) —
+    /// leave the frame in the ring; the presented handler's release/re-signal (or the next
+    /// display-link tick) retries with the freshest frame then.
+    func tryAcquire(now: CFTimeInterval) -> Bool {
+        lock.lock()
+        defer { lock.unlock() }
+        if pending {
+            guard now - armedAt > Self.staleAfter else { return false }
+            forced += 1 // presumed-lost present — reopen rather than stall the stream
+        }
+        pending = true
+        armedAt = now
+        return true
+    }
+
+    /// The in-flight present reached glass (or was dropped, or its render failed before a present
+    /// was registered) — reopen. Idempotent: a late stale-path double-release is harmless.
+    func release() {
+        lock.lock()
+        pending = false
+        lock.unlock()
+    }
+
+    /// Take-and-reset the force-open count (PUNKTFUNK_PRESENT_DEBUG's `forced` stat).
+    func drainForced() -> Int {
+        lock.lock()
+        defer { lock.unlock() }
+        let n = forced
+        forced = 0
+        return n
+    }
+}
+
 /// PUNKTFUNK_PRESENT_DEBUG=1 aggregation: one printed line per second from the render thread with
 /// the decode rate, render outcomes, the slowest render call (≈ nextDrawable wait) and the deltas
 /// between system-reported on-glass times (vsync-aligned presents show clean refresh-period
@@ -105,22 +182,39 @@ private final class VsyncClock: @unchecked Sendable {
 private final class PresentDebugStats: @unchecked Sendable {
    private let lock = NSLock()
    private var last = CACurrentMediaTime()
-    private var ok = 0, failed = 0, empty = 0, dropped = 0
+    private var ok = 0, failed = 0, empty = 0, dropped = 0, gated = 0
    private var maxRenderMs = 0.0
    private var lastGlassNs: Int64 = 0
    private var glassDeltasMs: [Double] = []
+    /// Presented-but-not-yet-on-glass drawables right now / the window's peak — the direct
+    /// measurement of the layer image-queue depth the stage-3 gate exists to bound (stage-2 on a
+    /// 120 Hz panel saturates this at ~maximumDrawableCount; stage-3 should peg it at 1).
+    private var inFlight = 0
+    private var maxInFlight = 0

    func emptyWake() { lock.lock(); empty += 1; lock.unlock() }

+    /// A wake that found the stage-3 gate closed (a present still in flight) — the frame stays in
+    /// the ring for the handler's re-signal. Includes display-link ticks while gated; a high count
+    /// is normal, it just shows the gate working.
+    func gatedWake() { lock.lock(); gated += 1; lock.unlock() }
+
    func renderReturned(ok rendered: Bool, tookMs: Double) {
        lock.lock()
-        if rendered { ok += 1 } else { failed += 1 }
+        if rendered {
+            ok += 1
+            inFlight += 1
+            maxInFlight = max(maxInFlight, inFlight)
+        } else {
+            failed += 1
+        }
        maxRenderMs = max(maxRenderMs, tookMs)
        lock.unlock()
    }

    func presented(atNs: Int64?) {
        lock.lock()
+        inFlight = max(0, inFlight - 1) // clamp: the handler can beat renderReturned's increment
        if let atNs {
            if lastGlassNs > 0 { glassDeltasMs.append(Double(atNs - lastGlassNs) / 1e6) }
            lastGlassNs = atNs
@@ -130,7 +224,7 @@ private final class PresentDebugStats: @unchecked Sendable {
        lock.unlock()
    }

-    func flushIfDue(ring: ReadyRing) {
+    func flushIfDue(ring: ReadyRing, gate: PresentGate?) {
        lock.lock()
        let now = CACurrentMediaTime()
        guard now - last >= 1 else { lock.unlock(); return }
@@ -139,12 +233,15 @@ private final class PresentDebugStats: @unchecked Sendable {
        let deltas = glassDeltasMs.sorted()
        let p50 = deltas.isEmpty ? 0 : deltas[deltas.count / 2]
        let dMax = deltas.last ?? 0
+        let inflightMax = maxInFlight
        let line = String(
-            format: "pf-present decoded=%d ok=%d fail=%d empty=%d dropped=%d "
-                + "maxRenderMs=%.1f glassDeltaMs p50=%.2f max=%.2f n=%d",
-            decoded, ok, failed, empty, dropped, maxRenderMs, p50, dMax, deltas.count)
-        ok = 0; failed = 0; empty = 0; dropped = 0
+            format: "pf-present decoded=%d ok=%d fail=%d empty=%d gated=%d dropped=%d "
+                + "maxRenderMs=%.1f inflightMax=%d forced=%d glassDeltaMs p50=%.2f max=%.2f n=%d",
+            decoded, ok, failed, empty, gated, dropped, maxRenderMs, inflightMax,
+            gate?.drainForced() ?? 0, p50, dMax, deltas.count)
+        ok = 0; failed = 0; empty = 0; dropped = 0; gated = 0
        maxRenderMs = 0
+        maxInFlight = inFlight // the window peak restarts from the live depth
        glassDeltasMs.removeAll(keepingCapacity: true)
        lock.unlock()
        print(line)
@@ -156,9 +253,16 @@ public final class Stage2Pipeline {
    private let ring = ReadyRing()
    private let presenter: MetalVideoPresenter
    private let decoder: VideoDecoder
+    /// Present cadence — `.arrival` (stage-2) or `.glass` (stage-3, the present gate). Fixed for
+    /// the pipeline's lifetime; SessionPresenter resolves it per session (see PresentPacing).
+    private let pacing: PresentPacing
    private let endToEndMeter: LatencyMeter?
    private let displayMeter: LatencyMeter?
    private let recovery = KeyframeRecovery()
+    /// Post-loss freeze-until-reanchor gate (shared core policy via the C ABI). Created here seeded 0;
+    /// `start` reseeds it to the live connection's drop count. Captured by the decoder callbacks
+    /// (which withhold concealed frames) and driven by the pump (arm on a gap, poll per iteration).
+    private let gate = ReanchorGate(framesDropped: 0)
    private var token = StopFlag()
    private var offsetNs: Int64 = 0
    /// Signalled when the pump thread exits, so `stop()` can join it (bounded) before `decoder.reset()`
@@ -190,34 +294,45 @@ public final class Stage2Pipeline {
    /// (received→decoded); `displayMeter` the display stage (decoded→on-glass, the ring wait +
    /// render + vsync — the tail stage-2 exists to shorten). All optional: metering never gates
    /// the presenter choice. Returns nil if Metal can't be set up (headless / no GPU) — caller
-    /// falls back to the stage-1 presenter.
+    /// falls back to the stage-1 presenter. `pacing` selects the stage-2 (arrival) vs stage-3
+    /// (glass-gated) present cadence — see PresentPacing.
    public init?(
        endToEndMeter: LatencyMeter?,
        decodeMeter: LatencyMeter? = nil,
-        displayMeter: LatencyMeter? = nil
+        displayMeter: LatencyMeter? = nil,
+        pacing: PresentPacing = .arrival
    ) {
        guard let presenter = MetalVideoPresenter.make() else { return nil }
        self.presenter = presenter
+        self.pacing = pacing
        self.endToEndMeter = endToEndMeter
        self.displayMeter = displayMeter
        let ring = ring
        let recovery = recovery
        let renderSignal = renderSignal
+        let gate = gate
        self.decoder = VideoDecoder(
            onDecoded: { frame in
                // Decode stage = received→decoded, both client CLOCK_REALTIME (offset 0 — no
                // skew applies). Stamped at decode completion, so it covers every decoded frame,
-                // including ones the newest-wins ring drops before present.
+                // including ones the re-anchor gate withholds or the newest-wins ring drops.
                decodeMeter?.record(
                    ptsNs: UInt64(frame.receivedNs), atNs: frame.decodedNs, offsetNs: 0)
+                // Freeze-until-reanchor: WITHHOLD a decoder-concealed post-loss frame (the gray/
+                // garbage VideoToolbox returns Ok for a reference-missing delta) — don't submit it,
+                // so the CAMetalLayer keeps its last good drawable on glass. The gate lifts (returns
+                // present) on a proven clean re-anchor (IDR / RFI anchor / 2nd recovery mark) or the
+                // bounded backstop. decoderKeyframe=false: VT doesn't flag IDRs, the wire FLAG_SOF does.
+                guard gate.onDecoded(flags: frame.flags) else { return }
                ring.submit(frame)
                // FRAME ARRIVAL is the render trigger (never the display link — see the header).
                renderSignal.signal()
            },
-            // Async decode failure (a bad P-frame referencing a lost/corrupt IDR): the pump resets to
-            // re-gate on the next IDR, and we ask the host to send one now (infinite GOP — it wouldn't
+            // Async decode failure (a bad P-frame referencing a lost/corrupt IDR): fold it into the
+            // gate's no-output streak (which arms the freeze after a short run, matching the desktop),
+            // and when that trips ask the host for a fresh IDR now (infinite GOP — it wouldn't
            // otherwise come soon). Throttled in KeyframeRecovery.
-            onDecodeError: { _ in recovery.request() })
+            onDecodeError: { _ in if gate.onNoOutput() { recovery.request() } })
    }

    /// Start pulling AUs into the decoder. MAIN THREAD. `onFrame` fires per AU at receipt (the
@@ -226,10 +341,12 @@ public final class Stage2Pipeline {
    public func start(
        connection: PunktfunkConnection,
        onFrame: (@Sendable (AccessUnit) -> Void)?,
-        onSessionEnd: (@Sendable () -> Void)?
+        onSessionEnd: (@Sendable () -> Void)?,
+        onDecodedSize: (@Sendable (Int, Int) -> Void)? = nil
    ) {
        offsetNs = connection.clockOffsetNs
        recovery.bind(connection) // arm host-keyframe recovery for this session
+        gate.reseed(framesDropped: connection.framesDropped()) // baseline the freeze to this session
        token = StopFlag() // fresh token per start — a stop is permanent (like StreamPump)

        // Configure the decoder's chroma + the layer's initial colorimetry before the first frame. The
@@ -244,9 +361,13 @@ public final class Stage2Pipeline {
        let recovery = recovery
        let presenter = presenter
        let pumpStopped = pumpStopped
+        let reanchorGate = gate
        let thread = Thread {
            defer { pumpStopped.signal() } // let stop() join the pump (bounded) before decoder.reset()
            var format: CMVideoFormatDescription?
+            // Report coded dims to the resize overlay only on a CHANGE (new-mode IDR), not per
+            // loss-recovery IDR at the same size (see StreamPump).
+            var lastDecodedDims: CMVideoDimensions?
            var lastFramesDropped = connection.framesDropped()
            // Persistent recovery WANT, not a one-shot edge (see StreamPump for the full rationale):
            // keep asking until an IDR lands so a request swallowed by the throttle is re-sent.
@@ -255,7 +376,12 @@ public final class Stage2Pipeline {
            // decode 4:4:4 at the negotiated resolution (the HW probe clears the common case but not a
            // resolution-ceiling miss). End cleanly instead of looping on a black screen.
            var decodeFailRun = 0
-            while !token.isStopped {
+            // Every iteration drains its own autorelease pool: this thread has no runloop, so
+            // autoreleased VT/CM temporaries would otherwise accumulate until session end.
+            // `false` = session over — exit the loop (the closure can't `break` across itself).
+            var alive = true
+            while alive, !token.isStopped {
+                alive = autoreleasepool { () -> Bool in
                do {
                    // Loss recovery (the primary path). The reassembler drops unrecoverable AUs and the
                    // decoder conceals the reference-missing deltas — often WITHOUT an error callback —
@@ -267,6 +393,9 @@ public final class Stage2Pipeline {
                        awaitingIDR = true
                    }
                    if awaitingIDR { recovery.request() }
+                    // Freeze backstop: a drop-count climb arms the gate (in case the frame-index gap
+                    // below was itself lost), and an overdue freeze re-asks for the re-anchor.
+                    if reanchorGate.poll(framesDropped: dropped) { recovery.request() }
                    // Drain HDR mastering metadata (0xCE) and hand it to the PRESENTER (→ CAEDRMetadata).
                    // Polled UNCONDITIONALLY (not gated on connection.isHDR, the fixed Welcome flag): the
                    // host sends 0xCE only for HDR, INCLUDING a mid-session SDR→HDR transition (a game
@@ -275,13 +404,25 @@ public final class Stage2Pipeline {
                    if let meta = try? connection.nextHdrMeta(timeoutMs: 0) {
                        presenter.setHdrMeta(meta)
                    }
-                    guard let au = try connection.nextAU(timeoutMs: 100) else { continue }
+                    guard let au = try connection.nextAU(timeoutMs: 100) else { return true }
+                    // Loss recovery (RFI): a forward frame-index gap fires a throttled reference-
+                    // frame-invalidation request so an RFI-capable host (AMD LTR / NVENC) recovers
+                    // with a cheap clean P-frame instead of a full IDR. The framesDropped-driven
+                    // recovery above stays the backstop for when the recovery frame itself is lost.
+                    // The same gap is the earliest, most precise signal to ARM the display freeze —
+                    // the following concealed frames are withheld until a clean re-anchor.
+                    if connection.noteFrameIndexGap(au.frameIndex) { reanchorGate.arm() }
                    onFrame?(au)
                    if let f = connection.videoCodec.formatDescription(fromKeyframe: au.data) {
                        format = f          // refreshed on every IDR (mode changes included)
+                        let dims = CMVideoFormatDescriptionGetDimensions(f)
+                        if lastDecodedDims?.width != dims.width || lastDecodedDims?.height != dims.height {
+                            lastDecodedDims = dims
+                            onDecodedSize?(Int(dims.width), Int(dims.height))
+                        }
                        awaitingIDR = false // a fresh IDR re-anchored decode — recovery complete
                    }
-                    guard let f = format, !token.isStopped else { continue }
+                    guard let f = format, !token.isStopped else { return true }
                    if decoder.decode(au: au, format: f) {
                        decodeFailRun = 0
                    } else {
@@ -294,12 +435,14 @@ public final class Stage2Pipeline {
                        // recovers within a GOP) ⇒ 4:4:4 isn't decodable here; end the session.
                        if connection.isChroma444, decodeFailRun >= 180 {
                            if !token.isStopped { onSessionEnd?() }
-                            break
+                            return false
                        }
                    }
+                    return true
                } catch {
                    if !token.isStopped { onSessionEnd?() }
-                    break // session closed
+                    return false // session closed
+                }
                }
            }
        }
@@ -327,17 +470,34 @@ public final class Stage2Pipeline {
                && UserDefaults.standard.bool(forKey: DefaultsKey.vsync))
        let debugStats = presentDebug ? PresentDebugStats() : nil
        let vsyncClock = vsyncClock
+        // Stage-3's one-in-flight present gate; nil = stage-2's present-on-arrival. A local (like
+        // the ring) so neither the render thread nor the presented handlers capture `self`.
+        let gate: PresentGate? = pacing == .glass ? PresentGate() : nil
        let renderThread = Thread {
            defer { renderStopped.signal() }
-            while !token.isStopped {
+            // Every iteration drains its own autorelease pool (`return` = the old `continue`):
+            // this thread has no runloop, and `nextDrawable()` AUTORELEASES each CAMetalDrawable —
+            // without a per-iteration pool every presented frame's drawable object (plus its
+            // texture-descriptor/array retinue, ~2 MB/min at 120 fps) piles up until session end.
+            while !token.isStopped { autoreleasepool {
                if renderSignal.wait(timeout: .now() + .milliseconds(100)) == .timedOut {
-                    debugStats?.flushIfDue(ring: ring)
-                    continue
+                    debugStats?.flushIfDue(ring: ring, gate: gate)
+                    return
+                }
+                // Stage-3: while a present is in flight, don't take from the ring at all — frames
+                // keep coalescing there (newest wins, the intended drop point) and the presented
+                // handler re-signals the moment the slot frees. Checked BEFORE the take so a gated
+                // frame is never bounced through putBack.
+                if let gate, !gate.tryAcquire(now: CACurrentMediaTime()) {
+                    debugStats?.gatedWake()
+                    debugStats?.flushIfDue(ring: ring, gate: gate)
+                    return
                }
                guard !token.isStopped, let frame = ring.take() else {
+                    gate?.release() // armed but nothing to render — don't hold the gate stale
                    debugStats?.emptyWake()
-                    debugStats?.flushIfDue(ring: ring)
-                    continue
+                    debugStats?.flushIfDue(ring: ring, gate: gate)
+                    return
                }
                // V-Sync ON: flip on the next predicted vsync (< one period out, stale link ⇒
                // immediate — see VsyncClock). OFF: flip as soon as the GPU finishes.
@@ -347,6 +507,12 @@ public final class Stage2Pipeline {
                let rendered = presenter.render(
                    frame.pixelBuffer, isHDR: frame.isHDR, presentAtMediaTime: presentAt
                ) { presentedNs in
+                    // Stage-3: the flip reached glass (or was dropped) — free the present slot,
+                    // then re-signal so the freshest waiting ring frame goes out immediately.
+                    if let gate {
+                        gate.release()
+                        renderSignal.signal()
+                    }
                    // Fallback stamp for a dropped drawable (no system presentedTime): "now" on
                    // the Metal callback, converted to the CLOCK_REALTIME the meters live in.
                    let atNs = presentedNs
@@ -361,9 +527,12 @@ public final class Stage2Pipeline {
                }
                debugStats?.renderReturned(
                    ok: rendered, tookMs: (CACurrentMediaTime() - renderStarted) * 1000)
-                if !rendered { ring.putBack(frame) }
-                debugStats?.flushIfDue(ring: ring)
-            }
+                if !rendered {
+                    gate?.release() // no present registered — its handler will never fire
+                    ring.putBack(frame)
+                }
+                debugStats?.flushIfDue(ring: ring, gate: gate)
+            } }
        }
        renderThread.name = "punktfunk-stage2-render"
        renderThread.qualityOfService = .userInteractive
@@ -387,6 +556,13 @@ public final class Stage2Pipeline {
        presenter.setDrawableTarget(size)
    }

