Files
punktfunk/crates/pf-capture/src/linux/xfixes_cursor.rs
T
enricobuehlerandClaude Opus 5 9a7b3a46d0 fix(pf-capture): gamescope cursor — auth without setenv, frame-space coords, live targets (2.5)
**2.5a (L4) — stop `set_var`ing `XAUTHORITY` from a live multithreaded host.** The old connect
swapped the process-global var around each `RustConnection::connect` under a mutex. That lock
serialises this source against itself and nothing else: `getenv` takes no lock, so every OTHER
thread's read raced it — and the concurrency is by construction, since `attach_gamescope_cursor`
runs while the PipeWire thread is starting up (libspa plugin load, EGL/CUDA init). The primary path
now parses the MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 entry out of the given file itself and hands it to
`DefaultStream::connect` + `RustConnection::connect_to_stream_with_auth_info` — the same two steps
`RustConnection::connect` performs internally, minus its env-derived auth lookup — so nothing in
this process touches the environment. The env swap survives only as a fallback for a file we cannot
parse, and a wrong cookie pick cannot do damage: the server rejects it and the fallback (which does
libxcb's full family/address match) takes over. Sharing `pf_vdisplay`'s process-wide env lock was
not the fix — wrong layer, and it would still not fix `getenv`.

**2.5b (L6) — publish the pointer in FRAME coordinates.** `QueryPointer` answers in the nested
root's space, but `CursorOverlay::x/y`'s contract is frame pixels, and gamescope's `-w/-h` (nested
root) and `-W/-H` (output + PipeWire node) are independent knobs — at `-W 1280 -H 720 -w 640 -h 360`
they differ by 2×, so the pointer drew at a fraction of its real position. The root size comes free
off the setup reply we already parse; the negotiated frame size arrives from the PipeWire thread's
`param_changed` through a new `Arc<AtomicU64>` (`0` = not negotiated ⇒ pass through, as before).
Scaling is computed in `i64` — a 5K coordinate times a 5K width overflows `i32`. Position only: the
bitmap stays at root scale, warned once so a mismatched session is visible.

**2.5c (L7) — the targets are a PROVIDER, not a snapshot.** The list was discovered once, before
the game launched. gamescope creates the game's Xwayland at launch and advertises only the FIRST in
any child's environ (verified on this box: `--xwayland-count 2` makes `:2` and `:3`, only `:2` is
advertised), so the game's display was invisible — and when the connected Big Picture display then
reported "gamescope is not drawing the pointer here", the source blanked the cursor for the whole
game session, which is the exact regression the module doc says it fixed. The worker now re-runs the
provider every 2 s: it adopts new Xwaylands, reconnects dead ones, and `spawn` no longer returns
`None` on an empty list — a stream that starts before the game converges instead of staying
cursorless. The provider is a host-facade closure, same one-way-edge shape as `FrameChannelSender`.

**2.5d (L8) — bound the teardown join.** `Drop` joined the worker unbounded while the worker blocks
in `RustConnection` replies with NO read timeout, so a peer that stops answering but keeps its
socket open hung capturer teardown — on the session path. Now: a completion channel,
`recv_timeout(250 ms)`, then detach with a warning (the thread only touches its own X connections
and an `Arc`'d slot).

7 new tests, all host-runnable: the cookie reader against a hostile `.Xauthority` (wrong protocol,
wrong display, wildcard entry, truncation mid-length-prefix, an over-long length prefix, a missing
file), display-string parsing, and the root→frame mapping incl. the 5K overflow. pf-capture 20/20;
workspace clippy --all-targets clean on Linux and windows-msvc. Phase 7.2 owes the on-glass
nested-gamescope validation.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-07-26 10:56:05 +02:00

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//! XFixes cursor source for the gamescope capture path (remote-desktop-sweep Phase C).
//!
//! gamescope draws the pointer on a DRM hardware-cursor plane and its `paint_pipewire()`
//! deliberately excludes the cursor from the frame it feeds its built-in PipeWire node — so
//! `SPA_META_Cursor` never arrives and the ordinary [`cursor_live`](super::PortalCapturer) slot
//! stays empty (a KWin/GNOME session gets its cursor from that meta; gamescope can't embed one
//! either, its `set_hw_cursor` is inert). We instead read the pointer from gamescope's nested
//! Xwayland via X11 — the trick Sunshine uses — and publish a [`CursorOverlay`] into that same
//! slot, so the encoder blend composites the pointer into the video exactly like the portal path.
//!
//! **Multiple Xwaylands.** gamescope runs one Xwayland per `--xwayland-count` (Steam Gaming Mode
//! uses 2: one for Big Picture, one for the game). The pointer lives on whichever is FOCUSED — an
//! inactive display's pointer is frozen. So the source connects to ALL of them and publishes from
//! the one gamescope is actually drawing the pointer on; it reads that display's shape too, since
//! each Xwayland has its own current cursor. This is why a single-display read froze the pointer
//! the moment a game on the OTHER Xwayland took focus.
//!
//! Three X sources per display, split by cost (Sunshine's split, plus gamescope's own verdict):
//! * **Position** — core `QueryPointer` on the root, polled fast. Cheap (a few-byte reply, no
//! bitmap), so it can out-pace the stream fps and keep the composited pointer smooth.
//! * **Shape / hotspot** — `XFixesGetCursorImage`, refreshed only after an XFixes `CursorNotify`
//! (a real cursor change). A fully-transparent image reads as hidden.
//! * **Visibility + focus** — [`GAMESCOPE_CURSOR_VISIBLE_FEEDBACK`](GS_CURSOR_FEEDBACK) on the
//! root, read at connect and re-read on its `PropertyNotify`.
//!
