refactor(host/W6.2): extract the input-injection backends into the pf-inject crate

inject.rs + inject/* (the per-OS injectors — wlroots virtual-input, KWin
fake_input, libei/reis, gamescope-EI on Linux; SendInput on Windows — plus the
virtual-gamepad HID stack: DualSense/DualShock4/Switch Pro/Steam Controller/Deck
over uhid/usbip and the Windows UMDF drivers, the proto codecs, the injector
service, and the uhid manager) move into crates/pf-inject behind the
InputInjector trait (plan §W6). It consumes punktfunk_core::input (the neutral
GamepadEvent/InputEvent vocabulary, moved to core in W5) + the pf-driver-proto
wire contract, and reaches pf-capture only for the Windows gamepad-channel
WUDFHost check + the resident-mouse compose-kick hook.

The one inject->vdisplay coupling (the libei gamescope-EI backend needs the EIS
relay socket path) is broken via a leaf: gamescope_ei_socket_file moves to
pf-paths as the shared contract — the gamescope producer (host vdisplay) keeps
its session-env-lock wrapper around it, the libei consumer (pf-inject) reads it
directly post-retarget. The host keeps a `mod inject { pub use pf_inject::* }`
shim so every crate::inject::* path (the native/gamestream input planes + devtest)
is unchanged; the heavy input deps (wayland/reis/xkbcommon/usbip + the KWin
fake-input protocol XML) moved with the crate.

Verified: Linux clippy -D warnings (pf-inject + host nvenc,vulkan-encode,pyrowave
--all-targets) + pf-inject 69/69 + host 230/230 tests; Windows clippy -D warnings
(pf-inject --all-targets + host nvenc,amf-qsv --all-targets) Finished exit 0.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
2026-07-17 11:52:02 +02:00
parent 0992548de7
commit f6c6e4e594
43 changed files with 199 additions and 73 deletions
+126
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//! Per-pad dedup for the rich HID-output feedback plane (0xCD), carved out of `dualsense_proto`
//! (plan §W4 — it is device-agnostic, shared by the DualSense/DS4/Deck managers via
//! [`crate::uhid_manager`], not DualSense-specific). A game bundles rumble + lightbar +
//! LEDs + adaptive triggers into one output report, so a merely-rumbling pad re-sends unchanged
//! rich state every report; this forwards only genuine changes (one-shot pulses always fire).
use punktfunk_core::quic::HidOutput;
/// Per-pad dedup for the DualSense HID-output feedback plane (0xCD). A game's DualSense output report
/// bundles rumble + lightbar + player-LEDs + adaptive-triggers into one report, so a pad that is
/// merely *rumbling* re-sends its (unchanged) lightbar / LED / trigger state on every output report.
/// The managers already dedup rumble; this does the same for the rich [`HidOutput`] feedback so the
/// 0xCD plane carries only genuine changes. State (`Led` / `PlayerLeds` / `Trigger`) is deduped by
/// value; a one-shot `TrackpadHaptic` pulse is always forwarded (each pulse must fire).
#[derive(Clone, Default)]
pub struct HidoutDedup {
led: Option<(u8, u8, u8)>,
player_leds: Option<u8>,
/// Last-forwarded adaptive-trigger effect per side: `[0]` = L2, `[1]` = R2.
trigger: [Option<Vec<u8>>; 2],
}
impl HidoutDedup {
/// Forget all remembered state — call when a pad is created or unplugged so the first feedback
/// after a (re)connect is always forwarded.
pub fn clear(&mut self) {
*self = HidoutDedup::default();
}
/// Whether `h` should be forwarded: `true` for a genuine change (remembering the new value) or a
/// one-shot pulse; `false` if it repeats the last-forwarded value for its kind.
pub fn should_forward(&mut self, h: &HidOutput) -> bool {
match h {
HidOutput::Led { r, g, b, .. } => {
let v = Some((*r, *g, *b));
if self.led == v {
false
} else {
self.led = v;
true
}
}
HidOutput::PlayerLeds { bits, .. } => {
let v = Some(*bits);
if self.player_leds == v {
false
} else {
self.player_leds = v;
true
}
}
HidOutput::Trigger { which, effect, .. } => {
let slot = (*which as usize).min(1);
if self.trigger[slot].as_deref() == Some(effect.as_slice()) {
false
} else {
self.trigger[slot] = Some(effect.clone());
true
}
}
// One-shot haptic pulse (Steam voice-coil) — state-less, always fires.
HidOutput::TrackpadHaptic { .. } => true,
// Raw as-is passthrough reports must NEVER dedup: the physical device's firmware
// watchdogs RELY on identical periodic refreshes (Triton rumble re-sent every ~40 ms
// against a ~50 ms safety timeout, lizard-off every ~3 s) — dropping a repeat would
// silence the motors / re-enable lizard mode on the real controller.
HidOutput::HidRaw { .. } => true,
}
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
/// `HidoutDedup` forwards a value once, drops exact repeats, re-forwards a change, tracks the two
/// trigger sides independently, never dedups one-shot haptic pulses, and re-arms after `clear`.
#[test]
fn hidout_dedup_forwards_only_changes() {
let mut d = HidoutDedup::default();
let led = |r| HidOutput::Led {
pad: 0,
r,
g: 0,
b: 0,
};
// First value forwards; an exact repeat is dropped; a change forwards again.
assert!(d.should_forward(&led(10)));
assert!(!d.should_forward(&led(10)));
assert!(d.should_forward(&led(20)));
// Player LEDs dedup on their own field, independent of the lightbar.
let pl = |bits| HidOutput::PlayerLeds { pad: 0, bits };
assert!(d.should_forward(&pl(0b101)));
assert!(!d.should_forward(&pl(0b101)));
assert!(!d.should_forward(&led(20))); // lightbar still unchanged
// The two adaptive triggers (L2=0, R2=1) are tracked separately.
let trig = |which, byte| HidOutput::Trigger {
pad: 0,
which,
effect: vec![byte, 0, 0],
};
assert!(d.should_forward(&trig(0, 1)));
assert!(d.should_forward(&trig(1, 1))); // same bytes, other side → still forwards
assert!(!d.should_forward(&trig(0, 1)));
assert!(d.should_forward(&trig(0, 2))); // L2 effect changed
// One-shot haptic pulses are never deduped.
let haptic = HidOutput::TrackpadHaptic {
pad: 0,
side: 0,
amplitude: 1,
period: 2,
count: 3,
};
assert!(d.should_forward(&haptic));
assert!(d.should_forward(&haptic));
// `clear` re-arms every kind.
d.clear();
assert!(d.should_forward(&led(20)));
assert!(d.should_forward(&pl(0b101)));
assert!(d.should_forward(&trig(0, 2)));
}
}
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//! Key/button mapping tables (plan §W4, carved out of the inject facade): the Windows Virtual-Key
//! → Linux-evdev keyboard map (mirrored bit-for-bit by the Windows SendInput positional table), the
//! GameStream mouse-button → evdev `BTN_*` map, and the in-process semantic-VK flag. Pure lookup
//! tables — no state, no OS handles.
/// In-process tag on a key event's `flags`: the VK in `code` is **layout-semantic** (already
/// resolved under the sending client's keyboard layout — the GameStream/Moonlight convention)
/// rather than the punktfunk-native **US-positional** convention (the physical key's US-layout VK,
/// which every first-party client sends — the client's local layout never touches the wire).
/// The Windows injector maps semantic VKs through the foreground app's layout and positional VKs
/// through a fixed table; conflating the two is exactly the German y↔z / ö→ü scramble.
/// Set ONLY by `gamestream::input::decode`; the punktfunk/1 ingest strips it from wire events, so
/// a network client can never flip the host's key-decoding convention.
pub const KEY_FLAG_SEMANTIC_VK: u32 = 0x8000_0000;
/// Map a Windows Virtual-Key code (as sent by Moonlight/GameStream) to a Linux evdev key code.
pub fn vk_to_evdev(vk: u8) -> Option<u16> {
match vk {
// --- Navigation / editing / whitespace ---
0x08 => Some(14), // VK_BACK -> KEY_BACKSPACE
0x09 => Some(15), // VK_TAB -> KEY_TAB
0x0D => Some(28), // VK_RETURN -> KEY_ENTER
0x13 => Some(119), // VK_PAUSE -> KEY_PAUSE
0x14 => Some(58), // VK_CAPITAL -> KEY_CAPSLOCK
0x1B => Some(1), // VK_ESCAPE -> KEY_ESC
0x20 => Some(57), // VK_SPACE -> KEY_SPACE
0x21 => Some(104), // VK_PRIOR -> KEY_PAGEUP
0x22 => Some(109), // VK_NEXT -> KEY_PAGEDOWN
0x23 => Some(107), // VK_END -> KEY_END
0x24 => Some(102), // VK_HOME -> KEY_HOME
0x25 => Some(105), // VK_LEFT -> KEY_LEFT
0x26 => Some(103), // VK_UP -> KEY_UP
0x27 => Some(106), // VK_RIGHT -> KEY_RIGHT
0x28 => Some(108), // VK_DOWN -> KEY_DOWN
0x2C => Some(99), // VK_SNAPSHOT -> KEY_SYSRQ
0x2D => Some(110), // VK_INSERT -> KEY_INSERT
0x2E => Some(111), // VK_DELETE -> KEY_DELETE
// --- Generic modifiers ---
0x10 => Some(42), // VK_SHIFT -> KEY_LEFTSHIFT
0x11 => Some(29), // VK_CONTROL -> KEY_LEFTCTRL
0x12 => Some(56), // VK_MENU -> KEY_LEFTALT
// --- Digit row (KEY_0 is 11, KEY_1..KEY_9 are 2..10) ---
0x30 => Some(11), // VK_0
0x31 => Some(2), // VK_1
0x32 => Some(3), // VK_2
0x33 => Some(4), // VK_3
0x34 => Some(5), // VK_4
0x35 => Some(6), // VK_5
0x36 => Some(7), // VK_6
0x37 => Some(8), // VK_7
0x38 => Some(9), // VK_8
0x39 => Some(10), // VK_9
// --- Letters A-Z (NOT sequential in evdev) ---
0x41 => Some(30), // A
0x42 => Some(48), // B
0x43 => Some(46), // C
0x44 => Some(32), // D
0x45 => Some(18), // E
0x46 => Some(33), // F
0x47 => Some(34), // G
0x48 => Some(35), // H
0x49 => Some(23), // I
0x4A => Some(36), // J
0x4B => Some(37), // K
0x4C => Some(38), // L
0x4D => Some(50), // M
0x4E => Some(49), // N
0x4F => Some(24), // O
0x50 => Some(25), // P
0x51 => Some(16), // Q
0x52 => Some(19), // R
0x53 => Some(31), // S
0x54 => Some(20), // T
0x55 => Some(22), // U
0x56 => Some(47), // V
0x57 => Some(17), // W
0x58 => Some(45), // X
0x59 => Some(21), // Y
0x5A => Some(44), // Z
// --- Meta / context-menu ---
0x5B => Some(125), // VK_LWIN -> KEY_LEFTMETA
0x5C => Some(126), // VK_RWIN -> KEY_RIGHTMETA
0x5D => Some(127), // VK_APPS -> KEY_COMPOSE
// --- Numpad ---
0x60 => Some(82), // KP0
0x61 => Some(79), // KP1
0x62 => Some(80), // KP2
0x63 => Some(81), // KP3
0x64 => Some(75), // KP4
0x65 => Some(76), // KP5
0x66 => Some(77), // KP6
0x67 => Some(71), // KP7
0x68 => Some(72), // KP8
0x69 => Some(73), // KP9
0x6A => Some(55), // VK_MULTIPLY -> KEY_KPASTERISK
0x6B => Some(78), // VK_ADD -> KEY_KPPLUS
0x6C => Some(96), // VK_SEPARATOR -> KEY_KPENTER
0x6D => Some(74), // VK_SUBTRACT -> KEY_KPMINUS
0x6E => Some(83), // VK_DECIMAL -> KEY_KPDOT
0x6F => Some(98), // VK_DIVIDE -> KEY_KPSLASH
// --- Function keys (F1..F10 = 59..68, F11/F12 = 87/88) ---
0x70 => Some(59),
0x71 => Some(60),
0x72 => Some(61),
0x73 => Some(62),
0x74 => Some(63),
0x75 => Some(64),
0x76 => Some(65),
0x77 => Some(66),
0x78 => Some(67),
0x79 => Some(68),
0x7A => Some(87),
0x7B => Some(88),
// --- Locks ---
0x90 => Some(69), // VK_NUMLOCK -> KEY_NUMLOCK
0x91 => Some(70), // VK_SCROLL -> KEY_SCROLLLOCK
// --- Left/right modifiers ---
0xA0 => Some(42), // VK_LSHIFT -> KEY_LEFTSHIFT
0xA1 => Some(54), // VK_RSHIFT -> KEY_RIGHTSHIFT
0xA2 => Some(29), // VK_LCONTROL -> KEY_LEFTCTRL
0xA3 => Some(97), // VK_RCONTROL -> KEY_RIGHTCTRL
0xA4 => Some(56), // VK_LMENU -> KEY_LEFTALT
0xA5 => Some(100), // VK_RMENU -> KEY_RIGHTALT
// --- OEM punctuation (US layout) ---
0xBA => Some(39), // VK_OEM_1 -> KEY_SEMICOLON
0xBB => Some(13), // VK_OEM_PLUS -> KEY_EQUAL
0xBC => Some(51), // VK_OEM_COMMA -> KEY_COMMA
0xBD => Some(12), // VK_OEM_MINUS -> KEY_MINUS
0xBE => Some(52), // VK_OEM_PERIOD -> KEY_DOT
0xBF => Some(53), // VK_OEM_2 -> KEY_SLASH
0xC0 => Some(41), // VK_OEM_3 -> KEY_GRAVE
0xDB => Some(26), // VK_OEM_4 -> KEY_LEFTBRACE
0xDC => Some(43), // VK_OEM_5 -> KEY_BACKSLASH
0xDD => Some(27), // VK_OEM_6 -> KEY_RIGHTBRACE
0xDE => Some(40), // VK_OEM_7 -> KEY_APOSTROPHE
0xE2 => Some(86), // VK_OEM_102 -> KEY_102ND
_ => None,
}
}
/// Map a GameStream mouse button id (1=left … 5=X2) to a Linux evdev `BTN_*` code.
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
pub(crate) fn gs_button_to_evdev(b: u32) -> Option<u32> {
Some(match b {
1 => 0x110, // BTN_LEFT
2 => 0x112, // BTN_MIDDLE
3 => 0x111, // BTN_RIGHT
4 => 0x113, // BTN_SIDE (X1)
5 => 0x114, // BTN_EXTRA (X2)
_ => return None,
})
}
@@ -0,0 +1,658 @@
//! Virtual Sony DualSense via UHID — the rich-controller path (roadmap §5).
//!
//! Unlike the uinput X-Box-360 pad ([`super::gamepad`]), which only carries buttons + axes + a
//! rumble back-channel, a UHID device presents a *real* DualSense HID interface to the kernel:
//! `hid-playstation` binds it (matched by VID `054C`/PID `0CE6`) and exposes the full controller
//! — gamepad, motion sensors, touchpad, lightbar + player LEDs, and adaptive triggers — to games.
//! The host writes HID **input** reports (report `0x01`, our controller state) and reads HID
//! **output** reports (report `0x02`, a game's rumble/LED/trigger feedback) back, which it
//! forwards to the client as [`punktfunk_core::quic::HidOutput`].
//!
//! The transport-independent contract (report descriptor, feature blobs, [`DsState`], the `0x01`
//! serializer and `0x02` parser) lives in [`super::dualsense_proto`], shared with the Windows
//! UMDF-driver backend; this module is just the `/dev/uhid` plumbing around it.
use super::dualsense_proto::{
ds_pairing_reply, edge_paddle_bits, parse_ds_output, serialize_state, DsFeedback, DsState,
DS_EDGE_PRODUCT, DS_FEATURE_CALIBRATION, DS_FEATURE_FIRMWARE, DS_INPUT_REPORT_LEN, DS_PRODUCT,
DS_TOUCH_H, DS_TOUCH_W, DS_VENDOR, DUALSENSE_EDGE_RDESC, DUALSENSE_RDESC,
};
use crate::uhid_manager::{PadFeedback, PadProto, UhidManager};
use anyhow::{Context, Result};
use punktfunk_core::quic::RichInput;
use std::fs::{File, OpenOptions};
use std::io::{Read, Write};
use std::os::unix::fs::OpenOptionsExt;
// /dev/uhid event ABI (linux/uhid.h). `struct uhid_event` is __packed__: a u32 `type` then a
// union whose largest member is uhid_create2_req (128+64+64 + 2+2 + 4*4 + rd_data[4096] = 4372).
const UHID_PATH: &str = "/dev/uhid";
const UHID_DESTROY: u32 = 1;
const UHID_OUTPUT: u32 = 6;
const UHID_GET_REPORT: u32 = 9;
const UHID_GET_REPORT_REPLY: u32 = 10;
const UHID_CREATE2: u32 = 11;
const UHID_INPUT2: u32 = 12;
const UHID_SET_REPORT: u32 = 13;
const UHID_SET_REPORT_REPLY: u32 = 14;
const HID_MAX_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE: usize = 4096;
const UHID_EVENT_SIZE: usize = 4 + 4372; // type + union (create2)
const BUS_USB: u16 = 0x03;
/// Copy a NUL-padded C string field into the event buffer.
fn put_cstr(ev: &mut [u8], off: usize, cap: usize, s: &str) {
let n = s.len().min(cap - 1);
ev[off..off + n].copy_from_slice(&s.as_bytes()[..n]); // rest already zero (NUL-terminated)
}
/// The UHID identity a [`DualSensePad`] is created with — the plain DualSense or the Edge (same
/// driver, same report codec; the Edge differs by PID + descriptor and carries the four extra
/// `buttons[2]` bits). Mirrors the uinput pad's `PadIdentity` shape.
pub struct DsUhidIdentity {
product: u32,
rdesc: &'static [u8],
/// Device name prefix ("Punktfunk <name> <index>").
name: &'static str,
/// Path token for the phys string ("punktfunk/<phys>/<index>").
phys: &'static str,
/// Short slug for the uniq string ("punktfunk-<slug>-<index>").
slug: &'static str,
}
impl DsUhidIdentity {
pub const fn dualsense() -> DsUhidIdentity {
DsUhidIdentity {
product: DS_PRODUCT,
rdesc: DUALSENSE_RDESC,
name: "DualSense",
phys: "dualsense",
slug: "ds",
}
}
pub const fn dualsense_edge() -> DsUhidIdentity {
DsUhidIdentity {
product: DS_EDGE_PRODUCT,
rdesc: DUALSENSE_EDGE_RDESC,
name: "DualSense Edge",
phys: "dualsense-edge",
slug: "dsedge",
}
}
}
/// A virtual DualSense / DualSense Edge backed by `/dev/uhid` (hand-rolled codec — no bindgen,
/// mirroring the uinput pad's style). Dropping it destroys the device (the kernel tears down the
/// bound `hid-playstation` interface).
pub struct DualSensePad {
fd: File,
seq: u8,
ts: u32,
}
impl DualSensePad {
/// Create the UHID pad for wire index `index` under `id`'s identity (`index` is used only to
/// make the device name/uniq unique).
pub fn open(index: u8, id: &DsUhidIdentity) -> Result<DualSensePad> {
let fd = OpenOptions::new()
.read(true)
.write(true)
.custom_flags(libc::O_NONBLOCK)
.open(UHID_PATH)
.with_context(|| {
format!("open {UHID_PATH} (is the 60-punktfunk.rules uhid rule installed + are you in 'input'?)")
})?;
let mut ds = DualSensePad { fd, seq: 0, ts: 0 };
ds.send_create2(index, id)
.context("UHID_CREATE2 DualSense")?;
Ok(ds)
}
/// Send UHID_CREATE2 under `id`'s identity. The uniq written here is cosmetic:
/// `hid-playstation` replaces it with the MAC from the pairing feature report (see
/// [`ds_pairing_reply`]) as soon as it binds.
fn send_create2(&mut self, index: u8, id: &DsUhidIdentity) -> Result<()> {
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_CREATE2.to_ne_bytes());
// union (uhid_create2_req) starts at byte 4.
put_cstr(&mut ev, 4, 128, &format!("Punktfunk {} {index}", id.name)); // name[128]
put_cstr(&mut ev, 132, 64, &format!("punktfunk/{}/{index}", id.phys)); // phys[64]
put_cstr(&mut ev, 196, 64, &format!("punktfunk-{}-{index}", id.slug)); // uniq[64]
ev[260..262].copy_from_slice(&(id.rdesc.len() as u16).to_ne_bytes()); // rd_size
ev[262..264].copy_from_slice(&BUS_USB.to_ne_bytes()); // bus
ev[264..268].copy_from_slice(&DS_VENDOR.to_ne_bytes());
ev[268..272].copy_from_slice(&id.product.to_ne_bytes());
ev[272..276].copy_from_slice(&0x0100u32.to_ne_bytes()); // version
ev[276..280].copy_from_slice(&0u32.to_ne_bytes()); // country
ev[280..280 + id.rdesc.len()].copy_from_slice(id.rdesc); // rd_data
self.fd.write_all(&ev).context("write UHID_CREATE2")?;
Ok(())
}
/// Serialize `st` into report `0x01` and write it to the kernel (UHID_INPUT2).
pub fn write_state(&mut self, st: &DsState) -> Result<()> {
self.seq = self.seq.wrapping_add(1);
self.ts = self.ts.wrapping_add(1); // monotonic sensor timestamp is all the kernel needs
let mut r = [0u8; DS_INPUT_REPORT_LEN];
serialize_state(&mut r, st, self.seq, self.ts);
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_INPUT2.to_ne_bytes());
ev[4..6].copy_from_slice(&(r.len() as u16).to_ne_bytes()); // input2.size
ev[6..6 + r.len()].copy_from_slice(&r); // input2.data
self.fd.write_all(&ev).context("write UHID_INPUT2")?;
Ok(())
}
/// Service the device, non-blocking: answer the kernel's feature-report GET_REPORTs (calibration
/// / pairing / firmware — required during `hid-playstation` init, or no input devices appear)
/// and parse any HID OUTPUT reports (rumble / lightbar / player LEDs / adaptive triggers) into
/// a [`DsFeedback`] for pad `pad`. Call frequently — especially right after [`open`] so the
/// init handshake completes. The fd is `O_NONBLOCK`, so once drained `read` returns `WouldBlock`.
pub fn service(&mut self, pad: u8) -> DsFeedback {
let mut fb = DsFeedback::default();
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
while let Ok(n) = self.fd.read(&mut ev) {
if n < UHID_EVENT_SIZE {
break;
}
match u32::from_ne_bytes([ev[0], ev[1], ev[2], ev[3]]) {
UHID_OUTPUT => {
// uhid_output_req: data[4096] at [4..4100], size u16 at [4100..4102].
let size = u16::from_ne_bytes([ev[4100], ev[4101]]) as usize;
let end = 4 + size.min(HID_MAX_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE);
parse_ds_output(pad, &ev[4..end], &mut fb);
}
UHID_GET_REPORT => {
// uhid_get_report_req: id u32 [4..8], rnum u8 [8].
let id = u32::from_ne_bytes([ev[4], ev[5], ev[6], ev[7]]);
// Per-pad MAC: hid-playstation adopts it as the HID uniq, and SDL/Steam
// dedup controllers by that serial (see `ds_pairing_reply`).
let pairing = ds_pairing_reply(pad);
let data: &[u8] = match ev[8] {
0x05 => DS_FEATURE_CALIBRATION,
0x09 => &pairing,
0x20 => DS_FEATURE_FIRMWARE,
_ => &[],
};
let _ = self.reply_get_report(id, data);
}
UHID_SET_REPORT => {
// Ack (err=0) so a SET_REPORT writer doesn't block on the kernel's 5 s
// timeout. Nothing to parse: every known DualSense writer sends its feedback
// as OUTPUT reports (handled above), never SET_REPORT.
let id = u32::from_ne_bytes([ev[4], ev[5], ev[6], ev[7]]);
let _ = self.reply_set_report(id);
}
_ => {} // Start/Stop/Open/Close — ignore
}
}
fb
}
fn reply_get_report(&mut self, id: u32, data: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_GET_REPORT_REPLY.to_ne_bytes());
// uhid_get_report_reply_req: id u32 [4..8], err u16 [8..10], size u16 [10..12], data [12..].
ev[4..8].copy_from_slice(&id.to_ne_bytes());
let err: u16 = if data.is_empty() { 5 } else { 0 }; // EIO if we don't know the report
ev[8..10].copy_from_slice(&err.to_ne_bytes());
ev[10..12].copy_from_slice(&(data.len() as u16).to_ne_bytes());
ev[12..12 + data.len()].copy_from_slice(data);
self.fd
.write_all(&ev)
.context("write UHID_GET_REPORT_REPLY")?;
Ok(())
}
fn reply_set_report(&mut self, id: u32) -> Result<()> {
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_SET_REPORT_REPLY.to_ne_bytes());
// uhid_set_report_reply_req: id u32 [4..8], err u16 [8..10].
ev[4..8].copy_from_slice(&id.to_ne_bytes());
ev[8..10].copy_from_slice(&0u16.to_ne_bytes()); // err 0 (ack)
self.fd
.write_all(&ev)
.context("write UHID_SET_REPORT_REPLY")?;
Ok(())
}
}
impl Drop for DualSensePad {
fn drop(&mut self) {
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_DESTROY.to_ne_bytes());
let _ = self.fd.write_all(&ev);
}
}
/// The DualSense-specific half of the shared stateful manager (see [`PadProto`]): UHID transport
/// open, the [`DsState`] mappers, and the kernel-handshake service pass. Everything lifecycle-
/// shaped (slot table, unplug sweep, heartbeat, feedback dedup) lives in [`UhidManager`].
pub struct DsLinuxProto {
/// Fallback policy for the Steam back grips a client may send (the DualSense has no back-button
/// HID slot). `PUNKTFUNK_STEAM_REMAP=paddles=…`; default drop.
remap: crate::steam_remap::RemapConfig,
}
impl Default for DsLinuxProto {
fn default() -> DsLinuxProto {
DsLinuxProto {
remap: crate::steam_remap::RemapConfig::from_env(),
}
}
}
impl PadProto for DsLinuxProto {
type Pad = DualSensePad;
type State = DsState;
const LABEL: &'static str = "DualSense";
const DEVICE: &'static str = "DualSense";
const CREATE_HINT: &'static str = "";
fn open(&mut self, idx: u8) -> Result<DualSensePad> {
let p = DualSensePad::open(idx, &DsUhidIdentity::dualsense())?;
tracing::info!(
index = idx,
"virtual DualSense created (UHID hid-playstation)"
);
Ok(p)
}
fn neutral(&self) -> DsState {
DsState::neutral()
}
/// Merge buttons/sticks/triggers from the frame, preserving touch + motion + pad clicks (those
/// come on the rich-input plane and must survive a button-only frame).
fn merge_frame(&self, prev: &DsState, f: &punktfunk_core::input::GamepadFrame) -> DsState {
// Steam back grips have no DualSense slot — fold them onto standard buttons per the
// configured policy (default drop) so they aren't silently lost.
let buttons = crate::steam_remap::fold_paddles(f.buttons, self.remap.paddles);
let mut s = DsState::from_gamepad(
buttons,
f.ls_x,
f.ls_y,
f.rs_x,
f.rs_y,
f.left_trigger,
f.right_trigger,
);
s.touch = prev.touch;
s.gyro = prev.gyro;
s.accel = prev.accel;
s.touch_click = prev.touch_click;
s
}
/// The shared DualSense-family mapping (dualsense_proto::DsState::apply_rich): Steam dual pads
/// split the one touchpad left/right, pad clicks ride touch_click.
fn apply_rich(&self, st: &mut DsState, rich: RichInput) {
st.apply_rich(rich, DS_TOUCH_W, DS_TOUCH_H);
}
fn write_state(&self, pad: &mut DualSensePad, st: &DsState) {
let _ = pad.write_state(st);
}
/// Answer the kernel's init handshake (it blocks `hid-playstation` init until its GET_REPORTs
/// are answered — call frequently) and parse a game's feedback: motor rumble on the universal
/// 0xCA plane, the rich lightbar/player-LED/trigger events on the 0xCD plane.
fn service(&self, pad: &mut DualSensePad, idx: u8) -> PadFeedback {
let fb = pad.service(idx);
PadFeedback {
rumble: fb.rumble,
hidout: fb.hidout,
// Linux hid-playstation reliably surfaces the game's rumble stop, so this backend does
// not need the abandoned-rumble force-off — stays untracked (see `PadFeedback`).
game_drove: None,
}
}
}
/// All virtual DualSense pads of a session — the rich-controller analog of
/// [`GamepadManager`](super::gamepad::GamepadManager), selected with `PUNKTFUNK_GAMEPAD=dualsense`.