+    /// Forward the display's current EDR headroom to the presenter (MAIN thread — a `UIScreen`
+    /// read). tvOS flips HDR presentation between PQ passthrough and the in-shader tone-map on
+    /// it; see `MetalVideoPresenter.setDisplayHeadroom`.
+    public func setDisplayHeadroom(_ headroom: CGFloat) {
+        presenter.setDisplayHeadroom(headroom)
+    }
+
    /// Stop the pump + render thread (≤ one poll timeout each) and drop the decode session. MAIN
    /// THREAD; idempotent. Does not close the connection. A restart needs a fresh Stage2Pipeline
    /// (the stop is permanent).
@@ -21,12 +21,18 @@ final class StreamPump {
        connection: PunktfunkConnection,
        layer: AVSampleBufferDisplayLayer,
        onFrame: (@Sendable (AccessUnit) -> Void)?,
-        onSessionEnd: (@Sendable () -> Void)?
+        onSessionEnd: (@Sendable () -> Void)?,
+        onDecodedSize: (@Sendable (Int, Int) -> Void)? = nil
    ) {
        let token = token
        // Coalesced host keyframe requests (100 ms throttle — see KeyframeRecovery).
        let recovery = KeyframeRecovery()
        recovery.bind(connection)
+        // Post-loss freeze-until-reanchor (shared core policy via the C ABI). Stage-1 has no per-frame
+        // decode callback, so the gate is folded at ENQUEUE (from the AU's wire flags): a withheld
+        // frame is still enqueued but flagged DoNotDisplay so the layer's decoder keeps the reference
+        // chain fed while the last GOOD picture stays on glass — until a clean re-anchor lifts it.
+        let gate = ReanchorGate(framesDropped: connection.framesDropped())
        // The layer is non-Sendable but its enqueue/flush are documented thread-safe, and after
        // this point only the pump thread drives it — assert that so the @Sendable Thread closure
        // may capture it.
@@ -35,6 +41,9 @@ final class StreamPump {

        let thread = Thread {
            var format: CMVideoFormatDescription?
+            // Report the coded dims to the resize overlay only when they CHANGE (a new-mode IDR),
+            // not on every loss-recovery IDR at the same size — so it fires once per real switch.
+            var lastDecodedDims: CMVideoDimensions?
            var lastFramesDropped = connection.framesDropped()
            // Recovery is a persistent WANT, not a one-shot edge: set it on detected loss (or a
            // decoder reset), retry the throttled request EVERY iteration, and clear it only when a
@@ -47,7 +56,12 @@ final class StreamPump {
            var awaitingIDR = false
            var awaitingSince = Date.distantPast // when the current recovery began (for the resume log)
            var wasFailed = false
-            while !token.isStopped {
+            // Every iteration drains its own autorelease pool: this thread has no runloop, so
+            // autoreleased CM/layer temporaries would otherwise accumulate until session end.
+            // `false` = session over — exit the loop (the closure can't `break` across itself).
+            var alive = true
+            while alive, !token.isStopped {
+                alive = autoreleasepool { () -> Bool in
                do {
                    // Loss recovery (the primary path). Under the host's infinite GOP the only
                    // recovery keyframe is one we request. The reassembler drops unrecoverable AUs
@@ -68,12 +82,26 @@ final class StreamPump {
                        awaitingIDR = true
                    }
                    if awaitingIDR { recovery.request() }
+                    // Freeze backstop: a drop-count climb arms the gate (should the frame-index gap
+                    // below be lost too), and an overdue freeze re-asks for the re-anchor.
+                    if gate.poll(framesDropped: dropped) { recovery.request() }

-                    guard let au = try connection.nextAU(timeoutMs: 100) else { continue }
+                    guard let au = try connection.nextAU(timeoutMs: 100) else { return true }
+                    // Loss recovery (RFI): a forward frame-index gap fires a throttled reference-
+                    // frame-invalidation request so an RFI-capable host (AMD LTR / NVENC) recovers
+                    // with a cheap clean P-frame instead of a full IDR. The framesDropped-driven
+                    // recovery above stays the backstop for when the recovery frame itself is lost.
+                    // The same gap is the earliest, most precise signal to ARM the display freeze.
+                    if connection.noteFrameIndexGap(au.frameIndex) { gate.arm() }
                    onFrame?(au)
                    let idrFormat = connection.videoCodec.formatDescription(fromKeyframe: au.data)
                    if let f = idrFormat {
                        format = f          // refreshed on every IDR (mode changes included)
+                        let dims = CMVideoFormatDescriptionGetDimensions(f)
+                        if lastDecodedDims?.width != dims.width || lastDecodedDims?.height != dims.height {
+                            lastDecodedDims = dims
+                            onDecodedSize?(Int(dims.width), Int(dims.height))
+                        }
                        if awaitingIDR {
                            let ms = Int(Date().timeIntervalSince(awaitingSince) * 1000)
                            pumpLog.notice("video: recovery IDR received — resumed after \(ms, privacy: .public) ms")
@@ -88,6 +116,7 @@ final class StreamPump {
                        // delta into a failed layer can't recover it.
                        if !wasFailed { pumpLog.warning("video: display layer .failed — flushing + re-anchoring") }
                        layer.flush()
+                        gate.arm() // a wedged decoder is a loss — freeze until the re-anchor
                        if idrFormat == nil {
                            format = nil
                            awaitingIDR = true
@@ -97,13 +126,22 @@ final class StreamPump {
                    guard let f = format,
                          let sample = connection.videoCodec.sampleBuffer(au: au, format: f),
                          !token.isStopped // don't enqueue a stale frame after a restart
-                    else { continue }
+                    else { return true }
+                    // Freeze-until-reanchor: while holding, WITHHOLD this concealed post-loss frame by
+                    // flagging it DoNotDisplay — the layer still decodes it (keeping the reference
+                    // chain fed) but shows the last GOOD picture until a clean re-anchor lifts the
+                    // gate. Folded from the AU's wire flags (stage-1 has no decode callback).
+                    if !gate.onDecoded(flags: au.flags) {
+                        StreamPump.setDoNotDisplay(sample)
+                    }
                    layer.enqueue(sample)
+                    return true
                } catch {
                    if !token.isStopped {
                        onSessionEnd?()
                    }
-                    break // session closed
+                    return false // session closed
+                }
                }
            }
        }
@@ -112,6 +150,21 @@ final class StreamPump {
        thread.start()
    }

+    /// Flag a sample decode-but-don't-display (`kCMSampleAttachmentKey_DoNotDisplay`). Used to
+    /// withhold decoder-concealed post-loss frames while the re-anchor gate holds: the layer keeps
+    /// its reference chain fed without flipping the frozen picture. No-op if the attachments array
+    /// can't be materialized (then the frame just displays — the freeze degrades to the old behavior).
+    private static func setDoNotDisplay(_ sample: CMSampleBuffer) {
+        guard let attachments = CMSampleBufferGetSampleAttachmentsArray(
+            sample, createIfNecessary: true), CFArrayGetCount(attachments) > 0
+        else { return }
+        let dict = unsafeBitCast(CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(attachments, 0), to: CFMutableDictionary.self)
+        CFDictionarySetValue(
+            dict,
+            Unmanaged.passUnretained(kCMSampleAttachmentKey_DoNotDisplay).toOpaque(),
+            Unmanaged.passUnretained(kCFBooleanTrue).toOpaque())
+    }
+
    /// Stop pumping (≤ one poll timeout). Does not close the connection.
    func stop() {
        token.stop()
@@ -27,19 +27,40 @@ public struct ReadyFrame: @unchecked Sendable {
    /// True when the stream is HDR (BT.2020 PQ): the buffer is 10-bit P010 and the presenter must
    /// configure EDR + BT.2020 PQ output. Derived from the decoded buffer's pixel format.
    public let isHDR: Bool
+    /// The AU's wire `user_flags` (`AccessUnit.flags`), threaded through the decode via the frame
+    /// context so the re-anchor gate can classify this decoded frame (IDR / RFI anchor / recovery
+    /// mark) at present time — the async decode callback has no other access to it. 0 when unknown.
+    public let flags: UInt32
+}
+
+/// Per-frame context threaded through the VideoToolbox frame refcon: the AU's receipt instant (for
+/// the decode-stage meter) and its wire `user_flags` (for the re-anchor gate). Retained across the
+/// async decode and reclaimed exactly once — by the output callback for every frame VideoToolbox
+/// accepts, or by `decode`'s error branch for a frame `DecodeFrame` rejected outright (the callback
+/// then never fires). A tiny per-frame allocation, the price of smuggling two values (a 64-bit
+/// instant plus the flags) through the single `void*` a bit-pattern scalar can't hold.
+private final class FrameContext {
+    let receivedNs: Int64
+    let flags: UInt32
+    init(receivedNs: Int64, flags: UInt32) {
+        self.receivedNs = receivedNs
+        self.flags = flags
+    }
 }

 /// The C output callback can't capture context, so VideoToolbox hands it the refcon we set at
-/// session creation — a pointer back to the owning `VideoDecoder`. The per-frame refcon carries
-/// the AU's `receivedNs` as a pointer bit pattern (a scalar smuggled through the C void*, never
-/// dereferenced) so the decode stage can be computed against decode-completion.
+/// session creation — a pointer back to the owning `VideoDecoder`. The per-frame refcon is the
+/// retained `FrameContext` set at submit; reclaim it here (balancing `passRetained`) and unpack the
+/// AU's receipt instant (for the decode stage) and wire flags (for the re-anchor gate).
 private let decoderOutputCallback: VTDecompressionOutputCallback = {
    refcon, frameRefcon, status, _, imageBuffer, pts, _ in
    guard let refcon else { return }
-    let receivedNs = frameRefcon.map { Int64(Int(bitPattern: $0)) } ?? 0
+    let ctx = frameRefcon.map { Unmanaged<FrameContext>.fromOpaque($0).takeRetainedValue() }
    Unmanaged<VideoDecoder>.fromOpaque(refcon)
        .takeUnretainedValue()
-        .handleDecoded(status: status, imageBuffer: imageBuffer, pts: pts, receivedNs: receivedNs)
+        .handleDecoded(
+            status: status, imageBuffer: imageBuffer, pts: pts,
+            receivedNs: ctx?.receivedNs ?? 0, flags: ctx?.flags ?? 0)
 }

 /// Owns a `VTDecompressionSession` rebuilt whenever the format description changes (every IDR /
@@ -117,16 +138,21 @@ public final class VideoDecoder: @unchecked Sendable {
              let sample = codec.sampleBuffer(au: au, format: newFormat)
        else { lock.unlock(); return false }
        var infoOut = VTDecodeInfoFlags()
+        // The AU's receipt instant + wire flags ride through as a retained context; the output
+        // callback reclaims it. Retain immediately before submit so no early return can leak it.
+        let ctx = FrameContext(receivedNs: au.receivedNs, flags: au.flags)
+        let refcon = Unmanaged.passRetained(ctx).toOpaque()
        let status = VTDecompressionSessionDecodeFrame(
            session,
            sampleBuffer: sample,
            flags: [._EnableAsynchronousDecompression],
-            // The AU's receipt instant rides through as a bit pattern (nil for 0 — the output
-            // callback maps that back to 0); the callback needs it to stamp the decode stage.
-            frameRefcon: UnsafeMutableRawPointer(bitPattern: Int(au.receivedNs)),
+            frameRefcon: refcon,
            infoFlagsOut: &infoOut)
        lock.unlock()
        if status != noErr {
+            // DecodeFrame rejected the frame outright — the output callback will NOT fire, so
+            // reclaim the context here (balancing passRetained) to avoid leaking it.
+            Unmanaged<FrameContext>.fromOpaque(refcon).release()
            onDecodeError(status)
            return false
        }
@@ -231,9 +257,10 @@ public final class VideoDecoder: @unchecked Sendable {
    }