//! **Why the feedback atom and not pointer motion.** gamescope hides its pointer by WARPING the X
//! pointer to the root's bottom-right corner pixel — it does NOT swap in a transparent X cursor, so
//! `XFixesGetCursorImage` keeps handing back the last opaque arrow. The original "follow whichever
//! display's pointer moved" heuristic therefore stuck to the parked display (a parked pointer never
//! moves again) and composited that arrow at `(w-1, h-1)`: a sliver of cursor welded to the corner
//! of the stream for the rest of the session, while the real pointer went undrawn. Reported
//! on-glass as "part of cursor shows up on bottom right … isn't where it really is", in every game
//! (a game grabs the pointer, so the hide is permanent). Measured on a live 1920x1080 Gaming Mode
//! session: real motion ⇒ pointer live + feedback `1`; 3 s idle (`--hide-cursor-delay 3000`) ⇒
//! pointer `(1919, 1079)` + feedback `0`. The atom answers BOTH questions correctly for a static
//! pointer, which motion cannot: which Xwayland owns it, and whether to draw it at all — so
//! honouring it also gives the stream gamescope's own idle auto-hide, which this source never had.
use std::sync::{
atomic::{AtomicBool, AtomicU64, Ordering},
Arc, Mutex,
};
use std::time::Duration;
use pf_frame::CursorOverlay;
use x11rb::connection::Connection;
use x11rb::errors::ReplyError;
use x11rb::protocol::xfixes::{self, ConnectionExt as _, GetCursorImageReply};
use x11rb::protocol::xproto::{
Atom, AtomEnum, ChangeWindowAttributesAux, ConnectionExt as _, EventMask, QueryPointerReply,
Window,
};
use x11rb::protocol::Event;
use x11rb::rust_connection::{DefaultStream, RustConnection};
use crate::GamescopeCursorTargets;
/// Serializes the `XAUTHORITY` env swap of the LEGACY connect fallback (the var is process-global).
///
/// The fallback is a last resort now — see [`connect_conn`]. It serialises this source against
/// itself and nothing else: `getenv` needs no lock to be racy, so every OTHER thread's read (libspa
/// plugin load, EGL/CUDA init — concurrent by construction, since `attach_gamescope_cursor` runs
/// while the PipeWire thread is starting) could still observe the swapped value or a torn
/// environ. That is why the primary path parses the cookie itself and never touches the
/// environment.
static XAUTH_LOCK: Mutex<()> = Mutex::new(());
/// The `MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1` auth-protocol name, as it appears in an `.Xauthority` entry.
const MIT_MAGIC_COOKIE_1: &[u8] = b"MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1";
/// Re-run the targets provider this often: adopt Xwaylands that appeared after the stream started
/// (gamescope spawns the game's on launch and advertises only the first in any child's environ) and
/// retry ones whose connection died. Two seconds is far below a human's tolerance for a missing
/// pointer and costs one cheap socket probe per known display.
const REDISCOVER: Duration = Duration::from_secs(2);
/// Position out-paces the stream fps (`POLL`); shape rides `CursorNotify` events drained each tick.
/// 4 ms ≈ 250 Hz matches the Windows GDI poller — the polled position IS the composited position
/// and must out-run a 240 fps session or the pointer stutters.
const POLL: Duration = Duration::from_millis(4);
/// gamescope's own pointer verdict, published on EVERY nested Xwayland's root: `1` on the server
/// whose pointer gamescope is currently drawing, `0` on the others — and `0` on all of them once
/// the pointer is hidden (a game grabbed it, or `--hide-cursor-delay` fired). See the module docs
/// for why this, and not pointer motion, is the signal this source follows.
const GS_CURSOR_FEEDBACK: &str = "GAMESCOPE_CURSOR_VISIBLE_FEEDBACK";
/// Self-heal cadence for the feedback re-read: `PropertyNotify` drives it, this only covers a
/// missed/coalesced event (and a gamescope that publishes the atom after we connected). One
/// `GetProperty` per display per interval is nothing next to the 250 Hz pointer poll.
const FEEDBACK_RESYNC: Duration = Duration::from_millis(250);
/// A running XFixes cursor reader. Dropping it stops the worker thread and waits — bounded — for it
/// to release the X connections, so it lives (at most) as long as the capturer that owns it.
pub(super) struct XFixesCursorSource {
stop: Arc<AtomicBool>,
/// Signalled by the worker just before it returns — lets `Drop` bound its wait (see there).
done: std::sync::mpsc::Receiver<()>,
join: Option<std::thread::JoinHandle<()>>,
}
impl XFixesCursorSource {
/// Start publishing cursor overlays into `slot` from whichever of gamescope's nested Xwaylands
/// it is drawing the pointer on. `targets` is re-run every [`REDISCOVER`] to adopt Xwaylands
/// that appear later and retry dead ones; `frame_size` is the negotiated capture size, packed
/// `(w << 32) | h`, `0` until the first negotiation (see [`scale_to_frame`]).
///
/// Returns `None` only if the thread cannot be spawned. An empty or entirely-unusable target
/// list is NOT a failure: the worker idles and keeps re-running the provider, so a stream that
/// starts before the game converges instead of being cursorless for the session.
pub(super) fn spawn(
targets: GamescopeCursorTargets,
slot: Arc<Mutex<Option<CursorOverlay>>>,
frame_size: Arc<AtomicU64>,
) -> Option<Self> {
// First pass on the caller's thread: the common case connects here, so the log line below
// reports the real state instead of "starting…".