///
/// Unlike the uinput pad, a DualSense carries touchpad + motion, which arrive on a *separate*
/// rich-input plane (`apply_rich`) from the button/stick frames (`handle`); the shared
/// [`UhidManager`] keeps each pad's full [`DsState`], re-emits the merged report whenever either
/// source changes, and heartbeats it through input silence (a real DualSense streams report `0x01`
/// continuously — `hid-playstation`/Proton/SDL treat a multi-second gap as an unplug).
pub type DualSenseManager = UhidManager<DsLinuxProto>;
/// The DualSense **Edge** half of the shared stateful manager: the plain-DualSense transport and
/// report codec under the Edge USB identity (`054C:0DF2` + the Edge descriptor), with the four
/// wire back-grip bits mapped onto the Edge's native `buttons[2]` slots instead of the
/// fold/drop policy — the whole point of this backend (a client's Deck grips / Elite paddles
/// stop vanishing). No remap config: every paddle has a native home.
///
/// Kernel note: `hid-playstation` binds the Edge PID since 6.1 (forced vibration-v2 output), but
/// only kernels ≥ 7.2 surface the Fn/back bits as evdev keys (`BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY1..4`); SDL /
/// Steam Input read the report off hidraw and see them on any kernel.
#[derive(Default)]
pub struct DsEdgeLinuxProto;
impl PadProto for DsEdgeLinuxProto {
type Pad = DualSensePad;
type State = DsState;
const LABEL: &'static str = "DualSense Edge";
const DEVICE: &'static str = "DualSense Edge";
const CREATE_HINT: &'static str = "";
fn open(&mut self, idx: u8) -> Result<DualSensePad> {
let p = DualSensePad::open(idx, &DsUhidIdentity::dualsense_edge())?;
tracing::info!(
index = idx,
"virtual DualSense Edge created (UHID hid-playstation)"
);
Ok(p)
}
fn neutral(&self) -> DsState {
DsState::neutral()
}
/// Merge buttons/sticks/triggers from the frame, preserving the rich-plane fields — like the
/// plain DualSense, EXCEPT the wire paddles are not folded away: they land on the Edge's own
/// `buttons[2]` bits (rebuilt from every button frame, so no extra persistence).
fn merge_frame(&self, prev: &DsState, f: &punktfunk_core::input::GamepadFrame) -> DsState {
let mut s = DsState::from_gamepad(
f.buttons,
f.ls_x,
f.ls_y,
f.rs_x,
f.rs_y,
f.left_trigger,
f.right_trigger,
);
s.buttons[2] |= edge_paddle_bits(f.buttons);
s.touch = prev.touch;
s.gyro = prev.gyro;
s.accel = prev.accel;
s.touch_click = prev.touch_click;
s
}
/// The shared DualSense-family mapping (dualsense_proto::DsState::apply_rich): Steam dual pads
/// split the one touchpad left/right, pad clicks ride touch_click.
fn apply_rich(&self, st: &mut DsState, rich: RichInput) {
st.apply_rich(rich, DS_TOUCH_W, DS_TOUCH_H);
}
fn write_state(&self, pad: &mut DualSensePad, st: &DsState) {
let _ = pad.write_state(st);
}
/// Same kernel handshake + feedback parse as the plain DualSense — the Edge's GET_REPORT set
/// (calibration 0x05 / pairing 0x09 / firmware 0x20) and output report 0x02 are identical
/// (the Edge's rumble arrives via the vibration-v2 valid_flag2 bit, which
/// [`parse_ds_output`] already handles).
fn service(&self, pad: &mut DualSensePad, idx: u8) -> PadFeedback {
let fb = pad.service(idx);
PadFeedback {
rumble: fb.rumble,
hidout: fb.hidout,
// Linux hid-playstation reliably surfaces the game's rumble stop, so this backend does
// not need the abandoned-rumble force-off — stays untracked (see `PadFeedback`).
game_drove: None,
}
}
}
/// All virtual DualSense Edge pads of a session — `PUNKTFUNK_GAMEPAD=edge`, or the per-pad kind a
/// client declares for a paddle-bearing physical controller.
pub type DualSenseEdgeManager = UhidManager<DsEdgeLinuxProto>;
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
use punktfunk_core::quic::HidOutput;
use std::os::unix::io::AsRawFd;
use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
/// evdev nodes whose input-device name contains `name`: (full name, /dev/input/eventN).
fn find_nodes(name: &str) -> Vec<(String, String)> {
let s = std::fs::read_to_string("/proc/bus/input/devices").unwrap_or_default();
let mut out = Vec::new();
let mut cur = String::new();
for line in s.lines() {
if let Some(n) = line.strip_prefix("N: Name=") {
cur = n.trim_matches('"').to_string();
} else if let Some(h) = line.strip_prefix("H: Handlers=") {
if cur.contains(name) {
if let Some(ev) = h.split_whitespace().find(|t| t.starts_with("event")) {
out.push((cur.clone(), format!("/dev/input/{ev}")));
}
}
}
}
out
}
/// Whether the evdev at `node` advertises EV_FF (0x15) — the rumble-capable gamepad node
/// (the touchpad / motion / headset siblings don't).
fn has_ff(node: &str) -> bool {
let Ok(f) = std::fs::OpenOptions::new().read(true).open(node) else {
return false;
};
let mut bits = [0u8; 8];
// EVIOCGBIT(0, 8): the device's event-type bitmap.
let req: libc::c_ulong = (2 << 30) | (8 << 16) | (0x45 << 8) | 0x20;
// SAFETY: EVIOCGBIT(0) copies at most 8 bytes (EV_MAX/8 < 8) into the live `bits` buffer
// behind the valid evdev fd `f`; the kernel never writes past the ioctl's size argument.
let rc = unsafe { libc::ioctl(f.as_raw_fd(), req, bits.as_mut_ptr()) };
rc >= 0 && (bits[0x15 / 8] >> (0x15 % 8)) & 1 == 1
}
/// Upload an FF_RUMBLE effect on `node` and play it, exactly like SDL's evdev haptic backend.
/// Returns the OPEN fd with the id — closing the fd erases the process's effects (stopping
/// the rumble), so the caller must hold it while asserting.
fn evdev_rumble(node: &str, strong: u16, weak: u16) -> std::io::Result<(std::fs::File, i16)> {
use std::io::Write as _;
let mut f = std::fs::OpenOptions::new()
.read(true)
.write(true)
.open(node)?;
// struct ff_effect (48 B): type u16, id s16, direction u16, trigger, replay{len,delay},
// pad to 16, union (ff_rumble_effect { strong, weak }).
let mut eff = [0u8; 48];
eff[0..2].copy_from_slice(&0x50u16.to_ne_bytes()); // FF_RUMBLE
eff[2..4].copy_from_slice(&(-1i16).to_ne_bytes()); // id: kernel assigns
eff[10..12].copy_from_slice(&5000u16.to_ne_bytes()); // replay.length ms
eff[16..18].copy_from_slice(&strong.to_ne_bytes());
eff[18..20].copy_from_slice(&weak.to_ne_bytes());
// EVIOCSFF = _IOW('E', 0x80, struct ff_effect)
let req: libc::c_ulong = (1 << 30) | (48 << 16) | (0x45 << 8) | 0x80;
// SAFETY: EVIOCSFF reads/writes the 48-byte ff_effect behind the valid fd `f`; `eff` is
// exactly sizeof(struct ff_effect) and outlives the synchronous call.
let rc = unsafe { libc::ioctl(f.as_raw_fd(), req, eff.as_mut_ptr()) };
if rc < 0 {
return Err(std::io::Error::last_os_error());
}
let id = i16::from_ne_bytes([eff[2], eff[3]]);
// struct input_event (24 B on 64-bit): timeval 16, type u16, code u16, value s32.
let mut ev = [0u8; 24];
ev[16..18].copy_from_slice(&0x15u16.to_ne_bytes()); // EV_FF
ev[18..20].copy_from_slice(&(id as u16).to_ne_bytes());
ev[20..24].copy_from_slice(&1i32.to_ne_bytes()); // play
f.write_all(&ev)?;
Ok((f, id))
}
/// `(HID_NAME, HID_UNIQ, /dev/hidrawN)` for every hidraw class device.
fn hidraw_devices() -> Vec<(String, String, String)> {
let mut out = Vec::new();
let Ok(dir) = std::fs::read_dir("/sys/class/hidraw") else {
return out;
};
for e in dir.flatten() {
let ue = std::fs::read_to_string(e.path().join("device/uevent")).unwrap_or_default();
let field = |k: &str| {
ue.lines()
.find_map(|l| l.strip_prefix(k))
.unwrap_or_default()
.to_string()
};
out.push((
field("HID_NAME="),
field("HID_UNIQ="),
format!("/dev/{}", e.file_name().to_string_lossy()),
));
}
out
}
/// Service `pad` for `ms`, accumulating every captured feedback pass (all rumble levels in
/// order + all rich events) while keeping the input heartbeat going.
fn collect(pad: &mut DualSensePad, st: &DsState, ms: u64) -> (Vec<(u16, u16)>, Vec<HidOutput>) {
let start = Instant::now();
let (mut levels, mut hidout) = (Vec::new(), Vec::<HidOutput>::new());
while start.elapsed() < Duration::from_millis(ms) {
let fb = pad.service(0);
levels.extend(fb.rumble);
hidout.extend(fb.hidout);
let _ = pad.write_state(st);
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(4));
}
(levels, hidout)
}
/// On-box proof of the full Linux feedback surface, playing the GAME's role against a real
/// kernel: chain A drives rumble through evdev force feedback (`hid-playstation`'s ff-memless
/// → UHID_OUTPUT — what SDL/Steam fall back to without hidraw); chain B writes a raw DS5
/// output report to the pad's hidraw node (SDL/Steam's real path, and the ONLY way adaptive
/// triggers can arrive) and expects rumble + lightbar + player LEDs + both trigger blocks
/// back verbatim. Also pins the per-pad pairing MAC: two pads must present distinct uniqs or
/// SDL/Steam dedup them into one controller.
#[test]
#[ignore = "creates real /dev/uhid devices; needs hid-playstation, the input group, and the 60-punktfunk.rules hidraw rules"]
fn feedback_flows_via_evdev_ff_and_hidraw() {
let mut pad0 = DualSensePad::open(0, &DsUhidIdentity::dualsense()).expect("open pad 0");
let mut pad1 = DualSensePad::open(1, &DsUhidIdentity::dualsense()).expect("open pad 1");
let st = DsState::neutral();
// Let hid-playstation complete its GET_REPORT handshakes and register input devices.
let start = Instant::now();
while start.elapsed() < Duration::from_millis(1500) {
let _ = pad0.service(0);
let _ = pad1.service(1);
let _ = pad0.write_state(&st);
let _ = pad1.write_state(&st);
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(4));
}
let nodes = find_nodes("Punktfunk DualSense 0");
assert!(
!nodes.is_empty(),
"hid-playstation did not bind the uhid device"
);
let ff_node = nodes
.iter()
.map(|(_, n)| n.as_str())
.find(|n| has_ff(n))
.expect("no FF-capable evdev among the pad's input devices");
// Per-pad MAC: hid-playstation adopts the pairing-report MAC as HID_UNIQ; the two pads
// must differ (the SDL/Steam serial-dedup regression, see `ds_pairing_reply`).
let hidraws = hidraw_devices();
let uniq = |name: &str| {
hidraws
.iter()
.find(|(n, _, _)| n == name)
.map(|(_, u, _)| u.clone())
.unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("no hidraw for {name} in {hidraws:?}"))
};
assert_ne!(
uniq("Punktfunk DualSense 0"),
uniq("Punktfunk DualSense 1"),
"pads share one pairing MAC — SDL/Steam will dedup them into one controller"
);
// ---- Chain A: evdev force feedback ----
let (ff_fd, _) = evdev_rumble(ff_node, 0xC000, 0x4000).expect("EVIOCSFF/play");
let (levels, _) = collect(&mut pad0, &st, 1000);
assert!(
levels.iter().any(|&(l, h)| l > 0 || h > 0),
"evdev FF rumble never surfaced as UHID_OUTPUT: {levels:?}"
);
drop(ff_fd); // closing erases the effect: the stop must surface too
let (levels, _) = collect(&mut pad0, &st, 800);
assert!(
levels.contains(&(0, 0)),
"erase-on-close never produced a rumble stop: {levels:?}"
);
// ---- Chain B: raw DS5 output report over hidraw ----
let hr = hidraws
.iter()
.find(|(n, _, _)| n == "Punktfunk DualSense 0")
.map(|(_, _, d)| d.clone())
.unwrap();
let mut rep = [0u8; 48];
rep[0] = 0x02; // USB output report id
rep[1] = 0x03 | 0x04 | 0x08; // flag0: compat vibration + haptics select + R2 + L2
rep[2] = 0x04 | 0x10; // flag1: lightbar + player LEDs
rep[3] = 0x60; // motor right (high)
rep[4] = 0xA0; // motor left (low)
rep[11] = 0x21; // R2 trigger block: weapon mode + params
rep[12] = 0x04;
rep[13] = 0x07;
rep[22] = 0x26; // L2 trigger block: vibration mode + params
rep[23] = 0x02;
rep[44] = 0x04; // player LED middle
rep[45] = 0x10;
rep[46] = 0x20;
rep[47] = 0x30;
std::fs::OpenOptions::new()
.write(true)
.open(&hr)
.and_then(|mut f| std::io::Write::write_all(&mut f, &rep))
.unwrap_or_else(|e| {
panic!(
"cannot write {hr} as this user ({e}) — Steam/SDL would be equally blocked; \
are the 60-punktfunk.rules hidraw rules installed?"
)
});
let (levels, hidout) = collect(&mut pad0, &st, 1000);
assert!(
levels.contains(&(0xA000, 0x6000)),
"hidraw rumble did not surface: {levels:?}"
);
let triggers: Vec<_> = hidout
.iter()
.filter_map(|h| match h {
HidOutput::Trigger { which, effect, .. } => Some((*which, effect.clone())),
_ => None,
})
.collect();
assert_eq!(
triggers.len(),
2,
"expected both trigger blocks: {hidout:?}"
);
assert!(
triggers.contains(&(1, rep[11..22].to_vec())),
"R2 block not verbatim"
);
assert!(
triggers.contains(&(0, rep[22..33].to_vec())),
"L2 block not verbatim"
);
assert!(
hidout.iter().any(|h| matches!(
h,
HidOutput::Led {
r: 0x10,
g: 0x20,
b: 0x30,
..
}
)),
"lightbar not surfaced: {hidout:?}"
);
assert!(
hidout
.iter()
.any(|h| matches!(h, HidOutput::PlayerLeds { bits: 0x04, .. })),
"player LEDs not surfaced: {hidout:?}"
);
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,423 @@
//! Virtual Sony DualShock 4 (PS4) via UHID — the PS4 sibling of the DualSense backend
//! ([`super::dualsense`]). A UHID device presents a *real* DualShock 4 HID interface to the kernel:
//! `hid-playstation` binds it (matched by VID `054C`/PID `09CC`, since Linux 6.2) and exposes the
//! full controller — gamepad, motion sensors, touchpad, lightbar, rumble — to games. We write HID
//! **input** reports (report `0x01`, our controller state) and read HID **output** reports (report
//! `0x05`, a game's rumble/lightbar feedback) back, forwarding them to the client.
//!
//! It carries everything the DualSense does *except* adaptive triggers, player LEDs and the mute
//! button (the DS4 hardware has none), so the only feedback it surfaces is motor rumble (universal
//! 0xCA plane) and the lightbar (HID-output 0xCD `Led`). The button/stick/dpad/touchpad mapping is
//! identical to the DualSense, so we reuse its pure [`DsState`] + [`DsState::from_gamepad`]; the
//! report codec (input `0x01` serializer, output `0x05` parser, touch dims) is the pure
//! [`super::dualshock4_proto`], shared with the Windows UMDF backend — this module is only the
//! `/dev/uhid` transport plus the report descriptor + feature-report handshake the kernel needs.
use super::dualsense_proto::DsState;
use super::dualshock4_proto::{
parse_ds4_output, serialize_state, Ds4Feedback, DS4_INPUT_REPORT_LEN, DS4_PRODUCT, DS4_TOUCH_H,
DS4_TOUCH_W, DS4_VENDOR,
};
use crate::uhid_manager::{PadFeedback, PadProto, UhidManager};
use anyhow::{Context, Result};
use punktfunk_core::quic::{HidOutput, RichInput};
use std::fs::{File, OpenOptions};
use std::io::{Read, Write};
use std::os::unix::fs::OpenOptionsExt;
// /dev/uhid event ABI (linux/uhid.h) — identical to the DualSense backend's; see `super::dualsense`.
const UHID_PATH: &str = "/dev/uhid";
const UHID_DESTROY: u32 = 1;
const UHID_OUTPUT: u32 = 6;
const UHID_GET_REPORT: u32 = 9;
const UHID_GET_REPORT_REPLY: u32 = 10;
const UHID_CREATE2: u32 = 11;
const UHID_INPUT2: u32 = 12;
const UHID_SET_REPORT: u32 = 13;
const UHID_SET_REPORT_REPLY: u32 = 14;
const HID_MAX_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE: usize = 4096;
const UHID_EVENT_SIZE: usize = 4 + 4372; // type + union (create2)
const BUS_USB: u16 = 0x03;
// Feature reports `hid-playstation` GET_REPORTs during DS4 init. The PAIRING report (0x12) is
// MANDATORY — without a valid reply `dualshock4_create()` aborts and creates NO input devices; the
// kernel reads the 6-byte device MAC from bytes 1..7. CALIBRATION (0x02) and FIRMWARE (0xa3) are
// non-fatal (the kernel warns + falls back to identity IMU calibration), but we answer them for
// correct motion scaling. Each array's first byte is the report id (the kernel hard-checks it).
#[rustfmt::skip]
const DS4_FEATURE_PAIRING: &[u8] = &[ // report 0x12 (MAC at bytes 1..7, LE → DE:AD:BE:EF:00:01)
0x12, 0x01, 0x00, 0xEF, 0xBE, 0xAD, 0xDE, 0x08, 0x25, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
];
/// The pairing reply for wire pad `pad`: [`DS4_FEATURE_PAIRING`] with the MAC's low octet offset
/// by the pad index — same per-pad-serial contract as the DualSense's
/// [`ds_pairing_reply`](super::dualsense_proto::ds_pairing_reply): the kernel adopts the MAC as
/// the HID uniq, and SDL/Steam dedup controllers by that serial.
fn ds4_pairing_reply(pad: u8) -> [u8; 16] {
let mut r = [0u8; 16];
r.copy_from_slice(DS4_FEATURE_PAIRING);
r[1] = r[1].wrapping_add(pad); // MAC lives at bytes 1..7, LSB first
r
}
#[rustfmt::skip]
const DS4_FEATURE_CALIBRATION: &[u8] = &[ // report 0x02 (IMU calibration; all signed le16 words)
0x02,
0x00, 0x00, // gyro_pitch_bias = 0
0x00, 0x00, // gyro_yaw_bias = 0
0x00, 0x00, // gyro_roll_bias = 0
0x10, 0x00, // gyro_pitch_plus = +16
0xF0, 0xFF, // gyro_pitch_minus = -16
0x10, 0x00, // gyro_yaw_plus = +16
0xF0, 0xFF, // gyro_yaw_minus = -16
0x10, 0x00, // gyro_roll_plus = +16
0xF0, 0xFF, // gyro_roll_minus = -16
0x20, 0x00, // gyro_speed_plus = +32
0x20, 0x00, // gyro_speed_minus = +32
0x00, 0x20, // acc_x_plus = +8192
0x00, 0xE0, // acc_x_minus = -8192
0x00, 0x20, // acc_y_plus = +8192
0x00, 0xE0, // acc_y_minus = -8192
0x00, 0x20, // acc_z_plus = +8192
0x00, 0xE0, // acc_z_minus = -8192
0x00, 0x00, // trailing pad (descriptor declares 36 data bytes)
];
#[rustfmt::skip]
const DS4_FEATURE_FIRMWARE: &[u8] = &[ // report 0xa3 (build date string + hw/fw versions; cosmetic)
0xA3, 0x41, 0x75, 0x67, 0x20, 0x20, 0x33, 0x20, 0x32, 0x30, 0x31, 0x33, // "Aug 3 2013"
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x30, 0x37, 0x3A, 0x30, 0x31, 0x3A, 0x31, 0x32, // "07:01:12"
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0xA0, // hw_version = 0xA000 (buf[35])
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x01, // fw_version = 0x0100 (buf[41])
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // trailing pad (buf[43..49]) → 49 bytes total
];
/// Sony DualShock 4 v2 USB HID report descriptor (507 bytes) — a verbatim real-device capture
/// (CUH-ZCT2E, `054C:09CC`). Declares input `0x01` (64 B), output `0x05` (32 B), and the feature
/// reports `0x02`/`0x12`/`0xa3` so the kernel's GET_REPORTs route. The kernel binds DS4 by VID/PID,
/// but HID core still needs these reports declared.
#[rustfmt::skip]
const DS4_RDESC: &[u8] = &[
0x05, 0x01, 0x09, 0x05, 0xA1, 0x01, 0x85, 0x01, 0x09, 0x30, 0x09, 0x31,
0x09, 0x32, 0x09, 0x35, 0x15, 0x00, 0x26, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95,
0x04, 0x81, 0x02, 0x09, 0x39, 0x15, 0x00, 0x25, 0x07, 0x35, 0x00, 0x46,
0x3B, 0x01, 0x65, 0x14, 0x75, 0x04, 0x95, 0x01, 0x81, 0x42, 0x65, 0x00,
0x05, 0x09, 0x19, 0x01, 0x29, 0x0E, 0x15, 0x00, 0x25, 0x01, 0x75, 0x01,
0x95, 0x0E, 0x81, 0x02, 0x06, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x09, 0x20, 0x75, 0x06, 0x95,
0x01, 0x15, 0x00, 0x25, 0x7F, 0x81, 0x02, 0x05, 0x01, 0x09, 0x33, 0x09,
0x34, 0x15, 0x00, 0x26, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x02, 0x81, 0x02,
0x06, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x09, 0x21, 0x95, 0x36, 0x81, 0x02, 0x85, 0x05, 0x09,
0x22, 0x95, 0x1F, 0x91, 0x02, 0x85, 0x04, 0x09, 0x23, 0x95, 0x24, 0xB1,
0x02, 0x85, 0x02, 0x09, 0x24, 0x95, 0x24, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x08, 0x09,
0x25, 0x95, 0x03, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x10, 0x09, 0x26, 0x95, 0x04, 0xB1,
0x02, 0x85, 0x11, 0x09, 0x27, 0x95, 0x02, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x12, 0x06,
0x02, 0xFF, 0x09, 0x21, 0x95, 0x0F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x13, 0x09, 0x22,
0x95, 0x16, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x14, 0x06, 0x05, 0xFF, 0x09, 0x20, 0x95,
0x10, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x15, 0x09, 0x21, 0x95, 0x2C, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x06,
0x80, 0xFF, 0x85, 0x80, 0x09, 0x20, 0x95, 0x06, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x81,
0x09, 0x21, 0x95, 0x06, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x82, 0x09, 0x22, 0x95, 0x05,
0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x83, 0x09, 0x23, 0x95, 0x01, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x84,
0x09, 0x24, 0x95, 0x04, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x85, 0x09, 0x25, 0x95, 0x06,
0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x86, 0x09, 0x26, 0x95, 0x06, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x87,
0x09, 0x27, 0x95, 0x23, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x88, 0x09, 0x28, 0x95, 0x3F,
0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x89, 0x09, 0x29, 0x95, 0x02, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x90,
0x09, 0x30, 0x95, 0x05, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x91, 0x09, 0x31, 0x95, 0x03,
0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x92, 0x09, 0x32, 0x95, 0x03, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x93,
0x09, 0x33, 0x95, 0x0C, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x94, 0x09, 0x34, 0x95, 0x3F,
0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xA0, 0x09, 0x40, 0x95, 0x06, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xA1,
0x09, 0x41, 0x95, 0x01, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xA2, 0x09, 0x42, 0x95, 0x01,
0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xA3, 0x09, 0x43, 0x95, 0x30, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xA4,
0x09, 0x44, 0x95, 0x0D, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xF0, 0x09, 0x47, 0x95, 0x3F,
0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xF1, 0x09, 0x48, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xF2,
0x09, 0x49, 0x95, 0x0F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xA7, 0x09, 0x4A, 0x95, 0x01,
0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xA8, 0x09, 0x4B, 0x95, 0x01, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xA9,
0x09, 0x4C, 0x95, 0x08, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xAA, 0x09, 0x4E, 0x95, 0x01,
0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xAB, 0x09, 0x4F, 0x95, 0x39, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xAC,
0x09, 0x50, 0x95, 0x39, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xAD, 0x09, 0x51, 0x95, 0x0B,
0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xAE, 0x09, 0x52, 0x95, 0x01, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xAF,
0x09, 0x53, 0x95, 0x02, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xB0, 0x09, 0x54, 0x95, 0x3F,
0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xE0, 0x09, 0x57, 0x95, 0x02, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xB3,
0x09, 0x55, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xB4, 0x09, 0x55, 0x95, 0x3F,
0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xB5, 0x09, 0x56, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xD0,
0x09, 0x58, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xD4, 0x09, 0x59, 0x95, 0x3F,
0xB1, 0x02, 0xC0,
];
/// Copy a NUL-padded C string field into the event buffer.
fn put_cstr(ev: &mut [u8], off: usize, cap: usize, s: &str) {
let n = s.len().min(cap - 1);
ev[off..off + n].copy_from_slice(&s.as_bytes()[..n]); // rest already zero (NUL-terminated)
}
/// A virtual DualShock 4 backed by `/dev/uhid` (hand-rolled codec mirroring the DualSense pad's).
/// Dropping it destroys the device (the kernel tears down the bound `hid-playstation` interface).
pub struct DualShock4Pad {
fd: File,
counter: u8,
ts: u16,
}
impl DualShock4Pad {
/// Create the UHID DualShock 4 for pad `index` (used only to make the device name/uniq unique).
pub fn open(index: u8) -> Result<DualShock4Pad> {
let fd = OpenOptions::new()
.read(true)
.write(true)
.custom_flags(libc::O_NONBLOCK)
.open(UHID_PATH)
.with_context(|| {
format!("open {UHID_PATH} (is the 60-punktfunk.rules uhid rule installed + are you in 'input'?)")