    /// VT thread. Stamp decode-completion and enqueue, or report the error. `receivedNs` is the
-    /// AU's receipt instant threaded through the frame refcon (0 = unknown).
+    /// AU's receipt instant and `flags` its wire `user_flags`, both threaded through the frame refcon
+    /// (0 = unknown).
    fileprivate func handleDecoded(
-        status: OSStatus, imageBuffer: CVImageBuffer?, pts: CMTime, receivedNs: Int64
+        status: OSStatus, imageBuffer: CVImageBuffer?, pts: CMTime, receivedNs: Int64, flags: UInt32
    ) {
        guard status == noErr, let imageBuffer else {
            onDecodeError(status)
@@ -259,6 +286,6 @@ public final class VideoDecoder: @unchecked Sendable {
        onDecoded(
            ReadyFrame(
                ptsNs: ptsNs, receivedNs: receivedNs, decodedNs: decodedNs,
-                pixelBuffer: imageBuffer, isHDR: isHDR))
+                pixelBuffer: imageBuffer, isHDR: isHDR, flags: flags))
    }
 }
@@ -87,6 +87,8 @@ public struct StreamView: NSViewRepresentable {
    private let onDisconnectRequest: (() -> Void)?
    private let onFrame: (@Sendable (AccessUnit) -> Void)?
    private let onSessionEnd: (@Sendable () -> Void)?
+    private let onResizeTarget: ((UInt32, UInt32) -> Void)?
+    private let onDecodedSize: (@Sendable (Int, Int) -> Void)?
    private let endToEndMeter: LatencyMeter?
    private let decodeMeter: LatencyMeter?
    private let displayMeter: LatencyMeter?
@@ -108,6 +110,8 @@ public struct StreamView: NSViewRepresentable {
        onDisconnectRequest: (() -> Void)? = nil,
        onFrame: (@Sendable (AccessUnit) -> Void)? = nil,
        onSessionEnd: (@Sendable () -> Void)? = nil,
+        onResizeTarget: ((UInt32, UInt32) -> Void)? = nil,
+        onDecodedSize: (@Sendable (Int, Int) -> Void)? = nil,
        endToEndMeter: LatencyMeter? = nil,
        decodeMeter: LatencyMeter? = nil,
        displayMeter: LatencyMeter? = nil
@@ -118,6 +122,8 @@ public struct StreamView: NSViewRepresentable {
        self.onDisconnectRequest = onDisconnectRequest
        self.onFrame = onFrame
        self.onSessionEnd = onSessionEnd
+        self.onResizeTarget = onResizeTarget
+        self.onDecodedSize = onDecodedSize
        self.endToEndMeter = endToEndMeter
        self.decodeMeter = decodeMeter
        self.displayMeter = displayMeter
@@ -131,6 +137,8 @@ public struct StreamView: NSViewRepresentable {
        view.endToEndMeter = endToEndMeter
        view.decodeMeter = decodeMeter
        view.displayMeter = displayMeter
+        view.onResizeTarget = onResizeTarget
+        view.onDecodedSize = onDecodedSize
        view.start(connection: connection, onFrame: onFrame, onSessionEnd: onSessionEnd)
        return view
    }
@@ -142,6 +150,8 @@ public struct StreamView: NSViewRepresentable {
        view.endToEndMeter = endToEndMeter
        view.decodeMeter = decodeMeter
        view.displayMeter = displayMeter
+        view.onResizeTarget = onResizeTarget
+        view.onDecodedSize = onDecodedSize
        // SwiftUI reuses the NSView across state changes — repoint the pump only when the
        // connection identity actually changed.
        if view.connection !== connection {
@@ -165,6 +175,15 @@ public final class StreamLayerView: NSView {
    /// stage-1 StreamPump → displayLayer path as the Metal-unavailable / DEBUG fallback.
    private let presenter = SessionPresenter()
    public private(set) var connection: PunktfunkConnection?
+    /// Match-window resize follower (C3) — non-nil while a session is active AND the `matchWindow`
+    /// setting is on (DEFAULT on, for pixel-exact windowed streaming); fed the view's physical-pixel
+    /// size on every relayout so the host mode tracks the window (1:1, no presenter resample).
+    private var matchFollower: MatchWindowFollower?
+    /// Last decoded frame size fed into the presenter's aspect-fit. A new-mode IDR after a resize
+    /// re-fits the metal sublayer to the REAL content aspect here — `layout()` only re-runs on a
+    /// bounds change and a resize-END has none, so without this the layer keeps its pre-resize aspect
+    /// and the shader stretches the new frame into it (black bars + squish). Main-thread only.
+    private var lastDecodedContentSize: CGSize?
    private let cursorCapture = CursorCapture()
    private var inputCapture: InputCapture?
    private var appObservers: [NSObjectProtocol] = []
@@ -201,6 +220,13 @@ public final class StreamLayerView: NSView {
    /// view can't do that itself (the connection's owner disconnects).
    public var onDisconnectRequest: (() -> Void)?

+    /// Resize overlay signals (design/midstream-resolution-resize.md client UX): `onResizeTarget`
+    /// (main thread, via the follower) fires the instant the window starts steering toward a new
+    /// size; `onDecodedSize` (PUMP thread) fires when a new-mode IDR's dims land. The owner drives
+    /// the blur+spinner from these — set before `start()`.
+    public var onResizeTarget: ((UInt32, UInt32) -> Void)?
+    public var onDecodedSize: (@Sendable (Int, Int) -> Void)?
+
    /// Main-thread only. False = input capture disabled outright (UI layered over the
    /// stream); flipping to true auto-engages once.
    public var captureEnabled = true {
@@ -594,13 +620,12 @@ public final class StreamLayerView: NSView {
            guard let self, self.window?.isKeyWindow == true else { return }
            self.onDisconnectRequest?()
        }
-        capture.onToggleStats = { [weak self] in
+        capture.onCycleStats = { [weak self] in
            guard self?.window?.isKeyWindow == true else { return }
-            // Flip the shared setting directly — every @AppStorage reader (the HUD's visibility,
-            // the menu item's title) observes UserDefaults, so this is the same as the menu path.
-            let defaults = UserDefaults.standard
-            let current = defaults.object(forKey: DefaultsKey.hudEnabled) as? Bool ?? true
-            defaults.set(!current, forKey: DefaultsKey.hudEnabled)
+            // Advance the shared tier setting directly — every @AppStorage reader (the HUD's
+            // visibility/content, the Settings pickers) observes UserDefaults, so this is the
+            // same as the menu path.
+            StatsVerbosity.store(StatsVerbosity.current.next())
        }
        capture.start()
        inputCapture = capture
@@ -619,6 +644,10 @@ public final class StreamLayerView: NSView {
        // (explicit VTDecompressionSession decode + a CAMetalLayer/display-link present) by
        // default, the stage-1 pump as the Metal-missing / DEBUG fallback. The link comes from
        // NSView.displayLink so it tracks the display this view is on.
+        // Intercept the pump's coded-dims callback: re-fit the metal sublayer to the real content
+        // aspect (main thread) BEFORE forwarding to the owner's overlay END-signal. Fires only on a
+        // size CHANGE (first frame + each resolved resize), so this is rare, not per-frame.
+        let overlayDecodedSize = onDecodedSize
        presenter.start(
            connection: connection,
            baseLayer: displayLayer,
@@ -627,15 +656,39 @@ public final class StreamLayerView: NSView {
            displayMeter: displayMeter,
            makeDisplayLink: { displayLink(target: $0, selector: $1) },
            onFrame: onFrame,
-            onSessionEnd: onSessionEnd)
+            onSessionEnd: onSessionEnd,
+            onDecodedSize: { [weak self] w, h in // resize overlay END signal (new-mode IDR dims)
+                DispatchQueue.main.async { self?.noteDecodedContentSize(width: w, height: h) }
+                overlayDecodedSize?(w, h)
+            })
+        // Match-window (C3): when ON, follow the window's pixel size so a windowed session streams
+        // 1:1 (pixel-exact) instead of the presenter resampling a fixed-mode frame into a
+        // non-matching window. The first real `layout()` feeds the initial size, so the stream
+        // converges to the window even though the connect used the explicit/display mode; entering
+        // fullscreen reports the full-display px, restoring a native-res 1:1 present there too.
+        // OPT-IN — `?? false` matches the Settings toggle (which also defaults off); an unset
+        // default keeps the explicit mode.
+        let follower = MatchWindowFollower(
+            connection: connection,
+            enabled: UserDefaults.standard.object(forKey: DefaultsKey.matchWindow) as? Bool ?? false)
+        follower.onResizeTarget = onResizeTarget // resize overlay START signal (instant, on the follower)
+        matchFollower = follower
        layoutPresenter()
        requestAutoCapture() // entering a session is the deliberate "capture me" moment
    }

    /// Aspect-fit the stage-2 metal sublayer to the view; refresh contentsScale on a
-    /// retina↔non-retina move (see SessionPresenter.layout).
+    /// retina↔non-retina move (see SessionPresenter.layout). Also feeds the Match-window follower
+    /// the view's physical-pixel size (bounds → backing), so a window resize / retina move follows.
    private func layoutPresenter() {
        presenter.layout(in: bounds, contentsScale: window?.backingScaleFactor ?? 1)
+        // Feed the follower only once in a window (backing scale is real then) and with real
+        // bounds — a pre-window layout would report point-sized dimensions.
+        if window != nil, bounds.width > 0, bounds.height > 0 {
+            let px = convertToBacking(bounds).size
+            matchFollower?.noteSize(
+                widthPx: Int(px.width.rounded()), heightPx: Int(px.height.rounded()))
+        }
    }

    public override func viewDidChangeBackingProperties() {
@@ -643,6 +696,18 @@ public final class StreamLayerView: NSView {
        layoutPresenter() // backing scale changed (e.g. moved to a non-retina display)
    }

+    /// A new decoded size landed (a new-mode IDR after a resize, or the session's first frame): push
+    /// it to the presenter's aspect-fit and re-layout NOW. A resize-END triggers no `layout()`, so
+    /// this is what makes the metal sublayer track the new content aspect instead of stretching the
+    /// new frame into the pre-resize box. Deduped so a same-size repeat is a no-op. Main thread.
+    private func noteDecodedContentSize(width: Int, height: Int) {
+        let size = CGSize(width: width, height: height)
+        guard size.width > 0, size.height > 0, size != lastDecodedContentSize else { return }
+        lastDecodedContentSize = size
+        presenter.setContentSize(size)
+        layoutPresenter()
+    }
+
    /// Stop pumping (≤ one poll timeout). Does not close the connection — that stays with
    /// whoever owns it (PunktfunkConnection.close() is safe alongside a draining pump).
    public func stop() {
@@ -651,6 +716,8 @@ public final class StreamLayerView: NSView {
        inputCapture?.stop()
        inputCapture = nil
        presenter.stop()
+        matchFollower = nil
+        lastDecodedContentSize = nil // the next session re-derives it from its first frame
        connection = nil
    }

@@ -24,7 +24,9 @@
 // (== locked): GCMouse forwards only WHILE locked, the UIKit indirect path (motion, buttons AND
 // scroll) only while NOT locked — so a pointer that emits both channels under lock can't double-send.
 // Hardware keyboard forwarding shares InputCapture with macOS — auto-engaged when streaming
-// starts, ⌘⎋ toggles (detected from the HID stream; there is no NSEvent monitor here).
+// starts, ⌘⎋ toggles and ⌃⌥⇧Q releases (both detected from the HID stream; there is no NSEvent
+// monitor here). ⌃⌥⇧Q is the cross-client Ctrl+Alt+Shift+Q — it un-captures so the Magic Keyboard
+// trackpad drives the local iPad UI again.
 //
 // The public type is named StreamView like its macOS twin (each is platform-gated), so
 // the SwiftUI app layer is identical on both platforms.
@@ -36,6 +38,9 @@ import PunktfunkCore
 import SwiftUI
 import UIKit
 import os
+#if os(tvOS)
+import AVKit // AVDisplayManager — the per-session display-mode (HDR10/refresh) request
+#endif

 /// Same diagnostic switch as InputCapture (PUNKTFUNK_INPUT_DEBUG=1): on iOS we log the
 /// resolved pointer-lock state each time capture engages, so the user can see whether the
@@ -50,6 +55,8 @@ public struct StreamView: UIViewControllerRepresentable {
    private let onCaptureChange: ((Bool) -> Void)?
    private let onFrame: (@Sendable (AccessUnit) -> Void)?
    private let onSessionEnd: (@Sendable () -> Void)?
+    private let onResizeTarget: ((UInt32, UInt32) -> Void)?
+    private let onDecodedSize: (@Sendable (Int, Int) -> Void)?
    private let endToEndMeter: LatencyMeter?
    private let decodeMeter: LatencyMeter?
    private let displayMeter: LatencyMeter?
@@ -65,6 +72,8 @@ public struct StreamView: UIViewControllerRepresentable {
        onDisconnectRequest: (() -> Void)? = nil,
        onFrame: (@Sendable (AccessUnit) -> Void)? = nil,
        onSessionEnd: (@Sendable () -> Void)? = nil,
+        onResizeTarget: ((UInt32, UInt32) -> Void)? = nil,
+        onDecodedSize: (@Sendable (Int, Int) -> Void)? = nil,
        endToEndMeter: LatencyMeter? = nil,
        decodeMeter: LatencyMeter? = nil,
        displayMeter: LatencyMeter? = nil
@@ -74,6 +83,8 @@ public struct StreamView: UIViewControllerRepresentable {
        self.onCaptureChange = onCaptureChange
        self.onFrame = onFrame
        self.onSessionEnd = onSessionEnd
+        self.onResizeTarget = onResizeTarget
+        self.onDecodedSize = onDecodedSize
        self.endToEndMeter = endToEndMeter
        self.decodeMeter = decodeMeter
        self.displayMeter = displayMeter
@@ -86,6 +97,8 @@ public struct StreamView: UIViewControllerRepresentable {
        controller.endToEndMeter = endToEndMeter
        controller.decodeMeter = decodeMeter
        controller.displayMeter = displayMeter
+        controller.onResizeTarget = onResizeTarget
+        controller.onDecodedSize = onDecodedSize
        controller.start(connection: connection, onFrame: onFrame, onSessionEnd: onSessionEnd)
        return controller
    }
@@ -96,6 +109,8 @@ public struct StreamView: UIViewControllerRepresentable {
        controller.endToEndMeter = endToEndMeter
        controller.decodeMeter = decodeMeter
        controller.displayMeter = displayMeter
+        controller.onResizeTarget = onResizeTarget
+        controller.onDecodedSize = onDecodedSize
        if controller.connection !== connection {
            controller.start(connection: connection, onFrame: onFrame, onSessionEnd: onSessionEnd)
        }
@@ -108,7 +123,20 @@ public struct StreamView: UIViewControllerRepresentable {
    }
 }

-public final class StreamViewController: UIViewController {
+#if os(tvOS)
+/// tvOS: a GCEventViewController with `controllerUserInteractionEnabled = false` routes game-
+/// controller (and Siri Remote) input EXCLUSIVELY to the GameController framework while the
+/// stream is up. Without it a pad's B/Menu press doubles as a UIKit menu press — which ended
+/// the session (or suspended the whole app) from ordinary gameplay; a SwiftUI
+/// `.onExitCommand {}` swallow proved unreliable with nothing focusable on screen. Every
+/// in-session exit is GC-level by design: the pad's escape chord (GamepadCapture) and the
+/// remote's hold-Back (SiriRemotePointer).
+public typealias StreamViewControllerBase = GCEventViewController
+#else
+public typealias StreamViewControllerBase = UIViewController
+#endif
+
+public final class StreamViewController: StreamViewControllerBase {
    public private(set) var connection: PunktfunkConnection?
    private var observers: [NSObjectProtocol] = []
    /// Record the unified latency stages (end-to-end / decode / display) when the stage-2
@@ -119,6 +147,11 @@ public final class StreamViewController: UIViewController {
    /// The shared presenter stack: stage-2 (CAMetalLayer sublayer + display link) with the
    /// stage-1 StreamPump → displayLayer path as the Metal-unavailable / DEBUG fallback.
    private let presenter = SessionPresenter()
+    #if os(tvOS)
+    /// The window's display manager the session's mode request was set on — held weakly so
+    /// stop() can clear the request even after the view has left the window.
+    private weak var sessionDisplayManager: AVDisplayManager?
+    #endif
    #if os(iOS)
    private var inputCapture: InputCapture?
    fileprivate var captured = false
@@ -126,6 +159,12 @@ public final class StreamViewController: UIViewController {
    /// Capture state at the last resign, restored on the next foreground — otherwise the
    /// mouse/keyboard stay released after navigating out and nothing re-grabs them.
    private var wasCapturedOnResign = false
+    /// Match-window resize follower (C3) — non-nil while a session is active AND the `matchWindow`
+    /// setting is on (DEFAULT on, for pixel-exact scene streaming); fed the view's physical-pixel
+    /// size from `viewDidLayoutSubviews` so an iPad Stage Manager / Split View scene resize
+    /// renegotiates the host mode (1:1, no presenter resample). iOS only (iPhone naturally no-ops
+    /// its fixed full-screen scene; tvOS drives display modes via AVDisplayManager instead).
+    private var matchFollower: MatchWindowFollower?
    #endif