let mut displays = Vec::new();
rediscover(&mut displays, &targets, true);
let names: Vec<&str> = displays.iter().map(|d| d.name.as_str()).collect();
let feedback = displays.iter().any(|d| d.gs_visible.is_some());
if displays.is_empty() {
tracing::warn!(
"gamescope cursor: no usable nested Xwayland yet — retrying every {}s (a game's \
Xwayland appears when it launches)",
REDISCOVER.as_secs()
);
} else {
tracing::info!(
displays = ?names,
cursor_feedback = feedback,
"gamescope cursor: XFixes source live — following the Xwayland gamescope draws the \
pointer on (cursor_feedback=false ⇒ this gamescope publishes no \
GAMESCOPE_CURSOR_VISIBLE_FEEDBACK, degrading to the pointer-motion heuristic)"
);
}
let stop = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
let stop_worker = Arc::clone(&stop);
let (done_tx, done_rx) = std::sync::mpsc::sync_channel::<()>(1);
let join = std::thread::Builder::new()
.name("pf-gs-cursor".into())
.spawn(move || {
run(displays, slot, stop_worker, targets, frame_size);
let _ = done_tx.send(());
})
.ok()?;
Some(XFixesCursorSource {
stop,
done: done_rx,
join: Some(join),
})
}
}
impl Drop for XFixesCursorSource {
fn drop(&mut self) {
self.stop.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
// BOUNDED join. The worker blocks in `RustConnection` replies with no read timeout, so a
// peer that stops answering while keeping its socket open (a hung Xwayland) would hang
// capturer teardown — and teardown runs on the session path. On timeout we detach: the
// thread only ever touches its own X connections and an `Arc`'d slot, so leaving it to
// finish on its own is safe (it observes `stop` and exits the moment its reply lands).
let joinable = self.done.recv_timeout(Duration::from_millis(250)).is_ok();
if let Some(j) = self.join.take() {
if joinable {
let _ = j.join(); // returns at once: `done` already fired
} else {
tracing::warn!(
"gamescope cursor: worker did not stop within 250ms (blocked on an X reply?) — \
detaching it"
);
}
}
}
}
/// Re-run the targets provider and reconcile `displays` with it: connect to any target we do not
/// track yet, and re-connect one whose display died. Existing healthy displays are left alone, so
/// their shape cache and last position survive.
fn rediscover(displays: &mut Vec<XDisplay>, targets: &GamescopeCursorTargets, first: bool) {
for (dpy, xauth) in targets() {
let existing = displays.iter().position(|d| d.name == dpy);
if existing.is_some_and(|i| !displays[i].dead) {
continue;
}
match connect(&dpy, xauth.as_deref()) {
Ok((conn, root, root_size, feedback)) => {
let d = XDisplay::new(dpy.clone(), conn, root, root_size, feedback);
match existing {
Some(i) => {
tracing::info!(dpy = %dpy, "gamescope cursor: reconnected a nested Xwayland");
displays[i] = d;
}
None => {
if !first {
tracing::info!(dpy = %dpy, "gamescope cursor: adopted a new nested Xwayland");
}
displays.push(d);
}
}
}
// Debug, not warn: with a 2 s retry a warn would flood for every Xwayland a
// `--xwayland-count` reports but that never comes up.
Err(e) if first => tracing::warn!(
dpy = %dpy, error = %e,
"gamescope cursor: skipping a nested Xwayland we can't use (will retry)"
),
Err(e) => tracing::debug!(dpy = %dpy, error = %e, "gamescope cursor: retry failed"),
}
}
}
/// Open the X connection, negotiate XFixes, and select cursor-change + root-property events —
/// returning the connection, root window, the root's pixel size (for [`scale_to_frame`]) and this
/// display's initial [`GAMESCOPE_CURSOR_FEEDBACK`](GS_CURSOR_FEEDBACK) reading (`(atom, value)`;
/// the value is `None` when gamescope publishes no such property here).
type Connected = (RustConnection, Window, (u16, u16), (Atom, Option<bool>));
fn connect(dpy: &str, xauthority: Option<&str>) -> Result<Connected, String> {
let (conn, screen_num) = connect_conn(dpy, xauthority)?;
// XFixes ≥ 1 gives GetCursorImage / SelectCursorInput; ask for a modern minor, take what we get.
conn.xfixes_query_version(5, 0)
.map_err(ReplyError::from)
.and_then(|c| c.reply())
.map_err(|e| format!("XFixes unavailable: {e}"))?;
let screen = conn
.setup()
.roots
.get(screen_num)
.ok_or_else(|| format!("no X screen {screen_num}"))?;
let root = screen.root;
// gamescope's nested root can be a DIFFERENT size from the output/PipeWire node it publishes
// (`-w/-h` vs `-W/-H` are independent knobs), and this is the space `QueryPointer` answers in.
// Free here — the setup reply is already parsed.
let root_size = (screen.width_in_pixels, screen.height_in_pixels);
// Wake the worker's event drain whenever the cursor shape changes (incl. hide/show).
conn.xfixes_select_cursor_input(root, xfixes::CursorNotifyMask::DISPLAY_CURSOR)
.map_err(ReplyError::from)
.and_then(|c| c.check())
.map_err(|e| format!("SelectCursorInput: {e}"))?;
// …and whenever gamescope republishes its cursor verdict. Interned with `only_if_exists=false`
// so we hold a matchable atom id even on a gamescope that sets the property later; a failure to
// select PROPERTY_CHANGE is NOT fatal — the resync re-read still tracks it, just at 250 ms.
let feedback_atom = conn
.intern_atom(false, GS_CURSOR_FEEDBACK.as_bytes())
.map_err(ReplyError::from)
.and_then(|c| c.reply())
.map(|r| r.atom)
.unwrap_or(0);
if let Ok(c) = conn.change_window_attributes(
root,
&ChangeWindowAttributesAux::new().event_mask(EventMask::PROPERTY_CHANGE),
) {
let _ = c.check();
}
let _ = conn.flush();
let feedback = read_cursor_feedback(&conn, root, feedback_atom);
Ok((conn, root, root_size, (feedback_atom, feedback)))
}
/// Establish the X connection for `dpy` using `xauthority`'s cookie, WITHOUT touching this process's
/// environment.