})?;
let mut ds = DualShock4Pad {
fd,
counter: 0,
ts: 0,
};
ds.send_create2(index).context("UHID_CREATE2 DualShock4")?;
Ok(ds)
}
fn send_create2(&mut self, index: u8) -> Result<()> {
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_CREATE2.to_ne_bytes());
// union (uhid_create2_req) starts at byte 4.
put_cstr(&mut ev, 4, 128, &format!("Punktfunk DualShock 4 {index}")); // name[128]
put_cstr(&mut ev, 132, 64, &format!("punktfunk/dualshock4/{index}")); // phys[64]
// A unique uniq[64] keeps the sysfs nodes tidy when several pads coexist (the kernel's
// duplicate-device check itself keys off the per-pad MAC in the pairing feature report).
put_cstr(&mut ev, 196, 64, &format!("punktfunk-ds4-{index}")); // uniq[64]
ev[260..262].copy_from_slice(&(DS4_RDESC.len() as u16).to_ne_bytes()); // rd_size
ev[262..264].copy_from_slice(&BUS_USB.to_ne_bytes()); // bus
ev[264..268].copy_from_slice(&(DS4_VENDOR as u32).to_ne_bytes());
ev[268..272].copy_from_slice(&(DS4_PRODUCT as u32).to_ne_bytes());
ev[272..276].copy_from_slice(&0x0100u32.to_ne_bytes()); // version
ev[276..280].copy_from_slice(&0u32.to_ne_bytes()); // country
ev[280..280 + DS4_RDESC.len()].copy_from_slice(DS4_RDESC); // rd_data
self.fd.write_all(&ev).context("write UHID_CREATE2")?;
Ok(())
}
/// Serialize `st` into report `0x01` and write it to the kernel (UHID_INPUT2).
pub fn write_state(&mut self, st: &DsState) -> Result<()> {
self.counter = self.counter.wrapping_add(1);
self.ts = self.ts.wrapping_add(188); // ~1ms in the DS4's 5.33µs sensor-clock units
let mut r = [0u8; DS4_INPUT_REPORT_LEN];
serialize_state(&mut r, st, self.counter, self.ts);
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_INPUT2.to_ne_bytes());
ev[4..6].copy_from_slice(&(r.len() as u16).to_ne_bytes()); // input2.size
ev[6..6 + r.len()].copy_from_slice(&r); // input2.data
self.fd.write_all(&ev).context("write UHID_INPUT2")?;
Ok(())
}
/// Service the device, non-blocking: answer the kernel's feature-report GET_REPORTs (pairing /
/// calibration / firmware — the pairing reply is required during `hid-playstation` init, or no
/// input devices appear) and parse any HID OUTPUT reports (rumble / lightbar) into a
/// [`Ds4Feedback`] for pad `pad`. Call frequently — especially right after [`open`] so the
/// init handshake completes.
pub fn service(&mut self, pad: u8) -> Ds4Feedback {
let mut fb = Ds4Feedback::default();
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
while let Ok(n) = self.fd.read(&mut ev) {
if n < UHID_EVENT_SIZE {
break;
}
match u32::from_ne_bytes([ev[0], ev[1], ev[2], ev[3]]) {
UHID_OUTPUT => {
// uhid_output_req: data[4096] at [4..4100], size u16 at [4100..4102].
let size = u16::from_ne_bytes([ev[4100], ev[4101]]) as usize;
let end = 4 + size.min(HID_MAX_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE);
parse_ds4_output(&ev[4..end], &mut fb);
}
UHID_GET_REPORT => {
// uhid_get_report_req: id u32 [4..8], rnum u8 [8].
let id = u32::from_ne_bytes([ev[4], ev[5], ev[6], ev[7]]);
let pairing = ds4_pairing_reply(pad);
let data: &[u8] = match ev[8] {
0x12 => &pairing,
0x02 => DS4_FEATURE_CALIBRATION,
0xA3 => DS4_FEATURE_FIRMWARE,
_ => &[],
};
let _ = self.reply_get_report(id, data);
}
UHID_SET_REPORT => {
// Ack (err=0) so a SET_REPORT writer doesn't block on the kernel's 5 s
// timeout; DS4 feedback arrives as OUTPUT reports (handled above).
let id = u32::from_ne_bytes([ev[4], ev[5], ev[6], ev[7]]);
let _ = self.reply_set_report(id);
}
_ => {} // Start/Stop/Open/Close — ignore
}
}
fb
}
fn reply_get_report(&mut self, id: u32, data: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_GET_REPORT_REPLY.to_ne_bytes());
// uhid_get_report_reply_req: id u32 [4..8], err u16 [8..10], size u16 [10..12], data [12..].
ev[4..8].copy_from_slice(&id.to_ne_bytes());
let err: u16 = if data.is_empty() { 5 } else { 0 }; // EIO if we don't know the report
ev[8..10].copy_from_slice(&err.to_ne_bytes());
ev[10..12].copy_from_slice(&(data.len() as u16).to_ne_bytes());
ev[12..12 + data.len()].copy_from_slice(data);
self.fd
.write_all(&ev)
.context("write UHID_GET_REPORT_REPLY")?;
Ok(())
}
fn reply_set_report(&mut self, id: u32) -> Result<()> {
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_SET_REPORT_REPLY.to_ne_bytes());
// uhid_set_report_reply_req: id u32 [4..8], err u16 [8..10].
ev[4..8].copy_from_slice(&id.to_ne_bytes());
ev[8..10].copy_from_slice(&0u16.to_ne_bytes()); // err 0 (ack)
self.fd
.write_all(&ev)
.context("write UHID_SET_REPORT_REPLY")?;
Ok(())
}
}
impl Drop for DualShock4Pad {
fn drop(&mut self) {
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_DESTROY.to_ne_bytes());
let _ = self.fd.write_all(&ev);
}
}
/// The DualShock-4-specific half of the shared stateful manager (see [`PadProto`]): UHID transport
/// open, the [`DsState`] mappers, and the kernel-handshake service pass. Lifecycle (slot table,
/// unplug sweep, heartbeat, dedup) lives in [`UhidManager`]; the lightbar dedup that used to be a
/// bespoke `last_led` vec (the kernel bundles the lightbar into every output report, incl.
/// rumble-only writes) now rides the shared `HidoutDedup` — identical semantics, `Led` compared
/// against the last-forwarded value and re-armed on create/unplug.
pub struct Ds4LinuxProto {
/// Fallback policy for the Steam back grips a client may send (the DS4 has no back-button HID
/// slot). `PUNKTFUNK_STEAM_REMAP=paddles=…`; default drop.
remap: crate::steam_remap::RemapConfig,
}
impl Default for Ds4LinuxProto {
fn default() -> Ds4LinuxProto {
Ds4LinuxProto {
remap: crate::steam_remap::RemapConfig::from_env(),
}
}
}
impl PadProto for Ds4LinuxProto {
type Pad = DualShock4Pad;
type State = DsState;
const LABEL: &'static str = "DualShock 4";
const DEVICE: &'static str = "DualShock 4";
const CREATE_HINT: &'static str = "";
fn open(&mut self, idx: u8) -> Result<DualShock4Pad> {
let p = DualShock4Pad::open(idx)?;
tracing::info!(
index = idx,
"virtual DualShock 4 created (UHID hid-playstation)"
);
Ok(p)
}
fn neutral(&self) -> DsState {
DsState::neutral()
}
/// Merge buttons/sticks/triggers from the frame, preserving touch + motion + pad clicks (those
/// arrive on the rich-input plane and must survive a button-only frame).
fn merge_frame(&self, prev: &DsState, f: &punktfunk_core::input::GamepadFrame) -> DsState {
// Steam back grips have no DS4 slot — fold them onto standard buttons per the configured
// policy (default drop) so they aren't silently lost.
let buttons = crate::steam_remap::fold_paddles(f.buttons, self.remap.paddles);
let mut s = DsState::from_gamepad(
buttons,
f.ls_x,
f.ls_y,
f.rs_x,
f.rs_y,
f.left_trigger,
f.right_trigger,
);
s.touch = prev.touch;
s.gyro = prev.gyro;
s.accel = prev.accel;
s.touch_click = prev.touch_click;
s
}
/// The shared DualSense-family mapping (dualsense_proto::DsState::apply_rich): Steam dual pads
/// split the one touchpad left/right, pad clicks ride touch_click.
fn apply_rich(&self, st: &mut DsState, rich: RichInput) {
st.apply_rich(rich, DS4_TOUCH_W, DS4_TOUCH_H);
}
fn write_state(&self, pad: &mut DualShock4Pad, st: &DsState) {
let _ = pad.write_state(st);
}
/// Answer the kernel's init handshake (it blocks `hid-playstation` init until its GET_REPORTs
/// are answered — call frequently) and parse a game's feedback: motor rumble on the universal
/// 0xCA plane, the lightbar as a 0xCD `Led` event (a DS4 has no player LEDs / adaptive
/// triggers).
fn service(&self, pad: &mut DualShock4Pad, idx: u8) -> PadFeedback {
let fb = pad.service(idx);
PadFeedback {
rumble: fb.rumble,
hidout: fb
.led
.map(|(r, g, b)| HidOutput::Led { pad: idx, r, g, b })
.into_iter()
.collect(),
game_drove: None,
}
}
}
/// All virtual DualShock 4 pads of a session — the PS4 analog of
/// [`DualSenseManager`](super::dualsense::DualSenseManager), selected with `PUNKTFUNK_GAMEPAD=ps4`.
/// Like the DualSense, the shared [`UhidManager`] keeps each pad's full [`DsState`], re-emits the
/// merged report whenever buttons/sticks or touchpad/motion change, and heartbeats it through
/// input silence (a real DS4 streams report `0x01` continuously — `hid-playstation`/SDL treat a
/// multi-second gap as an unplug).
pub type DualShock4Manager = UhidManager<Ds4LinuxProto>;
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
// The report 0x01 serializer + output 0x05 parser are covered in `dualshock4_proto` (the codec
// is shared with the Windows backend); only the UHID-transport-specific pieces are tested here.
/// Feature-report arrays carry the right report id + length the kernel expects.
#[test]
fn feature_report_shapes() {
assert_eq!(DS4_FEATURE_PAIRING.len(), 16);
assert_eq!(DS4_FEATURE_PAIRING[0], 0x12);
assert_eq!(DS4_FEATURE_CALIBRATION.len(), 37);
assert_eq!(DS4_FEATURE_CALIBRATION[0], 0x02);
assert_eq!(DS4_FEATURE_FIRMWARE.len(), 49);
assert_eq!(DS4_FEATURE_FIRMWARE[0], 0xA3);
}
/// The pairing reply keeps the report id and differs across pads ONLY in the MAC low octet —
/// distinct serials so SDL/Steam never dedup two virtual pads into one controller.
#[test]
fn pairing_reply_mac_is_per_pad() {
assert_eq!(ds4_pairing_reply(0).as_slice(), DS4_FEATURE_PAIRING);
let (a, b) = (ds4_pairing_reply(1), ds4_pairing_reply(2));
assert_eq!(a[0], 0x12); // report id untouched
assert_eq!(a[1], DS4_FEATURE_PAIRING[1].wrapping_add(1));
assert_eq!(b[1], DS4_FEATURE_PAIRING[1].wrapping_add(2));
assert_eq!(a[2..], b[2..]); // everything but the low octet identical
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,729 @@
//! Virtual gamepads via `/dev/uinput`, cloning the kernel `xpad` identity ("Microsoft X-Box
//! 360 pad", `045e:028e`) so SDL/Steam/Proton match their built-in mapping with zero
//! configuration — exactly what Sunshine emulates. One [`VirtualPad`] per attached client
//! controller, managed by [`GamepadManager`] from decoded
//! [`GamepadFrame`](punktfunk_core::input::GamepadFrame)s.
//!
//! Rumble flows the *other* way on the same fd: games upload force-feedback effects
//! (`EV_UINPUT`/`UI_FF_UPLOAD` → `UI_BEGIN/END_FF_UPLOAD` ioctls) and trigger them with
//! `EV_FF` writes; [`GamepadManager::pump_rumble`] services that protocol non-blockingly
//! (the control thread calls it every tick) and reports mixed `(low, high)` motor levels for
//! the host to send to the client. Note: a game's `EVIOCSFF` ioctl BLOCKS until we answer
//! `UI_END_FF_UPLOAD`, so the pump must run regularly.
//!
//! All ioctl numbers/struct layouts below were verified against this generation's
//! `<linux/uinput.h>` on x86_64. `/dev/uinput` needs a udev rule + `input` group membership
//! (see `scripts/60-punktfunk.rules`); creation fails with a clear error otherwise.
// Every `unsafe` block in this file carries a `// SAFETY:` proof; enforce it (unsafe-proof program).
#![deny(clippy::undocumented_unsafe_blocks)]
use crate::pad_slots::PadSlots;
use anyhow::{bail, Result};
use punktfunk_core::input::{gamepad, GamepadFrame, MAX_PADS};
use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::os::fd::{AsRawFd, OwnedFd};
use std::time::Instant;
// ioctls (x86_64).
const UI_DEV_CREATE: libc::c_ulong = 0x5501;
const UI_DEV_DESTROY: libc::c_ulong = 0x5502;
const UI_DEV_SETUP: libc::c_ulong = 0x405c_5503;
const UI_ABS_SETUP: libc::c_ulong = 0x401c_5504;
const UI_SET_EVBIT: libc::c_ulong = 0x4004_5564;
const UI_SET_KEYBIT: libc::c_ulong = 0x4004_5565;
const UI_SET_FFBIT: libc::c_ulong = 0x4004_556b;
const UI_BEGIN_FF_UPLOAD: libc::c_ulong = 0xc068_55c8;
const UI_END_FF_UPLOAD: libc::c_ulong = 0x4068_55c9;
const UI_BEGIN_FF_ERASE: libc::c_ulong = 0xc00c_55ca;
const UI_END_FF_ERASE: libc::c_ulong = 0x400c_55cb;
// Event types/codes.
const EV_SYN: u16 = 0x00;
const EV_KEY: u16 = 0x01;
const EV_ABS: u16 = 0x03;
const EV_FF: u16 = 0x15;
const EV_UINPUT: u16 = 0x0101;
const SYN_REPORT: u16 = 0;
const UI_FF_UPLOAD: u16 = 1;
const UI_FF_ERASE: u16 = 2;
const FF_RUMBLE: u16 = 0x50;
const FF_GAIN: u16 = 0x60;
const ABS_X: u16 = 0x00;
const ABS_Y: u16 = 0x01;
const ABS_Z: u16 = 0x02;
const ABS_RX: u16 = 0x03;
const ABS_RY: u16 = 0x04;
const ABS_RZ: u16 = 0x05;
const ABS_HAT0X: u16 = 0x10;
const ABS_HAT0Y: u16 = 0x11;
const BTN_SOUTH: u16 = 0x130; // A
const BTN_EAST: u16 = 0x131; // B
const BTN_NORTH: u16 = 0x133; // X (kernel calls it BTN_NORTH/BTN_X)
const BTN_WEST: u16 = 0x134; // Y
const BTN_TL: u16 = 0x136;
const BTN_TR: u16 = 0x137;
const BTN_SELECT: u16 = 0x13a;
const BTN_START: u16 = 0x13b;
const BTN_MODE: u16 = 0x13c;
const BTN_THUMBL: u16 = 0x13d;
const BTN_THUMBR: u16 = 0x13e;
// Xbox-Elite paddle codes (the xpad convention SDL / Steam Input recognize). A client's back grips —
// and the GameStream `buttonFlags2` paddle bits, which were silently dropped before — land here, so
// the virtual X-Box pad exposes paddles like an Elite controller. PADDLE1/2/3/4 = R4/L4/R5/L5.
const BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY5: u16 = 0x2c4;
const BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY6: u16 = 0x2c5;
const BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY7: u16 = 0x2c6;
const BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY8: u16 = 0x2c7;
/// `(GameStream button bit, evdev key code)` — D-pad is emitted as HAT axes instead.
const BUTTON_MAP: [(u32, u16); 15] = [
(gamepad::BTN_A, BTN_SOUTH),
(gamepad::BTN_B, BTN_EAST),
(gamepad::BTN_X, BTN_NORTH),
(gamepad::BTN_Y, BTN_WEST),
(gamepad::BTN_LB, BTN_TL),
(gamepad::BTN_RB, BTN_TR),
(gamepad::BTN_BACK, BTN_SELECT),
(gamepad::BTN_START, BTN_START),
(gamepad::BTN_GUIDE, BTN_MODE),
(gamepad::BTN_LS_CLICK, BTN_THUMBL),
(gamepad::BTN_RS_CLICK, BTN_THUMBR),
(gamepad::BTN_PADDLE1, BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY5),
(gamepad::BTN_PADDLE2, BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY6),
(gamepad::BTN_PADDLE3, BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY7),
(gamepad::BTN_PADDLE4, BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY8),
];
/// The USB identity a virtual uinput pad presents. SDL/Steam/Proton key their built-in mapping off
/// `bustype/vendor/product/version` (+ name), and games pick button glyphs from it. The button/axis
/// layout this backend emits is the same XInput one regardless — only the identity differs between an
/// X-Box 360 pad and an X-Box One/Series pad (which is why "Xbox One" buys glyphs, not new capability;
/// impulse-trigger rumble is unreachable through evdev FF either way).
#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
pub struct PadIdentity {
vendor: u16,
product: u16,
version: u16,
name: &'static [u8],
/// Short label for the creation log line.
log: &'static str,
}
impl PadIdentity {
/// "Microsoft X-Box 360 pad" (`045e:028e`) — the universal default; matches the kernel `xpad`
/// table verbatim so SDL/Steam map it with zero config.
pub const fn xbox360() -> PadIdentity {
PadIdentity {
vendor: 0x045e,
product: 0x028e,
version: 0x0110,
name: b"Microsoft X-Box 360 pad",
log: "X-Box 360 pad",
}
}
/// "Microsoft X-Box One S pad" (`045e:02ea`) — an `xpad`-table entry, so games show One/Series
/// glyphs. XInput-identical to the 360 pad otherwise.
pub const fn xbox_one() -> PadIdentity {
PadIdentity {
vendor: 0x045e,
product: 0x02ea,
version: 0x0408,
name: b"Microsoft X-Box One S pad",
log: "X-Box One S pad",
}
}
}
impl Default for PadIdentity {
fn default() -> PadIdentity {
PadIdentity::xbox360()
}
}
#[repr(C)]
struct InputId {
bustype: u16,
vendor: u16,
product: u16,
version: u16,
}
#[repr(C)]
struct UinputSetup {
id: InputId,
name: [u8; 80],
ff_effects_max: u32,
}
#[repr(C)]
#[derive(Default, Clone, Copy)]
struct AbsInfo {
value: i32,
minimum: i32,
maximum: i32,
fuzz: i32,
flat: i32,
resolution: i32,
}
#[repr(C)]
struct UinputAbsSetup {
code: u16,
_pad: u16,
absinfo: AbsInfo,
}
#[repr(C)]
#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
struct InputEventRaw {
time: libc::timeval,
type_: u16,
code: u16,
value: i32,
}
/// `struct ff_effect` (48 bytes; the union starts 8-aligned at offset 16).
#[repr(C)]
#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
struct FfEffect {
type_: u16,
id: i16,
direction: u16,
trigger_button: u16,
trigger_interval: u16,
replay_length: u16,
replay_delay: u16,
_pad: u16,
/// Union; for `FF_RUMBLE`: `u16 strong_magnitude` at [0..2], `u16 weak_magnitude` at [2..4].
u: [u8; 32],
}
#[repr(C)]
#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
struct UinputFfUpload {
request_id: u32,
retval: i32,
effect: FfEffect,
old: FfEffect,
}
#[repr(C)]
#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
struct UinputFfErase {
request_id: u32,
retval: i32,
effect_id: u32,
}
// Layouts verified by compiling a probe against this generation's <linux/uinput.h> (x86_64).
const _: () = {
assert!(std::mem::size_of::<UinputSetup>() == 92);
assert!(std::mem::size_of::<UinputAbsSetup>() == 28);
assert!(std::mem::size_of::<InputEventRaw>() == 24);
assert!(std::mem::size_of::<FfEffect>() == 48);
assert!(std::mem::size_of::<UinputFfUpload>() == 104);
assert!(std::mem::size_of::<UinputFfErase>() == 12);
};
fn ioctl_int(fd: i32, req: libc::c_ulong, arg: libc::c_int, what: &str) -> Result<()> {
// SAFETY: every caller passes one of UI_SET_EVBIT/KEYBIT/FFBIT/UI_DEV_CREATE/UI_DEV_DESTROY as
// `req` — all integer-argument ioctls whose third arg the kernel takes BY VALUE, so nothing is
// dereferenced through `arg` and no memory must outlive the call. The only precondition is `fd`
// being a valid open descriptor; callers pass the live `/dev/uinput` fd, and even a stale fd
// would merely return -1/EBADF (reported below), never UB.
if unsafe { libc::ioctl(fd, req, arg) } < 0 {
bail!("{what}: {}", std::io::Error::last_os_error());
}
Ok(())
}
fn ioctl_ptr<T>(fd: i32, req: libc::c_ulong, arg: *mut T, what: &str) -> Result<()> {
// SAFETY: `fd` is the caller's live `/dev/uinput` fd. Every call site passes `&mut x` for a live,
// uniquely-borrowed `#[repr(C)]` `x: T` whose size matches the struct the request number encodes
// (UI_DEV_SETUP=0x405c_5503 → 0x5c=92=size_of::<UinputSetup>(); UI_ABS_SETUP → 0x1c=28; the FF
// upload/erase ioctls → 0x68/0x0c — all pinned by the `size_of` asserts above). The kernel copies
// exactly that many bytes in/out through `arg`; the `&mut` keeps the pointee alive and unaliased
// for the whole synchronous call.
if unsafe { libc::ioctl(fd, req, arg) } < 0 {
bail!("{what}: {}", std::io::Error::last_os_error());
}
Ok(())
}
/// One FF effect a game uploaded: rumble magnitudes + playback state.
struct Effect {
strong: u16,
weak: u16,
/// `Some(deadline)` while playing (replay length 0 = until stopped).
playing: Option<Option<Instant>>,
replay_ms: u16,
}
/// One virtual X-Box-360 pad backed by a uinput device.
pub struct VirtualPad {
fd: OwnedFd,
effects: HashMap<i16, Effect>,
next_effect_id: i16,
gain: u32,
/// Last `(low, high)` reported, to dedup.
last_mix: (u16, u16),
}
impl VirtualPad {
pub fn create(index: usize, identity: PadIdentity) -> Result<VirtualPad> {
use std::os::fd::FromRawFd;
// SAFETY: `c"/dev/uinput"` is a 'static NUL-terminated C string literal; `as_ptr()` yields a
// valid pointer the kernel only reads as a filesystem path. `open` returns a fresh fd (or -1)
// and retains nothing; no Rust memory is aliased or handed to the kernel beyond that 'static path.
let raw = unsafe {
libc::open(
c"/dev/uinput".as_ptr(),
libc::O_RDWR | libc::O_NONBLOCK | libc::O_CLOEXEC,
)
};
if raw < 0 {
bail!(
"open /dev/uinput: {} (install the udev rule granting the 'input' group access \
— see scripts/60-punktfunk.rules — and add the user to the 'input' group)",
std::io::Error::last_os_error()
);
}
// SAFETY: `raw >= 0` here (the `< 0` branch above already bailed), so it is a freshly-opened fd
// from `libc::open` that is not stored or owned anywhere else. Transferring it to `OwnedFd` makes
// this the unique owner, which will `close` it exactly once on drop (no double-close, no leak).
let fd = unsafe { OwnedFd::from_raw_fd(raw) };
ioctl_int(raw, UI_SET_EVBIT, EV_KEY as i32, "UI_SET_EVBIT(EV_KEY)")?;
ioctl_int(raw, UI_SET_EVBIT, EV_ABS as i32, "UI_SET_EVBIT(EV_ABS)")?;
ioctl_int(raw, UI_SET_EVBIT, EV_FF as i32, "UI_SET_EVBIT(EV_FF)")?;
for (_, key) in BUTTON_MAP {
ioctl_int(raw, UI_SET_KEYBIT, key as i32, "UI_SET_KEYBIT")?;
}
ioctl_int(
raw,
UI_SET_FFBIT,
FF_RUMBLE as i32,
"UI_SET_FFBIT(FF_RUMBLE)",
)?;
ioctl_int(raw, UI_SET_FFBIT, FF_GAIN as i32, "UI_SET_FFBIT(FF_GAIN)")?;
let stick = AbsInfo {
minimum: -32768,
maximum: 32767,
fuzz: 16,
flat: 128,
..Default::default()
};
let trigger = AbsInfo {
minimum: 0,
maximum: 255,
..Default::default()
};
let hat = AbsInfo {
minimum: -1,
maximum: 1,
..Default::default()
};
for (code, info) in [
(ABS_X, stick),
(ABS_Y, stick),
(ABS_RX, stick),
(ABS_RY, stick),
(ABS_Z, trigger),
(ABS_RZ, trigger),
(ABS_HAT0X, hat),
(ABS_HAT0Y, hat),
] {
let mut a = UinputAbsSetup {
code,
_pad: 0,
absinfo: info,
};
ioctl_ptr(raw, UI_ABS_SETUP, &mut a, "UI_ABS_SETUP")?;
}
// The xpad identity: SDL keys its built-in mapping off bustype/vendor/product/version.
let mut setup = UinputSetup {
id: InputId {
bustype: 0x0003, // BUS_USB
vendor: identity.vendor,
product: identity.product,
version: identity.version,
},
name: [0; 80],
ff_effects_max: 16, // must be > 0 or FF uploads are never delivered
};
let name = identity.name;
setup.name[..name.len()].copy_from_slice(name);
ioctl_ptr(raw, UI_DEV_SETUP, &mut setup, "UI_DEV_SETUP")?;
ioctl_int(raw, UI_DEV_CREATE, 0, "UI_DEV_CREATE")?;
tracing::info!(
index,
pad = identity.log,
"virtual gamepad created (uinput)"
);
Ok(VirtualPad {
fd,
effects: HashMap::new(),
next_effect_id: 0,
gain: 0xFFFF,
last_mix: (0, 0),
})
}
fn emit(&self, type_: u16, code: u16, value: i32) {
let ev = InputEventRaw {
time: libc::timeval {
tv_sec: 0,
tv_usec: 0,
},
type_,
code,
value,
};
// SAFETY: `ev` is a live local `#[repr(C)]` struct of all-integer fields with no padding bytes
// (timeval=16 + u16 + u16 + i32 = 24, the size asserted above), so every byte is initialized and
// valid to read as `u8`. The pointer is non-null and `u8`-aligned (align 1), the length is exactly
// `size_of::<InputEventRaw>()` so the slice spans precisely `ev`'s bytes (in bounds), and `ev`
// outlives `bytes` (used immediately below) with no concurrent mutation (single-threaded local).
let bytes = unsafe {
std::slice::from_raw_parts(
&ev as *const _ as *const u8,
std::mem::size_of::<InputEventRaw>(),
)
};
// Best-effort: a full kernel queue drops the event; the next frame re-syncs state.