    /// Reads whether the scene's pointer is actually locked right now; nil = state
@@ -140,6 +179,18 @@ public final class StreamViewController: UIViewController {
    }

    var onCaptureChange: ((Bool) -> Void)?
+    /// Resize-overlay START: forwarded to the Match-window follower so a scene resize drives the
+    /// blur+spinner the instant the window differs from the live mode (iOS only — tvOS has no
+    /// follower). See `MatchWindowFollower.onResizeTarget`.
+    var onResizeTarget: ((UInt32, UInt32) -> Void)?
+    /// Resize-overlay END: the presenter reports the coded dims of each new-mode IDR here, so the
+    /// overlay clears when a frame at the requested size actually decodes.
+    var onDecodedSize: (@Sendable (Int, Int) -> Void)?
+    /// Last decoded size fed into the presenter's aspect-fit. A new-mode IDR (an iPad scene resize,
+    /// or a tvOS AVDisplayManager mode switch) re-fits the metal sublayer to the REAL content aspect
+    /// here — `viewDidLayoutSubviews` only re-runs on a bounds change, which a resize-END lacks, so
+    /// without this the layer keeps its pre-resize aspect and stretches the new frame into it. Main.
+    private var lastDecodedContentSize: CGSize?

    var captureEnabled = true {
        didSet {
@@ -157,6 +208,12 @@ public final class StreamViewController: UIViewController {

    public override func loadView() {
        view = StreamLayerUIView()
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        // Kill the pad/remote → UIKit press path at the source for the whole session (see the
+        // GCEventViewController typealias above). GC delivery is untouched: GamepadCapture
+        // forwards the pad, SiriRemotePointer drives the pointer and owns the remote exit.
+        controllerUserInteractionEnabled = false
+        #endif
        // Re-size the stage-2 drawable if the display scale changes without a bounds change (e.g.
        // moving to an external display at a different scale) — the iOS analogue of macOS's
        // viewDidChangeBackingProperties relayout. The handler takes the VC as its argument, so it
@@ -230,6 +287,18 @@ public final class StreamViewController: UIViewController {
    }
    #endif

+    #if os(tvOS)
+    // The GCEventViewController's interaction flag applies to the deepest such controller
+    // CONTAINING THE FIRST RESPONDER — inside SwiftUI's hosting-controller sandwich that is not
+    // guaranteed to be us unless we anchor the responder chain here explicitly.
+    public override var canBecomeFirstResponder: Bool { true }
+
+    public override func viewDidAppear(_ animated: Bool) {
+        super.viewDidAppear(animated)
+        becomeFirstResponder()
+    }
+    #endif
+
    func start(
        connection: PunktfunkConnection,
        onFrame: (@Sendable (AccessUnit) -> Void)?,
@@ -270,7 +339,19 @@ public final class StreamViewController: UIViewController {
                x: p.x, y: p.y, surfaceWidth: p.w, surfaceHeight: p.h)
        }
        streamView.onPointerButton = { [weak self] button, down in
-            guard let self, self.inputCapture?.gcMouseForwarding == false else { return }
+            guard let self else { return }
+            // Released → a trackpad/mouse click into the video RE-ENGAGES capture (the iPad
+            // analogue of macOS's `mouseDown → engageCapture(fromClick:)`, and the click-mirror of
+            // the ⌘⎋ / ⌃⌥⇧Q keyboard toggles). Only the button-DOWN engages; that click is the local
+            // engage gesture, so it's suppressed toward the host (`fromClick`) and never forwarded —
+            // its release is swallowed by InputCapture's suppress latch, whichever path delivers it.
+            // (Finger taps are untouched: touch always plays directly, so only the indirect pointer
+            // re-captures.) Captured already → the absolute path forwards the button as before.
+            if !self.captured {
+                if down, self.captureEnabled { self.setCaptured(true, fromClick: true) }
+                return
+            }
+            guard self.inputCapture?.gcMouseForwarding == false else { return }
            self.inputCapture?.sendMouseButton(button, pressed: down)
        }
        streamView.onScroll = { [weak self] dx, dy in
@@ -283,16 +364,38 @@ public final class StreamViewController: UIViewController {
            guard let self else { return }
            self.setCaptured(!self.captured)
        }
+        // ⌃⌥⇧Q (cross-client parity with macOS/Windows/Linux) releases the captured pointer +
+        // keyboard so the Magic Keyboard trackpad returns to driving the local iPad UI. Detected
+        // from the HID stream in InputCapture (no NSEvent monitor on iOS); unlike the ⌘⎋ toggle it
+        // only ever RELEASES — re-pressing it while already released is a no-op (setCaptured guards).
+        capture.onReleaseCapture = { [weak self] in
+            self?.setCaptured(false)
+        }
        capture.onPreempted = { [weak self] in
            self?.setCaptured(false)
        }
        capture.start()
        inputCapture = capture
+        // Match-window (C3): when ON, follow the scene's pixel size so a resizable iPad scene
+        // streams 1:1 (pixel-exact) instead of the presenter resampling a fixed-mode frame into it.
+        // `viewDidLayoutSubviews` feeds it — covers Stage Manager / Split View resizes and rotation.
+        // iPhone is a fixed full-screen scene, so this naturally no-ops (reports the device mode).
+        // OPT-IN — `?? false` matches the Settings toggle (which also defaults off); an unset
+        // default keeps the explicit mode.
+        let follower = MatchWindowFollower(
+            connection: connection,
+            enabled: UserDefaults.standard.object(forKey: DefaultsKey.matchWindow) as? Bool ?? false)
+        follower.onResizeTarget = onResizeTarget
+        matchFollower = follower
        #endif

        // Presenter choice + lifecycle live in SessionPresenter (shared with macOS): stage-2
        // (explicit VTDecompressionSession decode + a CAMetalLayer/display-link present) by
        // default, the stage-1 pump as the Metal-missing / DEBUG fallback.
+        // Intercept the pump's coded-dims callback: re-fit the metal sublayer to the real content
+        // aspect (main thread) BEFORE forwarding to the owner's overlay END-signal. Fires only on a
+        // size CHANGE (first frame + each resolved resize), so this is rare, not per-frame.
+        let overlayDecodedSize = onDecodedSize
        presenter.start(
            connection: connection,
            baseLayer: streamView.displayLayer,
@@ -301,7 +404,11 @@ public final class StreamViewController: UIViewController {
            displayMeter: displayMeter,
            makeDisplayLink: { CADisplayLink(target: $0, selector: $1) },
            onFrame: onFrame,
-            onSessionEnd: onSessionEnd)
+            onSessionEnd: onSessionEnd,
+            onDecodedSize: { [weak self] w, h in
+                DispatchQueue.main.async { self?.noteDecodedContentSize(width: w, height: h) }
+                overlayDecodedSize?(w, h)
+            })
        layoutMetalLayer()

        #if os(iOS)
@@ -337,11 +444,37 @@ public final class StreamViewController: UIViewController {
        ) { [weak self] _ in
            self?.syncPointerLock()
        })
+        // The Stream menu's "Release Mouse" (⌃⌥⇧Q) posts this — the discoverable menu surface for
+        // the RELEASED state. While CAPTURED the combo is recognized from the HID stream in
+        // InputCapture (onReleaseCapture) before the menu sees it, so in practice this fires as a
+        // not-captured no-op (setCaptured guards it); wired for honesty + a non-GC fallback. Only the
+        // foreground-active scene's stream acts — the iPad analogue of macOS's key-window guard, so a
+        // second Stage Manager scene isn't released out from under the user.
+        observers.append(NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(
+            forName: .punktfunkReleaseCapture, object: nil, queue: .main
+        ) { [weak self] _ in
+            guard let self,
+                  self.view.window?.windowScene?.activationState == .foregroundActive else { return }
+            self.setCaptured(false)
+        })

        if captureEnabled {
            setCaptured(true) // entering a session is the deliberate "capture me" moment
        }
        #endif
+
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        // The TV's mode switch (requested in applyDisplayCriteriaIfNeeded) completes
+        // asynchronously, and a dynamic-range-only switch doesn't re-layout by itself —
+        // re-layout on the switch/mode notifications so the presenter sees the new EDR
+        // headroom immediately (layout pushes UIScreen.currentEDRHeadroom down).
+        observers.append(NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(
+            forName: .AVDisplayManagerModeSwitchEnd, object: nil, queue: .main
+        ) { [weak self] _ in self?.layoutMetalLayer() })
+        observers.append(NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(
+            forName: UIScreen.modeDidChangeNotification, object: nil, queue: .main
+        ) { [weak self] _ in self?.layoutMetalLayer() })
+        #endif
    }

    func stop() {
@@ -359,16 +492,76 @@ public final class StreamViewController: UIViewController {
        streamView.onPointerButton = nil
        streamView.onScroll = nil
        streamView.currentHostMode = nil
+        matchFollower = nil
+        #endif
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        // Return the TV to the user's preferred mode — the home screen must not stay in the
+        // session's HDR10/refresh mode.
+        sessionDisplayManager?.preferredDisplayCriteria = nil
+        sessionDisplayManager = nil
        #endif
        presenter.stop()
+        lastDecodedContentSize = nil // the next session re-derives it from its first frame
        connection = nil
    }

    public override func viewDidLayoutSubviews() {
        super.viewDidLayoutSubviews()
        layoutMetalLayer()
+        #if os(iOS)
+        // Match-window (C3): feed the follower the view's physical-pixel size (points × scale).
+        let b = streamView.bounds
+        if b.width > 0, b.height > 0 {
+            let scale = renderScale
+            matchFollower?.noteSize(
+                widthPx: Int((b.width * scale).rounded()),
+                heightPx: Int((b.height * scale).rounded()))
+        }
+        #endif
+        #if os(tvOS)
+        applyDisplayCriteriaIfNeeded()
+        #endif
    }

+    #if os(tvOS)
+    /// Ask the TV for a display mode matching the session — HDR10 at the stream's refresh rate —
+    /// via AVDisplayManager, the tvOS mechanism custom renderers use for HDR output (AVFoundation
+    /// playback layers do this implicitly). Honored only when the user allows matching (tvOS
+    /// Settings → Video and Audio → Match Content); the presenter reads the RESULT off UIScreen's
+    /// EDR headroom (pushed in SessionPresenter.layout) and keeps the in-shader tone-map whenever
+    /// the switch never lands, so an SDR-composited display can't show blown-out PQ either way.
+    /// Applied once per session, as soon as the window and the negotiated mode both exist; the
+    /// stop() teardown clears it.
+    private func applyDisplayCriteriaIfNeeded() {
+        guard let manager = view.window?.avDisplayManager, let connection,
+              manager.preferredDisplayCriteria == nil,
+              UserDefaults.standard.object(forKey: DefaultsKey.hdrEnabled) as? Bool ?? true
+        else { return }
+        let mode = connection.currentMode()
+        guard mode.width > 0, mode.height > 0, mode.refreshHz > 0 else { return }
+        // A synthetic HDR10-HEVC format description carrying the negotiated mode — what the
+        // stream decodes to. AVDisplayCriteria(refreshRate:formatDescription:) matches the
+        // display to it (tvOS 17+, our deployment floor).
+        let ext: [CFString: Any] = [
+            kCMFormatDescriptionExtension_ColorPrimaries:
+                kCMFormatDescriptionColorPrimaries_ITU_R_2020,
+            kCMFormatDescriptionExtension_TransferFunction:
+                kCMFormatDescriptionTransferFunction_SMPTE_ST_2084_PQ,
+            kCMFormatDescriptionExtension_YCbCrMatrix:
+                kCMFormatDescriptionYCbCrMatrix_ITU_R_2020,
+        ]
+        var desc: CMFormatDescription?
+        CMVideoFormatDescriptionCreate(
+            allocator: kCFAllocatorDefault, codecType: kCMVideoCodecType_HEVC,
+            width: Int32(mode.width), height: Int32(mode.height),
+            extensions: ext as CFDictionary, formatDescriptionOut: &desc)
+        guard let desc else { return }
+        manager.preferredDisplayCriteria = AVDisplayCriteria(
+            refreshRate: Float(mode.refreshHz), formatDescription: desc)
+        sessionDisplayManager = manager
+    }
+    #endif
+
    /// The display scale to render the metal drawable at. `traitCollection.displayScale` is the
    /// canonical render scale and is reliable once the controller is in the hierarchy;
    /// `view.contentScaleFactor` can read 1.0 before the view attaches to a window/screen, which
@@ -385,12 +578,28 @@ public final class StreamViewController: UIViewController {
        presenter.layout(in: streamView.bounds, contentsScale: renderScale)
    }