///
/// `RustConnection::connect` reads `XAUTHORITY` from the env, so the original implementation
/// `set_var`'d it around each connect under [`XAUTH_LOCK`]. That is unsound from a live
/// multithreaded host: the lock serialises this source against itself, but `getenv` takes no lock,
/// so any concurrent reader (libspa's plugin load, EGL/CUDA init — running at exactly this moment,
/// since the PipeWire thread is starting up) could read the swapped value or race the environ
/// rewrite outright. The project already has a process-wide env-lock discipline elsewhere, but
/// sharing it would be the wrong layer AND would still not fix `getenv`.
///
/// So: parse the MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 entry out of the file ourselves and hand it to
/// `connect_to_stream_with_auth_info`, which is what `RustConnection::connect` does internally with
/// the cookie IT found. The env swap survives only as a fallback for a file we cannot parse (an
/// unexpected layout, or an auth family whose entry we decline to guess at).
fn connect_conn(dpy: &str, xauthority: Option<&str>) -> Result<(RustConnection, usize), String> {
let Some(path) = xauthority else {
// No per-display cookie file to inject: the ambient environment is already what this
// connect should use, so there is nothing to swap and nothing to parse.
return RustConnection::connect(Some(dpy)).map_err(|e| format!("connect: {e}"));
};
match mit_magic_cookie(path, dpy) {
Some((name, data)) => match connect_with_cookie(dpy, name, data) {
Ok(v) => return Ok(v),
Err(e) => tracing::debug!(
dpy = %dpy, xauthority = %path, error = %e,
"gamescope cursor: cookie connect failed — falling back to the XAUTHORITY env swap"
),
},
None => tracing::debug!(
dpy = %dpy, xauthority = %path,
"gamescope cursor: no MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 entry for this display — falling back to the \
XAUTHORITY env swap"
),
}
connect_via_env_swap(dpy, path)
}
/// Connect to `dpy` and complete the setup handshake with an explicit cookie — the same two steps
/// `RustConnection::connect` performs, minus its env-derived auth lookup.
fn connect_with_cookie(
dpy: &str,
auth_name: Vec<u8>,
auth_data: Vec<u8>,
) -> Result<(RustConnection, usize), String> {
let parsed = x11rb::reexports::x11rb_protocol::parse_display::parse_display(Some(dpy))
.map_err(|e| format!("parse display {dpy}: {e}"))?;
let screen = usize::from(parsed.screen);
let mut stream = None;
let mut last_err = None;
for addr in parsed.connect_instruction() {
match DefaultStream::connect(&addr) {
Ok((s, _peer)) => {
stream = Some(s);
break;
}
Err(e) => last_err = Some(e),
}
}
let stream = stream.ok_or_else(|| match last_err {
Some(e) => format!("connect: {e}"),
None => "connect: no usable address".to_string(),
})?;
RustConnection::connect_to_stream_with_auth_info(stream, screen, auth_name, auth_data)
.map(|c| (c, screen))
.map_err(|e| format!("setup: {e}"))
}
/// LEGACY fallback (see [`connect_conn`]): swap `XAUTHORITY`, connect, restore. Serialised against
/// this source's own concurrent connects, but NOT against other threads' `getenv` — which is why it
/// is a fallback and not the path taken.
fn connect_via_env_swap(dpy: &str, xauthority: &str) -> Result<(RustConnection, usize), String> {
let _g = XAUTH_LOCK.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner());
let prev = std::env::var_os("XAUTHORITY");
std::env::set_var("XAUTHORITY", xauthority);
let out = RustConnection::connect(Some(dpy));
match prev {
Some(p) => std::env::set_var("XAUTHORITY", p),
None => std::env::remove_var("XAUTHORITY"),
}
out.map_err(|e| format!("connect: {e}"))
}
/// The `MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1` `(name, data)` for `dpy` from the `.Xauthority`-format file at `path`.
///
/// Entry layout, all integers big-endian: `u16 family`, then four length-prefixed byte strings —
/// `address`, `number` (the display number in ASCII), `name`, `data`. An entry with an empty
/// `number` matches any display.
///
/// Deliberately does NOT match on family/address, unlike libxcb's own lookup. A gamescope Xwayland
/// gets its own single-entry cookie file, so there is nothing to disambiguate; and a wrong pick
/// cannot do damage — the server rejects the cookie, and [`connect_conn`] falls back to the env
/// path, which does the full match. Guessing the peer address for a `LOCAL`-family unix socket, on
/// the other hand, is exactly the sort of detail that would rot.
fn mit_magic_cookie(path: &str, dpy: &str) -> Option<(Vec<u8>, Vec<u8>)> {
let bytes = std::fs::read(path).ok()?;
let want = display_number(dpy);
// An entry whose `number` is empty matches any display — only used if no exact match is found.
let mut wildcard = None;
let mut p = 0usize;
'entries: while p + 2 <= bytes.len() {
p += 2; // family
let mut fields: [&[u8]; 4] = [&[]; 4];
for f in fields.iter_mut() {
let Some(lb) = bytes.get(p..p + 2) else {
break 'entries; // truncated — keep whatever we already found
};
let len = usize::from(u16::from_be_bytes([lb[0], lb[1]]));
p += 2;
let Some(v) = bytes.get(p..p + len) else {
break 'entries;
};
*f = v;
p += len;
}
let [_address, number, name, data] = fields;
if name != MIT_MAGIC_COOKIE_1 {
continue;
}
if want.as_deref().is_some_and(|w| number == w) {
return Some((name.to_vec(), data.to_vec()));
}
if number.is_empty() && wildcard.is_none() {
wildcard = Some((name.to_vec(), data.to_vec()));
}
}
wildcard
}
/// The display NUMBER of an X display string as ASCII bytes: `":2"`, `"host:2"` and `":2.0"` all
/// yield `b"2"`. `None` when there is no numeric display component to match on.
fn display_number(dpy: &str) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
let num = dpy.rsplit_once(':')?.1.split('.').next()?;
(!num.is_empty() && num.bytes().all(|b| b.is_ascii_digit())).then(|| num.as_bytes().to_vec())
}
/// Read `GAMESCOPE_CURSOR_VISIBLE_FEEDBACK` off `root`. `None` = the property is absent or
/// unreadable (not a gamescope that publishes it) — the caller then falls back to the pointer-motion
/// heuristic rather than blanking the cursor, so an older gamescope keeps today's behaviour.
fn read_cursor_feedback(conn: &RustConnection, root: Window, atom: Atom) -> Option<bool> {
if atom == 0 {
return None;
}
let reply = conn
.get_property(false, root, atom, AtomEnum::CARDINAL, 0, 1)
.ok()?