// SAFETY: `self.fd` is the live uinput `OwnedFd` (borrowed via `as_raw_fd`, so it stays open for
// the call); `bytes` is the slice above backed by the still-live local `ev`. `write` only READS
// exactly `bytes.len()` bytes from `bytes.as_ptr()` (in bounds) and retains nothing past return,
// so the buffer outlives the synchronous call and the read-only access cannot race or alias.
let _ = unsafe {
libc::write(
self.fd.as_raw_fd(),
bytes.as_ptr() as *const libc::c_void,
bytes.len(),
)
};
}
/// Apply one decoded frame: button state, axes, D-pad hat, one SYN_REPORT.
pub fn apply(&mut self, f: &GamepadFrame) {
// Re-assert every mapped button's absolute state each frame — exactly like the axes below —
// instead of only writing XOR-changed edges. `emit` is best-effort (a full kernel queue drops
// the write), so an edge-only scheme would strand a dropped press/release until that button
// next toggles; re-asserting re-syncs it on the following frame. Restating an unchanged key is
// free downstream: the kernel input core discards an EV_KEY whose value already matches the
// device's current state (no duplicate event reaches consumers, and BTN_* keys don't autorepeat).
for (bit, key) in BUTTON_MAP {
self.emit(EV_KEY, key, ((f.buttons & bit) != 0) as i32);
}
// Moonlight: +Y = up; evdev: +Y = down → negate (i32 math avoids -(-32768) overflow).
self.emit(EV_ABS, ABS_X, f.ls_x as i32);
self.emit(EV_ABS, ABS_Y, -(f.ls_y as i32));
self.emit(EV_ABS, ABS_RX, f.rs_x as i32);
self.emit(EV_ABS, ABS_RY, -(f.rs_y as i32));
self.emit(EV_ABS, ABS_Z, f.left_trigger as i32);
self.emit(EV_ABS, ABS_RZ, f.right_trigger as i32);
let hat_x = ((f.buttons & gamepad::BTN_DPAD_RIGHT != 0) as i32)
- ((f.buttons & gamepad::BTN_DPAD_LEFT != 0) as i32);
let hat_y = ((f.buttons & gamepad::BTN_DPAD_DOWN != 0) as i32)
- ((f.buttons & gamepad::BTN_DPAD_UP != 0) as i32);
self.emit(EV_ABS, ABS_HAT0X, hat_x);
self.emit(EV_ABS, ABS_HAT0Y, hat_y);
self.emit(EV_SYN, SYN_REPORT, 0);
}
/// Service the FF protocol on this pad's fd (non-blocking). Returns the new mixed
/// `(low, high)` motor levels if they changed since last call.
fn pump_ff(&mut self) -> Option<(u16, u16)> {
let raw = self.fd.as_raw_fd();
let mut buf = [0u8; std::mem::size_of::<InputEventRaw>()];
loop {
// SAFETY: `raw` is the live raw fd of `self.fd` (the non-blocking uinput device). `buf` is a
// live local `[u8; size_of::<InputEventRaw>()]`; `buf.as_mut_ptr()` is a valid writable pointer
// to its `buf.len()` bytes. `read` writes AT MOST `buf.len()` bytes (in bounds), the buffer
// outlives this synchronous call, and `buf` is borrowed uniquely here (no alias/race).
let n = unsafe { libc::read(raw, buf.as_mut_ptr() as *mut libc::c_void, buf.len()) };
if n != buf.len() as isize {
break; // EAGAIN / short read — queue drained
}
// SAFETY: `buf` is exactly `size_of::<InputEventRaw>()` bytes and fully written by the
// `read` above. `read_unaligned` (not `read`) because the `[u8]` buffer is 1-aligned but
// `InputEventRaw` needs 8 (it holds a `timeval`) — a plain `ptr::read` would be UB.
let ev: InputEventRaw =
unsafe { std::ptr::read_unaligned(buf.as_ptr() as *const InputEventRaw) };
match (ev.type_, ev.code) {
(EV_UINPUT, UI_FF_UPLOAD) => {
// SAFETY: `UinputFfUpload` is `#[repr(C)]` over integers (`u32`, `i32`) and two
// `FfEffect`s (integers + `[u8; 32]`); all-zero is a valid bit pattern for every field
// (no bool/NonZero/enum/reference niche), so `zeroed` yields a fully-initialized valid
// value — `request_id` is then set below and the rest filled by UI_BEGIN_FF_UPLOAD.
let mut up: UinputFfUpload = unsafe { std::mem::zeroed() };
up.request_id = ev.value as u32;
if ioctl_ptr(raw, UI_BEGIN_FF_UPLOAD, &mut up, "UI_BEGIN_FF_UPLOAD").is_ok() {
let mut e = up.effect;
if e.id == -1 {
e.id = self.next_effect_id;
self.next_effect_id = self.next_effect_id.wrapping_add(1);
}
if e.type_ == FF_RUMBLE {
let strong = u16::from_ne_bytes([e.u[0], e.u[1]]);
let weak = u16::from_ne_bytes([e.u[2], e.u[3]]);
let slot = self.effects.entry(e.id).or_insert(Effect {
strong: 0,
weak: 0,
playing: None,
replay_ms: 0,
});
slot.strong = strong;
slot.weak = weak;
slot.replay_ms = e.replay_length;
}
up.effect.id = e.id; // hand the assigned slot back to the kernel
up.retval = 0;
let _ = ioctl_ptr(raw, UI_END_FF_UPLOAD, &mut up, "UI_END_FF_UPLOAD");
}
}
(EV_UINPUT, UI_FF_ERASE) => {
// SAFETY: `UinputFfErase` is `#[repr(C)]` over three integer fields (`u32`, `i32`,
// `u32`); all-zero is a valid bit pattern for each, so `zeroed` produces a fully-valid
// initialized value — `request_id` is set below and `effect_id` filled by the ioctl.
let mut er: UinputFfErase = unsafe { std::mem::zeroed() };
er.request_id = ev.value as u32;
if ioctl_ptr(raw, UI_BEGIN_FF_ERASE, &mut er, "UI_BEGIN_FF_ERASE").is_ok() {
self.effects.remove(&(er.effect_id as i16));
er.retval = 0;
let _ = ioctl_ptr(raw, UI_END_FF_ERASE, &mut er, "UI_END_FF_ERASE");
}
}
(EV_FF, FF_GAIN) => self.gain = (ev.value as u32).min(0xFFFF),
(EV_FF, code) => {
if let Some(e) = self.effects.get_mut(&(code as i16)) {
e.playing = if ev.value != 0 {
Some((e.replay_ms > 0).then(|| {
Instant::now()
+ std::time::Duration::from_millis(e.replay_ms as u64)
}))
} else {
None
};
}
}
_ => {}
}
}
// Mix: sum playing effects (expiring finished ones), scale by gain.
let now = Instant::now();
let (mut strong, mut weak) = (0u32, 0u32);
for e in self.effects.values_mut() {
if let Some(deadline) = e.playing {
if deadline.is_some_and(|d| now >= d) {
e.playing = None;
} else {
strong = strong.saturating_add(e.strong as u32);
weak = weak.saturating_add(e.weak as u32);
}
}
}
// Linux FF: strong = low-frequency (big) motor, weak = high-frequency motor.
let low = ((strong.min(0xFFFF) * self.gain) >> 16) as u16;
let high = ((weak.min(0xFFFF) * self.gain) >> 16) as u16;
(self.last_mix != (low, high)).then(|| {
self.last_mix = (low, high);
(low, high)
})
}
}
impl Drop for VirtualPad {
fn drop(&mut self) {
// SAFETY: `self.fd` is still the live owned uinput fd here (the `OwnedFd` field is closed only
// AFTER this `drop` body returns), borrowed by `as_raw_fd`. UI_DEV_DESTROY takes its argument
// (0) BY VALUE, so nothing is dereferenced or aliased; the ioctl just tears down the device.
let _ = unsafe { libc::ioctl(self.fd.as_raw_fd(), UI_DEV_DESTROY, 0) };
}
}
/// All virtual pads of a session, driven from decoded controller events. Stateless per frame
/// (uinput/evdev holds last-known state kernel-side), so it rides [`PadSlots`] directly — no state
/// vec, heartbeat, or rich plane like the UHID managers.
pub struct GamepadManager {
slots: PadSlots<VirtualPad>,
/// The USB identity every pad in this session presents (X-Box 360 by default, One/Series when
/// the client asked for `XboxOne`). All pads in a session share one identity.
identity: PadIdentity,
}
impl Default for GamepadManager {
fn default() -> GamepadManager {
GamepadManager::new()
}
}
impl GamepadManager {
/// A manager that creates X-Box 360 pads (the universal default).
pub fn new() -> GamepadManager {
GamepadManager::with_identity(PadIdentity::xbox360())
}
/// A manager whose pads present `identity` (see [`PadIdentity::xbox_one`]).
pub fn with_identity(identity: PadIdentity) -> GamepadManager {
GamepadManager {
slots: PadSlots::new(identity.log, "gamepad", ""),
identity,
}
}
/// Handle one decoded controller event (create/destroy by mask, then apply state).
pub fn handle(&mut self, ev: &punktfunk_core::input::GamepadEvent) {
use punktfunk_core::input::GamepadEvent;
match ev {
GamepadEvent::Arrival { index, kind, .. } => {
tracing::info!(index, kind, "controller arrival ({})", self.slots.label());
self.ensure(*index as usize);
}
GamepadEvent::State(f) => {
let idx = f.index as usize;
if idx >= MAX_PADS {
return;
}
// Unplugs: drop any allocated pad whose mask bit cleared (no per-index sibling
// state to reset — the pads mix rumble internally).
self.slots.sweep(f.active_mask);
if f.active_mask & (1 << idx) == 0 {
return; // this event WAS the unplug
}
self.ensure(idx);
if let Some(pad) = self.slots.get_mut(idx) {
pad.apply(f);
}
}
}
}
fn ensure(&mut self, idx: usize) {
let identity = self.identity;
// `VirtualPad::create` logs its own success line (it knows the identity + transport).
self.slots
.ensure(idx, |i| VirtualPad::create(i as usize, identity));
}
/// Service every pad's FF protocol; `send(index, low, high)` is invoked for each pad whose
/// mixed rumble level changed. Call frequently (games block in `EVIOCSFF` until answered).
pub fn pump_rumble(&mut self, mut send: impl FnMut(u16, u16, u16)) {
for (i, pad) in self.slots.iter_mut() {
if let Some((low, high)) = pad.pump_ff() {
send(i as u16, low, high);
}
}
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
use std::time::Duration;
/// The FF-capable evdev node whose input-device name contains `name`.
fn find_ff_node(name: &str) -> Option<String> {
let s = std::fs::read_to_string("/proc/bus/input/devices").unwrap_or_default();
let mut cur = String::new();
let mut node = None;
for line in s.lines() {
if let Some(n) = line.strip_prefix("N: Name=") {
cur = n.trim_matches('"').to_string();
} else if let Some(h) = line.strip_prefix("H: Handlers=") {
if cur.contains(name) {
node = h
.split_whitespace()
.find(|t| t.starts_with("event"))
.map(|ev| format!("/dev/input/{ev}"));
}
} else if line.starts_with("B: FF=")
&& cur.contains(name)
&& node.is_some()
&& !line.trim_end().ends_with("FF=0")
{
return node;
}
}
node
}
/// Upload + play an FF_RUMBLE like SDL's evdev haptic backend. Returns the OPEN fd (closing
/// it erases the process's effects, stopping the rumble) with the kernel-assigned id.
/// NOTE: EVIOCSFF BLOCKS until the uinput owner answers UI_FF_UPLOAD — the caller must be a
/// separate thread from the one running [`VirtualPad::pump_ff`], exactly like a real game vs
/// the host input loop.
fn evdev_rumble(node: &str, strong: u16, weak: u16) -> std::io::Result<(std::fs::File, i16)> {
use std::io::Write as _;
let mut f = std::fs::OpenOptions::new()
.read(true)
.write(true)
.open(node)?;
let mut eff = [0u8; 48]; // struct ff_effect; union (rumble magnitudes) at offset 16
eff[0..2].copy_from_slice(&FF_RUMBLE.to_ne_bytes());
eff[2..4].copy_from_slice(&(-1i16).to_ne_bytes()); // id: kernel assigns
eff[10..12].copy_from_slice(&5000u16.to_ne_bytes()); // replay.length ms
eff[16..18].copy_from_slice(&strong.to_ne_bytes());
eff[18..20].copy_from_slice(&weak.to_ne_bytes());
// EVIOCSFF = _IOW('E', 0x80, struct ff_effect)
let req: libc::c_ulong = (1 << 30) | (48 << 16) | (0x45 << 8) | 0x80;
// SAFETY: EVIOCSFF reads/writes the 48-byte ff_effect behind the valid fd `f`; `eff` is
// exactly sizeof(struct ff_effect) and outlives the synchronous call.
let rc = unsafe { libc::ioctl(f.as_raw_fd(), req, eff.as_mut_ptr()) };
if rc < 0 {
return Err(std::io::Error::last_os_error());
}
let id = i16::from_ne_bytes([eff[2], eff[3]]);
let mut ev = [0u8; 24]; // struct input_event: timeval 16, type u16, code u16, value s32
ev[16..18].copy_from_slice(&EV_FF.to_ne_bytes());
ev[18..20].copy_from_slice(&(id as u16).to_ne_bytes());
ev[20..24].copy_from_slice(&1i32.to_ne_bytes()); // play
f.write_all(&ev)?;
Ok((f, id))
}
/// On-box proof of the uinput FF back-channel, playing the GAME's role: an evdev FF_RUMBLE
/// upload+play against the virtual X-Box 360 pad must surface through `pump_ff` (the
/// EV_UINPUT UI_FF_UPLOAD protocol) — the path every `auto`-kind session's rumble rides on
/// Linux — and erasing the effect (fd close) must surface the stop.
#[test]
#[ignore = "creates a real /dev/uinput device; needs the input group"]
fn ff_upload_reaches_pump_and_stops_on_erase() {
let mut pad = VirtualPad::create(0, PadIdentity::xbox360()).expect("create uinput pad");
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(700)); // let udev settle the node
let node = find_ff_node("Microsoft X-Box 360 pad").expect("no X-Box 360 evdev node");
let game = std::thread::spawn(move || {
let r = evdev_rumble(&node, 0xC000, 0x4000);
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(1200)); // hold the effect, then erase
r.expect("EVIOCSFF/play (fd held meanwhile)");
});
let start = Instant::now();
let mut seen = Vec::new();
while start.elapsed() < Duration::from_millis(2500) {
if let Some(mix) = pad.pump_ff() {
seen.push(mix);
}
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(4));
}
game.join().unwrap();
// Requested magnitudes scaled by the 0xFFFF default gain (>> 16).
assert!(
seen.contains(&(0xBFFF, 0x3FFF)),
"evdev FF rumble never surfaced through pump_ff: {seen:?}"
);
assert_eq!(
seen.last(),
Some(&(0, 0)),
"erase-on-close never produced a stop mix: {seen:?}"
);
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,441 @@
//! Headless input injection on KWin via the privileged `org_kde_kwin_fake_input` protocol — the
//! exact path KDE's own headless RDP server (`krdpserver`) uses. KWin advertises this restricted
//! global only to a client authorized through its installed `.desktop` `X-KDE-Wayland-Interfaces`
//! (we ship `io.unom.Punktfunk.Host.desktop`, which lists `org_kde_kwin_fake_input` alongside
//! `zkde_screencast_unstable_v1`). Binding the global IS the authorization, so injection needs **no
//! RemoteDesktop portal and no "Allow remote control?" dialog** — it works with no user present,
//! which the libei/portal path cannot. We connect as an ordinary Wayland client on the KWin session's
//! `$WAYLAND_DISPLAY` and translate events into fake-input requests; keyboard keys are raw Linux
//! evdev codes that KWin resolves through the session's own keymap (no keymap upload, unlike the wlr
//! virtual-keyboard path), and absolute pointer/touch coordinates are global compositor space.
//!
//! Global compositor space is *logical* pixels (post display-scaling), which only equals the streamed
//! output's physical pixels at scale 1. Under a fractional/integer scale the logical edge sits at
//! `physical / scale`, so feeding the raw streamed pixel coordinate lands the cursor `scale×` too far
//! toward the bottom-right (top-left stays put). We therefore track each output's logical geometry
//! (position + size) via `xdg-output` and map the normalized client position into the matching
//! output's logical rectangle — the same shape the libei backend uses with its EI region.
#![allow(clippy::all, dead_code, non_camel_case_types, non_snake_case, unused)]
// Every `unsafe` block in this file carries a `// SAFETY:` proof; enforce it (unsafe-proof program).
#![deny(clippy::undocumented_unsafe_blocks)]
use super::{gs_button_to_evdev, vk_to_evdev, InputEvent, InputInjector};
use anyhow::{Context, Result};
use punktfunk_core::input::InputKind;
use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
use wayland_client::protocol::wl_output::{self, WlOutput};
use wayland_client::protocol::wl_registry::{self, WlRegistry};
use wayland_client::{Connection, Dispatch, EventQueue, Proxy, QueueHandle, WEnum};
use wayland_protocols::xdg::xdg_output::zv1::client::{
zxdg_output_manager_v1::ZxdgOutputManagerV1,
zxdg_output_v1::{self, ZxdgOutputV1},
};
// Generate the client bindings for the vendored protocol XML inline (no build.rs), exactly like the
// KWin virtual-output backend. Path is relative to CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR.
#[allow(clippy::all, dead_code, non_camel_case_types, non_snake_case, unused)]
pub mod fake {
use wayland_client;
use wayland_client::protocol::*;
pub mod __interfaces {
use wayland_client::protocol::__interfaces::*;
wayland_scanner::generate_interfaces!("protocols/fake-input.xml");
}
use self::__interfaces::*;
wayland_scanner::generate_client_code!("protocols/fake-input.xml");
}
use fake::org_kde_kwin_fake_input::OrgKdeKwinFakeInput as FakeInput;
/// Highest interface version we drive. `keyboard_key` arrived at v4; KWin advertises ≥4.
const MAX_VERSION: u32 = 4;
/// `wl_pointer.axis` values used by `axis`.
const AXIS_VERTICAL: u32 = 0;
const AXIS_HORIZONTAL: u32 = 1;
/// `code` value marking a horizontal scroll event (mirrors `gamestream::input` / the wlr backend).
const SCROLL_HORIZONTAL: u32 = 1;
/// One tracked output: its physical mode (to match the streamed resolution) and its logical geometry
/// (the global-compositor-space rectangle absolute coordinates are addressed in). `logical_w == 0`
/// means xdg-output hasn't reported its size yet.
struct OutputTrack {
/// Registry global id — also the dispatch user-data, so events route back to this entry.
name: u32,
wl_output: WlOutput,
xdg_output: Option<ZxdgOutputV1>,
/// Physical pixel mode from `wl_output.mode` (the `current` mode); matched against the streamed WxH.
mode_w: i32,
mode_h: i32,
/// Logical (post-scale) geometry from `xdg-output`.
logical_x: i32,
logical_y: i32,
logical_w: i32,
logical_h: i32,
}
/// Registry-bound globals (the Wayland dispatch state).
#[derive(Default)]
struct State {
fake: Option<FakeInput>,
xdg_mgr: Option<ZxdgOutputManagerV1>,
outputs: Vec<OutputTrack>,
}
impl State {
/// Create the `xdg_output` for a tracked output once both it and the manager exist.
fn ensure_xdg_output(o: &mut OutputTrack, mgr: &ZxdgOutputManagerV1, qh: &QueueHandle<State>) {
if o.xdg_output.is_none() {
o.xdg_output = Some(mgr.get_xdg_output(&o.wl_output, qh, o.name));
}
}
}
impl Dispatch<WlRegistry, ()> for State {
fn event(
state: &mut Self,
registry: &WlRegistry,
event: wl_registry::Event,
_: &(),
_: &Connection,
qh: &QueueHandle<Self>,
) {
match event {
wl_registry::Event::Global {
name,
interface,
version,
} => match interface.as_str() {
"org_kde_kwin_fake_input" => {
state.fake = Some(registry.bind(name, version.min(MAX_VERSION), qh, ()));
}
"wl_output" => {
// v1 carries `mode` (all we need); bind no higher than the proxy's max (4).
let wl_output: WlOutput = registry.bind(name, version.min(4), qh, name);
let mut o = OutputTrack {
name,
wl_output,
xdg_output: None,
mode_w: 0,
mode_h: 0,
logical_x: 0,
logical_y: 0,
logical_w: 0,
logical_h: 0,
};
if let Some(mgr) = state.xdg_mgr.clone() {
State::ensure_xdg_output(&mut o, &mgr, qh);
}
state.outputs.push(o);
}
"zxdg_output_manager_v1" => {
let mgr: ZxdgOutputManagerV1 = registry.bind(name, version.min(3), qh, ());
// Outputs bound before the manager have no xdg_output yet — create them now.
for o in state.outputs.iter_mut() {
State::ensure_xdg_output(o, &mgr, qh);
}
state.xdg_mgr = Some(mgr);
}
_ => {}
},
wl_registry::Event::GlobalRemove { name } => {
state.outputs.retain(|o| {
if o.name == name {
if let Some(x) = &o.xdg_output {
x.destroy();
}
false
} else {
true
}
});
}
_ => {}
}
}
}
// fake_input emits no events.
impl Dispatch<FakeInput, ()> for State {
fn event(
_: &mut Self,
_: &FakeInput,
_: <FakeInput as Proxy>::Event,
_: &(),
_: &Connection,
_: &QueueHandle<Self>,
) {
}
}
impl Dispatch<WlOutput, u32> for State {
fn event(
state: &mut Self,
_: &WlOutput,
event: wl_output::Event,
name: &u32,
_: &Connection,
_: &QueueHandle<Self>,
) {
// Only the *current* mode matters — a real monitor also advertises its other supported modes.
if let wl_output::Event::Mode {
flags: WEnum::Value(flags),
width,
height,
..
} = event
{
if flags.contains(wl_output::Mode::Current) {
if let Some(o) = state.outputs.iter_mut().find(|o| o.name == *name) {
o.mode_w = width;
o.mode_h = height;
}
}
}
}
}
impl Dispatch<ZxdgOutputV1, u32> for State {
fn event(
state: &mut Self,
_: &ZxdgOutputV1,
event: zxdg_output_v1::Event,
name: &u32,
_: &Connection,
_: &QueueHandle<Self>,
) {
if let Some(o) = state.outputs.iter_mut().find(|o| o.name == *name) {
match event {
zxdg_output_v1::Event::LogicalPosition { x, y } => {
o.logical_x = x;
o.logical_y = y;
}
zxdg_output_v1::Event::LogicalSize { width, height } => {
o.logical_w = width;
o.logical_h = height;
}
_ => {}
}
}
}
}
// The manager has no events.
impl Dispatch<ZxdgOutputManagerV1, ()> for State {
fn event(
_: &mut Self,
_: &ZxdgOutputManagerV1,
_: <ZxdgOutputManagerV1 as Proxy>::Event,
_: &(),
_: &Connection,
_: &QueueHandle<Self>,
) {
}
}
pub struct KwinFakeInjector {
conn: Connection,
queue: EventQueue<State>,
state: State,
fake: FakeInput,
/// When output geometry was last re-read; throttles the per-event roundtrip (see `refresh_geometry`).
last_refresh: Option<Instant>,
}
/// How often the fake_input backend re-reads output geometry from the compositor. Output add/remove
/// (a new session's virtual output) and live scale/resolution changes are infrequent, so a lazy
/// poll on the injector's own thread is plenty and adds at most one local-socket roundtrip twice a
/// second — versus a blocking roundtrip on every single mouse-move event.
const GEO_REFRESH: Duration = Duration::from_millis(500);
impl KwinFakeInjector {
pub fn open() -> Result<Self> {
let conn = Connection::connect_to_env()
.context("connect to KWin Wayland (is WAYLAND_DISPLAY set to the KWin socket?)")?;
let mut queue = conn.new_event_queue();
let qh = queue.handle();
let _registry = conn.display().get_registry(&qh, ());
let mut state = State::default();
queue
.roundtrip(&mut state)
.context("Wayland registry roundtrip")?;
let fake = state.fake.clone().context(
"KWin does not expose org_kde_kwin_fake_input to this client — install the host's \
.desktop (io.unom.Punktfunk.Host.desktop, X-KDE-Wayland-Interfaces) and re-login so \
KWin authorizes it (the grant is cached per-exe on first connect), or this is not a \
KWin session",
)?;
// Authenticate (the legacy handshake; for an interface-authorized client KWin accepts it
// without a dialog — same as krdpserver/krfb headless).
fake.authenticate("punktfunk".into(), "remote streaming input".into());
queue
.roundtrip(&mut state)
.context("fake_input authenticate roundtrip")?;
conn.flush().ok();
// Settle output geometry (wl_output + xdg-output were bound during the registry roundtrip
// above; their logical_size arrives on a follow-up roundtrip). Best-effort — falls back to
// scale-1 mapping if xdg-output is absent.
let mut injector = Self {
conn,
queue,
state,
fake,
last_refresh: None,
};
injector.refresh_geometry();
tracing::info!(
outputs = injector.state.outputs.len(),
"KWin fake_input ready (headless keyboard/mouse/touch — no portal)"
);
Ok(injector)
}
/// Re-read output geometry, throttled to [`GEO_REFRESH`]. A `roundtrip` both flushes any pending
/// `get_xdg_output` requests and reads the geometry events back. A wl_output that *appeared* this
/// round only gets its xdg_output created mid-dispatch, so its `logical_size` lands on a later
/// roundtrip — keep going (bounded) until every output is settled.
fn refresh_geometry(&mut self) {
let now = Instant::now();
if let Some(t) = self.last_refresh {
if now.duration_since(t) < GEO_REFRESH {
return;
}
}
self.last_refresh = Some(now);
for _ in 0..3 {
if self.queue.roundtrip(&mut self.state).is_err() {
return;
}
let pending =
self.state.xdg_mgr.is_some() && self.state.outputs.iter().any(|o| o.logical_w == 0);
if !pending {
break;
}
}
}
/// Resolve the logical (global-compositor-space) rectangle to map a normalized client position
/// into. Prefer the output whose physical mode matches the streamed `phys_w`×`phys_h` (the
/// per-session virtual output); fall back to the sole output, then — if xdg-output is unavailable
/// — to the streamed pixels at the origin (the pre-scaling behavior, correct at scale 1).
fn logical_target(&self, phys_w: i32, phys_h: i32) -> (f64, f64, f64, f64) {
let usable = || {
self.state
.outputs
.iter()
.filter(|o| o.logical_w > 0 && o.logical_h > 0)
};
let chosen = usable()
.find(|o| o.mode_w == phys_w && o.mode_h == phys_h)
.or_else(|| {
let mut it = usable();
match (it.next(), it.next()) {
(Some(only), None) => Some(only),
_ => None,
}
});
match chosen {
Some(o) => (
o.logical_x as f64,
o.logical_y as f64,
o.logical_w as f64,
o.logical_h as f64,
),
None => (0.0, 0.0, phys_w as f64, phys_h as f64),
}
}
}
impl InputInjector for KwinFakeInjector {
fn inject(&mut self, event: &InputEvent) -> Result<()> {
match event.kind {
InputKind::MouseMove => {
self.fake.pointer_motion(event.x as f64, event.y as f64);
}
InputKind::MouseMoveAbs => {
let w = ((event.flags >> 16) & 0xffff) as i32;
let h = (event.flags & 0xffff) as i32;
if w > 0 && h > 0 {
self.refresh_geometry();
let (lx, ly, lw, lh) = self.logical_target(w, h);
// Normalize in the streamed (physical) pixel space, then place inside the output's
// logical rectangle — so display scaling no longer offsets the cursor.
let nx = (event.x as f64 / w as f64).clamp(0.0, 1.0);
let ny = (event.y as f64 / h as f64).clamp(0.0, 1.0);
self.fake
.pointer_motion_absolute(lx + nx * lw, ly + ny * lh);
}
}
InputKind::MouseButtonDown | InputKind::MouseButtonUp => {
if let Some(btn) = gs_button_to_evdev(event.code) {
let st = u32::from(event.kind == InputKind::MouseButtonDown);
self.fake.button(btn, st);
}
}
InputKind::MouseScroll => {
// GameStream sends WHEEL_DELTA(120)-scaled units; a notch ≈ 15px. Vertical flips
// sign on the Wayland axis, horizontal passes through — same as the wlr backend.
let horizontal = event.code == SCROLL_HORIZONTAL;
let axis = if horizontal {
AXIS_HORIZONTAL
} else {
AXIS_VERTICAL
};
let notches = event.x as f64 / 120.0;
let sign = if horizontal { 1.0 } else { -1.0 };
self.fake.axis(axis, sign * notches * 15.0);
}
InputKind::KeyDown | InputKind::KeyUp => {
// Raw evdev keycode; KWin resolves it through the session's own keymap (and tracks
// modifier state itself, so no separate modifiers request is needed).
if let Some(evdev) = vk_to_evdev(event.code as u8) {
let st = u32::from(event.kind == InputKind::KeyDown);
self.fake.keyboard_key(evdev as u32, st);
} else {
tracing::debug!(vk = event.code, "unmapped VK keycode — dropped");
}
}
// Touch: id = event.code, coords in the client surface w×h packed into flags (same
// absolute mapping as MouseMoveAbs). Each event is its own frame.