+    /// A new decoded size landed (a scene/mode resize's new IDR, or the first frame): push it to the
+    /// presenter's aspect-fit and re-layout NOW. A resize-END triggers no `viewDidLayoutSubviews`, so
+    /// this is what makes the metal sublayer track the new content aspect instead of stretching the
+    /// new frame into the pre-resize box. Deduped so a same-size repeat is a no-op. Main thread.
+    private func noteDecodedContentSize(width: Int, height: Int) {
+        let size = CGSize(width: width, height: height)
+        guard size.width > 0, size.height > 0, size != lastDecodedContentSize else { return }
+        lastDecodedContentSize = size
+        presenter.setContentSize(size)
+        layoutMetalLayer()
+    }
+
    #if os(iOS)
-    private func setCaptured(_ on: Bool) {
+    /// `fromClick` marks a click-driven engage (the released-state pointer click that re-captures):
+    /// that click's press/release are suppressed toward the host — it's the local engage gesture,
+    /// not a host click — exactly as macOS's `engageCapture(fromClick:)` does. Keyboard-driven
+    /// engages (⌘⎋) pass false so a normal click still reaches the host.
+    private func setCaptured(_ on: Bool, fromClick: Bool = false) {
        if on {
            // `connection != nil` is the session-active gate (presenter internals are opaque here).
            guard captureEnabled, !captured, connection != nil else { return }
-            inputCapture?.setForwarding(true)
+            inputCapture?.setForwarding(true, suppressClick: fromClick)
            captured = true
        } else {
            guard captured else { return }
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+import CoreMedia
+import CoreVideo
+import VideoToolbox
+import XCTest
+import simd
+
+@testable import PunktfunkKit
+
+/// Golden end-to-end colour tests: decode the known-signaling bar fixtures through a real
+/// `VTDecompressionSession`, read the buffer's propagated signaling via `CscRows.signal(of:)`,
+/// convert sampled Y′CbCr through `CscRows.rows` — the exact math the Metal shaders run — and
+/// require the ORIGINAL RGB bars back. This is the proof of the two assumptions the stage-2
+/// colour fix rests on: (1) VideoToolbox propagates the bitstream's matrix onto the decoded
+/// CVPixelBuffer's attachments, and (2) signal+rows renders it correctly for BT.601/709 ×
+/// limited/full. A hardcoded-709 regression fails the 601 fixture by tens of code points.
+final class ColorBarDecodeTests: XCTestCase {
+    private static let bars: [(r: Float, g: Float, b: Float)] = [
+        (255, 255, 255), (255, 255, 0), (0, 255, 255), (0, 255, 0),
+        (255, 0, 255), (255, 0, 0), (0, 0, 255), (0, 0, 0),
+    ]
+
+    /// Decode one fixture AU to a biplanar 4:2:0 buffer of the given range sibling.
+    private func decode(_ au: [UInt8], pixelFormat: OSType) throws -> CVPixelBuffer {
+        let data = Data(au)
+        guard let format = AnnexB.formatDescription(fromIDR: data, codec: .hevc) else {
+            throw XCTSkip("could not build a format description from the fixture")
+        }
+        let attrs: [CFString: Any] = [kCVPixelBufferPixelFormatTypeKey: pixelFormat]
+        var session: VTDecompressionSession?
+        let created = VTDecompressionSessionCreate(
+            allocator: kCFAllocatorDefault, formatDescription: format,
+            decoderSpecification: nil, imageBufferAttributes: attrs as CFDictionary,
+            outputCallback: nil, decompressionSessionOut: &session)
+        guard created == noErr, let session else {
+            throw XCTSkip("VTDecompressionSessionCreate failed (\(created))")
+        }
+        defer { VTDecompressionSessionInvalidate(session) }
+        let unit = AccessUnit(data: data, ptsNs: 0, frameIndex: 0, flags: 0, receivedNs: 0)
+        guard let sample = AnnexB.sampleBuffer(au: unit, format: format, codec: .hevc) else {
+            throw XCTSkip("could not build a sample buffer")
+        }
+        var produced: CVPixelBuffer?
+        let status = VTDecompressionSessionDecodeFrame(
+            session, sampleBuffer: sample, flags: [], infoFlagsOut: nil
+        ) { status, _, imageBuffer, _, _ in
+            if status == noErr { produced = imageBuffer }
+        }
+        XCTAssertEqual(status, noErr, "decode submit")
+        VTDecompressionSessionWaitForAsynchronousFrames(session)
+        return try XCTUnwrap(produced, "no decoded frame")
+    }
+
+    private func assertBars(
+        _ name: String, au: [UInt8], pixelFormat: OSType,
+        expected: CscRows.Signal
+    ) throws {
+        let buffer = try decode(au, pixelFormat: pixelFormat)
+        let signal = CscRows.signal(of: buffer)
+        XCTAssertEqual(signal, expected, "\(name): VT must propagate the bitstream signaling")
+
+        let rows = CscRows.rows(signal, depth: 8, msbPacked: false)
+        CVPixelBufferLockBaseAddress(buffer, .readOnly)
+        defer { CVPixelBufferUnlockBaseAddress(buffer, .readOnly) }
+        let yBase = try XCTUnwrap(CVPixelBufferGetBaseAddressOfPlane(buffer, 0))
+            .assumingMemoryBound(to: UInt8.self)
+        let yStride = CVPixelBufferGetBytesPerRowOfPlane(buffer, 0)
+        let cBase = try XCTUnwrap(CVPixelBufferGetBaseAddressOfPlane(buffer, 1))
+            .assumingMemoryBound(to: UInt8.self)
+        let cStride = CVPixelBufferGetBytesPerRowOfPlane(buffer, 1)
+
+        for (i, bar) in Self.bars.enumerated() {
+            let (cx, cy) = (i * 32 + 16, 32)
+            let y = Float(yBase[cy * yStride + cx]) / 255.0
+            let cb = Float(cBase[(cy / 2) * cStride + (cx / 2) * 2]) / 255.0
+            let cr = Float(cBase[(cy / 2) * cStride + (cx / 2) * 2 + 1]) / 255.0
+            let yuv = SIMD3<Float>(y, cb, cr)
+            let rgb = SIMD3<Float>(
+                simd_dot(SIMD3(rows.r0.x, rows.r0.y, rows.r0.z), yuv) + rows.r0.w,
+                simd_dot(SIMD3(rows.r1.x, rows.r1.y, rows.r1.z), yuv) + rows.r1.w,
+                simd_dot(SIMD3(rows.r2.x, rows.r2.y, rows.r2.z), yuv) + rows.r2.w)
+            XCTAssertEqual(rgb.x * 255, bar.r, accuracy: 3, "\(name) bar \(i) R")
+            XCTAssertEqual(rgb.y * 255, bar.g, accuracy: 3, "\(name) bar \(i) G")
+            XCTAssertEqual(rgb.z * 255, bar.b, accuracy: 3, "\(name) bar \(i) B")
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// BT.601 (BT.470BG) limited — what a Linux host's RGB-input NVENC signals. The fixture that
+    /// catches a hardcoded-BT.709 shader.
+    func testGolden601LimitedBars() throws {
+        try assertBars(
+            "601-limited", au: ColorBarFixtures.bars601Limited,
+            pixelFormat: kCVPixelFormatType_420YpCbCr8BiPlanarVideoRange,
+            expected: .init(matrix: 5, fullRange: false))
+    }
+
+    /// BT.709 limited — the hosts' explicit SDR signaling.
+    func testGolden709LimitedBars() throws {
+        try assertBars(
+            "709-limited", au: ColorBarFixtures.bars709Limited,
+            pixelFormat: kCVPixelFormatType_420YpCbCr8BiPlanarVideoRange,
+            expected: .init(matrix: 1, fullRange: false))
+    }
+
+    /// BT.709 full range — the PUNKTFUNK_444_FULLRANGE experiment's signaling (requesting the
+    /// full-range sibling keeps VT from range-converting, so the full-range rows are exercised).
+    func testGolden709FullBars() throws {
+        try assertBars(
+            "709-full", au: ColorBarFixtures.bars709Full,
+            pixelFormat: kCVPixelFormatType_420YpCbCr8BiPlanarFullRange,
+            expected: .init(matrix: 1, fullRange: true))
+    }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,864 @@
+// Golden colour-bar fixtures — the SAME bytes as crates/pf-client-core/tests/bars-*.h265
+// (one 256×64 LOSSLESS x265 IDR of 8 saturated bars per signaling variant; generated
+// offline with ffmpeg/libx265, RGB→YUV matched to the declared VUI so the original RGB
+// is recoverable ±1 code). Regenerate both together — the Rust and Swift golden tests
+// must chew identical streams. Test-target only; nothing here ships.
+
+enum ColorBarFixtures {
+    static let bars601Limited: [UInt8] = [
+        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x40, 0x01, 0x0c, 0x01, 0xff, 0xff, 0x01, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00,
+        0x90, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0xff, 0x95, 0x98, 0x09, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,
+        0x42, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x90, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03,
+        0x00, 0xff, 0xa0, 0x08, 0x08, 0x10, 0x59, 0x65, 0x66, 0x92, 0x4c, 0xae, 0x6a, 0x02, 0x02, 0x0a,
+        0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0xc8, 0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,
+        0x44, 0x01, 0xc1, 0x71, 0xa9, 0x12, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x4e, 0x01, 0x05, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
+        0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xd1, 0x2c, 0xa2, 0xde, 0x09, 0xb5, 0x17, 0x47, 0xdb, 0xbb, 0x55, 0xa4,
+        0xfe, 0x7f, 0xc2, 0xfc, 0x4e, 0x78, 0x32, 0x36, 0x35, 0x20, 0x28, 0x62, 0x75, 0x69, 0x6c, 0x64,
+        0x20, 0x32, 0x31, 0x36, 0x29, 0x20, 0x2d, 0x20, 0x34, 0x2e, 0x32, 0x2b, 0x31, 0x2d, 0x65, 0x34,
+        0x34, 0x34, 0x37, 0x34, 0x34, 0x3a, 0x5b, 0x4d, 0x61, 0x63, 0x20, 0x4f, 0x53, 0x20, 0x58, 0x5d,
+        0x5b, 0x63, 0x6c, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x20, 0x32, 0x31, 0x2e, 0x30, 0x2e, 0x30, 0x5d, 0x5b, 0x36,
+        0x34, 0x20, 0x62, 0x69, 0x74, 0x5d, 0x20, 0x38, 0x62, 0x69, 0x74, 0x2b, 0x31, 0x30, 0x62, 0x69,
+        0x74, 0x2b, 0x31, 0x32, 0x62, 0x69, 0x74, 0x20, 0x2d, 0x20, 0x48, 0x2e, 0x32, 0x36, 0x35, 0x2f,
+        0x48, 0x45, 0x56, 0x43, 0x20, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x64, 0x65, 0x63, 0x20, 0x2d, 0x20, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x70,
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+        0x3a, 0x74, 0xf2, 0x64, 0xc9, 0x93, 0x26, 0x4c, 0x98, 0x43, 0xff, 0xff, 0x77, 0x88, 0xb7, 0xf6,
+        0x16, 0xba, 0x3e, 0xa1, 0xc4, 0xf8, 0x98, 0xc5, 0xc5, 0x67, 0xf6, 0xa6, 0x20, 0x0b, 0x3d, 0x62,
+        0x9e, 0xaf, 0xe6, 0xaa, 0x45, 0x3e, 0x02, 0xd0, 0x2d, 0x02, 0xd0, 0x2d, 0x02, 0xfd, 0x2f, 0xd2,
+        0xfd, 0x2f, 0xd2, 0xfd, 0x2f, 0xd2, 0xfd, 0x2d, 0x3d, 0xfe, 0x6b, 0xf7, 0xff, 0xff, 0x04, 0x5e,
+        0x01, 0x17, 0x8a, 0x34, 0xae, 0x56, 0xe5, 0x6e, 0x56, 0xe5, 0x6e, 0x66, 0x26, 0x62, 0x66, 0x26,