.reply()
.ok()?;
let value = reply.value32()?.next()?;
Some(value != 0)
}
/// One gamescope Xwayland the source tracks.
struct XDisplay {
name: String,
conn: RustConnection,
root: Window,
/// The nested root's size in pixels — the space `QueryPointer` reports in, which is NOT
/// necessarily the captured frame's (see [`scale_to_frame`]).
root_size: (u16, u16),
/// Last polled pointer position — a change since the previous tick marks this display FOCUSED.
last_pos: Option<(i32, i32)>,
/// Cached cursor shape, refreshed only after this display's XFixes `CursorNotify`.
shape: Shape,
/// A `CursorNotify` (or first read) is pending — fetch the shape when this display is active.
need_shape: bool,
/// Interned [`GS_CURSOR_FEEDBACK`] atom (`0` = intern failed — treated as absent).
feedback_atom: Atom,
/// gamescope's verdict for THIS display: `Some(true)` = it is drawing the pointer here,
/// `Some(false)` = it is not, `None` = this gamescope publishes no verdict at all.
gs_visible: Option<bool>,
/// The X connection died (game/Xwayland exited) — skip it.
dead: bool,
}
impl XDisplay {
fn new(
name: String,
conn: RustConnection,
root: Window,
root_size: (u16, u16),
(feedback_atom, gs_visible): (Atom, Option<bool>),
) -> Self {
XDisplay {
name,
conn,
root,
root_size,
last_pos: None,
shape: Shape::default(),
need_shape: true,
feedback_atom,
gs_visible,
dead: false,
}
}
/// Re-read gamescope's verdict, keeping a previously-seen one if the read fails (a transient
/// failure must not look like "this gamescope has no feedback" and re-arm the motion heuristic).
fn resync_feedback(&mut self) {
let fresh = read_cursor_feedback(&self.conn, self.root, self.feedback_atom);
if fresh.is_some() || self.gs_visible.is_none() {
self.gs_visible = fresh;
}
}
}
/// Cached cursor shape for one display.
#[derive(Default)]
struct Shape {
/// Straight-alpha RGBA (`w*h*4`, bytes R,G,B,A); empty before the first image arrives.
rgba: Arc<Vec<u8>>,
w: u32,
h: u32,
hot_x: u32,
hot_y: u32,
/// XFixes' own per-display cursor serial — bumps on every shape change.
serial: u64,
/// A hidden pointer arrives as an all-transparent image; kept so a position-only tick preserves
/// the last known visibility.
visible: bool,
}
/// Map a root-space pointer position into FRAME space.
///
/// `QueryPointer` answers in the nested root's coordinates, but `CursorOverlay::x/y`'s contract is
/// FRAME pixels — and gamescope's `-w/-h` (nested root) and `-W/-H` (output + PipeWire node) are
/// independent knobs. Measured on this box with gamescope 3.16.23 at `-W 1280 -H 720 -w 640 -h 360`
/// the two spaces differ by 2×, so publishing root coordinates verbatim drew the pointer at a
/// fraction of its real position. `frame` is `(0, 0)` until the PipeWire format negotiates, in which
/// case the position passes through unscaled — the same as before, and correct for the common case
/// where the two spaces agree.
///
/// The cursor BITMAP is not scaled: it stays at the shape's native size, so on a mismatched session
/// the pointer lands in the right place but is drawn at root scale.
fn scale_to_frame((x, y): (i32, i32), root: (u16, u16), frame: (u32, u32)) -> (i32, i32) {
let (rw, rh) = (u32::from(root.0), u32::from(root.1));
let (fw, fh) = frame;
if rw == 0 || rh == 0 || fw == 0 || fh == 0 || (rw, rh) == (fw, fh) {
return (x, y);
}
(
((i64::from(x) * i64::from(fw)) / i64::from(rw)) as i32,
((i64::from(y) * i64::from(fh)) / i64::from(rh)) as i32,
)
}
fn run(
mut displays: Vec<XDisplay>,
slot: Arc<Mutex<Option<CursorOverlay>>>,
stop: Arc<AtomicBool>,
targets: GamescopeCursorTargets,
frame_size: Arc<AtomicU64>,
) {
let mut last_discover = std::time::Instant::now();
let mut warned_scale = false;
let mut active = 0usize;
// The overlay serial must bump whenever the DRAWN cursor changes — either the active display's
// shape OR which display is active (per-display XFixes serials aren't comparable across
// displays, so switching could reuse a number and the encoder would keep the old texture).
let mut out_serial = 0u64;
let mut last_key = (usize::MAX, u64::MAX);
let mut warned_image = false;
let mut last_resync = std::time::Instant::now();
while !stop.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
// A missed/coalesced PropertyNotify would otherwise strand the verdict — re-read on a slow
// cadence so the source always converges (also picks the atom up if gamescope adds it late).
let resync = last_resync.elapsed() >= FEEDBACK_RESYNC;
if resync {
last_resync = std::time::Instant::now();
}
// Adopt Xwaylands that appeared since we started (a game's, above all) and retry dead ones.