InputKind::TouchDown | InputKind::TouchMove => {
let w = ((event.flags >> 16) & 0xffff) as i32;
let h = (event.flags & 0xffff) as i32;
if w > 0 && h > 0 {
self.refresh_geometry();
let (lx, ly, lw, lh) = self.logical_target(w, h);
let nx = (event.x as f64 / w as f64).clamp(0.0, 1.0);
let ny = (event.y as f64 / h as f64).clamp(0.0, 1.0);
let x = lx + nx * lw;
let y = ly + ny * lh;
if event.kind == InputKind::TouchDown {
self.fake.touch_down(event.code, x, y);
} else {
self.fake.touch_motion(event.code, x, y);
}
self.fake.touch_frame();
}
}
InputKind::TouchUp => {
self.fake.touch_up(event.code);
self.fake.touch_frame();
}
// Gamepads are injected through uinput, not the compositor.
InputKind::GamepadState
| InputKind::GamepadButton
| InputKind::GamepadAxis
| InputKind::GamepadRemove
| InputKind::GamepadArrival => {}
}
// Surface protocol errors / disconnects, then push the batch to the compositor.
self.queue
.dispatch_pending(&mut self.state)
.context("wayland dispatch")?;
self.conn.flush().context("wayland flush")?;
Ok(())
}
}
+740
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,740 @@
//! libei input injection — the portable EI-sender path.
//!
//! Two ways to reach an EIS server ([`EiSource`]):
//! * **Portal** — `org.freedesktop.portal.RemoteDesktop` via `ashpd` (KWin, GNOME/Mutter),
//! which hands us the EIS socket fd after the session grant.
//! * **Socket** — connect directly to a compositor's own EIS socket. gamescope runs an EIS
//! server and exports its path to its children as `LIBEI_SOCKET`; our gamescope backend
//! relays that path through a file so the injector can connect (no portal involved).
//!
//! Either way, `reis` drives the connection as an EI *sender*: bind the seat's
//! pointer/keyboard/scroll/button capabilities and, per device, `start_emulating` → emit →
//! `frame`. The session and the EIS connection must stay alive and the event stream must be
//! polled continuously (resume/pause/ping/modifier traffic), so the whole thing runs on a
//! dedicated thread with its own tokio runtime; the synchronous control thread reaches it
//! through an unbounded channel and [`LibeiInjector::inject`] merely enqueues.
//!
//! Keyboard codes are Linux evdev (the same space our VK→evdev table produces) and the
//! compositor supplies the keymap, so — unlike the wlr path — there is no keymap to upload and
//! no modifier mask to serialize: pressing the modifier *keys* (which Moonlight sends as normal
//! key events) is enough.
use super::{gs_button_to_evdev, vk_to_evdev, InputInjector};
use anyhow::{anyhow, Result};
use ashpd::desktop::{
remote_desktop::{
ConnectToEISOptions, DeviceType, RemoteDesktop, SelectDevicesOptions, StartOptions,
},
CreateSessionOptions, PersistMode,
};
use ashpd::zbus;
use futures_util::StreamExt;
use punktfunk_core::input::{InputEvent, InputKind};
use reis::ei;
use reis::event::{DeviceCapability, EiEvent};
use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::os::unix::net::UnixStream;
use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
use tokio::sync::mpsc::{unbounded_channel, UnboundedReceiver, UnboundedSender};
/// `code` value marking a horizontal scroll event (mirrors `gamestream::input`).
const SCROLL_HORIZONTAL: u32 = 1;
/// Where to find the EIS server.
#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
pub enum EiSource {
/// `org.freedesktop.portal.RemoteDesktop` via `ashpd` (KWin — a pre-seeded grant avoids the
/// approval dialog).
Portal,
/// Mutter's *direct* `org.gnome.Mutter.RemoteDesktop` EIS (GNOME). Unlike the xdg portal, this
/// needs no interactive "Allow remote control?" approval — which a headless host can't answer,
/// so the portal's `Start()` would just time out. Mirrors how the Mutter *video* backend uses
/// the same direct API.
MutterEis,
/// A file containing the EIS socket path/name (gamescope's relayed `LIBEI_SOCKET`); polled
/// until it appears, since the compositor may still be starting.
SocketPathFile(std::path::PathBuf),
}
/// Handle held by the control thread; forwards events to the libei worker thread.
pub struct LibeiInjector {
tx: UnboundedSender<InputEvent>,
}
impl LibeiInjector {
pub fn open() -> Result<Self> {
Self::open_with(EiSource::Portal)
}
pub fn open_with(source: EiSource) -> Result<Self> {
let (tx, rx) = unbounded_channel::<InputEvent>();
std::thread::Builder::new()
.name("punktfunk-libei".into())
.spawn(move || worker(rx, source))
.map_err(|e| anyhow!("spawn libei worker thread: {e}"))?;
// Return immediately — the portal/socket handshake must NOT run on the caller's
// (control) thread, or a slow/denied setup would freeze the ENet control stream and
// drop the client. The worker establishes the session asynchronously and logs its
// status; events enqueue until devices resume (a few startup events may be dropped).
Ok(Self { tx })
}
}
impl InputInjector for LibeiInjector {
fn inject(&mut self, event: &InputEvent) -> Result<()> {
self.tx
.send(*event)
.map_err(|_| anyhow!("libei worker thread has exited"))
}
}
/// Worker thread entry: build a tokio runtime and run the session to completion.
fn worker(rx: UnboundedReceiver<InputEvent>, source: EiSource) {
let rt = match tokio::runtime::Builder::new_multi_thread()
.worker_threads(1)
.enable_all()
.build()
{
Ok(rt) => rt,
Err(e) => {
tracing::error!(error = %e, "libei: build tokio runtime failed");
return;
}
};
rt.block_on(session_main(rx, source));
}
/// Open the portal/socket + EIS (bounded), then pump events until disconnect or shutdown.
async fn session_main(mut rx: UnboundedReceiver<InputEvent>, source: EiSource) {
// Keep `_rd`/`_session` bound for the whole loop — dropping the portal session closes the
// EIS connection. Bound the setup so a headless approval dialog (un-bypassed grant) can't
// hang the worker forever.
let (_keepalive, context, mut events) = match tokio::time::timeout(
Duration::from_secs(30),
connect(source),
)
.await
{
Ok(Ok(t)) => t,
Ok(Err(e)) => {
tracing::error!(error = %format!("{e:#}"), "libei: portal/EIS setup failed");
return;
}
Err(_) => {
tracing::error!(
"libei: EIS setup timed out (headless approval needed / kde-authorized grant not seeded / gamescope socket never appeared)"
);
return;
}
};
tracing::info!("libei: EIS connected — awaiting devices");
let mut state = EiState::new();
// Watchdog: a healthy EIS server adds + resumes an input device within a beat of the handshake.
// If none has resumed by this deadline, the connection is dead-on-arrival (stale/half-ready
// gamescope socket the handshake passed but no real server is behind) — exit so the next
// inject() fails and InjectorService reopens against a fresh socket, instead of silently
// swallowing every event for the whole session.
let resume_deadline = tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(5));
tokio::pin!(resume_deadline);
let mut resumed_once = false;
loop {
tokio::select! {
ei = events.next() => match ei {
Some(Ok(ev)) => {
state.handle_ei(ev, &context);
if !resumed_once && state.devices.iter().any(|d| d.resumed) {
resumed_once = true;
}
}
Some(Err(e)) => { tracing::warn!(error = %e, "libei: event stream error"); break; }
None => { tracing::info!("libei: EIS disconnected"); break; }
},
msg = rx.recv() => match msg {
Some(input) => state.inject(&input, &context),
None => { tracing::info!("libei: injector closed — ending session"); break; }
},
_ = &mut resume_deadline, if !resumed_once => {
tracing::warn!(
"libei: no input device resumed within 5s of connecting — treating the EIS \
connection as dead and reopening (stale or half-ready compositor socket)"
);
break;
}
}
}
// A client that vanished mid-press must not leave keys/buttons latched in the
// compositor — Mutter keeps the implicit grab of a destroyed device's button and the
// focused app stops taking clicks until it is restarted. Release everything still
// held before the EIS connection (and its devices) go away.
state.release_all(&context);
}
/// Tie down the verbose tuple the connect step returns. The keep-alive must stay alive for the
/// whole session — dropping the portal/Mutter session closes the EIS connection; for the
/// direct-socket path it's `Box::new(())`.
type Connected = (
Box<dyn Send>,
ei::Context,
reis::tokio::EiConvertEventStream,
);
/// Reach an EIS server per `source` and run the EI sender handshake.
async fn connect(source: EiSource) -> Result<Connected> {
let (keepalive, stream): (Box<dyn Send>, UnixStream) = match source {
EiSource::Portal => {
let (rd, session, fd) = connect_portal().await?;
(Box::new((rd, session)), UnixStream::from(fd))
}
EiSource::MutterEis => {
let (keepalive, fd) = connect_mutter().await?;
(keepalive, UnixStream::from(fd))
}
EiSource::SocketPathFile(file) => (Box::new(()), connect_socket_file(&file).await?),
};
let context = ei::Context::new(stream).map_err(|e| anyhow!("reis EI context: {e}"))?;
// Bound the handshake. `UnixStream::connect` to a socket *file* succeeds the moment the path
// exists, but a stale/half-ready gamescope (its socket created early in startup, or left behind
// by a SIGKILLed prior session) may never drive the EI handshake — which would otherwise hang
// this worker forever. A bounded handshake lets the worker error out so InjectorService reopens.
let (_conn, events) = tokio::time::timeout(
Duration::from_secs(8),
context.handshake_tokio("punktfunk-host", ei::handshake::ContextType::Sender),
)
.await
.map_err(|_| {
anyhow!("EI handshake timed out (EIS server not responding — stale/half-ready socket?)")
})?
.map_err(|e| anyhow!("EI handshake: {e}"))?;
Ok((keepalive, context, events))
}
/// Open a RemoteDesktop portal session (pointer + keyboard) and obtain the EIS socket fd.
async fn connect_portal() -> Result<(
RemoteDesktop,
ashpd::desktop::Session<RemoteDesktop>,
std::os::fd::OwnedFd,
)> {
let rd = RemoteDesktop::new()
.await
.map_err(|e| anyhow!("open RemoteDesktop portal (is xdg-desktop-portal-kde/gnome running and XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP set?): {e}"))?;
let session = rd
.create_session(CreateSessionOptions::default())
.await
.map_err(|e| anyhow!("create RemoteDesktop session: {e}"))?;
rd.select_devices(
&session,
SelectDevicesOptions::default()
.set_devices(DeviceType::Keyboard | DeviceType::Pointer | DeviceType::Touchscreen)
.set_persist_mode(PersistMode::DoNot),
)
.await
.map_err(|e| anyhow!("select_devices: {e}"))?
.response()
.map_err(|e| anyhow!("select_devices response: {e}"))?;
let started = rd
.start(&session, None, StartOptions::default())
.await
.map_err(|e| anyhow!("start RemoteDesktop session: {e}"))?;
let granted = started
.response()
.map_err(|e| anyhow!("RemoteDesktop start denied: {e}"))?;
tracing::info!(devices = ?granted.devices(), "libei: portal granted devices");
let fd = rd
.connect_to_eis(&session, ConnectToEISOptions::default())
.await
.map_err(|e| anyhow!("connect_to_eis (RemoteDesktop portal version < 2?): {e}"))?;
Ok((rd, session, fd))
}
/// GNOME path: get the EIS socket fd from Mutter's *direct* `org.gnome.Mutter.RemoteDesktop` API
/// (`CreateSession` → `Start` → `ConnectToEIS`). No xdg portal is involved, so there is no
/// interactive "Allow remote control?" approval to satisfy — exactly why [`connect_portal`] times
/// out on a headless GNOME host. (Same direct API the Mutter *video* backend uses.) The returned
/// keep-alive owns the D-Bus connection + session; dropping it tears the Mutter session down and
/// closes the EIS connection (Mutter sessions die with their D-Bus connection).
async fn connect_mutter() -> Result<(Box<dyn Send>, std::os::fd::OwnedFd)> {
use zbus::zvariant::{OwnedObjectPath, Value};
let conn = zbus::Connection::session()
.await
.map_err(|e| anyhow!("connect session D-Bus (Mutter RemoteDesktop): {e}"))?;
let rd = zbus::Proxy::new(
&conn,
"org.gnome.Mutter.RemoteDesktop",
"/org/gnome/Mutter/RemoteDesktop",
"org.gnome.Mutter.RemoteDesktop",
)
.await
.map_err(|e| anyhow!("Mutter RemoteDesktop proxy (is gnome-shell running?): {e}"))?;
let session_path: OwnedObjectPath = rd
.call("CreateSession", &())
.await
.map_err(|e| anyhow!("Mutter RemoteDesktop.CreateSession: {e}"))?;
let session = zbus::Proxy::new(
&conn,
"org.gnome.Mutter.RemoteDesktop",
session_path,
"org.gnome.Mutter.RemoteDesktop.Session",
)
.await
.map_err(|e| anyhow!("Mutter RemoteDesktop.Session proxy: {e}"))?;
session
.call_method("Start", &())
.await
.map_err(|e| anyhow!("Mutter RemoteDesktop.Session.Start: {e}"))?;
let options: HashMap<&str, Value> = HashMap::new();
let fd: zbus::zvariant::OwnedFd = session
.call("ConnectToEIS", &(options,))
.await
.map_err(|e| anyhow!("Mutter RemoteDesktop.Session.ConnectToEIS: {e}"))?;
tracing::info!("libei: connected to Mutter's direct RemoteDesktop EIS (no portal approval)");
Ok((Box::new((conn, session)), std::os::fd::OwnedFd::from(fd)))
}
/// Poll `file` for the EIS socket path (the gamescope backend relays `LIBEI_SOCKET` there once
/// the nested app launches), then connect. A bare name is resolved against `XDG_RUNTIME_DIR`,
/// mirroring libei's own `LIBEI_SOCKET` semantics.
async fn connect_socket_file(file: &std::path::Path) -> Result<UnixStream> {
// The relay file is rewritten each session with the CURRENT gamescope's `LIBEI_SOCKET`, and the
// socket may not be `listen()`ing the instant its name appears — or the file may briefly still
// hold a prior, now-dead session's name (the host-lifetime injector reconnecting between
// sessions). So poll: RE-READ the file and RETRY the connect, treating "refused"/"missing" as
// not-ready-yet (the exact "Connection refused" we saw when a stale socket lingered). Bounded so
// a genuinely wedged setup still surfaces an error.
let deadline = std::time::Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(15);
let mut logged = String::new();
loop {
// Defense-in-depth: never follow a symlinked relay file. It lives under `$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR`
// (per-user 0700) so a cross-user plant is already blocked, but refuse a symlink outright
// rather than read through one to an attacker-chosen target (a rogue EIS server would
// keylog/deny the session's input; security-review 2026-06-28 #6).
if std::fs::symlink_metadata(file)
.map(|m| m.file_type().is_symlink())
.unwrap_or(false)
{
return Err(anyhow!(
"EIS relay file {} is a symlink — refusing to follow it",
file.display()
));
}
if let Ok(s) = std::fs::read_to_string(file) {
let name = s.trim();
if !name.is_empty() {
let full = if name.starts_with('/') {
std::path::PathBuf::from(name)
} else {
let runtime = std::env::var("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR").map_err(|_| {
anyhow!("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR unset (needed to resolve EIS socket '{name}')")
})?;
std::path::Path::new(&runtime).join(name)
};
if logged != name {
tracing::info!(socket = %full.display(), "libei: connecting to EIS socket");
logged = name.to_string();
}
match UnixStream::connect(&full) {
Ok(stream) => return Ok(stream),
// Refused = socket file exists but no listener yet (or a dead session);
// NotFound = path not created yet. Both heal once the live gamescope's EIS is
// up — retry. Anything else (e.g. permission) is a real failure.
Err(e)
if matches!(
e.kind(),
std::io::ErrorKind::ConnectionRefused | std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound
) => {}
Err(e) => return Err(anyhow!("connect EIS socket {}: {e}", full.display())),
}
}
}
if std::time::Instant::now() >= deadline {
return Err(anyhow!(
"EIS socket from {} never became connectable (gamescope not up, or its EIS crashed)",
file.display()
));
}
tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(250)).await;
}
}
/// One EI device and its emulation state.
struct DeviceSlot {
device: reis::event::Device,
/// The device is resumed (allowed to emit). Devices arrive paused and may pause again.
resumed: bool,
/// We have issued `start_emulating` since the last resume.
emulating: bool,
}
/// Tracks bound devices + the serial/sequence/timebase the EI protocol requires.
struct EiState {
devices: Vec<DeviceSlot>,
last_serial: u32,
sequence: u32,
start: Instant,
/// Total inject() calls — used only to throttle diagnostic logging.
injected: u64,
/// Bitmask of [`InputKind`]s already logged once (diagnostics: surface the FIRST of each
/// kind a client sends + whether it emitted, so an unexpected client — e.g. a touch-only
/// tablet hitting a compositor without ei_touchscreen — is immediately diagnosable).
seen_kinds: u32,
/// Wire codes currently held down (keys = VK, buttons = GameStream ids, touches = ids)
/// — synthesized back up at session end ([`EiState::release_all`]). A client that
/// vanishes mid-press must not leave the compositor with a latched key or an implicit
/// pointer grab: observed on Mutter, a button held by a destroyed EIS device wedges
/// click delivery to the focused app until that app is restarted.
held_keys: Vec<u32>,
held_buttons: Vec<u32>,
held_touches: Vec<u32>,
}
/// Stable small index per [`InputKind`] for the `seen_kinds` bitmask.
fn kind_bit(kind: InputKind) -> u32 {
let i = match kind {
InputKind::MouseMove => 0,
InputKind::MouseMoveAbs => 1,
InputKind::MouseButtonDown => 2,
InputKind::MouseButtonUp => 3,
InputKind::MouseScroll => 4,
InputKind::KeyDown => 5,
InputKind::KeyUp => 6,
InputKind::TouchDown => 7,
InputKind::TouchMove => 8,
InputKind::TouchUp => 9,
InputKind::GamepadButton => 10,
InputKind::GamepadAxis => 11,
InputKind::GamepadState => 12,
InputKind::GamepadRemove => 13,
InputKind::GamepadArrival => 14,
};
1 << i
}
impl EiState {
fn new() -> Self {
Self {
devices: Vec::new(),
last_serial: 0,
sequence: 0,
start: Instant::now(),
injected: 0,
seen_kinds: 0,
held_keys: Vec::new(),
held_buttons: Vec::new(),
held_touches: Vec::new(),
}
}
/// Release everything the remote client still holds — called when the session ends
/// (client gone, EIS closing). Synthesizes wire-level release events through the
/// normal [`EiState::inject`] path so the compositor sees proper key-up / button-up /
/// touch-up frames before the devices disappear.
fn release_all(&mut self, ctx: &ei::Context) {
let (keys, buttons, touches) = (
std::mem::take(&mut self.held_keys),
std::mem::take(&mut self.held_buttons),
std::mem::take(&mut self.held_touches),
);
if keys.is_empty() && buttons.is_empty() && touches.is_empty() {
return;
}
tracing::info!(
keys = keys.len(),
buttons = buttons.len(),
touches = touches.len(),
"libei: releasing input still held at session end"
);
let release = |kind: InputKind, code: u32| InputEvent {
kind,
_pad: [0; 3],
code,
x: 0,
y: 0,
flags: 0,
};
for code in buttons {
self.inject(&release(InputKind::MouseButtonUp, code), ctx);
}
for code in keys {
self.inject(&release(InputKind::KeyUp, code), ctx);
}
for id in touches {
self.inject(&release(InputKind::TouchUp, id), ctx);
}
}
fn now_us(&self) -> u64 {
self.start.elapsed().as_micros() as u64
}
/// Apply a server event: bind capabilities, track devices, and follow resume/pause.
fn handle_ei(&mut self, ev: EiEvent, ctx: &ei::Context) {
match ev {
EiEvent::SeatAdded(e) => {
e.seat.bind_capabilities(
DeviceCapability::Pointer
| DeviceCapability::PointerAbsolute
| DeviceCapability::Keyboard
| DeviceCapability::Scroll
| DeviceCapability::Button
| DeviceCapability::Touch,
);
let _ = ctx.flush();
}
EiEvent::DeviceAdded(e) => {
tracing::info!(device = ?e.device.name(), ty = ?e.device.device_type(), "libei: device added");
self.devices.push(DeviceSlot {
device: e.device,
resumed: false,
emulating: false,
});
}
EiEvent::DeviceRemoved(e) => {
self.devices.retain(|d| d.device != e.device);
}
EiEvent::DeviceResumed(e) => {
self.last_serial = e.serial;
if let Some(d) = self.devices.iter_mut().find(|d| d.device == e.device) {
d.resumed = true;
d.emulating = false; // must re-issue start_emulating after a resume
}
let dev = &e.device;
tracing::info!(
name = ?dev.name(),
pointer = dev.has_capability(DeviceCapability::Pointer),
pointer_abs = dev.has_capability(DeviceCapability::PointerAbsolute),
keyboard = dev.has_capability(DeviceCapability::Keyboard),
button = dev.has_capability(DeviceCapability::Button),
scroll = dev.has_capability(DeviceCapability::Scroll),
"libei: device RESUMED (now emittable)"
);
}
EiEvent::DevicePaused(e) => {
if let Some(d) = self.devices.iter_mut().find(|d| d.device == e.device) {
d.resumed = false;
d.emulating = false;
}
}
// Informational: the server reports resulting modifier/group state; we don't set it.
EiEvent::KeyboardModifiers(e) => self.last_serial = e.serial,
_ => {}
}
}
/// Index of a resumed device exposing `cap`.
fn device_for(&self, cap: DeviceCapability) -> Option<usize> {
self.devices
.iter()
.position(|d| d.resumed && d.device.has_capability(cap))
}
/// Ensure the device at `idx` is in `start_emulating` state before we emit on it.
fn ensure_emulating(&mut self, idx: usize, dev: &ei::Device) {
if !self.devices[idx].emulating {
dev.start_emulating(self.last_serial, self.sequence);
self.sequence = self.sequence.wrapping_add(1);
self.devices[idx].emulating = true;
}
}
/// Translate and emit one client input event, committing it as a single `frame`.
fn inject(&mut self, ev: &InputEvent, ctx: &ei::Context) {
let cap = match ev.kind {
InputKind::MouseMove => DeviceCapability::Pointer,
InputKind::MouseMoveAbs => DeviceCapability::PointerAbsolute,
InputKind::MouseButtonDown | InputKind::MouseButtonUp => DeviceCapability::Button,
InputKind::MouseScroll => DeviceCapability::Scroll,
InputKind::KeyDown | InputKind::KeyUp => DeviceCapability::Keyboard,
InputKind::TouchDown | InputKind::TouchMove | InputKind::TouchUp => {
DeviceCapability::Touch
}
InputKind::GamepadState
| InputKind::GamepadButton
| InputKind::GamepadAxis
| InputKind::GamepadRemove
| InputKind::GamepadArrival => return, // uinput path (later)
};
self.injected += 1;
let n = self.injected;
// Log the first of each kind always (diagnostics), then occasionally.
let bit = kind_bit(ev.kind);
let first = self.seen_kinds & bit == 0;
self.seen_kinds |= bit;
let loud = first || n <= 5 || n % 600 == 0;
let Some(idx) = self.device_for(cap) else {
if loud {
tracing::warn!(
n,
kind = ?ev.kind,
?cap,
devices = self.devices.len(),
resumed = self.devices.iter().filter(|d| d.resumed).count(),
"libei: dropped event — no resumed device exposes this capability"
);
}
// No resumed device with this capability yet. For touch this is usually permanent on
// this compositor — the RemoteDesktop portal may grant the Touchscreen *device type*
// while the EIS server never creates a touchscreen *device* (observed on headless
// KWin). Surface it once so touch silently going nowhere is diagnosable.
if matches!(
ev.kind,
InputKind::TouchDown | InputKind::TouchMove | InputKind::TouchUp
) {
static WARNED: std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool =
std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool::new(false);
if !WARNED.swap(true, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed) {
tracing::warn!(
"touch received but the compositor's EIS exposed no touchscreen device — \
touch is dropped (KWin's libei may not implement ei_touchscreen yet; \
gamescope / a newer compositor may)"
);
}
}
return;
};
let dev = self.devices[idx].device.device().clone();
self.ensure_emulating(idx, &dev);
let mut emitted = true;
let slot = &self.devices[idx].device;
match ev.kind {
InputKind::MouseMove => match slot.interface::<ei::Pointer>() {
Some(p) => p.motion_relative(ev.x as f32, ev.y as f32),
None => emitted = false,
},
InputKind::MouseMoveAbs => {
let w = ((ev.flags >> 16) & 0xffff) as f32;
let h = (ev.flags & 0xffff) as f32;
match (
slot.interface::<ei::PointerAbsolute>(),
slot.regions().first(),
) {
(Some(p), Some(region)) if w > 0.0 && h > 0.0 => {
// Map the normalized client position into the device's first region.
let nx = (ev.x as f32 / w).clamp(0.0, 1.0);
let ny = (ev.y as f32 / h).clamp(0.0, 1.0);
let x = region.x as f32 + nx * region.width as f32;
let y = region.y as f32 + ny * region.height as f32;
p.motion_absolute(x, y);
}
_ => emitted = false,
}
}
InputKind::MouseButtonDown | InputKind::MouseButtonUp => {
match (slot.interface::<ei::Button>(), gs_button_to_evdev(ev.code)) {
(Some(b), Some(btn)) => {
let st = if ev.kind == InputKind::MouseButtonDown {
ei::button::ButtonState::Press
} else {
ei::button::ButtonState::Released
};
b.button(btn, st);
}
_ => emitted = false,
}
}
InputKind::MouseScroll => match slot.interface::<ei::Scroll>() {
Some(s) => {
// Wire deltas are WHEEL_DELTA(120)-scaled in `x`. Emit BOTH ei scroll axes
// from it: `scroll_discrete` (120-per-detent — drives line/page scrolling)
// AND the continuous `scroll` axis in logical px (≈15 px/detent). Without
// the continuous axis Mutter floors a sub-detent delta (trackpad / precise
// wheel / fractional smooth scroll) to zero whole clicks, so small scrolls
// never register and you have to spin the wheel a lot — emitting the pixel
// axis too makes every delta move proportionally (matches the wlr backend's
// 15 px/notch). Positive wire = up (vertical, negated on the ei axis) /
// RIGHT (horizontal, already positive — moonlight-qt/Sunshine pass it
// through unnegated); only the vertical axis flips.
const PX_PER_DETENT: f32 = 15.0;
let px = ev.x as f32 / 120.0 * PX_PER_DETENT;
if ev.code == SCROLL_HORIZONTAL {
s.scroll_discrete(ev.x, 0);
s.scroll(px, 0.0);
} else {
s.scroll_discrete(0, -ev.x);
s.scroll(0.0, -px);
}
}
None => emitted = false,
},
InputKind::KeyDown | InputKind::KeyUp => {
match (slot.interface::<ei::Keyboard>(), vk_to_evdev(ev.code as u8)) {
(Some(k), Some(evdev)) => {
let st = if ev.kind == InputKind::KeyDown {
ei::keyboard::KeyState::Press
} else {
ei::keyboard::KeyState::Released
};
k.key(evdev as u32, st);
}
_ => {
emitted = false;
tracing::debug!(vk = ev.code, "libei: unmapped VK keycode — dropped");
}
}
}
// Touch: `code` is the touch id, `x`/`y` are client pixels and `flags` packs the
// client surface w/h — mapped into the device's region exactly like MouseMoveAbs.