+        0x62, 0x66, 0x26, 0x62, 0x66, 0x25, 0xe8, 0x81, 0xb7, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x8c, 0xfc, 0x2d, 0xdd, 0xfc,
+        0x78, 0xe0, 0x8f, 0x36, 0xc1, 0x09, 0xb5, 0x10, 0xff, 0xff, 0x05, 0x24, 0xbb, 0x93, 0x6d, 0x8b,
+        0x11, 0x3f, 0xf5, 0x5f, 0x91, 0x4d, 0xe8, 0x34, 0x32, 0x13, 0xff, 0xf2, 0xd0, 0x8e, 0xa4, 0x10,
+        0x3b, 0x17, 0x3d, 0x0d, 0xf0, 0x64, 0x88, 0x64, 0xd4, 0xff, 0xfd, 0xe4, 0x28, 0x23, 0x05, 0xf8,
+        0x06, 0x68, 0xb4, 0xa5, 0x8c, 0x20, 0x1e, 0x54, 0x22, 0xf3, 0xff, 0xf6, 0x32, 0x77, 0x6d, 0x34,
+        0xce, 0xe5, 0x7e, 0xdf, 0xcc, 0x43, 0x72, 0x2c, 0xdf, 0x7f, 0xfe, 0x7f, 0xb0, 0x15, 0x20, 0x52,
+        0xd4, 0x06, 0xf8, 0x83, 0x2d, 0x08, 0x97, 0x2f, 0x08, 0x3d, 0x3d, 0x5f, 0xff, 0xe6, 0x0a, 0xa2,
+        0x05, 0xf9, 0x24, 0x92, 0x4b, 0x18, 0x61, 0x86, 0x18, 0x61, 0x88, 0x6f, 0xff, 0xd4, 0xec, 0x35,
+        0x68, 0x57, 0xf9, 0x4c, 0x73, 0xc7, 0x6e, 0x6d, 0x63, 0x89, 0x93, 0xff, 0xff, 0x6e, 0x4e, 0xd9,
+        0x23, 0x2c, 0xf5, 0xed, 0xef, 0xde, 0xfd, 0xef, 0xde, 0xfd, 0xf6, 0xcf, 0x6c, 0xf6, 0xcf, 0x6c,
+        0xf6, 0xcf, 0x6c, 0xf6, 0xcf, 0x01, 0x1b, 0x12, 0xc0, 0x18, 0x22, 0xee, 0x4d, 0x92, 0x49, 0x24,
+        0x92, 0x7a, 0xaa, 0xaa, 0xaa, 0xaa, 0xa7, 0xd0, 0x1a, 0x5f, 0xff, 0x9c, 0xa9, 0xca, 0xe5, 0x6d,
+        0x24, 0x4e, 0x60, 0x52, 0x2f, 0xa6, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xb0, 0xe8, 0x40, 0x7c, 0x6f, 0x2a, 0x40, 0xd4,
+        0x93, 0xf0, 0xa6, 0xa6, 0x14, 0x55, 0xff, 0xf3, 0x76, 0x99, 0x75, 0xaa, 0xeb, 0x16, 0xc8, 0x7d,
+        0x93, 0x68, 0x60, 0xff, 0xfd, 0x65, 0x5c, 0x68, 0xab, 0x16, 0xad, 0x46, 0xff, 0xba, 0x5a, 0x12,
+        0x2c, 0x9f, 0xff, 0xe5, 0x39, 0x42, 0xf7, 0xb8, 0x97, 0xfb, 0xe6, 0xf7, 0xd3, 0x1e, 0x27, 0xff,
+        0xf9, 0xc3, 0x14, 0x52, 0xf4, 0xf5, 0x3c, 0xbb, 0x6e, 0xb7, 0x2b, 0xbb, 0x80, 0x5e, 0xbf, 0xff,
+        0x41, 0xd9, 0xcb, 0x9f, 0x5d, 0xc9, 0x28, 0x36, 0x1c, 0xcf, 0x18, 0xa2, 0xd9, 0xdf, 0xff, 0xa7,
+        0xf3, 0x09, 0x84, 0xe6, 0x31, 0x94, 0xa5, 0x8d, 0xad, 0x93, 0x83, 0x8c, 0x01, 0x58, 0xff, 0xfd,
+        0x4b, 0xa2, 0xd2, 0x82, 0x6b, 0xc7, 0x81, 0x87, 0x90, 0xc0, 0x16, 0x28, 0x4c, 0x7f, 0xfe, 0x95,
+        0xc3, 0x60, 0xc7, 0x92, 0xea, 0x9a, 0xf4, 0xee, 0x9b, 0x68, 0x59, 0x04, 0x74, 0xec, 0x80, 0x0f,
+        0x41, 0x5c, 0xee, 0x30, 0xf1, 0xc6, 0xe8, 0x40, 0x12, 0xed, 0xb5, 0x55, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x11, 0xc8,
+        0x03, 0x4d, 0x33, 0x0f, 0x22, 0xec, 0x22, 0xdf, 0x56, 0x44, 0xb6, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x12, 0x30, 0x22,
+        0x76, 0x41, 0xf5, 0x7f, 0xf8, 0x06, 0x4f, 0x55, 0x86, 0x31, 0x58, 0xa3, 0xff, 0xf4, 0xf1, 0xc2,
+        0x65, 0x14, 0x4c, 0x4d, 0x40, 0x92, 0x12, 0x88, 0x96, 0xdb, 0xc4, 0xff, 0xfd, 0x33, 0x8d, 0xc5,
+        0xcb, 0xf7, 0x51, 0xc8, 0xd1, 0x4a, 0x19, 0x22, 0x0f, 0x81, 0xee, 0x95, 0xff, 0xff, 0x9c, 0x31,
+        0x45, 0x2f, 0x4f, 0x53, 0xcb, 0xb6, 0xeb, 0x72, 0xca, 0xaf, 0xff, 0x9b, 0x7c, 0x7c, 0x9e, 0x22,
+        0x9b, 0x07, 0xb8, 0xd1, 0x57, 0x20, 0x17, 0x9d, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x24, 0xc8, 0xb0, 0xee, 0x78, 0x7b,
+        0x95, 0x1d, 0x8d, 0x56, 0x89, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x15, 0xb7, 0xfa, 0x2a, 0xbe, 0x6b, 0x3f, 0xf0, 0xb5,
+        0xb3, 0x63, 0x74, 0x55, 0xff, 0xfc, 0xcc, 0xbd, 0x0e, 0x72, 0xf9, 0x76, 0x87, 0x1d, 0x0e, 0xd9,
+        0x12, 0x9f, 0xff, 0x32, 0x43, 0xc0, 0x1f, 0x1b, 0x10, 0xf4, 0xd3, 0x9f, 0x4b, 0xd2, 0x6b, 0x2f,
+        0xff, 0xef, 0xcb, 0x14, 0x52, 0x91, 0x69, 0x76, 0xc8, 0x6d, 0x94, 0x00, 0x34, 0xff, 0xfb, 0xec,
+        0xba, 0x8f, 0x8d, 0xeb, 0x14, 0xf5, 0x9e, 0xab, 0x96, 0xf0, 0xd9, 0x4f, 0x39, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xf8,
+        0x50, 0x81, 0x7f, 0x73, 0xb2, 0xe5, 0xcb, 0x97, 0x32, 0x6c, 0xd9, 0xb3, 0x66, 0xcd, 0x9b, 0x61,
+        0x7f, 0xff, 0x74, 0x86, 0x0d, 0xaf, 0x45, 0xff, 0x85, 0x5a, 0xa4, 0x21, 0x8d, 0xfd, 0x18, 0x3a,
+        0x85, 0x00, 0x5d, 0x6a, 0x15, 0xf4, 0xff, 0x44, 0xd0, 0x78, 0xe5, 0xaf, 0x7a, 0xf7, 0xaf, 0x7a,
+        0xf7, 0xb0, 0xf1, 0x0f, 0x10, 0xf1, 0x0f, 0x10, 0xf1, 0x0f, 0x10, 0xf0, 0xf8, 0x37, 0xae, 0xc0,
+        0x38, 0xb4, 0xea, 0x7a, 0x6e, 0x22, 0x51, 0xbc, 0x31, 0xdd, 0x3b, 0x74, 0xed, 0xd3, 0xb7, 0x4e,
+        0xdd, 0x74, 0x35, 0xd0, 0xd7, 0x43, 0x5d, 0x0d, 0x74, 0x35, 0xd0, 0xd7, 0x43, 0x56, 0xc8, 0x91,
+        0x7f, 0xff, 0xa1, 0xad, 0x88, 0x55, 0x61, 0x10, 0x40, 0x65, 0xd0, 0x9b, 0x4b, 0xc3, 0x5b, 0x8f,
+        0xff, 0xd0, 0xb6, 0xa8, 0x17, 0xbd, 0x41, 0xad, 0xe6, 0xc9, 0x9a, 0x1c, 0x1c, 0x1b, 0x5d, 0xa6,
+        0x97, 0xff, 0xf4, 0x29, 0x51, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xfa, 0xae, 0x19, 0xa1, 0x7e, 0x73, 0xcd, 0xc7, 0xfa,
+        0xff, 0xfd, 0x07, 0x66, 0xff, 0x1d, 0x6b, 0x4c, 0x94, 0xe8, 0xc3, 0x30, 0x89, 0x10, 0xd4, 0x81,
+        0x17, 0xff, 0xe4, 0x00, 0x31, 0xf0, 0xc2, 0xff, 0x9b, 0xc2, 0xb6, 0xd5, 0xbc, 0x8d, 0x4a, 0xbf,
+        0xff, 0xf8, 0xf9, 0xdb, 0xda, 0xc8, 0x96, 0xff, 0x59, 0x48, 0xb9, 0xdc, 0xca, 0x74, 0x56, 0x89,
+        0x79, 0x8c, 0xff, 0xff, 0x11, 0xf1, 0x1f, 0x0b, 0x12, 0x49, 0x24, 0xa4, 0x30, 0xc3, 0x0c, 0x30,
+        0xc4, 0x34, 0xff, 0xfd, 0xec, 0xf2, 0xd5, 0x8c, 0xa1, 0x40, 0x45, 0x93, 0x4f, 0x05, 0x8a, 0xdb,
+        0xbf, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x63, 0xf8, 0xb1, 0xe1, 0x66, 0xf5, 0x2c, 0x92, 0xc9, 0x2c, 0x92, 0xc9, 0x2c,
+        0xbe, 0xcb, 0xec, 0xbe, 0xcb, 0xec, 0xbe, 0xcb, 0xec, 0xbe, 0xc9, 0x46, 0xf9, 0x00, 0x24, 0xe2,
+        0xac, 0x81, 0x0c, 0x30, 0xc3, 0x0c, 0x7c, 0x71, 0xc7, 0x1c, 0x71, 0xc3, 0x33, 0xbe, 0x7f, 0xff,
+        0x09, 0x4e, 0x4f, 0x3a, 0xf9, 0x34, 0x8d, 0x41, 0xb5, 0x0d, 0x42, 0xbf, 0xfe, 0xf5, 0x88, 0x5f,
+        0x5a, 0x14, 0xff, 0x1d, 0x76, 0xda, 0x09, 0x36, 0xa4, 0x5d, 0xaf, 0xff, 0xbd, 0x87, 0x69, 0x9c,
+        0xd9, 0xf7, 0x0c, 0x48, 0x98, 0x9e, 0x17, 0x4b, 0xff, 0xef, 0x58, 0x85, 0xf5, 0xa1, 0x4f, 0xf1,
+        0xd7, 0x6d, 0xa0, 0x93, 0x60, 0x15, 0xbf, 0xfe, 0xf6, 0x1d, 0xa6, 0x73, 0x67, 0xdc, 0x31, 0x22,
+        0x62, 0x78, 0x5d, 0x2f, 0xff, 0xbd, 0x62, 0x17, 0xd6, 0x85, 0x3f, 0xc7, 0x5d, 0xb6, 0x82, 0x4d,
+        0xcc, 0x83, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf1, 0xd3, 0x9b, 0xa2, 0x9d, 0xe7, 0x8c, 0x66, 0x72, 0xc0, 0x2f, 0xcf,
+        0x65, 0x9b, 0xff, 0xf7, 0xc0, 0xca, 0x22, 0x04, 0xa8, 0x24, 0xf3, 0x1d, 0x63, 0x5d, 0x84, 0x8f,
+        0xff, 0x44, 0x5f, 0xff, 0x9f, 0xeb, 0xff, 0x4c, 0x13, 0x36, 0x00, 0x3c, 0x22, 0xc9, 0xc2, 0xf5,
+        0xf9, 0xef, 0xff, 0xcf, 0xf5, 0xff, 0xa6, 0x09, 0x9b, 0x00, 0x1e, 0x11, 0x64, 0xe1, 0x7a, 0xf0,
+        0x2a, 0x80, 0xe0, 0x04, 0x5a, 0x21, 0x7a, 0xa9, 0x51, 0x5c, 0x9d, 0x9c, 0x8a, 0x61, 0xc3, 0xd2,
+        0xff, 0xfd, 0xc8, 0xbf, 0xcc, 0xd3, 0x4c, 0x35, 0xeb, 0x66, 0x85, 0xe3, 0xe5, 0xaa, 0x5e, 0xbf,
+        0xff, 0x72, 0x03, 0xdc, 0x34, 0x44, 0x7e, 0x97, 0x68, 0x3e, 0x1a, 0xca, 0x8d, 0xf6, 0xb9, 0xc9,
+        0xff, 0xf9, 0x98, 0x62, 0x79, 0xa6, 0x97, 0x88, 0xdb, 0x12, 0xa0, 0xdb, 0x18, 0x4a, 0x52, 0x7f,
+        0xfe, 0x65, 0x99, 0x2d, 0xca, 0xa3, 0x9b, 0x23, 0x17, 0x99, 0x47, 0x1b, 0x57, 0x6b, 0x24, 0xda,
+        0x4f, 0xff, 0x9f, 0xb9, 0x30, 0x05, 0x2e, 0xef, 0x9f, 0xad, 0x6d, 0xfc, 0x3e, 0xcf, 0xff, 0x9f,
+        0xb9, 0x30, 0x05, 0x2e, 0xef, 0x9f, 0xad, 0x6d, 0xfb, 0xed, 0x2b, 0xed, 0xff, 0xf5, 0xca, 0x2c,
+        0x22, 0x59, 0x65, 0xee, 0x46, 0x1b, 0xdc, 0x14, 0xc5, 0xff, 0xf5, 0xca, 0x2c, 0x22, 0x59, 0x65,
+        0xee, 0x46, 0x1b, 0xdc, 0x0c, 0x2d, 0x3c, 0xe4, 0xff, 0xf9, 0xfe, 0xf1, 0xf6, 0xb4, 0x7a, 0xc8,
+        0x10, 0x48, 0x21, 0xb8, 0xfb, 0x3f, 0xfe, 0x7e, 0xe4, 0xc0, 0x14, 0xbb, 0xbe, 0x7e, 0xb5, 0xb7,
+        0xef, 0xb4, 0xfa, 0x17, 0xff, 0xd7, 0x3f, 0x91, 0xb5, 0xa5, 0x4a, 0x1d, 0xb1, 0x7b, 0x6a, 0xd4,
+        0xc5, 0xff, 0xf5, 0xca, 0x2c, 0x22, 0x59, 0x65, 0xee, 0x46, 0x1b, 0xdc, 0x0c, 0x28, 0xe4, 0xd2,
+        0xe3, 0x5f, 0xff, 0xde, 0xd4, 0xf2, 0x31, 0x27, 0x12, 0xa5, 0x4a, 0x95, 0x3c, 0x28, 0x50, 0xa1,
+        0x42, 0x85, 0x06, 0xda, 0xff, 0xfd, 0xc8, 0x0f, 0x94, 0x31, 0x1a, 0xd2, 0x66, 0x8a, 0xa8, 0x74,
+        0x03, 0x52, 0xcf, 0x12, 0x00, 0x52, 0x6c, 0xd3, 0x36, 0x5f, 0x46, 0x35, 0xfb, 0xc6, 0xbf, 0x4b,
+        0xf4, 0xbf, 0x4b, 0xf4, 0xc0, 0x96, 0x09, 0x60, 0x96, 0x09, 0x60, 0x96, 0x09, 0x60, 0x95, 0xf5,
+        0xab, 0x2f, 0xff, 0xfe, 0xd2, 0xdd, 0x9c, 0x95, 0xe0, 0x25, 0xdd, 0x39, 0xd3, 0x9d, 0x39, 0xd3,
+        0x9d, 0x4c, 0x14, 0xc1, 0x4c, 0x14, 0xc1, 0x4c, 0x14, 0xc1, 0x4c, 0x13, 0xab, 0xb0, 0x0b, 0xff,
+        0xf7, 0x20, 0x3e, 0x50, 0xc4, 0x6b, 0x49, 0x9a, 0x2a, 0xa1, 0xd0, 0x0d, 0x52, 0xf5, 0xff, 0xfb,
+        0x90, 0x1f, 0x28, 0x62, 0x35, 0xa4, 0xcd, 0x15, 0x50, 0xe8, 0x06, 0xa5, 0xb2, 0xce, 0xbf, 0x7f,
+        0xff, 0x14, 0x7b, 0x0e, 0x08, 0x20, 0x18, 0x32, 0x3e, 0xeb, 0x9a, 0xc6, 0xee, 0x81, 0xdf, 0xff,
+        0xc5, 0x0c, 0x78, 0xe1, 0x5d, 0x95, 0x29, 0x2c, 0x78, 0x61, 0xfa, 0x77, 0x12, 0x37, 0x16, 0xff,
+        0xfd, 0xc8, 0xbf, 0xcc, 0xd3, 0x4c, 0x35, 0xeb, 0x66, 0x85, 0xe3, 0xe5, 0xaa, 0x5e, 0xbf, 0xff,
+        0x72, 0x03, 0xe5, 0x0c, 0x46, 0xb4, 0x99, 0xa2, 0xaa, 0x1d, 0x00, 0xd4, 0xb6, 0xe7, 0x39, 0xf1,
+        0xaf, 0xff, 0xe2, 0x23, 0x20, 0x60, 0x5e, 0x18, 0x61, 0x88, 0x57, 0x5d, 0x75, 0xd7, 0x5d, 0x5b,
+        0x2f, 0xff, 0xbd, 0x62, 0x17, 0xd6, 0x85, 0x3f, 0xc7, 0x5d, 0xb6, 0x81, 0xde, 0x79, 0xff, 0xff,
+        0xf5, 0x01, 0xe9, 0xc0, 0xa2, 0xd0, 0xd3, 0x64, 0xd6, 0x4d, 0x64, 0xd6, 0x4d, 0x65, 0x5c, 0x55,
+        0xc5, 0x5c, 0x55, 0xc5, 0x5c, 0x55, 0xc5, 0x5c, 0x4d, 0xaa, 0x10, 0x05, 0xd9, 0x33, 0xd5, 0xc0,
+        0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x0b, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfd, 0xc6, 0x42, 0xf7, 0xff, 0xd7, 0x28,
+        0xb0, 0x89, 0x65, 0x97, 0xb9, 0x18, 0x6f, 0x70, 0x53, 0x17, 0xff, 0xd7, 0x28, 0xb0, 0x89, 0x65,
+        0x97, 0xb9, 0x18, 0x6f, 0x70, 0x30, 0x56, 0xfd, 0x5b, 0xff, 0xf2, 0x33, 0x67, 0x90, 0x81, 0x60,
+        0x4a, 0x3d, 0x34, 0x7d, 0x12, 0xe6, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x8a, 0xea, 0x0e, 0x95, 0x0c, 0xc0, 0x73, 0xf5,
+        0x83, 0xaf, 0xfa, 0x2f, 0x2f, 0xff, 0xbd, 0x87, 0x69, 0x9c, 0xd9, 0xf7, 0x0c, 0x48, 0x98, 0x9e,
+        0x07, 0x4b, 0xff, 0xef, 0x58, 0x85, 0xf5, 0xa1, 0x4f, 0xf1, 0xd7, 0x6d, 0xa0, 0x78, 0x35, 0x4a,
+        0x6d, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x50, 0xc7, 0x8e, 0x15, 0xd9, 0x52, 0x92, 0xc7, 0x86, 0x1f, 0xa7, 0x74, 0x0e,
+        0xff, 0xfe, 0x28, 0x63, 0xc7, 0x0a, 0xec, 0xa9, 0x49, 0x63, 0xc3, 0x0f, 0xd3, 0xb8, 0x92, 0x9f,
+        0x57, 0xff, 0xee, 0x40, 0x7c, 0xa1, 0x88, 0xd6, 0x93, 0x34, 0x55, 0x43, 0xa0, 0x1a, 0xa5, 0xeb,