if last_discover.elapsed() >= REDISCOVER {
last_discover = std::time::Instant::now();
rediscover(&mut displays, &targets, false);
}
// 1) Poll every display's pointer; note which moved since last tick (the fallback focus
// signal, used only when this gamescope publishes no cursor verdict).
let mut active_moved = false;
let mut other_moved: Option<usize> = None;
for (i, d) in displays.iter_mut().enumerate() {
if d.dead {
continue;
}
// Drain pending events. Two kinds are selected: XFixes CursorNotify (the shape
// changed) and root PropertyNotify (gamescope republished its cursor verdict, among
// the many other properties it keeps on the root — hence the atom match).
let mut need_feedback = resync;
loop {
match d.conn.poll_for_event() {
Ok(Some(Event::XfixesCursorNotify(_))) => d.need_shape = true,
Ok(Some(Event::PropertyNotify(ev))) => {
need_feedback |= d.feedback_atom != 0 && ev.atom == d.feedback_atom;
}
Ok(Some(_)) => {}
Ok(None) => break,
Err(_) => {
d.dead = true;
break;
}
}
}
if need_feedback && !d.dead {
d.resync_feedback();
}
match fetch_pointer(&d.conn, d.root) {
Ok(p) if p.same_screen => {
let pos = (i32::from(p.root_x), i32::from(p.root_y));
let moved = d.last_pos.is_some_and(|lp| lp != pos);
d.last_pos = Some(pos);
if moved {
if i == active {
active_moved = true;
} else if other_moved.is_none() {
other_moved = Some(i);
}
}
}
Ok(_) => {} // pointer on another screen — keep the last position.
Err(_) => d.dead = true,
}
}
// 2) Pick the display to publish from, and decide whether a pointer should be drawn at all.
let states: Vec<(bool, Option<bool>)> =
displays.iter().map(|d| (d.dead, d.gs_visible)).collect();
let hidden_by_gamescope;
(active, hidden_by_gamescope) = pick_active(&states, active, active_moved, other_moved);
if displays.get(active).is_none_or(|d| d.dead) {
match displays.iter().position(|d| !d.dead) {
Some(k) => active = k,
None => {
std::thread::sleep(POLL); // all connections dead — idle until Drop.
continue;
}
}
}
// 3) Fetch the active display's shape if a CursorNotify (or a focus switch) left it stale.
if displays[active].need_shape {
match fetch_cursor_image(&displays[active].conn) {
Ok(img) => {
update_shape(&mut displays[active].shape, &img);
displays[active].need_shape = false;
}
Err(e) => {
if !warned_image {
warned_image = true;
tracing::warn!(error = %e, "gamescope cursor: GetCursorImage failed — retrying");
}
}
}
}
// 4) Publish the ACTIVE display's pointer + shape (or clear the slot when it has no cursor
// of its own — so a focus switch never leaves the other display's stale pointer showing).
// A pointer gamescope is not drawing is published `visible: false`, NOT dropped: the
// encode loop overwrites the frame's overlay from this slot and strips invisible ones, so
// a `None` here would leave the last visible overlay standing on repeat frames.
let d = &displays[active];
let drawn = d.shape.visible && !hidden_by_gamescope;
// Root space → frame space (see `scale_to_frame`). The negotiated size arrives from the
// PipeWire thread's `param_changed`, packed `(w << 32) | h`; `0` = not negotiated yet.
let packed = frame_size.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
let frame = ((packed >> 32) as u32, packed as u32);
if !warned_scale
&& frame.0 != 0
&& (u32::from(d.root_size.0), u32::from(d.root_size.1)) != frame
{
warned_scale = true;
tracing::warn!(
dpy = %d.name,
root = %format!("{}x{}", d.root_size.0, d.root_size.1),
negotiated = %format!("{}x{}", frame.0, frame.1),
"gamescope cursor: the nested root and the captured frame are different sizes \
(gamescope -w/-h vs -W/-H) — scaling the pointer POSITION into frame space; the \
cursor bitmap stays at root scale"
);
}
let overlay = match (d.last_pos, d.shape.rgba.is_empty()) {
(Some(pos), false) => {
let (px, py) = scale_to_frame(pos, d.root_size, frame);
let key = (active, d.shape.serial);
if key != last_key {
out_serial += 1;
last_key = key;
}
Some(CursorOverlay {
// Top-left = pointer position hotspot (the overlay contract).
x: px - d.shape.hot_x as i32,
y: py - d.shape.hot_y as i32,
w: d.shape.w,
h: d.shape.h,
rgba: Arc::clone(&d.shape.rgba),
serial: out_serial,
hot_x: d.shape.hot_x,
hot_y: d.shape.hot_y,
visible: drawn,
})
}
_ => None,
};
if let Ok(mut s) = slot.lock() {
*s = overlay;
}
std::thread::sleep(POLL);
}
}
/// Which display to publish from, and whether gamescope is drawing NO pointer right now —
/// `(active, hidden)`. `states` is one `(dead, gs_visible)` per display, in `displays` order.
///
/// PREFERRED: gamescope's own verdict. It is authoritative for a STATIC pointer, which is exactly
/// the case motion cannot read — a game grabs the pointer, gamescope parks it in the bottom-right
/// corner, and "follow whichever moved" then never switches again (see the module docs).
///
/// FALLBACK, only when NO live display publishes the verdict: the original motion heuristic —
/// sticky to the active display while its pointer moves (no flapping), else follow another that
/// moved. `hidden` is never asserted on this path, so an older gamescope keeps today's behaviour.
fn pick_active(
states: &[(bool, Option<bool>)],
active: usize,
active_moved: bool,
other_moved: Option<usize>,
) -> (usize, bool) {
let live = |&(dead, _): &(bool, Option<bool>)| !dead;
if states.iter().filter(|s| live(s)).any(|(_, v)| v.is_some()) {
return match states.iter().position(|s| live(s) && s.1 == Some(true)) {
// gamescope is drawing the pointer here — publish from it.