// One InputEvent = one frame, which satisfies the ei_touchscreen rule that a down /
// motion / up must not share a frame.
InputKind::TouchDown | InputKind::TouchMove => {
let w = ((ev.flags >> 16) & 0xffff) as f32;
let h = (ev.flags & 0xffff) as f32;
match (slot.interface::<ei::Touchscreen>(), slot.regions().first()) {
(Some(t), Some(region)) if w > 0.0 && h > 0.0 => {
let nx = (ev.x as f32 / w).clamp(0.0, 1.0);
let ny = (ev.y as f32 / h).clamp(0.0, 1.0);
let x = region.x as f32 + nx * region.width as f32;
let y = region.y as f32 + ny * region.height as f32;
if ev.kind == InputKind::TouchDown {
t.down(ev.code, x, y);
} else {
t.motion(ev.code, x, y);
}
}
_ => emitted = false,
}
}
InputKind::TouchUp => match slot.interface::<ei::Touchscreen>() {
Some(t) => t.up(ev.code),
None => emitted = false,
},
InputKind::GamepadState
| InputKind::GamepadButton
| InputKind::GamepadAxis
| InputKind::GamepadRemove
| InputKind::GamepadArrival => emitted = false,
}
if emitted {
// Track held state on the wire codes so `release_all` can undo it at
// session end (vanished clients must not leave anything latched).
match ev.kind {
InputKind::KeyDown if !self.held_keys.contains(&ev.code) => {
self.held_keys.push(ev.code);
}
InputKind::KeyUp => self.held_keys.retain(|&c| c != ev.code),
InputKind::MouseButtonDown if !self.held_buttons.contains(&ev.code) => {
self.held_buttons.push(ev.code);
}
InputKind::MouseButtonUp => self.held_buttons.retain(|&c| c != ev.code),
InputKind::TouchDown if !self.held_touches.contains(&ev.code) => {
self.held_touches.push(ev.code);
}
InputKind::TouchUp => self.held_touches.retain(|&c| c != ev.code),
_ => {}
}
dev.frame(self.last_serial, self.now_us());
}
if let Err(e) = ctx.flush() {
// In the per-input-event hot path: a dead EIS socket fails flush on every event
// (mouse-move = 100s/s), so gate the warn behind the same `loud` sampler as its siblings.
if loud {
tracing::warn!(error = %e, "libei: ctx.flush failed");
}
}
if loud {
tracing::debug!(n, kind = ?ev.kind, idx, emitted, "libei: emitted");
}
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,718 @@
//! Virtual Steam Deck controller via UHID — the Steam analogue of the virtual DualSense
//! ([`super::dualsense`]). A UHID device with Valve VID `28DE` / Deck PID `1205` is bound by the
//! kernel `hid-steam` driver, which exposes a full Steam Deck gamepad evdev (incl. the four back
//! grips) **plus** a separate IMU evdev, and — when Steam runs on the host — is re-grabbed by Steam
//! Input with native glyphs + trackpad/gyro/back-button bindings.
//!
//! The transport-independent contract (descriptor, byte-exact serializer, the `XInput`/rich
//! mappers, the rumble parser) lives in [`super::steam_proto`]; this module is the `/dev/uhid`
//! plumbing + the two Steam-specific lifecycle quirks the DualSense path lacks:
//!
//! 1. **`gamepad_mode` entry.** `steam_do_deck_input_event` early-returns under the default
//! `lizard_mode` until `gamepad_mode` is toggled on — which the kernel only does when the `b9.6`
//! Steam/menu-right button is held ~450 ms with no hidraw client open. So on the first pad we
//! best-effort clear `lizard_mode` via sysfs (needs root; bypasses the gate entirely) AND every
//! pad pulses `b9.6` for [`MODE_ENTER`] at creation. After that an **anti-toggle guard** caps any
//! continuous `b9.6` (a long in-game Start-hold) below the kernel's 450 ms threshold so play can
//! never accidentally flip `gamepad_mode` back off.
//! 2. **`UHID_SET_REPORT`.** Steam feedback (`0xEB` rumble) + the kernel's settings/serial writes
//! arrive as FEATURE set-reports that MUST be answered `err = 0`, or the kernel stalls ~5 s per
//! command (the DualSense backend only services GET_REPORT + OUTPUT).
use super::steam_proto::{
btn, parse_steam_output, sc_from_gamepad, serial_reply, serialize_deck_state,
serialize_sc_state, SteamModel, SteamState, STEAMDECK_RDESC, STEAM_REPORT_LEN, STEAM_VENDOR,
};
use crate::uhid_manager::{PadFeedback, PadProto, UhidManager};
use anyhow::{Context, Result};
use punktfunk_core::quic::RichInput;
use std::fs::{File, OpenOptions};
use std::io::{Read, Write};
use std::os::unix::fs::OpenOptionsExt;
use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
// /dev/uhid event ABI — same layout as the DualSense backend.
const UHID_PATH: &str = "/dev/uhid";
const UHID_DESTROY: u32 = 1;
const UHID_OUTPUT: u32 = 6;
const UHID_GET_REPORT: u32 = 9;
const UHID_GET_REPORT_REPLY: u32 = 10;
const UHID_CREATE2: u32 = 11;
const UHID_INPUT2: u32 = 12;
const UHID_SET_REPORT: u32 = 13;
const UHID_SET_REPORT_REPLY: u32 = 14;
const HID_MAX_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE: usize = 4096;
const UHID_EVENT_SIZE: usize = 4 + 4372;
const BUS_USB: u16 = 0x03;
/// Hold the `b9.6` mode-switch this long at creation to toggle `gamepad_mode` on (the kernel needs
/// ~450 ms continuous; give margin).
const MODE_ENTER: Duration = Duration::from_millis(650);
/// Cap continuous `b9.6` (Start) below the kernel's 450 ms mode-switch threshold: after this long
/// we insert a one-frame release so an in-game long-Start-hold can't toggle `gamepad_mode` off.
const MENU_HOLD_CAP: Duration = Duration::from_millis(350);
fn put_cstr(ev: &mut [u8], off: usize, cap: usize, s: &str) {
let n = s.len().min(cap - 1);
ev[off..off + n].copy_from_slice(&s.as_bytes()[..n]);
}
/// Best-effort, once per process: clear `hid_steam`'s `lizard_mode` so `steam_do_deck_input_event`
/// stops gating on `gamepad_mode` (gamepad events then always flow). Needs root; on failure the
/// per-pad `b9.6` pulse + guard handle it instead.
fn try_clear_lizard_mode() {
static TRIED: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);
if TRIED.swap(true, Ordering::Relaxed) {
return;
}
match std::fs::write("/sys/module/hid_steam/parameters/lizard_mode", "N") {
Ok(()) => {
tracing::info!("cleared hid_steam lizard_mode (Steam Deck gamepad events always flow)")
}
Err(e) => tracing::debug!(
error = %e,
"could not clear hid_steam lizard_mode (no root?) — using the gamepad_mode pulse + guard"
),
}
}
/// A virtual Steam Deck **or classic Steam Controller** backed by `/dev/uhid` (same driver, two
/// identities/report layouts — see [`SteamModel`]). Dropping it destroys the device (the kernel
/// tears down the bound `hid-steam` interface + its evdevs).
pub struct SteamDeckPad {
fd: File,
model: SteamModel,
seq: u32,
created: Instant,
/// When `b9.6` started being continuously held in our OUTPUT (anti-toggle guard); `None` = not.
menu_hold_since: Option<Instant>,
}
impl SteamDeckPad {
pub fn open(index: u8) -> Result<SteamDeckPad> {
SteamDeckPad::open_model(index, SteamModel::Deck)
}
/// Open under a specific Steam identity. The classic Controller's `ID_CONTROLLER_STATE` path
/// has NO `gamepad_mode` gate in the kernel (only the Deck's parser early-returns under
/// lizard mode), so the SC skips the whole mode-entry machinery.
pub fn open_model(index: u8, model: SteamModel) -> Result<SteamDeckPad> {
if model == SteamModel::Deck {
try_clear_lizard_mode();
}
let fd = OpenOptions::new()
.read(true)
.write(true)
.custom_flags(libc::O_NONBLOCK)
.open(UHID_PATH)
.with_context(|| {
format!("open {UHID_PATH} (is the uhid udev rule installed + are you in 'input'?)")
})?;
let mut pad = SteamDeckPad {
fd,
model,
seq: 0,
created: Instant::now(),
menu_hold_since: None,
};
pad.send_create2(index).context("UHID_CREATE2 Steam pad")?;
Ok(pad)
}
fn send_create2(&mut self, index: u8) -> Result<()> {
let (name, phys, uniq) = match self.model {
SteamModel::Deck => ("Steam Deck", "steam", "steam"),
SteamModel::Controller => ("Steam Controller", "steamctrl", "steamctrl"),
};
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_CREATE2.to_ne_bytes());
put_cstr(&mut ev, 4, 128, &format!("Punktfunk {name} {index}")); // name[128]
put_cstr(&mut ev, 132, 64, &format!("punktfunk/{phys}/{index}")); // phys[64]
put_cstr(&mut ev, 196, 64, &format!("punktfunk-{uniq}-{index}")); // uniq[64]
ev[260..262].copy_from_slice(&(STEAMDECK_RDESC.len() as u16).to_ne_bytes()); // rd_size
ev[262..264].copy_from_slice(&BUS_USB.to_ne_bytes()); // bus
ev[264..268].copy_from_slice(&STEAM_VENDOR.to_ne_bytes());
ev[268..272].copy_from_slice(&self.model.product().to_ne_bytes());
ev[272..276].copy_from_slice(&0x0100u32.to_ne_bytes()); // version
ev[276..280].copy_from_slice(&0u32.to_ne_bytes()); // country
ev[280..280 + STEAMDECK_RDESC.len()].copy_from_slice(STEAMDECK_RDESC);
self.fd.write_all(&ev).context("write UHID_CREATE2")?;
Ok(())
}
/// Serialize `st` under this pad's model (Deck reports get the gamepad-mode entry overlay +
/// anti-toggle guard applied) and write it.
pub fn write_state(&mut self, st: &SteamState) -> Result<()> {
self.seq = self.seq.wrapping_add(1);
let mut r = [0u8; STEAM_REPORT_LEN];
match self.model {
SteamModel::Deck => {
let mut s = *st;
s.buttons = self.effective_buttons(st.buttons);
serialize_deck_state(&mut r, &s, self.seq);
}
SteamModel::Controller => serialize_sc_state(&mut r, st, self.seq),
}
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_INPUT2.to_ne_bytes());
ev[4..6].copy_from_slice(&(r.len() as u16).to_ne_bytes()); // input2.size
ev[6..6 + r.len()].copy_from_slice(&r); // input2.data
self.fd.write_all(&ev).context("write UHID_INPUT2")?;
Ok(())
}
/// True while still pulsing the mode-switch at creation (the caller force-writes during this).
/// Deck-only — the SC's kernel parser has no mode gate.
fn in_mode_entry(&self) -> bool {
self.model == SteamModel::Deck && self.created.elapsed() < MODE_ENTER
}
/// During mode entry, force `b9.6` held (override). Afterwards, pass the real buttons through but
/// drop `b9.6` for one frame whenever it's been continuously held past [`MENU_HOLD_CAP`].
fn effective_buttons(&mut self, mut buttons: u64) -> u64 {
if self.in_mode_entry() {
return btn::STEAM_MENU_RIGHT;
}
if buttons & btn::MENU != 0 {
let now = Instant::now();
match self.menu_hold_since {
None => self.menu_hold_since = Some(now),
Some(since) if now.duration_since(since) >= MENU_HOLD_CAP => {
buttons &= !btn::MENU; // one-frame release resets the kernel's mode-switch timer
self.menu_hold_since = None;
}
Some(_) => {}
}
} else {
self.menu_hold_since = None;
}
buttons
}
/// Service the device, non-blocking: answer the kernel's GET_REPORT (serial) + SET_REPORT
/// (settings / rumble — ack `err=0`) and parse any rumble feedback (`0xEB`, on either the
/// SET_REPORT or OUTPUT path) into `(low, high)` for the universal rumble plane.
pub fn service(&mut self) -> Option<(u16, u16)> {
let mut rumble = None;
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
while let Ok(n) = self.fd.read(&mut ev) {
if n < UHID_EVENT_SIZE {
break;
}
match u32::from_ne_bytes([ev[0], ev[1], ev[2], ev[3]]) {
UHID_OUTPUT => {
let size = u16::from_ne_bytes([ev[4100], ev[4101]]) as usize;
let end = 4 + size.min(HID_MAX_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE);
if let Some(r) = parse_steam_output(&ev[4..end]).rumble {
rumble = Some(r);
}
}
UHID_GET_REPORT => {
let id = u32::from_ne_bytes([ev[4], ev[5], ev[6], ev[7]]);
let _ = self.reply_get_report(id, &serial_reply("PUNKTFUNK01"));
}
UHID_SET_REPORT => {
let id = u32::from_ne_bytes([ev[4], ev[5], ev[6], ev[7]]);
// SET_REPORT data: [report-id 0, cmd, …] at ev[12..]. Surface rumble, then ack.
let end = (12 + 16).min(UHID_EVENT_SIZE);
if let Some(r) = parse_steam_output(&ev[12..end]).rumble {
rumble = Some(r);
}
let _ = self.reply_set_report(id);
}
_ => {} // Start/Stop/Open/Close — ignore
}
}
rumble
}
fn reply_get_report(&mut self, id: u32, data: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_GET_REPORT_REPLY.to_ne_bytes());
ev[4..8].copy_from_slice(&id.to_ne_bytes());
ev[8..10].copy_from_slice(&0u16.to_ne_bytes()); // err 0
ev[10..12].copy_from_slice(&(data.len() as u16).to_ne_bytes());
ev[12..12 + data.len()].copy_from_slice(data);
self.fd.write_all(&ev).context("UHID_GET_REPORT_REPLY")?;
Ok(())
}
fn reply_set_report(&mut self, id: u32) -> Result<()> {
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_SET_REPORT_REPLY.to_ne_bytes());
ev[4..8].copy_from_slice(&id.to_ne_bytes());
ev[8..10].copy_from_slice(&0u16.to_ne_bytes()); // err 0 (ack)
self.fd.write_all(&ev).context("UHID_SET_REPORT_REPLY")?;
Ok(())
}
}
impl Drop for SteamDeckPad {
fn drop(&mut self) {
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_DESTROY.to_ne_bytes());
let _ = self.fd.write_all(&ev);
}
}
/// The transport a manager pad drives. UHID is universal but Steam Input won't promote it (a UHID
/// device has no USB interface number, `Interface: -1`); the USB **gadget** (`raw_gadget`, SteamOS)
/// and **usbip** (`vhci_hcd`, universal) both present the controller on USB interface 2, which Steam
/// Input *does* promote. Selected per-pad by [`open_transport`]. (`pub`: the type appears as
/// `type Pad` in the `PadProto` impl, a public trait.)
pub enum DeckTransport {
Uhid(SteamDeckPad),
Gadget(crate::steam_gadget::SteamDeckGadget),
Usbip(crate::steam_usbip::SteamDeckUsbip),
}
impl DeckTransport {
fn write_state(&mut self, st: &SteamState) {
match self {
DeckTransport::Uhid(p) => {
let _ = p.write_state(st);
}
DeckTransport::Gadget(g) => g.write_state(st),
DeckTransport::Usbip(u) => u.write_state(st),
}
}
fn service(&mut self) -> Option<(u16, u16)> {
match self {
DeckTransport::Uhid(p) => p.service(),
DeckTransport::Gadget(g) => g.service().rumble,
DeckTransport::Usbip(u) => u.service().rumble,
}
}
fn in_mode_entry(&self) -> bool {
match self {
// Only the UHID pad needs the gamepad-mode entry pulse: the promoted transports are
// read raw via hidraw by Steam Input, which bypasses the kernel's evdev mode gate.
DeckTransport::Uhid(p) => p.in_mode_entry(),
DeckTransport::Gadget(_) | DeckTransport::Usbip(_) => false,
}
}
}
/// One-shot diagnostic: InputPlumber (shipped and enabled by default on Bazzite) hidraw-grabs
/// controllers it decides to manage and re-emits them under a different identity — historically
/// the Deck config re-emitted an Xbox Elite pad with the trackpads routed to a mouse target. If
/// it grabs our virtual Deck, everything downstream of hid-steam looks wrong (trackpads surface
/// as a stick/mouse, gyro vanishes) while punktfunk's own logs stay clean — so name the suspect
/// up front. Best-effort process-name scan; no dependency on its D-Bus API.
fn warn_if_inputplumber() {
use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
static ONCE: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(true);
if !ONCE.swap(false, Ordering::Relaxed) {
return;
}
let running = std::fs::read_dir("/proc")
.ok()
.into_iter()
.flatten()
.flatten()
.any(|e| {
std::fs::read_to_string(e.path().join("comm")).is_ok_and(|c| c.trim() == "inputplumber")
});
if running {
tracing::warn!(
"InputPlumber is running on this host — if it manages the virtual Steam Deck pad, \
games see InputPlumber's re-emitted device instead (trackpads may arrive as a \
stick/mouse, gyro may vanish). Check `inputplumber devices` and exclude the \
virtual pad from management if inputs look remapped."
);
}
}
/// Open the best Steam-Input-promotable Deck transport available, in preference order:
/// **`raw_gadget` (SteamOS validated fast-path) → `usbip`/`vhci_hcd` (universal, Secure-Boot-clean)
/// → UHID (universal, but `Interface: -1` so Steam Input won't promote it).** Each rung degrades to
/// the next on failure, so a host lacking the gadget modules still gets a *promotable* Deck via
/// usbip, and one lacking both still gets a working (if non-promoted) UHID pad.
fn open_transport(idx: u8) -> Result<DeckTransport> {
warn_if_inputplumber();
use crate::{steam_gadget, steam_usbip};
// 1. raw_gadget — the validated SteamOS fast-path (default on there).
if steam_gadget::gadget_preferred() {
steam_gadget::ensure_modules();
match steam_gadget::SteamDeckGadget::open(idx) {
Ok(g) => {
tracing::info!(
index = idx,
"virtual Steam Deck created (USB gadget — Steam Input recognizes it)"
);
return Ok(DeckTransport::Gadget(g));
}
Err(e) => {
tracing::warn!(error = %format!("{e:#}"), "USB-gadget Deck unavailable — trying usbip")
}
}
}
// 2. usbip/vhci_hcd — the universal, in-tree, Secure-Boot-clean transport (default on elsewhere).
if steam_usbip::usbip_preferred() {
match steam_usbip::SteamDeckUsbip::open(idx) {
Ok(u) => return Ok(DeckTransport::Usbip(u)),
Err(e) => {
tracing::warn!(error = %format!("{e:#}"), "usbip Deck unavailable — falling back to UHID")
}
}
}
// 3. UHID — universal fallback (works everywhere; Steam Input won't promote it). This is a
// DEGRADED outcome, not a normal one: a UHID device has no USB interface number (Interface: -1),
// so Steam Input ignores it and the controller never appears in Game Mode / can't navigate.
// Reaching here almost always means `vhci_hcd` isn't loaded (the host runs unprivileged and
// can't modprobe it) — load it at boot (packaging ships modules-load.d/punktfunk.conf +
// 60-punktfunk.rules; on a systemd-sysext host `punktfunk-sysext` mirrors both into /etc).
let p = SteamDeckPad::open(idx)?;
tracing::warn!(
index = idx,
"virtual Steam Deck created as UHID hid-steam — Steam Input WON'T promote it (no USB \
interface), so it won't appear in Game Mode. Load vhci_hcd (usbip) so the pad arrives as a \
real USB device: `sudo modprobe vhci_hcd`, and ensure it loads at boot."
);
Ok(DeckTransport::Uhid(p))
}
/// The Steam-Deck-specific half of the shared stateful manager (see [`PadProto`]): the transport
/// open (usbip → gadget → UHID fallback via [`open_transport`], which logs its own per-transport
/// outcome), the [`SteamState`] mappers, and the kernel-handshake service pass. Lifecycle (slot
/// table, unplug sweep, heartbeat, rumble dedup) lives in [`UhidManager`]; the gamepad-mode-entry
/// pulse rides the [`force_heartbeat`](PadProto::force_heartbeat) hook.
#[derive(Default)]
pub struct SteamProto;
impl PadProto for SteamProto {
type Pad = DeckTransport;
type State = SteamState;
const LABEL: &'static str = "Steam Deck";
const DEVICE: &'static str = "Steam Deck";
const CREATE_HINT: &'static str = "";
fn open(&mut self, idx: u8) -> Result<DeckTransport> {
open_transport(idx)
}
fn neutral(&self) -> SteamState {
SteamState::neutral()
}
/// Merge buttons/sticks/triggers, preserving the rich-plane fields (trackpad + motion arrive
/// separately and must survive a button-only frame).
fn merge_frame(
&self,
prev: &SteamState,
f: &punktfunk_core::input::GamepadFrame,
) -> SteamState {
let mut s = SteamState::from_gamepad(
f.buttons,
f.ls_x,
f.ls_y,
f.rs_x,
f.rs_y,
f.left_trigger,
f.right_trigger,
);
s.rpad_x = prev.rpad_x;
s.rpad_y = prev.rpad_y;
s.lpad_x = prev.lpad_x;
s.lpad_y = prev.lpad_y;
s.gyro = prev.gyro;
s.accel = prev.accel;
s.buttons |= prev.buttons & (btn::RPAD_TOUCH | btn::LPAD_TOUCH);
// Trackpad CLICK arrives on the rich plane too and must survive a button-only frame,
// exactly like touch/coords/motion above. It lives in its own fields (not `buttons`,
// which `from_gamepad` just rebuilt) so preserving it can't strand the BTN_TOUCHPAD
// wire-button's RPAD_CLICK — the two are OR'd only at serialize.
s.lpad_click = prev.lpad_click;
s.rpad_click = prev.rpad_click;
s
}
fn apply_rich(&self, st: &mut SteamState, rich: RichInput) {
st.apply_rich(rich);
}
fn write_state(&self, pad: &mut DeckTransport, st: &SteamState) {
pad.write_state(st);
}
/// Answer the kernel handshake and forward rumble on the universal plane. The Steam Deck has
/// no rich host→client feedback plane (no lightbar / adaptive triggers), so `hidout` stays
/// empty.
fn service(&self, pad: &mut DeckTransport, _idx: u8) -> PadFeedback {
PadFeedback {
rumble: pad.service(),
hidout: Vec::new(),
game_drove: None,
}
}
/// Force a steady stream while a pad is still pulsing its gamepad-mode entry (so the `b9.6`
/// toggle completes even with no game input).
fn force_heartbeat(&self, pad: &DeckTransport) -> bool {
pad.in_mode_entry()
}
}
/// All virtual Steam Deck pads of a session — the Steam analogue of
/// [`DualSenseManager`](super::dualsense::DualSenseManager), selected with
/// `PUNKTFUNK_GAMEPAD=steamdeck`. Button/stick frames arrive via `handle`; the trackpads + motion
/// via `apply_rich`; `pump` services the kernel handshake + routes rumble back; `heartbeat` keeps
/// the pad alive (and drives the mode-entry pulse) — all from the shared [`UhidManager`].
pub type SteamControllerManager = UhidManager<SteamProto>;
/// The **classic Steam Controller** half of the shared stateful manager: the same `hid-steam`
/// driver under the wired-SC identity (`28DE:1102`, `ID_CONTROLLER_STATE`), UHID-only in v1 —
/// the usbip/gadget transports present the Deck's captured 3-interface USB device, and the SC's
/// wired interface layout hasn't been captured, so there is no Steam-Input promotion (the same
/// degraded-but-working state the Deck had pre-usbip; acceptable for discontinued hardware).