+        0xff, 0xf7, 0x20, 0x3e, 0x50, 0xc4, 0x6b, 0x49, 0x9a, 0x2a, 0xa1, 0xd0, 0x0d, 0x4b, 0x13, 0x9a,
+        0xfc, 0x01, 0x0a, 0xb8, 0xdc, 0xe9, 0xaa, 0x51, 0xa6, 0x2f, 0x33, 0x38, 0x70, 0x9f, 0x3f, 0xff,
+        0x81, 0x38, 0x6f, 0x96, 0x59, 0x2c, 0x9d, 0xc5, 0x46, 0x2d, 0xbb, 0xb2, 0x86, 0x2f, 0xff, 0xde,
+        0x02, 0x4a, 0x0e, 0x78, 0xf4, 0x81, 0xf4, 0x0e, 0xf1, 0xaf, 0x76, 0xc4, 0x68, 0x3a, 0x7f, 0xfe,
+        0x7a, 0x23, 0xee, 0xeb, 0xae, 0x0b, 0xba, 0xa9, 0x83, 0xd2, 0x73, 0xc7, 0xd0, 0x9f, 0xff, 0x9e,
+        0x6a, 0xb4, 0x7c, 0xad, 0x6d, 0xa6, 0x32, 0xbc, 0x60, 0xd2, 0xe3, 0x9c, 0x90, 0x95, 0xe3, 0xff,
+        0xe9, 0x1b, 0x9a, 0x48, 0x96, 0x45, 0x2e, 0x92, 0xdc, 0x57, 0xac, 0xb3, 0xff, 0xe9, 0x1b, 0x9a,
+        0x48, 0x96, 0x45, 0x2e, 0x92, 0xdc, 0x57, 0x99, 0x5e, 0x95, 0x7f, 0xfe, 0x01, 0xa9, 0xd0, 0xd9,
+        0xc1, 0x16, 0xba, 0xb0, 0xf7, 0x82, 0xfd, 0x7f, 0xfe, 0x01, 0xa9, 0xd0, 0xd9, 0xc1, 0x16, 0xba,
+        0xb0, 0xf7, 0x81, 0x46, 0x41, 0x3d, 0xbf, 0xff, 0x01, 0x63, 0xdb, 0x18, 0x93, 0x66, 0x4d, 0xce,
+        0x9b, 0xce, 0x5f, 0xaf, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x35, 0x3a, 0x1b, 0x38, 0x22, 0xd7, 0x56, 0x1e, 0xf0, 0x28,
+        0x50, 0x74, 0xff, 0xfa, 0x4a, 0x1b, 0x55, 0xac, 0x47, 0xb6, 0x24, 0xc4, 0x4a, 0xa2, 0xcb, 0x3f,
+        0xfe, 0x91, 0xb9, 0xa4, 0x89, 0x64, 0x52, 0xe9, 0x2d, 0xc5, 0x79, 0x98, 0x82, 0x80,
+    ]
+
+    static let bars709Limited: [UInt8] = [
+        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x40, 0x01, 0x0c, 0x01, 0xff, 0xff, 0x01, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00,
+        0x90, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0xff, 0x95, 0x98, 0x09, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,
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+        0x64, 0xdd, 0xb2, 0xec, 0xd0, 0x12, 0xb7, 0x9e, 0x33, 0x80, 0x15, 0xbf, 0xfd, 0xac, 0x85, 0x54,
+        0x3a, 0xf5, 0xbc, 0xee, 0x0d, 0x57, 0x5f, 0xfe, 0xc9, 0xbb, 0x65, 0xd9, 0xa0, 0x25, 0x6f, 0x3c,
+        0x67, 0x26, 0x41, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfd, 0x21, 0x61, 0xf6, 0xe8, 0x83, 0x3c, 0x43, 0x61, 0x53, 0x6b,
+        0xfc, 0x33, 0xa6, 0xbe, 0x35, 0x59, 0x89, 0xbf, 0xff, 0xca, 0x91, 0xd0, 0xc1, 0x31, 0xc1, 0xe7,
+        0xbb, 0x89, 0xf6, 0x15, 0x87, 0x70, 0x29, 0xba, 0x64, 0xba, 0x7e, 0x88, 0xbf, 0xff, 0xb2, 0x30,
+        0xd1, 0x95, 0xef, 0xe1, 0xec, 0x3b, 0xef, 0xd8, 0x40, 0x72, 0x7f, 0x53, 0x27, 0xc6, 0x4c, 0xfb,
+        0xff, 0xfb, 0x23, 0x0d, 0x19, 0x5e, 0xfe, 0x1e, 0xc3, 0xbe, 0xfd, 0x84, 0x07, 0x27, 0xf5, 0x32,
+        0x7c, 0x64, 0x69, 0x54, 0x07, 0x00, 0x21, 0xa1, 0xb8, 0x31, 0xe7, 0x92, 0x4d, 0x21, 0x98, 0xe1,
+        0xe9, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x8d, 0x04, 0x56, 0x50, 0xf3, 0x87, 0x8e, 0xe9, 0x2c, 0x8b, 0x9a, 0x5d, 0x0e,
+        0x69, 0x7a, 0xdf, 0xb3, 0x5f, 0xff, 0xe3, 0x40, 0xd3, 0x1c, 0xfe, 0x0e, 0x49, 0x93, 0x22, 0xcd,
+        0xe3, 0xac, 0xa4, 0x02, 0xfb, 0xa5, 0x1b, 0xab, 0x9c, 0x9f, 0xff, 0xd6, 0x74, 0xad, 0x35, 0x38,
+        0x54, 0x07, 0xfc, 0xf4, 0x47, 0x3e, 0xc8, 0x84, 0xfb, 0x24, 0x7a, 0xe0, 0x27, 0xff, 0xf5, 0x9d,
+        0x13, 0x49, 0x92, 0x11, 0x5f, 0xc8, 0xd6, 0x12, 0xc1, 0xc0, 0x69, 0x64, 0x95, 0x44, 0x79, 0x86,
+        0x49, 0xb4, 0x9f, 0xfe, 0x3f, 0x97, 0x6d, 0x34, 0x2f, 0xd0, 0xc9, 0x77, 0xb6, 0x27, 0xff, 0x8f,
+        0xe5, 0xdb, 0x4d, 0x0b, 0xf4, 0x32, 0x5d, 0xe3, 0x55, 0x7d, 0xbf, 0xfd, 0x07, 0x21, 0x7d, 0xd6,
+        0x5c, 0x66, 0xa7, 0xd9, 0x86, 0xaf, 0xff, 0x41, 0xc8, 0x5f, 0x75, 0x97, 0x19, 0xa9, 0xf6, 0x50,
+        0x7a, 0x79, 0xc9, 0xff, 0xe5, 0x1b, 0x2a, 0x9d, 0xe9, 0xe9, 0x3d, 0x4b, 0x9a, 0x64, 0xff, 0xf1,
+        0xfc, 0xbb, 0x69, 0xa1, 0x7e, 0x86, 0x4b, 0xbc, 0x6a, 0xfa, 0x17, 0xff, 0xa4, 0xbb, 0x55, 0x2a,
+        0x0d, 0xeb, 0x17, 0x5e, 0x75, 0x2b, 0xff, 0xd0, 0x72, 0x17, 0xdd, 0x65, 0xc6, 0x6a, 0x7d, 0x94,
+        0x1c, 0x72, 0x69, 0x71, 0xaf, 0xff, 0xe8, 0xc5, 0xf4, 0xd9, 0x5a, 0x12, 0x49, 0x24, 0xda, 0x28,
+        0xa2, 0x8a, 0x28, 0x9d, 0x85, 0xff, 0xf9, 0x58, 0x68, 0xe1, 0xbe, 0x89, 0x87, 0x0a, 0x41, 0xbd,
+        0x40, 0x5a, 0xbe, 0x24, 0x00, 0xa4, 0xd7, 0xb7, 0x6b, 0xc7, 0x0b, 0x74, 0x72, 0x39, 0x7e, 0x97,
+        0xe9, 0x7e, 0x97, 0xe9, 0x88, 0xe8, 0x8e, 0x88, 0xe8, 0x8e, 0x88, 0xe8, 0x8e, 0x88, 0xe7, 0xf1,
+        0x59, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xf5, 0x72, 0xea, 0x9c, 0xa5, 0xe0, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0x3e, 0x53, 0xe5, 0x3e, 0x53,
+        0xe5, 0xd0, 0x5d, 0x05, 0xd0, 0x5d, 0x05, 0xd0, 0x5d, 0x05, 0xd0, 0x54, 0x5d, 0x80, 0x5f, 0xff,
+        0x95, 0x86, 0x8e, 0x1b, 0xe8, 0x98, 0x70, 0xa4, 0x1b, 0xd4, 0x05, 0xe9, 0xaf, 0xff, 0xca, 0xc3,
+        0x47, 0x0d, 0xf4, 0x4c, 0x38, 0x52, 0x0d, 0xea, 0x02, 0xd6, 0x96, 0x75, 0xfb, 0xff, 0xf4, 0xf5,
+        0xfe, 0xc9, 0x8b, 0xed, 0xa0, 0xd4, 0x3f, 0xd4, 0x4e, 0xf3, 0xbb, 0xff, 0xf4, 0xf2, 0xb7, 0x3b,
+        0x35, 0x34, 0x01, 0xbd, 0xcf, 0xc7, 0x6b, 0xc8, 0x86, 0xe2, 0xdf, 0xff, 0x95, 0xa6, 0x26, 0x6d,
+        0x66, 0xef, 0x24, 0x4f, 0x9c, 0x50, 0x2e, 0x0b, 0x5f, 0xff, 0x95, 0x86, 0x8e, 0x1b, 0xe8, 0x98,
+        0x70, 0xa4, 0x1b, 0xd4, 0x05, 0xad, 0x73, 0x9c, 0xf8, 0xd7, 0xff, 0xe5, 0x69, 0x89, 0x9b, 0x5a,
+        0xd6, 0xc7, 0xef, 0x7b, 0xde, 0xf7, 0x16, 0xbf, 0xfd, 0x93, 0xe0, 0xd5, 0x22, 0xf4, 0x00, 0x3c,
+        0x0c, 0x4d, 0xbe, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xfd, 0x40, 0x7a, 0x70, 0x28, 0xb4, 0x34, 0xd9, 0x35, 0x93, 0x59,
+        0x35, 0x93, 0x59, 0x57, 0x15, 0x71, 0x57, 0x15, 0x71, 0x57, 0x15, 0x71, 0x57, 0x13, 0x6a, 0x84,
+        0x01, 0x71, 0x0e, 0xa9, 0x4a, 0x52, 0x95, 0x06, 0xb5, 0xad, 0x6b, 0x51, 0x99, 0x0b, 0xdf, 0xfe,
+        0x83, 0xd1, 0xc1, 0x15, 0xe1, 0x93, 0x97, 0xb2, 0x8b, 0xd5, 0xff, 0xe8, 0x3d, 0x1c, 0x11, 0x5e,
+        0x19, 0x39, 0x7b, 0x28, 0x32, 0x5b, 0xf5, 0x6f, 0xff, 0x84, 0x61, 0x55, 0x1a, 0xb6, 0xa2, 0x05,
+        0x17, 0xea, 0x77, 0xff, 0xbf, 0xa1, 0xda, 0x6b, 0x8b, 0x14, 0x60, 0xb1, 0x38, 0x81, 0x17, 0x97,
+        0xff, 0xb5, 0x90, 0xaa, 0x87, 0x5e, 0xb7, 0x9d, 0xc1, 0x9a, 0xeb, 0xff, 0xd9, 0x3e, 0x0d, 0x52,
+        0x2f, 0x40, 0x03, 0xc0, 0xc4, 0xe5, 0x54, 0xa6, 0xdf, 0xff, 0xa7, 0x95, 0xb9, 0xd9, 0xa9, 0xa0,
+        0x0d, 0xee, 0x7e, 0x3b, 0x5e, 0x72, 0xef, 0xff, 0xd3, 0xca, 0xdc, 0xec, 0xd4, 0xd0, 0x06, 0xf7,
+        0x3f, 0x1d, 0xaf, 0x22, 0x29, 0xf5, 0x7f, 0xfe, 0x56, 0x1a, 0x38, 0x6f, 0xa2, 0x61, 0xc2, 0x90,
+        0x6f, 0x50, 0x17, 0xa6, 0xbf, 0xff, 0x2b, 0x0d, 0x1c, 0x37, 0xd1, 0x30, 0xe1, 0x48, 0x37, 0xa8,
+        0x0b, 0x55, 0x39, 0xaf, 0xc0, 0x10, 0x61, 0x2d, 0x46, 0x41, 0x11, 0x62, 0x85, 0x8e, 0x38, 0x4f,
+        0x9f, 0xff, 0xa0, 0xec, 0x48, 0x58, 0xc2, 0x3d, 0xd1, 0xc3, 0x19, 0xc3, 0x9c, 0x10, 0x5f, 0xff,
+        0x9a, 0x0a, 0x59, 0x0b, 0x58, 0xda, 0x57, 0xf6, 0xb4, 0x6d, 0xdb, 0xd2, 0xd0, 0x74, 0xff, 0xfb,
+        0x6e, 0x83, 0xdb, 0x08, 0x11, 0x73, 0xd9, 0x78, 0x19, 0x7e, 0x5b, 0xa4, 0xff, 0xfb, 0x6d, 0x28,
+        0x6c, 0x1c, 0x47, 0xe7, 0xaa, 0x54, 0x14, 0x29, 0x10, 0x54, 0x84, 0xaf, 0x1f, 0xfe, 0x55, 0xcd,
+        0xa1, 0xdc, 0xc5, 0x8c, 0x5f, 0x8b, 0xa9, 0x49, 0xff, 0xe5, 0x5c, 0xda, 0x1d, 0xcc, 0x58, 0xc5,
+        0xf8, 0xb9, 0xf9, 0xf4, 0xab, 0xff, 0xda, 0xe2, 0xc5, 0x4b, 0x14, 0xd2, 0x8e, 0xe6, 0xbb, 0x98,
+        0xbf, 0xfd, 0xae, 0x2c, 0x54, 0xb1, 0x4d, 0x28, 0xee, 0x6b, 0xab, 0xd2, 0x09, 0xed, 0xff, 0xee,
+        0x2e, 0x2a, 0xa2, 0x37, 0x77, 0x7d, 0xbd, 0x0c, 0x42, 0xff, 0xf6, 0xb8, 0xb1, 0x52, 0xc5, 0x34,
+        0xa3, 0xb9, 0xae, 0xae, 0xd0, 0x74, 0xff, 0xf3, 0x35, 0xea, 0xa4, 0x9a, 0x1c, 0x9b, 0xe5, 0xac,
+        0xa2, 0x7f, 0xf9, 0x57, 0x36, 0x87, 0x73, 0x16, 0x31, 0x7e, 0x2e, 0x7e, 0xd0, 0x50,
+    ]
+
+    static let bars709Full: [UInt8] = [
+        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x40, 0x01, 0x0c, 0x01, 0xff, 0xff, 0x01, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00,
+        0x90, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0xff, 0x95, 0x98, 0x09, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,
+        0x42, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x90, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03,
+        0x00, 0xff, 0xa0, 0x08, 0x08, 0x10, 0x59, 0x65, 0x66, 0x92, 0x4c, 0xae, 0x6e, 0x02, 0x02, 0x02,
+        0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0xc8, 0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,
+        0x44, 0x01, 0xc1, 0x71, 0xa9, 0x12, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x4e, 0x01, 0x05, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
+        0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xd1, 0x2c, 0xa2, 0xde, 0x09, 0xb5, 0x17, 0x47, 0xdb, 0xbb, 0x55, 0xa4,
+        0xfe, 0x7f, 0xc2, 0xfc, 0x4e, 0x78, 0x32, 0x36, 0x35, 0x20, 0x28, 0x62, 0x75, 0x69, 0x6c, 0x64,
+        0x20, 0x32, 0x31, 0x36, 0x29, 0x20, 0x2d, 0x20, 0x34, 0x2e, 0x32, 0x2b, 0x31, 0x2d, 0x65, 0x34,
+        0x34, 0x34, 0x37, 0x34, 0x34, 0x3a, 0x5b, 0x4d, 0x61, 0x63, 0x20, 0x4f, 0x53, 0x20, 0x58, 0x5d,
+        0x5b, 0x63, 0x6c, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x20, 0x32, 0x31, 0x2e, 0x30, 0x2e, 0x30, 0x5d, 0x5b, 0x36,
+        0x34, 0x20, 0x62, 0x69, 0x74, 0x5d, 0x20, 0x38, 0x62, 0x69, 0x74, 0x2b, 0x31, 0x30, 0x62, 0x69,
+        0x74, 0x2b, 0x31, 0x32, 0x62, 0x69, 0x74, 0x20, 0x2d, 0x20, 0x48, 0x2e, 0x32, 0x36, 0x35, 0x2f,
+        0x48, 0x45, 0x56, 0x43, 0x20, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x64, 0x65, 0x63, 0x20, 0x2d, 0x20, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x70,
+        0x79, 0x72, 0x69, 0x67, 0x68, 0x74, 0x20, 0x32, 0x30, 0x31, 0x33, 0x2d, 0x32, 0x30, 0x31, 0x38,
+        0x20, 0x28, 0x63, 0x29, 0x20, 0x4d, 0x75, 0x6c, 0x74, 0x69, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x77, 0x61,
+        0x72, 0x65, 0x2c, 0x20, 0x49, 0x6e, 0x63, 0x20, 0x2d, 0x20, 0x68, 0x74, 0x74, 0x70, 0x3a, 0x2f,
+        0x2f, 0x78, 0x32, 0x36, 0x35, 0x2e, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x67, 0x20, 0x2d, 0x20, 0x6f, 0x70, 0x74, 0x69,
+        0x6f, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x3a, 0x20, 0x63, 0x70, 0x75, 0x69, 0x64, 0x3d, 0x39, 0x38, 0x20, 0x66, 0x72,
+        0x61, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x2d, 0x74, 0x68, 0x72, 0x65, 0x61, 0x64, 0x73, 0x3d, 0x31, 0x20, 0x6e, 0x6f,
+        0x2d, 0x77, 0x70, 0x70, 0x20, 0x6e, 0x6f, 0x2d, 0x70, 0x6d, 0x6f, 0x64, 0x65, 0x20, 0x6e, 0x6f,
+        0x2d, 0x70, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x20, 0x6e, 0x6f, 0x2d, 0x70, 0x73, 0x6e, 0x72, 0x20, 0x6e, 0x6f, 0x2d,