Some(i) => (i, false),
// Drawing none of them (a game grabbed it, or the idle auto-hide fired). Keep `active`
// so the shape cache and last position stay warm for the re-show; the caller publishes
// the overlay `visible: false` instead of dropping it.
None => (active, true),
};
}
match other_moved {
Some(j) if !active_moved => (j, false),
_ => (active, false),
}
}
/// Update `shape` from a fresh `GetCursorImage` reply. A hidden pointer (all-transparent) keeps the
/// last bitmap (instant re-show) but flips visibility; the serial still bumps so the change shows.
fn update_shape(shape: &mut Shape, img: &GetCursorImageReply) {
let visible =
img.width > 0 && img.height > 0 && img.cursor_image.iter().any(|&p| (p >> 24) & 0xff != 0);
if visible {
shape.rgba = Arc::new(argb_premul_to_straight_rgba(&img.cursor_image));
shape.w = u32::from(img.width);
shape.h = u32::from(img.height);
shape.hot_x = u32::from(img.xhot);
shape.hot_y = u32::from(img.yhot);
}
shape.visible = visible;
shape.serial = u64::from(img.cursor_serial);
}
/// One request+reply — x11rb splits errors (the request is `ConnectionError`, `reply()` is
/// `ReplyError` which is `From<ConnectionError>`), so the request `?` converts into the reply error.
fn fetch_cursor_image(conn: &RustConnection) -> Result<GetCursorImageReply, ReplyError> {
conn.xfixes_get_cursor_image()?.reply()
}
fn fetch_pointer(conn: &RustConnection, root: Window) -> Result<QueryPointerReply, ReplyError> {
conn.query_pointer(root)?.reply()
}
/// XFixes cursor pixels are packed `0xAARRGGBB` with **premultiplied** alpha (the Xrender / Xcursor
/// convention). The overlay + both blend paths want **straight** alpha RGBA (R,G,B,A bytes), like
/// the `SPA_META_Cursor` path — so un-premultiply here. (If on-glass shows over-bright fringes the
/// source wasn't premultiplied after all; drop the divide.)
fn argb_premul_to_straight_rgba(argb: &[u32]) -> Vec<u8> {
let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(argb.len() * 4);
for &px in argb {
let a = (px >> 24) & 0xff;
let r = (px >> 16) & 0xff;
let g = (px >> 8) & 0xff;
let b = px & 0xff;
let (r, g, b) = match a {
0 => (0, 0, 0),
255 => (r, g, b),
a => (
((r * 255 + a / 2) / a).min(255),
((g * 255 + a / 2) / a).min(255),
((b * 255 + a / 2) / a).min(255),
),
};
out.extend_from_slice(&[r as u8, g as u8, b as u8, a as u8]);
}
out
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::{
display_number, mit_magic_cookie, pick_active, scale_to_frame, MIT_MAGIC_COOKIE_1,
};
/// One `.Xauthority` entry in wire form: `u16 family` + four length-prefixed byte strings.
fn entry(family: u16, address: &[u8], number: &[u8], name: &[u8], data: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
let mut v = family.to_be_bytes().to_vec();
for f in [address, number, name, data] {
v.extend_from_slice(&(f.len() as u16).to_be_bytes());
v.extend_from_slice(f);
}
v
}
fn write_xauth(bytes: &[u8]) -> std::path::PathBuf {
// The scratch file lives beside the test binary's temp dir; unique per call via the address
// of a local (no rand dependency, and the tests do not run concurrently on one path).
let mut p = std::env::temp_dir();
let uniq = format!(
"pf-xauth-test-{}-{:p}",
std::process::id(),
bytes as *const [u8]
);
p.push(uniq);
std::fs::write(&p, bytes).expect("write scratch xauth");
p
}
#[test]
fn display_number_handles_every_display_spelling() {
assert_eq!(display_number(":2").as_deref(), Some(&b"2"[..]));
assert_eq!(display_number(":2.0").as_deref(), Some(&b"2"[..]));
assert_eq!(display_number("host:13.1").as_deref(), Some(&b"13"[..]));
// Nothing to match on — the caller then accepts only a wildcard entry.
assert_eq!(display_number("bogus"), None);
assert_eq!(display_number(":"), None);
assert_eq!(display_number(":abc"), None);
}
/// The cookie reader is the one PARSER in this file fed a file we did not write, so it gets the
/// hostile-input treatment: exact-match, wildcard fallback, skipping other auth protocols, and
/// truncation.
#[test]
fn mit_magic_cookie_picks_the_matching_entry() {
let mut file = Vec::new();
// A different protocol on the display we want — must be skipped, not returned.
file.extend(entry(256, b"host", b"2", b"XDM-AUTHORIZATION-1", b"nope"));
// Another display's cookie.
file.extend(entry(
256,
b"host",
b"7",
MIT_MAGIC_COOKIE_1,
b"other-display",
));
// Ours.
file.extend(entry(256, b"host", b"2", MIT_MAGIC_COOKIE_1, b"the-cookie"));
let p = write_xauth(&file);
let got = mit_magic_cookie(p.to_str().unwrap(), ":2");
assert_eq!(
got,
Some((MIT_MAGIC_COOKIE_1.to_vec(), b"the-cookie".to_vec()))
);
// A display with no entry at all yields nothing (⇒ the caller falls back to the env path).
assert_eq!(mit_magic_cookie(p.to_str().unwrap(), ":9"), None);
let _ = std::fs::remove_file(p);
}
#[test]
fn mit_magic_cookie_falls_back_to_a_wildcard_entry() {
// An empty `number` matches any display — but an exact match still wins.