///
/// Deltas vs the Deck (see [`sc_from_gamepad`]/[`serialize_sc_state`]): one stick + two pads +
/// two grips — the wire right stick drives the right pad, a left-pad contact shadows the left
/// stick, wire PADDLE1/2 land on the two grips (3/4 fold via the remap policy), and the kernel
/// registers neither FF rumble nor a sensors evdev for this model (feedback stays empty).
pub struct ScProto {
/// Fallback policy for the wire paddles beyond the SC's two grips (PADDLE3/4).
remap: crate::steam_remap::RemapConfig,
}
impl Default for ScProto {
fn default() -> ScProto {
ScProto {
remap: crate::steam_remap::RemapConfig::from_env(),
}
}
}
impl PadProto for ScProto {
type Pad = SteamDeckPad;
type State = SteamState;
const LABEL: &'static str = "Steam Controller";
const DEVICE: &'static str = "Steam Controller";
const CREATE_HINT: &'static str = "";
fn open(&mut self, idx: u8) -> Result<SteamDeckPad> {
let p = SteamDeckPad::open_model(idx, SteamModel::Controller)?;
tracing::info!(
index = idx,
"virtual Steam Controller created (UHID hid-steam)"
);
Ok(p)
}
fn neutral(&self) -> SteamState {
SteamState::neutral()
}
/// Merge buttons/sticks/triggers, preserving the rich-plane fields. PADDLE1/2 map natively to
/// the SC's two grips inside [`sc_from_gamepad`]; only 3/4 go through the fold policy — mask
/// the native pair out of the fold input so the policy can't double-fire them.
fn merge_frame(
&self,
prev: &SteamState,
f: &punktfunk_core::input::GamepadFrame,
) -> SteamState {
use punktfunk_core::input::gamepad as gs;
let native = f.buttons & (gs::BTN_PADDLE1 | gs::BTN_PADDLE2);
let folded = crate::steam_remap::fold_paddles(
f.buttons & !(gs::BTN_PADDLE1 | gs::BTN_PADDLE2),
self.remap.paddles,
);
let mut s = sc_from_gamepad(
folded | native,
f.ls_x,
f.ls_y,
f.rs_x,
f.rs_y,
f.left_trigger,
f.right_trigger,
);
s.lpad_x = prev.lpad_x;
s.lpad_y = prev.lpad_y;
s.gyro = prev.gyro;
s.accel = prev.accel;
s.buttons |= prev.buttons & btn::LPAD_TOUCH;
s.lpad_click = prev.lpad_click;
// The right pad carries the wire right stick each frame; a rich right-pad contact
// (TouchpadEx surface 2) overrides it only while the stick is centered — the stick is
// the primary camera surface on this mapping.
if f.rs_x == 0 && f.rs_y == 0 {
s.rpad_x = prev.rpad_x;
s.rpad_y = prev.rpad_y;
s.buttons |= prev.buttons & btn::RPAD_TOUCH;
s.rpad_click = prev.rpad_click;
}
s
}
fn apply_rich(&self, st: &mut SteamState, rich: RichInput) {
st.apply_rich(rich);
}
fn write_state(&self, pad: &mut SteamDeckPad, st: &SteamState) {
let _ = pad.write_state(st);
}
/// Answer the kernel handshake (serial GET_REPORT + settings SET_REPORTs). The kernel
/// registers no FF device for the classic SC, so rumble feedback can only arrive from a
/// hidraw client (`0xEB`) — surfaced if it ever does.
fn service(&self, pad: &mut SteamDeckPad, _idx: u8) -> PadFeedback {
PadFeedback {
rumble: pad.service(),
hidout: Vec::new(),
game_drove: None,
}
}
}
/// All virtual classic Steam Controllers of a session — `PUNKTFUNK_GAMEPAD=steamcontroller`, or
/// the per-pad kind a client declares for a physical SC.
pub type SteamCtrlManager = UhidManager<ScProto>;
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
/// Find the evdev node for a kernel input device by exact name (e.g. `"Steam Deck"`).
fn find_node(name: &str) -> Option<String> {
let devs = std::fs::read_to_string("/proc/bus/input/devices").ok()?;
for block in devs.split("\n\n") {
if !block
.lines()
.any(|l| l.trim() == format!("N: Name=\"{name}\""))
{
continue;
}
for l in block.lines() {
if let Some(h) = l.strip_prefix("H: Handlers=") {
if let Some(ev) = h.split_whitespace().find(|t| t.starts_with("event")) {
return Some(format!("/dev/input/{ev}"));
}
}
}
}
None
}
/// Read the evdev's current key bitmap (`EVIOCGKEY`) and test whether `code` is down.
fn key_is_down(node: &str, code: u16) -> bool {
use std::os::unix::io::AsRawFd;
let Ok(f) = std::fs::File::open(node) else {
return false;
};
let mut bits = [0u8; 96];
const EVIOCGKEY: libc::c_ulong = (2 << 30) | (96 << 16) | (0x45 << 8) | 0x18;
// SAFETY: EVIOCGKEY copies the current key-state bitmap of the evdev behind the valid fd
// `f` into `bits`; 96 bytes covers KEY_MAX/8, so the kernel never writes past the buffer.
let rc = unsafe { libc::ioctl(f.as_raw_fd(), EVIOCGKEY, bits.as_mut_ptr()) };
rc >= 0 && (bits[(code / 8) as usize] >> (code % 8)) & 1 == 1
}
/// Read the current value of an absolute axis (`EVIOCGABS`) — the first `i32` of `input_absinfo`.
fn abs_value(node: &str, abs: u16) -> Option<i32> {
use std::os::unix::io::AsRawFd;
let f = std::fs::File::open(node).ok()?;
let mut info = [0u8; 24]; // struct input_absinfo { value, min, max, fuzz, flat, resolution }
let req: libc::c_ulong =
(2 << 30) | (24 << 16) | (0x45 << 8) | (0x40 + abs as libc::c_ulong);
// SAFETY: EVIOCGABS fills the 24-byte input_absinfo for the valid evdev fd `f`; we read only
// the leading i32 `value`. The buffer is exactly sizeof(input_absinfo), so no overflow.
let rc = unsafe { libc::ioctl(f.as_raw_fd(), req, info.as_mut_ptr()) };
(rc >= 0).then(|| i32::from_ne_bytes([info[0], info[1], info[2], info[3]]))
}
/// On-box smoke test for the real backend: a `SteamDeckPad` must bind `hid-steam` (creating both
/// the gamepad + IMU evdevs), enter `gamepad_mode` via the creation pulse, and land a held button
/// on the evdev (`BTN_A`, code 0x130) — proving the entry overlay + byte-exact serialize path —
/// then tear the device down on drop. Touches `/dev/uhid`, so it is `#[ignore]`d in CI; run on a
/// box with `hid-steam` + `input`-group access: `cargo test -p punktfunk-host -- --ignored`.
#[test]
#[ignore = "creates a real /dev/uhid device; needs hid-steam + the input group"]
fn backend_binds_and_input_flows() {
use punktfunk_core::input::gamepad as gs;
const BTN_A: u16 = 0x130;
const ABS_HAT0X: u16 = 0x10; // left trackpad X
let mut pad = SteamDeckPad::open(0).expect("open SteamDeckPad (/dev/uhid + input group?)");
// Drive the full M3 wire path: build state through `from_gamepad` (BTN_A + the L4 back grip)
// and `apply_rich` (a left-pad TouchpadEx contact), then hold it past MODE_ENTER (the b9.6
// pulse), servicing the handshake.
let mut st = SteamState::from_gamepad(gs::BTN_A | gs::BTN_PADDLE2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
st.apply_rich(RichInput::TouchpadEx {
pad: 0,
surface: 1,
finger: 0,
touch: true,
click: false,
x: -8000,
y: 9000,
pressure: 0,
});
let start = Instant::now();
while start.elapsed() < Duration::from_millis(1200) {
let _ = pad.service();
pad.write_state(&st).expect("write_state");
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(4));
}
let devs = std::fs::read_to_string("/proc/bus/input/devices").unwrap_or_default();
assert!(devs.contains("Steam Deck"), "gamepad evdev not created");
assert!(
devs.contains("Steam Deck Motion Sensors"),
"IMU evdev not created"
);
let node = find_node("Steam Deck").expect("gamepad evdev node");
assert!(
key_is_down(&node, BTN_A),
"BTN_A not down — gamepad_mode entry or serialize failed"
);
// The left trackpad contact (TouchpadEx surface 1, gated on LPAD_TOUCH) reaches ABS_HAT0X.
assert_eq!(
abs_value(&node, ABS_HAT0X),
Some(-8000),
"left trackpad (TouchpadEx surface 1) did not reach ABS_HAT0X"
);
drop(pad);
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(200));
let devs = std::fs::read_to_string("/proc/bus/input/devices").unwrap_or_default();
assert!(
!devs.contains("Steam Deck Motion Sensors"),
"device not torn down on drop"
);
}
/// On-box smoke for the classic-SC identity: binds `hid-steam` as `28DE:1102`, input flows
/// with NO mode-entry pulse (the SC parser has no gamepad_mode gate), a held A + right-stick
/// deflection land on the evdev (BTN_A + ABS_RX — the right PAD surface), and a grip lands
/// on BTN_GRIPR (0x2c5? — kernel BTN_GRIPR = 0x2c5 on new kernels / check via bitmap).
#[test]
#[ignore = "creates a real /dev/uhid device; needs hid-steam + the input group"]
fn sc_backend_binds_and_input_flows() {
use punktfunk_core::input::gamepad as gs;
const BTN_A: u16 = 0x130;
const ABS_RX: u16 = 0x03;
let mut pad = SteamDeckPad::open_model(0, SteamModel::Controller)
.expect("open SC pad (/dev/uhid + input group?)");
let st = sc_from_gamepad(gs::BTN_A | gs::BTN_PADDLE1, 0, 0, 9000, 0, 0, 0);
let start = Instant::now();
while start.elapsed() < Duration::from_millis(900) {
let _ = pad.service();
pad.write_state(&st).expect("write_state");
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(4));
}
let devs = std::fs::read_to_string("/proc/bus/input/devices").unwrap_or_default();
assert!(
devs.contains("Steam Controller"),
"SC gamepad evdev not created"
);
let node = find_node("Steam Controller").expect("SC evdev node");
assert!(
key_is_down(&node, BTN_A),
"BTN_A not down — SC serialize failed (no mode gate should apply)"
);
assert_eq!(
abs_value(&node, ABS_RX),
Some(9000),
"wire right stick did not land on the right pad (ABS_RX)"
);
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,424 @@
//! Virtual **Steam Controller 2** (Triton) via UHID — the as-is passthrough backend
//! ([`GamepadPref::SteamController2`](punktfunk_core::config::GamepadPref)). The
//! transport-independent contract (descriptor, report ids, the typed fallback serializer, the
//! rumble parser) lives in [`super::triton_proto`]; this module is the `/dev/uhid` plumbing.
//!
//! Deltas vs the Deck backend ([`super::steam_controller`]):
//!
//! 1. **No kernel driver.** Mainline `hid-steam` doesn't bind `28DE:1302`, so the device gets
//! `hid-generic` + a hidraw node and NO evdev — Steam Input (hidapi over hidraw) is the only
//! consumer, exactly as it is for the physical pad. No `gamepad_mode` machinery applies.
//! 2. **Raw mirroring.** Input reports arrive verbatim from the client
//! ([`RichInput::HidReport`](punktfunk_core::quic::RichInput)) and are written unchanged;
//! everything Steam writes back (SET_REPORT features, OUTPUT haptics) is acked and forwarded
//! raw for replay on the physical controller.
//! 3. **usbip first, UHID fallback.** Steam ignores UHID devices (`Interface: -1`) for the
//! Triton exactly as it did for the Deck — CONFIRMED on-glass 2026-07-15 — so the preferred
//! transport is [`super::triton_usbip`] (`vhci_hcd`), which presents a real USB device
//! byte-matched to the physical wired pad's captured descriptors. UHID remains the degraded
//! fallback (hidraw exists, Steam won't list it) for hosts without `vhci_hcd`/root.
use super::triton_proto::{
parse_triton_rumble, serialize_triton_state, strip_report_prefix, triton_feature_reply,
triton_serial, triton_unit_id, TritonState, TRITON_RDESC, TRITON_STATE_LEN, TRITON_VENDOR,
TRITON_WIRED_PRODUCT,
};
use crate::uhid_manager::{PadFeedback, PadProto, UhidManager};
use anyhow::{Context, Result};
use punktfunk_core::quic::{HidOutput, RichInput, HID_RAW_FEATURE, HID_RAW_OUTPUT};
use std::fs::{File, OpenOptions};
use std::io::{Read, Write};
use std::os::unix::fs::OpenOptionsExt;
// /dev/uhid event ABI — same layout as the Deck/DualSense backends.
const UHID_PATH: &str = "/dev/uhid";
const UHID_DESTROY: u32 = 1;
const UHID_OUTPUT: u32 = 6;
const UHID_GET_REPORT: u32 = 9;
const UHID_GET_REPORT_REPLY: u32 = 10;
const UHID_CREATE2: u32 = 11;
const UHID_INPUT2: u32 = 12;
const UHID_SET_REPORT: u32 = 13;
const UHID_SET_REPORT_REPLY: u32 = 14;
const HID_MAX_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE: usize = 4096;
const UHID_EVENT_SIZE: usize = 4 + 4372;
const BUS_USB: u16 = 0x03;
fn put_cstr(ev: &mut [u8], off: usize, cap: usize, s: &str) {
let n = s.len().min(cap - 1);
ev[off..off + n].copy_from_slice(&s.as_bytes()[..n]);
}
/// A virtual Steam Controller 2 backed by `/dev/uhid`. Dropping it destroys the device.
pub struct TritonPad {
fd: File,
/// Synth-mode sequence counter (the raw path carries the physical pad's own seq).
seq: u8,
/// Raw reports Steam wrote since the last service pass, kind-tagged for the 0xCD plane.
pending_raw: Vec<(u8, Vec<u8>)>,
/// The last feature SET_REPORT (id-first) — the query half of the Valve GET dance.
last_set: Vec<u8>,
serial: String,
unit_id: u32,
/// Last GET query command logged, so the tester-facing log line fires once per distinct cmd.
last_get_logged: u8,
}
impl TritonPad {
pub fn open(index: u8) -> Result<TritonPad> {
let fd = OpenOptions::new()
.read(true)
.write(true)
.custom_flags(libc::O_NONBLOCK)
.open(UHID_PATH)
.with_context(|| {
format!("open {UHID_PATH} (is the uhid udev rule installed + are you in 'input'?)")
})?;
let mut pad = TritonPad {
fd,
seq: 0,
pending_raw: Vec::new(),
last_set: Vec::new(),
serial: triton_serial(index),
unit_id: triton_unit_id(index),
last_get_logged: 0,
};
pad.send_create2(index).context("UHID_CREATE2 Triton pad")?;
Ok(pad)
}
fn send_create2(&mut self, index: u8) -> Result<()> {
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_CREATE2.to_ne_bytes());
// The physical pad's USB product string is "Steam Controller"; keep the punktfunk prefix
// convention every virtual pad uses (Steam matches on VID/PID, not the name).
put_cstr(
&mut ev,
4,
128,
&format!("Punktfunk Steam Controller 2 {index}"),
); // name[128]
put_cstr(&mut ev, 132, 64, &format!("punktfunk/triton/{index}")); // phys[64]
put_cstr(&mut ev, 196, 64, &format!("punktfunk-triton-{index}")); // uniq[64]
ev[260..262].copy_from_slice(&(TRITON_RDESC.len() as u16).to_ne_bytes()); // rd_size
ev[262..264].copy_from_slice(&BUS_USB.to_ne_bytes()); // bus
ev[264..268].copy_from_slice(&TRITON_VENDOR.to_ne_bytes());
ev[268..272].copy_from_slice(&TRITON_WIRED_PRODUCT.to_ne_bytes());
ev[272..276].copy_from_slice(&0x0100u32.to_ne_bytes()); // version
ev[276..280].copy_from_slice(&0u32.to_ne_bytes()); // country
ev[280..280 + TRITON_RDESC.len()].copy_from_slice(TRITON_RDESC);
self.fd.write_all(&ev).context("write UHID_CREATE2")?;
Ok(())
}
/// Mirror one report out: the client's raw bytes verbatim in as-is mode, else a synthesized
/// minimal `0x42` state report from the typed fallback fields.
pub fn write_state(&mut self, st: &TritonState) -> Result<()> {
if st.raw_len > 0 {
let len = (st.raw_len as usize).min(st.raw.len());
return self.write_input(&st.raw[..len]);
}
self.seq = self.seq.wrapping_add(1);
let mut r = [0u8; TRITON_STATE_LEN];
serialize_triton_state(&mut r, st, self.seq);
self.write_input(&r)
}
fn write_input(&mut self, data: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_INPUT2.to_ne_bytes());
ev[4..6].copy_from_slice(&(data.len() as u16).to_ne_bytes()); // input2.size
ev[6..6 + data.len()].copy_from_slice(data); // input2.data
self.fd.write_all(&ev).context("write UHID_INPUT2")?;
Ok(())
}
/// Service the device, non-blocking: ack SET_REPORTs (a stalled ack blocks the writer ~5 s),
/// answer GET_REPORTs (best-effort canned reply — the query/answer feature dance can't
/// round-trip to the physical pad synchronously), and queue every report Steam wrote for raw
/// forwarding. Returns the rumble level if a `0x80` output report was seen this pass.
pub fn service(&mut self) -> Option<(u16, u16)> {
let mut rumble = None;
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
while let Ok(n) = self.fd.read(&mut ev) {
if n < UHID_EVENT_SIZE {
break;
}
match u32::from_ne_bytes([ev[0], ev[1], ev[2], ev[3]]) {
UHID_OUTPUT => {
let size = u16::from_ne_bytes([ev[4100], ev[4101]]) as usize;
let end = 4 + size.min(HID_MAX_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE);
let rep = strip_report_prefix(&ev[4..end]);
if let Some(r) = parse_triton_rumble(rep) {
rumble = Some(r);
}
self.queue_raw(HID_RAW_OUTPUT, rep);
}
UHID_SET_REPORT => {
let id = u32::from_ne_bytes([ev[4], ev[5], ev[6], ev[7]]);
// uhid_set_report: id u32, rnum u8, rtype u8, size u16, data — data at ev[12..].
let size = u16::from_ne_bytes([ev[10], ev[11]]) as usize;
let end = (12 + size.min(HID_MAX_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE)).min(UHID_EVENT_SIZE);
let rep = strip_report_prefix(&ev[12..end]).to_vec();
if let Some(r) = parse_triton_rumble(&rep) {
rumble = Some(r); // some stacks send haptics on the feature path
}
// Remember the command — it selects the NEXT GET_REPORT's answer (the Valve
// query dance) — and forward it raw to the physical pad.
self.queue_raw(HID_RAW_FEATURE, &rep);
self.last_set = rep;
let _ = self.reply_set_report(id);
}
UHID_GET_REPORT => {
// The answer half of the Valve query dance: echo the LAST SET's command with
// a plausible payload (attributes / serial). Answering with the wrong command
// type makes Steam drop the pad — confirmed on-glass 2026-07-15; the dance
// can't round-trip to the physical pad synchronously.
let id = u32::from_ne_bytes([ev[4], ev[5], ev[6], ev[7]]);
let reply = triton_feature_reply(&self.last_set, &self.serial, self.unit_id);
if reply[1] != self.last_get_logged {
self.last_get_logged = reply[1];
tracing::debug!(
cmd = %format_args!("{:#04x}", reply[1]),
"virtual SC2: answering feature GET"
);
}
let _ = self.reply_get_report(id, &reply);
}
_ => {} // Start/Stop/Open/Close — ignore
}
}
rumble
}
/// Queue a raw report for the 0xCD plane, capped so a hidraw client gone haywire can't grow
/// the queue unboundedly between pumps (newest wins — these are level-styled commands).
fn queue_raw(&mut self, kind: u8, data: &[u8]) {
if data.is_empty() {
return;
}
if self.pending_raw.len() >= 32 {
self.pending_raw.remove(0);
}
self.pending_raw.push((kind, data.to_vec()));
}
fn reply_get_report(&mut self, id: u32, data: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_GET_REPORT_REPLY.to_ne_bytes());
ev[4..8].copy_from_slice(&id.to_ne_bytes());
ev[8..10].copy_from_slice(&0u16.to_ne_bytes()); // err 0
ev[10..12].copy_from_slice(&(data.len() as u16).to_ne_bytes());
ev[12..12 + data.len()].copy_from_slice(data);
self.fd.write_all(&ev).context("UHID_GET_REPORT_REPLY")?;
Ok(())
}
fn reply_set_report(&mut self, id: u32) -> Result<()> {
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_SET_REPORT_REPLY.to_ne_bytes());
ev[4..8].copy_from_slice(&id.to_ne_bytes());
ev[8..10].copy_from_slice(&0u16.to_ne_bytes()); // err 0 (ack)
self.fd.write_all(&ev).context("UHID_SET_REPORT_REPLY")?;
Ok(())
}
}
impl Drop for TritonPad {
fn drop(&mut self) {
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_DESTROY.to_ne_bytes());
let _ = self.fd.write_all(&ev);
}
}
/// The transport a manager pad drives: usbip (`vhci_hcd`, a real USB device Steam lists) with
/// UHID as the degraded fallback — the same ladder shape as the Deck's [`super::steam_controller`],
/// minus the gadget rung (no captured gadget layout for the Triton, and usbip is universal).
pub enum TritonTransport {
Usbip(crate::triton_usbip::TritonUsbip),
Uhid(TritonPad),
}
/// One transport `service()` pass: Steam's latest rumble `(left, right)` plus the raw
/// `(kind, payload)` reports it wrote since the last pass.
type TritonServiced = (Option<(u16, u16)>, Vec<(u8, Vec<u8>)>);
impl TritonTransport {
fn write_state(&mut self, st: &TritonState) {
match self {
TritonTransport::Usbip(u) => u.write_state(st),
TritonTransport::Uhid(p) => {
let _ = p.write_state(st);
}
}
}
/// `(rumble, raw reports)` Steam wrote since the last pass.
fn service(&mut self) -> TritonServiced {
match self {
TritonTransport::Usbip(u) => {
let fb = u.service();
(fb.rumble, fb.raw)
}
TritonTransport::Uhid(p) => {
let rumble = p.service();
(rumble, std::mem::take(&mut p.pending_raw))
}
}
}
}
/// Open the best Steam-visible SC2 transport: **usbip (`vhci_hcd`) → UHID.** Steam is confirmed
/// (on-glass 2026-07-15) to ignore the UHID leg, so reaching the fallback means the pad exists as
/// hidraw only — flagged loudly, with the vhci_hcd remedy in the log.
fn open_transport(idx: u8, puck: bool) -> Result<TritonTransport> {
if crate::steam_usbip::usbip_preferred() {
let opened = if puck {
crate::triton_usbip::TritonUsbip::open_puck(idx)
} else {
crate::triton_usbip::TritonUsbip::open(idx)
};
match opened {
Ok(u) => return Ok(TritonTransport::Usbip(u)),
Err(e) => {
tracing::warn!(error = %format!("{e:#}"), "usbip SC2 unavailable — falling back to UHID")
}
}
}
let p = TritonPad::open(idx)?;
tracing::warn!(
index = idx,
"virtual Steam Controller 2 created as UHID — Steam WON'T list it (no USB interface; \
confirmed on-glass). Load vhci_hcd (usbip) so the pad arrives as a real USB device: \
`sudo modprobe vhci_hcd`, and ensure it loads at boot."
);
Ok(TritonTransport::Uhid(p))
}
/// The Triton-specific half of the shared stateful manager (see [`PadProto`]): raw mirroring
/// with the typed fallback, and the raw-forwarding service pass.
#[derive(Default)]
pub struct TritonProto {
puck: bool,
}
impl TritonProto {
pub fn puck() -> Self {
Self { puck: true }
}
}
impl PadProto for TritonProto {
type Pad = TritonTransport;
type State = TritonState;
const LABEL: &'static str = "Steam Controller 2";
const DEVICE: &'static str = "Steam Controller 2";
const CREATE_HINT: &'static str = "";
fn open(&mut self, idx: u8) -> Result<TritonTransport> {
open_transport(idx, self.puck)
}
fn neutral(&self) -> TritonState {
TritonState::neutral()
}
/// Typed fallback merge. Once raw reports flow (`raw_len > 0`) the frame only refreshes the
/// typed fields for diagnostics — `write_state` keeps mirroring the raw report.
fn merge_frame(
&self,
prev: &TritonState,
f: &punktfunk_core::input::GamepadFrame,
) -> TritonState {
let mut s = TritonState::from_gamepad(
f.buttons,
f.ls_x,
f.ls_y,
f.rs_x,
f.rs_y,
f.left_trigger,
f.right_trigger,
);
// As-is mode is sticky: a typed frame between two raw reports must not flap the pad back
// to synth mode (the client sends BOTH planes — typed keeps the degrade paths alive).
s.raw = prev.raw;
s.raw_len = prev.raw_len;
s
}
fn apply_rich(&self, st: &mut TritonState, rich: RichInput) {
if let RichInput::HidReport { len, data, .. } = rich {
let len = (len as usize).min(data.len()).min(st.raw.len());
if len == 0 {
return;
}
st.raw[..len].copy_from_slice(&data[..len]);
st.raw_len = len as u8;
}
// Touchpad/Motion/TouchpadEx: nothing to fold — the raw feed carries pads + IMU natively,
// and the synth fallback has no surface for them.
}
fn write_state(&self, pad: &mut TritonTransport, st: &TritonState) {
pad.write_state(st);
}
/// Ack + queue Steam's writes, then hand them to the pump as raw 0xCD events; rumble ALSO
/// rides the universal 0xCA plane (deduped) so the client's phone-mirror path keeps working.
fn service(&self, pad: &mut TritonTransport, idx: u8) -> PadFeedback {
let (rumble, raw) = pad.service();
let hidout = raw
.into_iter()
.map(|(kind, data)| HidOutput::HidRaw {
pad: idx,
kind,
data,
})
.collect();
PadFeedback {
rumble,
hidout,
game_drove: None,
}
}
}
/// All virtual Steam Controller 2 pads of a session — `PUNKTFUNK_GAMEPAD=steamcontroller2`
/// (aliases `sc2`/`ibex`), or the per-pad kind an Android client declares for a captured
/// physical pad.
pub type Triton2Manager = UhidManager<TritonProto>;
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
/// On-box smoke: the virtual SC2 must create a hidraw node under `hid-generic` (no evdev —
/// nothing binds the PID) carrying the Valve identity, mirror a raw state report verbatim,
/// and tear down on drop. `#[ignore]`d in CI (touches `/dev/uhid`); run on a Linux box:
/// `cargo test -p punktfunk-host -- --ignored triton`.
#[test]
#[ignore = "creates a real /dev/uhid device; needs the input group"]
fn triton_backend_creates_hidraw_and_mirrors_raw() {
let mut pad = TritonPad::open(0).expect("open TritonPad (/dev/uhid + input group?)");
// Mirror one raw report (as the client would forward it).
let mut st = TritonState::neutral();
let raw: &[u8] = &[0x42, 1, 0x01, 0, 0, 0, 0xFF, 0x7F]; // A held, LT full — truncated is fine
st.raw[..raw.len()].copy_from_slice(raw);
st.raw_len = raw.len() as u8;
for _ in 0..50 {
let _ = pad.service();
pad.write_state(&st).expect("write_state");
std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(4));
}
// The device exists with the Valve identity (hidraw only; /proc/bus/input has no entry).
let found = std::fs::read_dir("/sys/bus/hid/devices")
.map(|d| {
d.flatten()
.any(|e| e.file_name().to_string_lossy().contains(":28DE:1302"))
})
.unwrap_or(false);
assert!(found, "virtual 28DE:1302 HID device not created");
drop(pad);
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,558 @@
//! Virtual Steam Deck via the USB **gadget** subsystem (`raw_gadget` + `dummy_hcd`) — the only
//! virtual-Deck transport Steam Input recognizes.
//!
//! The UHID [`super::steam_controller::SteamDeckPad`] binds the kernel `hid-steam` driver, but Steam's
//! own controller driver filters the Deck's controller to USB **interface 2**, and a UHID device has no
//! USB interface number (`Interface: -1`), so Steam enumerates it but never promotes it. This backend
//! instead presents a *real* 3-interface USB Deck (mouse = interface 0, keyboard = 1, **controller =
//! 2**) on a `dummy_hcd` loopback UDC, driven from userspace via `/dev/raw-gadget` so we can answer
//! every control transfer (including the HID feature reports `f_hid` can't). Proven on a real Deck:
//! hid-steam binds it, Steam reserves an XInput slot and emits an X-Box pad. Descriptors are captured
//! verbatim from a physical Deck; see `packaging/linux/steam-deck-gadget/` for the original PoC + the
//! USB-stack gotchas. **SteamOS-host only** (needs `dummy_hcd` + `raw_gadget`, which SteamOS ships).
//!
//! The transport here is self-contained (libc + std); the report bytes it streams are produced by
//! [`super::steam_proto`] in the wrapping backend.
use anyhow::{bail, Context, Result};
use std::mem::size_of;
use std::os::fd::RawFd;
use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
use std::thread::JoinHandle;
// ---- raw_gadget UAPI (mirrors linux/usb/raw_gadget.h; inlined like the C PoC) ----
const UDC_NAME_MAX: usize = 128;
#[repr(C)]
struct UsbRawInit {
driver_name: [u8; UDC_NAME_MAX],
device_name: [u8; UDC_NAME_MAX],
speed: u8,
}
// usb_raw_event { u32 type; u32 length; u8 data[]; } — we read it into a fixed buffer.
const EVENT_HDR: usize = 8; // type + length
const EVENT_BUF: usize = EVENT_HDR + 64; // setup packet (8) fits easily
// usb_raw_ep_io { u16 ep; u16 flags; u32 length; u8 data[]; }
const EPIO_HDR: usize = 8;
// usb_endpoint_descriptor is 9 bytes in the kernel (audio bRefresh/bSynchAddress); EP_ENABLE wants it.