+        0x73, 0x73, 0x69, 0x6d, 0x20, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x2d, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x76, 0x65, 0x6c, 0x3d, 0x30,
+        0x20, 0x62, 0x69, 0x74, 0x64, 0x65, 0x70, 0x74, 0x68, 0x3d, 0x38, 0x20, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x70, 0x75,
+        0x74, 0x2d, 0x63, 0x73, 0x70, 0x3d, 0x31, 0x20, 0x66, 0x70, 0x73, 0x3d, 0x32, 0x35, 0x2f, 0x31,
+        0x20, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x70, 0x75, 0x74, 0x2d, 0x72, 0x65, 0x73, 0x3d, 0x32, 0x35, 0x36, 0x78, 0x36,
+        0x34, 0x20, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x65, 0x72, 0x6c, 0x61, 0x63, 0x65, 0x3d, 0x30, 0x20, 0x74, 0x6f,
+        0x74, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x2d, 0x66, 0x72, 0x61, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x73, 0x3d, 0x30, 0x20, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x76,
+        0x65, 0x6c, 0x2d, 0x69, 0x64, 0x63, 0x3d, 0x30, 0x20, 0x68, 0x69, 0x67, 0x68, 0x2d, 0x74, 0x69,
+        0x65, 0x72, 0x3d, 0x31, 0x20, 0x75, 0x68, 0x64, 0x2d, 0x62, 0x64, 0x3d, 0x30, 0x20, 0x72, 0x65,
+        0x66, 0x3d, 0x33, 0x20, 0x6e, 0x6f, 0x2d, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x77, 0x2d, 0x6e, 0x6f, 0x6e,
+        0x2d, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x66, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x63, 0x65, 0x20, 0x72, 0x65, 0x70,
+        0x65, 0x61, 0x74, 0x2d, 0x68, 0x65, 0x61, 0x64, 0x65, 0x72, 0x73, 0x20, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x6e, 0x65,
+        0x78, 0x62, 0x20, 0x6e, 0x6f, 0x2d, 0x61, 0x75, 0x64, 0x20, 0x6e, 0x6f, 0x2d, 0x65, 0x6f, 0x62,
+        0x20, 0x6e, 0x6f, 0x2d, 0x65, 0x6f, 0x73, 0x20, 0x6e, 0x6f, 0x2d, 0x68, 0x72, 0x64, 0x20, 0x69,
+        0x6e, 0x66, 0x6f, 0x20, 0x68, 0x61, 0x73, 0x68, 0x3d, 0x30, 0x20, 0x74, 0x65, 0x6d, 0x70, 0x6f,
+        0x72, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x2d, 0x6c, 0x61, 0x79, 0x65, 0x72, 0x73, 0x3d, 0x30, 0x20, 0x6f, 0x70, 0x65,
+        0x6e, 0x2d, 0x67, 0x6f, 0x70, 0x20, 0x6d, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x2d, 0x6b, 0x65, 0x79, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x74,
+        0x3d, 0x32, 0x35, 0x20, 0x6b, 0x65, 0x79, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x3d, 0x32, 0x35, 0x30, 0x20, 0x67,
+        0x6f, 0x70, 0x2d, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x6f, 0x6b, 0x61, 0x68, 0x65, 0x61, 0x64, 0x3d, 0x30, 0x20, 0x62,
+        0x66, 0x72, 0x61, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x73, 0x3d, 0x34, 0x20, 0x62, 0x2d, 0x61, 0x64, 0x61, 0x70, 0x74,
+        0x3d, 0x32, 0x20, 0x62, 0x2d, 0x70, 0x79, 0x72, 0x61, 0x6d, 0x69, 0x64, 0x20, 0x62, 0x66, 0x72,
+        0x61, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x2d, 0x62, 0x69, 0x61, 0x73, 0x3d, 0x30, 0x20, 0x72, 0x63, 0x2d, 0x6c, 0x6f,
+        0x6f, 0x6b, 0x61, 0x68, 0x65, 0x61, 0x64, 0x3d, 0x32, 0x30, 0x20, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x6f, 0x6b, 0x61,
+        0x68, 0x65, 0x61, 0x64, 0x2d, 0x73, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, 0x65, 0x73, 0x3d, 0x30, 0x20, 0x73, 0x63,
+        0x65, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x63, 0x75, 0x74, 0x3d, 0x34, 0x30, 0x20, 0x6e, 0x6f, 0x2d, 0x68, 0x69, 0x73,
+        0x74, 0x2d, 0x73, 0x63, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x63, 0x75, 0x74, 0x20, 0x72, 0x61, 0x64, 0x6c, 0x3d,
+        0x30, 0x20, 0x6e, 0x6f, 0x2d, 0x73, 0x70, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, 0x65, 0x20, 0x6e, 0x6f, 0x2d, 0x69,
+        0x6e, 0x74, 0x72, 0x61, 0x2d, 0x72, 0x65, 0x66, 0x72, 0x65, 0x73, 0x68, 0x20, 0x63, 0x74, 0x75,
+        0x3d, 0x36, 0x34, 0x20, 0x6d, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x2d, 0x63, 0x75, 0x2d, 0x73, 0x69, 0x7a, 0x65, 0x3d,
+        0x38, 0x20, 0x6e, 0x6f, 0x2d, 0x72, 0x65, 0x63, 0x74, 0x20, 0x6e, 0x6f, 0x2d, 0x61, 0x6d, 0x70,
+        0x20, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x78, 0x2d, 0x74, 0x75, 0x2d, 0x73, 0x69, 0x7a, 0x65, 0x3d, 0x33, 0x32, 0x20,
+        0x74, 0x75, 0x2d, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x65, 0x72, 0x2d, 0x64, 0x65, 0x70, 0x74, 0x68, 0x3d, 0x31,
+        0x20, 0x74, 0x75, 0x2d, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x72, 0x61, 0x2d, 0x64, 0x65, 0x70, 0x74, 0x68, 0x3d,
+        0x31, 0x20, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x6d, 0x69, 0x74, 0x2d, 0x74, 0x75, 0x3d, 0x30, 0x20, 0x72, 0x64, 0x6f,
+        0x71, 0x2d, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x76, 0x65, 0x6c, 0x3d, 0x30, 0x20, 0x64, 0x79, 0x6e, 0x61, 0x6d, 0x69,
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+        0xe2, 0x37, 0xa6, 0x65, 0x92, 0xa9, 0xb2, 0x35, 0xff, 0xf0, 0xe3, 0x55, 0xc4, 0x6f, 0x4c, 0xcb,
+        0x25, 0x53, 0x56, 0xb2, 0x09, 0xed, 0xff, 0xf1, 0x07, 0x9b, 0xb9, 0x9e, 0x74, 0xf2, 0x13, 0xd8,
+        0xa6, 0xd7, 0xff, 0xc3, 0x8d, 0x57, 0x11, 0xbd, 0x33, 0x2c, 0x95, 0x4d, 0x5a, 0x50, 0x74, 0xff,
+        0xf5, 0x41, 0x72, 0x20, 0x9d, 0xa7, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x4b, 0xab, 0x33, 0xff, 0xd4, 0x9d, 0xa5, 0xee,
+        0x07, 0xca, 0x83, 0xa8, 0x8e, 0xe6, 0x10, 0x50,
+    ]
+
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+import CoreVideo
+import XCTest
+import simd
+
+@testable import PunktfunkKit
+
+/// Mirrors pf-client-core's `csc_rows` tests (crates/pf-client-core/src/video.rs) — the Swift port
+/// must stay in LOCKSTEP with the Rust implementation, so these are the same fixtures with the
+/// same tolerances. A divergence here means the two sides would render the same stream
+/// differently.
+final class CscRowsTests: XCTestCase {
+    private func apply(_ u: CscUniform, _ yuv: SIMD3<Float>) -> SIMD3<Float> {
+        SIMD3(
+            simd_dot(SIMD3(u.r0.x, u.r0.y, u.r0.z), yuv) + u.r0.w,
+            simd_dot(SIMD3(u.r1.x, u.r1.y, u.r1.z), yuv) + u.r1.w,
+            simd_dot(SIMD3(u.r2.x, u.r2.y, u.r2.z), yuv) + u.r2.w)
+    }
+
+    /// 10-bit limited MSB-packed (P010/x444): reference white Y=940, black Y=64, neutral
+    /// chroma 512 — sampled as UNORM16 of `code << 6`.
+    func testBt2020TenBitLimitedWhiteBlack() {
+        let rows = CscRows.rows(.init(matrix: 9, fullRange: false), depth: 10, msbPacked: true)
+        func s(_ code: UInt32) -> Float { Float(code << 6) / 65535.0 }
+        let white = apply(rows, SIMD3(s(940), s(512), s(512)))
+        let black = apply(rows, SIMD3(s(64), s(512), s(512)))
+        for i in 0..<3 {
+            XCTAssertEqual(white[i], 1.0, accuracy: 0.002, "white \(white)")
+            XCTAssertEqual(black[i], 0.0, accuracy: 0.002, "black \(black)")
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Reference white (Y=235, U=V=128 limited) → RGB 1.0; reference black (Y=16) → 0.0.
+    func testBt709LimitedWhiteBlack() {
+        let rows = CscRows.rows(.init(matrix: 1, fullRange: false), depth: 8, msbPacked: false)
+        let white = apply(rows, SIMD3(235.0 / 255.0, 128.0 / 255.0, 128.0 / 255.0))
+        let black = apply(rows, SIMD3(16.0 / 255.0, 128.0 / 255.0, 128.0 / 255.0))
+        for i in 0..<3 {
+            XCTAssertEqual(white[i], 1.0, accuracy: 0.005, "white \(white)")
+            XCTAssertEqual(black[i], 0.0, accuracy: 0.005, "black \(black)")
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Full-range identity points + the 601-vs-709 red excursion (guards the matrix-code
+    /// dispatch — the two matrices MUST differ measurably, that difference is the whole bug
+    /// class this port fixes).
+    func testFullRangeAndRedExcursion() {
+        let rows601 = CscRows.rows(.init(matrix: 5, fullRange: true), depth: 8, msbPacked: false)
+        let white = apply(rows601, SIMD3(1.0, 0.5, 0.5))
+        for i in 0..<3 {
+            XCTAssertEqual(white[i], 1.0, accuracy: 1e-5, "\(white)")
+        }
+        let red601 = apply(rows601, SIMD3(0.0, 0.5, 1.0))
+        XCTAssertEqual(red601[0], 2.0 * (1.0 - 0.299) * 0.5, accuracy: 1e-4, "\(red601)")
+        let rows709 = CscRows.rows(.init(matrix: 1, fullRange: true), depth: 8, msbPacked: false)
+        let red709 = apply(rows709, SIMD3(0.0, 0.5, 1.0))
+        XCTAssertEqual(red709[0], 2.0 * (1.0 - 0.2126) * 0.5, accuracy: 1e-4, "\(red709)")
+        XCTAssertGreaterThan(abs(red601[0] - red709[0]), 0.05)
+    }
+
+    /// Unspecified (2) and unknown matrix codes fall back to BT.709 — the same default as the
+    /// Rust side and every punktfunk host's implicit SDR baseline.
+    func testUnspecifiedFallsBackTo709() {
+        let unspec = CscRows.rows(.init(matrix: 2, fullRange: false), depth: 8, msbPacked: false)
+        let bt709 = CscRows.rows(.init(matrix: 1, fullRange: false), depth: 8, msbPacked: false)
+        XCTAssertEqual(unspec, bt709)
+    }
+
+    /// `signal(of:)` reads the matrix off the buffer's attachment (what VideoToolbox propagates
+    /// from the VUI) and the range off the pixel format — a 601-tagged buffer must come back as
+    /// matrix 5, an untagged one as unspecified (2), and a full-range sibling as fullRange.
+    func testSignalReadsAttachmentAndRange() throws {
+        func makeBuffer(_ format: OSType) throws -> CVPixelBuffer {
+            var pb: CVPixelBuffer?
+            let status = CVPixelBufferCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, 64, 64, format, nil, &pb)
+            guard status == kCVReturnSuccess, let pb else {
+                throw XCTSkip("could not allocate a \(format) pixel buffer")
+            }
+            return pb
+        }
+
+        let tagged = try makeBuffer(kCVPixelFormatType_420YpCbCr8BiPlanarVideoRange)
+        CVBufferSetAttachment(
+            tagged, kCVImageBufferYCbCrMatrixKey, kCVImageBufferYCbCrMatrix_ITU_R_601_4,
+            .shouldPropagate)
+        XCTAssertEqual(CscRows.signal(of: tagged), CscRows.Signal(matrix: 5, fullRange: false))
+
+        let untagged = try makeBuffer(kCVPixelFormatType_420YpCbCr8BiPlanarVideoRange)
+        XCTAssertEqual(CscRows.signal(of: untagged), CscRows.Signal(matrix: 2, fullRange: false))
+
+        let full = try makeBuffer(kCVPixelFormatType_420YpCbCr8BiPlanarFullRange)
+        CVBufferSetAttachment(
+            full, kCVImageBufferYCbCrMatrixKey, kCVImageBufferYCbCrMatrix_ITU_R_2020,
+            .shouldPropagate)
+        XCTAssertEqual(CscRows.signal(of: full), CscRows.Signal(matrix: 9, fullRange: true))
+    }
+}
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More