let mut file = entry(256, b"host", b"", MIT_MAGIC_COOKIE_1, b"wildcard");
file.extend(entry(256, b"host", b"3", MIT_MAGIC_COOKIE_1, b"exact"));
let p = write_xauth(&file);
let path = p.to_str().unwrap();
assert_eq!(
mit_magic_cookie(path, ":3").map(|(_, d)| d),
Some(b"exact".to_vec())
);
assert_eq!(
mit_magic_cookie(path, ":4").map(|(_, d)| d),
Some(b"wildcard".to_vec())
);
let _ = std::fs::remove_file(p);
}
#[test]
fn a_truncated_xauthority_keeps_what_it_already_parsed() {
let mut file = entry(256, b"host", b"", MIT_MAGIC_COOKIE_1, b"wildcard");
// A second entry cut off mid-length-prefix.
file.extend(entry(256, b"host", b"5", MIT_MAGIC_COOKIE_1, b"truncated"));
file.truncate(file.len() - 4);
let p = write_xauth(&file);
// No panic, no over-read: the wildcard found before the truncation still serves.
assert_eq!(
mit_magic_cookie(p.to_str().unwrap(), ":5").map(|(_, d)| d),
Some(b"wildcard".to_vec())
);
let _ = std::fs::remove_file(p);
}
#[test]
fn a_garbage_xauthority_is_declined_not_fatal() {
// A length prefix that claims far more than the file holds.
let p = write_xauth(&[0, 0, 0xff, 0xff, 1, 2, 3]);
assert_eq!(mit_magic_cookie(p.to_str().unwrap(), ":0"), None);
let _ = std::fs::remove_file(p);
// A missing file is simply "no cookie".
assert_eq!(mit_magic_cookie("/nonexistent/pf-xauth", ":0"), None);
}
/// L6: gamescope's `-w/-h` (nested root, the space `QueryPointer` answers in) and `-W/-H`
/// (output + PipeWire node, the space `CursorOverlay` is contracted in) are independent.
#[test]
fn pointer_positions_are_mapped_into_frame_space() {
// The measured case: root 640x360 inside a 1280x720 output — 2x.
assert_eq!(
scale_to_frame((320, 180), (640, 360), (1280, 720)),
(640, 360)
);
assert_eq!(scale_to_frame((0, 0), (640, 360), (1280, 720)), (0, 0));
// Down-scaling works the same way.
assert_eq!(
scale_to_frame((1280, 720), (1280, 720), (640, 360)),
(640, 360)
);
// Equal spaces are a pass-through (the common case — no rounding drift).
assert_eq!(scale_to_frame((7, 9), (1920, 1080), (1920, 1080)), (7, 9));
// Not negotiated yet, or a degenerate root: pass through rather than divide by zero.
assert_eq!(scale_to_frame((7, 9), (1920, 1080), (0, 0)), (7, 9));
assert_eq!(scale_to_frame((7, 9), (0, 0), (1920, 1080)), (7, 9));
}
/// A 5K frame times a 5K coordinate overflows `i32` — the scale must be computed wide.
#[test]
fn scaling_does_not_overflow_at_5k() {
assert_eq!(
scale_to_frame((2879, 1619), (2880, 1620), (5120, 2880)),
(5118, 2878)
);
}
/// Steam Gaming Mode shape: display 0 = Big Picture's Xwayland, 1 = the game's.
const BPM: usize = 0;
const GAME: usize = 1;
#[test]
fn follows_the_display_gamescope_draws_on() {
// Verdict beats motion: gamescope says the game's Xwayland owns the pointer, so we publish
// from it even though only BPM's (parked) pointer looks like it moved.
let states = [(false, Some(false)), (false, Some(true))];
assert_eq!(pick_active(&states, BPM, false, Some(BPM)), (GAME, false));
}
/// THE REGRESSION: gamescope hides the pointer by warping it to the root's bottom-right corner
/// and leaves the opaque arrow as the X cursor. Nothing moves ever again, so the motion
/// heuristic stayed on the parked display and composited that arrow at (w-1, h-1) — a sliver of
/// cursor welded to the corner of the stream for the whole session, in every game.
#[test]
fn a_pointer_gamescope_draws_nowhere_is_hidden_not_parked() {
let states = [(false, Some(false)), (false, Some(false))];
// `active` is kept (shape cache + last position stay warm for the re-show) but hidden.
assert_eq!(pick_active(&states, GAME, false, None), (GAME, true));
}
#[test]
fn re_show_returns_to_the_drawing_display() {
let states = [(false, Some(true)), (false, Some(false))];
assert_eq!(pick_active(&states, GAME, false, None), (BPM, false));
}
#[test]
fn a_dead_displays_verdict_is_ignored() {
// The game's Xwayland exited mid-session with a stale `Some(true)`; BPM is the live one.
let states = [(false, Some(true)), (true, Some(true))];
assert_eq!(pick_active(&states, GAME, false, None), (BPM, false));
// …and a dead display's `Some` must not count as "this gamescope publishes a verdict",
// which would blank the cursor forever on a gamescope that publishes none.
let states = [(false, None), (true, Some(false))];
assert_eq!(pick_active(&states, BPM, false, Some(GAME)), (GAME, false));
}
#[test]
fn no_verdict_falls_back_to_the_motion_heuristic() {
let none = [(false, None), (false, None)];
// Sticky while the active display's own pointer moves…
assert_eq!(pick_active(&none, BPM, true, Some(GAME)), (BPM, false));
// …otherwise follow the one that moved…
assert_eq!(pick_active(&none, BPM, false, Some(GAME)), (GAME, false));
// …and never assert `hidden` on this path (that would regress an older gamescope to a
// cursorless stream).
assert_eq!(pick_active(&none, BPM, false, None), (BPM, false));
}
}