#[repr(C, packed)]
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Default)]
struct UsbEndpointDescriptor {
b_length: u8,
b_descriptor_type: u8,
b_endpoint_address: u8,
bm_attributes: u8,
w_max_packet_size: u16,
b_interval: u8,
b_refresh: u8,
b_synch_address: u8,
}
const fn ioc(dir: u64, nr: u64, size: usize) -> libc::c_ulong {
((dir << 30) | ((size as u64) << 16) | ((b'U' as u64) << 8) | nr) as libc::c_ulong
}
const IOCTL_INIT: libc::c_ulong = ioc(1, 0, size_of::<UsbRawInit>());
const IOCTL_RUN: libc::c_ulong = ioc(0, 1, 0);
const IOCTL_EVENT_FETCH: libc::c_ulong = ioc(2, 2, EVENT_HDR); // size is the header; kernel copies more
const IOCTL_EP0_WRITE: libc::c_ulong = ioc(1, 3, EPIO_HDR);
const IOCTL_EP0_READ: libc::c_ulong = ioc(2 | 1, 4, EPIO_HDR); // _IOWR
const IOCTL_EP_ENABLE: libc::c_ulong = ioc(1, 5, size_of::<UsbEndpointDescriptor>());
const IOCTL_EP_WRITE: libc::c_ulong = ioc(1, 7, EPIO_HDR);
const IOCTL_CONFIGURE: libc::c_ulong = ioc(0, 9, 0);
const IOCTL_VBUS_DRAW: libc::c_ulong = ioc(1, 10, 4);
const IOCTL_EP0_STALL: libc::c_ulong = ioc(0, 12, 0);
const USB_RAW_EVENT_CONNECT: u32 = 1;
const USB_RAW_EVENT_CONTROL: u32 = 2;
const USB_SPEED_HIGH: u8 = 3;
// Captured-from-hardware Deck descriptors + the `0x83`/`0xAE` feature contract live in the shared
// [`super::steam_proto`] module (single source of truth, also used by the usbip transport).
use super::steam_proto::{
deck_serial, deck_unit_id, feature_reply, neutral_deck_report, RDESC_DECK_CTRL as RDESC_CTRL,
RDESC_DECK_KBD as RDESC_KBD, RDESC_DECK_MOUSE as RDESC_MOUSE,
};
const DEV_DESC: [u8; 18] = [
18, 1, 0x00, 0x02, // bLength, DEVICE, bcdUSB 2.00
0, 0, 0, 64, // class/sub/proto, bMaxPacketSize0
0xDE, 0x28, 0x05, 0x12, // idVendor 28DE, idProduct 1205
0x00, 0x03, // bcdDevice 3.00
1, 2, 3, 1, // iManufacturer, iProduct, iSerial, bNumConfigurations
];
const HID_DT: u8 = 0x21;
const HID_RPT_DT: u8 = 0x22;
/// Assemble the 84-byte config descriptor: config + 3×(interface + HID + 7-byte endpoint).
fn build_config() -> Vec<u8> {
let mut c = Vec::with_capacity(84);
// config descriptor (wTotalLength patched after)
c.extend_from_slice(&[9, 2, 84, 0, 3, 1, 0, 0x80, 250]);
// helper closures
let iface = |n: u8, sub: u8, proto: u8| [9u8, 4, n, 0, 1, 3, sub, proto, 0];
let hid = |rlen: u16, country: u8| {
[
9u8,
HID_DT,
0x10,
0x01,
country,
1,
HID_RPT_DT,
(rlen & 0xff) as u8,
(rlen >> 8) as u8,
]
};
let ep = |addr: u8, mps: u16| [7u8, 5, addr, 0x03, (mps & 0xff) as u8, (mps >> 8) as u8, 4];
// interface 0: mouse, EP 0x81
c.extend_from_slice(&iface(0, 0, 2));
c.extend_from_slice(&hid(RDESC_MOUSE.len() as u16, 0));
c.extend_from_slice(&ep(0x81, 8));
// interface 1: keyboard (boot), EP 0x82
c.extend_from_slice(&iface(1, 1, 1));
c.extend_from_slice(&hid(RDESC_KBD.len() as u16, 0));
c.extend_from_slice(&ep(0x82, 8));
// interface 2: controller, EP 0x83, bCountryCode 33
c.extend_from_slice(&iface(2, 0, 0));
c.extend_from_slice(&hid(RDESC_CTRL.len() as u16, 33));
c.extend_from_slice(&ep(0x83, 64));
debug_assert_eq!(c.len(), 84);
c
}
fn string_desc(idx: u8, serial: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
if idx == 0 {
return vec![4, 3, 0x09, 0x04]; // LANGID en-US
}
let s: &str = match idx {
1 => "Valve Software",
2 => "Steam Deck Controller",
3 => serial,
_ => "",
};
let mut v = vec![(2 + s.len() * 2) as u8, 3];
for ch in s.encode_utf16() {
v.push((ch & 0xff) as u8);
v.push((ch >> 8) as u8);
}
v
}
// ---- ioctl wrappers (the only unsafe surface for the raw_gadget UAPI; documented once) ----
fn ioctl_ptr<T>(fd: RawFd, req: libc::c_ulong, arg: *const T) -> i32 {
// SAFETY: `fd` is our open /dev/raw-gadget descriptor; `arg` points to a correctly-sized,
// initialized argument for `req` (a raw_gadget UAPI struct or an owned usb_raw_ep_io buffer)
// that lives for the duration of the call. `ioctl` is variadic, so passing a thin pointer is ABI-correct.
unsafe { libc::ioctl(fd, req as _, arg) as i32 }
}
fn ioctl_mut<T>(fd: RawFd, req: libc::c_ulong, arg: *mut T) -> i32 {
// SAFETY: as `ioctl_ptr`, but `arg` is a writable buffer the kernel fills for `req` (EVENT_FETCH / EP0_READ).
unsafe { libc::ioctl(fd, req as _, arg) as i32 }
}
fn ioctl_val(fd: RawFd, req: libc::c_ulong, val: libc::c_ulong) -> i32 {
// SAFETY: `req` (VBUS_DRAW) takes an integer argument by value; `fd` is our descriptor.
unsafe { libc::ioctl(fd, req as _, val) as i32 }
}
fn ioctl_none(fd: RawFd, req: libc::c_ulong) -> i32 {
// SAFETY: `req` (RUN / CONFIGURE / EP0_STALL) takes no argument, but raw_gadget rejects a non-zero
// `value` with EINVAL — pass an explicit 0 (an omitted vararg would be an indeterminate register).
unsafe { libc::ioctl(fd, req as _, 0) as i32 }
}
// ---- low-level ep0 helpers (operate on the shared fd) ----
fn ep0_write(fd: RawFd, data: &[u8]) -> i32 {
let mut buf = vec![0u8; EPIO_HDR + data.len()];
buf[0..2].copy_from_slice(&0u16.to_ne_bytes()); // ep 0
buf[4..8].copy_from_slice(&(data.len() as u32).to_ne_bytes());
buf[EPIO_HDR..].copy_from_slice(data);
ioctl_ptr(fd, IOCTL_EP0_WRITE, buf.as_ptr())
}
fn ep0_read(fd: RawFd, len: usize) -> (i32, Vec<u8>) {
let mut buf = vec![0u8; EPIO_HDR + len.max(1)];
buf[4..8].copy_from_slice(&(len as u32).to_ne_bytes());
let r = ioctl_mut(fd, IOCTL_EP0_READ, buf.as_mut_ptr());
let n = if r > 0 { r as usize } else { 0 };
(r, buf[EPIO_HDR..EPIO_HDR + n.min(len.max(1))].to_vec())
}
/// Complete a no-data OUT control (status stage is an IN, handled by a zero-length read).
fn ep0_ack(fd: RawFd) {
ep0_read(fd, 0);
}
fn ep0_stall(fd: RawFd) {
ioctl_none(fd, IOCTL_EP0_STALL);
}
/// Owns the `/dev/raw-gadget` fd; closing it tears the device down.
struct GadgetFd(RawFd);
impl Drop for GadgetFd {
fn drop(&mut self) {
// SAFETY: `self.0` is the fd we opened in `SteamDeckGadget::open` and own uniquely here.
unsafe { libc::close(self.0) };
}
}
/// A virtual Steam Deck presented over the USB gadget subsystem. Dropping it stops the threads and
/// closes the gadget (the kernel tears down the device).
pub struct SteamDeckGadget {
report: Arc<Mutex<[u8; 64]>>,
feedback: Arc<Mutex<super::steam_proto::SteamFeedback>>,
running: Arc<AtomicBool>,
threads: Vec<JoinHandle<()>>,
_fd: Arc<GadgetFd>,
seq: u32,
}
impl SteamDeckGadget {
/// Bind a virtual Deck on a fresh `dummy_hcd` UDC. `index` only varies the serial. Requires
/// `dummy_hcd` + `raw_gadget` loaded and write access to `/dev/raw-gadget` (root on SteamOS).
pub fn open(index: u8) -> Result<SteamDeckGadget> {
// SAFETY: opening a constant NUL-terminated device path with O_RDWR; returns a fd or -1.
let fd = unsafe { libc::open(c"/dev/raw-gadget".as_ptr(), libc::O_RDWR) };
if fd < 0 {
bail!(
"open /dev/raw-gadget ({}) — is raw_gadget+dummy_hcd loaded and are we root?",
std::io::Error::last_os_error()
);
}
let fd = Arc::new(GadgetFd(fd));
let raw = fd.0;
// INIT against the dummy UDC, then RUN.
// SAFETY: `UsbRawInit` is a plain-old-data struct (byte arrays + u8); all-zero is a valid value.
let mut init: UsbRawInit = unsafe { std::mem::zeroed() };
copy_cstr(&mut init.driver_name, "dummy_udc");
copy_cstr(&mut init.device_name, "dummy_udc.0");
init.speed = USB_SPEED_HIGH;
if ioctl_ptr(raw, IOCTL_INIT, &init as *const _) < 0 {
bail!("raw_gadget INIT: {}", std::io::Error::last_os_error());
}
if ioctl_none(raw, IOCTL_RUN) < 0 {
bail!("raw_gadget RUN: {}", std::io::Error::last_os_error());
}
let serial = deck_serial(index);
let unit_id = deck_unit_id(index); // "PF" + index — a synthetic per-instance device id
let report = Arc::new(Mutex::new(neutral_deck_report()));
let feedback = Arc::new(Mutex::new(Default::default()));
let running = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(true));
let ctrl_ep = Arc::new(std::sync::atomic::AtomicI32::new(-1));
let configured = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
// Control thread: enumerate + answer every control transfer.
let control = {
let fd = fd.clone();
let running = running.clone();
let ctrl_ep = ctrl_ep.clone();
let configured = configured.clone();
let feedback = feedback.clone();
std::thread::Builder::new()
.name("pf-deck-gadget-ctrl".into())
.spawn(move || {
control_loop(fd, running, ctrl_ep, configured, feedback, serial, unit_id)
})
.context("spawn gadget control thread")?
};
// Stream thread: push the current report on the controller interrupt-IN endpoint.
let stream = {
let fd = fd.clone();
let running = running.clone();
let ctrl_ep = ctrl_ep.clone();
let configured = configured.clone();
let report = report.clone();
std::thread::Builder::new()
.name("pf-deck-gadget-stream".into())
.spawn(move || stream_loop(fd, running, ctrl_ep, configured, report))
.context("spawn gadget stream thread")?
};
Ok(SteamDeckGadget {
report,
feedback,
running,
threads: vec![control, stream],
_fd: fd,
seq: 0,
})
}
/// Serialize `st` into the 64-byte Deck state report streamed to the kernel.
pub fn write_state(&mut self, st: &super::steam_proto::SteamState) {
self.seq = self.seq.wrapping_add(1);
let mut r = [0u8; 64];
super::steam_proto::serialize_deck_state(&mut r, st, self.seq);
if let Ok(mut g) = self.report.lock() {
*g = r;
}
}
/// Drain any feedback (rumble) the kernel/Steam wrote to the device.
pub fn service(&mut self) -> super::steam_proto::SteamFeedback {
self.feedback
.lock()
.map(|mut f| std::mem::take(&mut *f))
.unwrap_or_default()
}
}
impl Drop for SteamDeckGadget {
fn drop(&mut self) {
self.running.store(false, Ordering::SeqCst);
for t in self.threads.drain(..) {
let _ = t.join();
}
}
}
fn copy_cstr(dst: &mut [u8], s: &str) {
let n = s.len().min(dst.len() - 1);
dst[..n].copy_from_slice(&s.as_bytes()[..n]);
}
fn control_loop(
fd: Arc<GadgetFd>,
running: Arc<AtomicBool>,
ctrl_ep: Arc<std::sync::atomic::AtomicI32>,
configured: Arc<AtomicBool>,
feedback: Arc<Mutex<super::steam_proto::SteamFeedback>>,
serial: String,
unit_id: u32,
) {
let raw = fd.0;
let cfg = build_config();
let mut last_set: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
let mut evbuf = [0u8; EVENT_BUF];
while running.load(Ordering::SeqCst) {
// EVENT_FETCH: type(4) length(4) data[].
evbuf[4..8].copy_from_slice(&(8u32).to_ne_bytes()); // request setup-sized payload
let r = ioctl_mut(raw, IOCTL_EVENT_FETCH, evbuf.as_mut_ptr());
if r < 0 {
if running.load(Ordering::SeqCst) {
// transient; brief backoff
std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(2));
}
continue;
}
let etype = u32::from_ne_bytes([evbuf[0], evbuf[1], evbuf[2], evbuf[3]]);
match etype {
USB_RAW_EVENT_CONNECT => {}
USB_RAW_EVENT_CONTROL => {
let s = &evbuf[EVENT_HDR..EVENT_HDR + 8];
let ctrl = Setup {
bm_request_type: s[0],
b_request: s[1],
w_value: u16::from_le_bytes([s[2], s[3]]),
w_index: u16::from_le_bytes([s[4], s[5]]),
w_length: u16::from_le_bytes([s[6], s[7]]),
};
handle_control(
raw,
&ctrl,
&cfg,
&serial,
unit_id,
&ctrl_ep,
&configured,
&mut last_set,
&feedback,
);
}
_ => {}
}
}
}
struct Setup {
bm_request_type: u8,
b_request: u8,
w_value: u16,
w_index: u16,
w_length: u16,
}
#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
fn handle_control(
raw: RawFd,
ctrl: &Setup,
cfg: &[u8],
serial: &str,
unit_id: u32,
ctrl_ep: &std::sync::atomic::AtomicI32,
configured: &AtomicBool,
last_set: &mut Vec<u8>,
feedback: &Mutex<super::steam_proto::SteamFeedback>,
) {
let idx = (ctrl.w_index & 0xff) as u8;
let type_class = ctrl.bm_request_type & 0x60;
let wl = ctrl.w_length as usize;
if type_class == 0x00 {
// standard
match ctrl.b_request {
0x06 => {
// GET_DESCRIPTOR
let dt = (ctrl.w_value >> 8) as u8;
let di = (ctrl.w_value & 0xff) as u8;
let resp: Vec<u8> = match dt {
1 => DEV_DESC.to_vec(),
2 => cfg.to_vec(),
3 => string_desc(di, serial),
HID_RPT_DT => match idx {
0 => RDESC_MOUSE.to_vec(),
1 => RDESC_KBD.to_vec(),
_ => RDESC_CTRL.to_vec(),
},
HID_DT => {
// re-emit the interface's HID descriptor from the config blob (best effort)
hid_desc_for(cfg, idx)
}
_ => {
ep0_stall(raw);
return;
}
};
let n = resp.len().min(wl);
ep0_write(raw, &resp[..n]);
}
0x09 => {
// SET_CONFIGURATION
ioctl_val(raw, IOCTL_VBUS_DRAW, 0x32);
ioctl_none(raw, IOCTL_CONFIGURE);
enable_endpoints(raw, ctrl_ep);
ep0_ack(raw);
configured.store(true, Ordering::SeqCst);
}
0x0b => ep0_ack(raw), // SET_INTERFACE
0x00 => {
let st = 0u16;
ep0_write(raw, &st.to_le_bytes());
}
_ => ep0_stall(raw),
}
} else if type_class == 0x20 {
// HID class
match ctrl.b_request {
0x01 => {
// GET_REPORT — serve the Deck feature reply for the last requested command.
let resp = feature_reply(last_set, serial, unit_id);
let n = resp.len().min(wl);
ep0_write(raw, &resp[..n]);
}
0x09 => {
// SET_REPORT — read the host's data; remember it + extract feedback.
let (r, data) = ep0_read(raw, wl);
if r > 0 {
*last_set = data.clone();
// parse_steam_output expects [report-id(0), cmd, …]; EP0 OUT data is [cmd, …].
let mut framed = Vec::with_capacity(data.len() + 1);
framed.push(0);
framed.extend_from_slice(&data);
let fb = super::steam_proto::parse_steam_output(&framed);
if fb.rumble.is_some() {
if let Ok(mut g) = feedback.lock() {
*g = fb;
}
}
}
}
0x0a | 0x0b => ep0_ack(raw), // SET_IDLE / SET_PROTOCOL
0x03 => {
ep0_write(raw, &[0u8]);
} // GET_PROTOCOL
_ => ep0_stall(raw),
}
} else {
ep0_stall(raw);
}
}
fn hid_desc_for(cfg: &[u8], idx: u8) -> Vec<u8> {
// The HID descriptors live right after each interface descriptor in the config blob.
// Offsets: cfg(9) | i0(9) h0(9) e0(7) | i1(9) h1(9) e1(7) | i2(9) h2(9) e2(7)
let off = match idx {
0 => 9 + 9,
1 => 9 + 25 + 9,
_ => 9 + 50 + 9,
};
cfg.get(off..off + 9)
.map(|s| s.to_vec())
.unwrap_or_default()
}
fn enable_endpoints(raw: RawFd, ctrl_ep: &std::sync::atomic::AtomicI32) {
let mk = |addr: u8, mps: u16| UsbEndpointDescriptor {
b_length: 7,
b_descriptor_type: 5,
b_endpoint_address: addr,
bm_attributes: 0x03,
w_max_packet_size: mps,
b_interval: 4,
..Default::default()
};
let e0 = mk(0x81, 8);
let e1 = mk(0x82, 8);
let e2 = mk(0x83, 64);
ioctl_ptr(raw, IOCTL_EP_ENABLE, &e0 as *const _);
ioctl_ptr(raw, IOCTL_EP_ENABLE, &e1 as *const _);
let h2 = ioctl_ptr(raw, IOCTL_EP_ENABLE, &e2 as *const _);
ctrl_ep.store(h2, Ordering::SeqCst);
}
fn stream_loop(
fd: Arc<GadgetFd>,
running: Arc<AtomicBool>,
ctrl_ep: Arc<std::sync::atomic::AtomicI32>,
configured: Arc<AtomicBool>,
report: Arc<Mutex<[u8; 64]>>,
) {
let raw = fd.0;
while running.load(Ordering::SeqCst) {
let ep = ctrl_ep.load(Ordering::SeqCst);
if configured.load(Ordering::SeqCst) && ep >= 0 {
let r = report
.lock()
.map(|g| *g)
.unwrap_or_else(|_| neutral_deck_report());
let mut buf = [0u8; EPIO_HDR + 64];
buf[0..2].copy_from_slice(&(ep as u16).to_ne_bytes());
buf[4..8].copy_from_slice(&(64u32).to_ne_bytes());
buf[EPIO_HDR..].copy_from_slice(&r);
// Blocks until the host polls the interrupt-IN endpoint; that's fine on its own thread.
ioctl_ptr(raw, IOCTL_EP_WRITE, buf.as_ptr());
}
std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(8));
}
}
/// Best-effort load of the gadget modules (SteamOS ships `dummy_hcd` + `raw_gadget`). Failures are
/// ignored — the caller falls back to UHID if `/dev/raw-gadget` is then still unusable.
pub fn ensure_modules() {
for m in ["dummy_hcd", "raw_gadget"] {
let _ = std::process::Command::new("modprobe").arg(m).status();
}
}
/// Whether to prefer the USB-gadget Deck over the UHID `SteamDeckPad` — the only transport Steam Input
/// promotes (validated glass-to-glass on a Deck). Defaults **on for SteamOS** hosts (which ship the
/// gadget modules + run Steam Input); off elsewhere, where the universal UHID path stays the default.
/// `PUNKTFUNK_STEAM_GADGET=1`/`0` forces it on/off. A Deck-as-host with a *physical* Deck never reaches
/// here: `resolve_gamepad`'s conflict gate degrades `SteamDeck` → DualSense before the manager is built.
pub fn gadget_preferred() -> bool {
if let Ok(v) = std::env::var("PUNKTFUNK_STEAM_GADGET") {
return v == "1" || v.eq_ignore_ascii_case("true");
}
is_steamos()
}
/// True on SteamOS-class hosts (`/etc/os-release` `ID=steamos`, or `ID_LIKE` naming it).
fn is_steamos() -> bool {
std::fs::read_to_string("/etc/os-release")
.map(|s| {
s.lines()
.any(|l| l == "ID=steamos" || (l.starts_with("ID_LIKE=") && l.contains("steamos")))
})
.unwrap_or(false)
}
@@ -0,0 +1,816 @@
//! Virtual Steam Deck over **USB/IP** (`vhci_hcd`) — the shippable, Secure-Boot-clean, universal
//! alternative to [`super::steam_gadget`] (`raw_gadget` + `dummy_hcd`, SteamOS-only).
//!
//! Like the gadget, this presents a *real* 3-interface USB Steam Deck (mouse = interface 0, keyboard
//! = 1, **controller = 2**) — the interface-2 layout Steam's own driver filters on, so Steam Input
//! promotes it (a UHID Deck, `Interface: -1`, never is). Unlike the gadget it needs no out-of-tree
//! module: `vhci_hcd` is in-tree + signed on SteamOS, Bazzite, and ~every distro, loads under Secure
//! Boot, and needs no MOK. A userspace [`usbip_sim`] server emulates the Deck; the local `vhci_hcd`
//! attaches it. **Validated on Bazzite**: `vhci_hcd` enumerates the 3-interface Deck, `hid-steam`
//! binds it, and Steam reserves an XInput slot — identical recognition to the gadget.
//!
//! The device model + the USB/IP protocol come from the vendored [`usbip_sim`] crate (the upstream
//! `usbip` crate trimmed of its libusb host mode); the captured descriptors + the `0x83`/`0xAE`
//! feature contract come from the shared [`super::steam_proto`] (one source of truth with the gadget).
//!
//! **Attach** is in-process by default (no external `usbip` CLI dependency — the production goal): we
//! run the emulation server on a loopback TCP port, connect to it ourselves, perform the
//! `OP_REQ_IMPORT` handshake, then hand the connected socket fd to `vhci_hcd` via its sysfs `attach`
//! file. If anything in that path fails we fall back to the widely-packaged `usbip` CLI; if *that*
//! also fails, [`open`](SteamDeckUsbip::open) returns `Err` and the caller degrades to UHID.
use super::steam_proto::{
deck_serial, deck_unit_id, feature_reply, neutral_deck_report, parse_steam_output,
SteamFeedback, SteamState, RDESC_DECK_CTRL, RDESC_DECK_KBD, RDESC_DECK_MOUSE,
};
use anyhow::{bail, Context, Result};
use std::any::Any;
use std::collections::HashSet;
use std::io::{Read, Write};
use std::net::TcpStream;
use std::os::fd::AsRawFd;
use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
use std::process::Command;
use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
use std::thread::JoinHandle;
use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
use usbip_sim::{
Direction, SetupPacket, UsbDevice, UsbEndpoint, UsbInterface, UsbInterfaceHandler, UsbIpServer,
Version,
};
const STEAM_VENDOR: u16 = 0x28DE;
const STEAMDECK_PRODUCT: u16 = 0x1205;
/// The single device's USB/IP bus id (one device per server, so the fixed default is fine).
const BUS_ID: &str = "0-0-0";
/// The usbip default TCP port — the server must listen here for the `usbip` CLI fallback to attach.
const USBIP_TCP_PORT: u16 = 3240;
/// Build the 9-byte HID class descriptor inserted between the interface and endpoint descriptors.
fn hid_desc(report_len: usize, country: u8) -> Vec<u8> {
let l = report_len as u16;
#[rustfmt::skip]
let d = vec![0x09, 0x21, 0x10, 0x01, country, 1, 0x22, (l & 0xff) as u8, (l >> 8) as u8];
d
}
/// The Deck **controller** interface (vendor HID, interface 2): answers the HID feature reports
/// (descriptor / `0x83` attributes / `0xAE` serial), streams the current 64-byte state on the
/// interrupt-IN endpoint, and surfaces rumble written via SET_REPORT.
#[derive(Debug)]
struct ControllerHandler {
/// The current 64-byte Deck input report, shared with [`SteamDeckUsbip::write_state`].
report: Arc<Mutex<[u8; 64]>>,
/// Rumble extracted from the kernel's SET_REPORTs, drained by [`SteamDeckUsbip::service`].
feedback: Arc<Mutex<SteamFeedback>>,
/// The host's last SET_REPORT command (drives [`feature_reply`]).
last_set: Vec<u8>,
serial: String,
unit_id: u32,
}
impl UsbInterfaceHandler for ControllerHandler {
fn get_class_specific_descriptor(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
hid_desc(RDESC_DECK_CTRL.len(), 33)
}
fn handle_urb(
&mut self,
_interface: &UsbInterface,
ep: UsbEndpoint,
_len: u32,
setup: SetupPacket,
req: &[u8],
) -> std::io::Result<Vec<u8>> {
if ep.is_ep0() {
Ok(match (setup.request_type, setup.request) {
// GET report descriptor (standard, interface recipient).
(0x81, 0x06) if (setup.value >> 8) == 0x22 => RDESC_DECK_CTRL.to_vec(),
// HID GET_REPORT (feature) — the Deck `0x83`/`0xAE` contract.
(0xA1, 0x01) => feature_reply(&self.last_set, &self.serial, self.unit_id).to_vec(),
// HID SET_REPORT — remember the command (for the next feature reply) + surface rumble.
(0x21, 0x09) => {
self.last_set = req.to_vec();
// `parse_steam_output` expects `[report-id(0), cmd, …]`; EP0 OUT data is `[cmd, …]`.
let mut framed = Vec::with_capacity(req.len() + 1);
framed.push(0);
framed.extend_from_slice(req);
let fb = parse_steam_output(&framed);
if fb.rumble.is_some() {
if let Ok(mut g) = self.feedback.lock() {
*g = fb;
}
}
vec![]
}
(0x21, 0x0A) | (0x21, 0x0B) => vec![], // SET_IDLE / SET_PROTOCOL
_ => vec![],
})
} else if let Direction::In = ep.direction() {
// Interrupt-IN poll: return the current report. The vendored sim paces interrupt-IN by
// bInterval (vhci_hcd does NOT throttle the server side), so this isn't a busy spin.
let r = self
.report
.lock()
.map(|g| *g)
.unwrap_or_else(|_| neutral_deck_report());
Ok(r.to_vec())
} else {
Ok(vec![])
}
}
fn as_any(&mut self) -> &mut dyn Any {
self
}
}
/// A minimal idle HID interface (mouse / keyboard) — serves only its report descriptor.
#[derive(Debug)]
struct IdleHidHandler {
report_desc: Vec<u8>,
}
impl UsbInterfaceHandler for IdleHidHandler {
fn get_class_specific_descriptor(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
hid_desc(self.report_desc.len(), 0)
}
fn handle_urb(
&mut self,
_i: &UsbInterface,
ep: UsbEndpoint,
_l: u32,
setup: SetupPacket,
_req: &[u8],
) -> std::io::Result<Vec<u8>> {
if ep.is_ep0() && setup.request == 0x06 && (setup.value >> 8) == 0x22 {
Ok(self.report_desc.clone())
} else {
Ok(vec![])
}
}
fn as_any(&mut self) -> &mut dyn Any {
self
}
}
pub(crate) fn boxed(
h: impl UsbInterfaceHandler + Send + 'static,
) -> Arc<Mutex<Box<dyn UsbInterfaceHandler + Send>>> {
Arc::new(Mutex::new(Box::new(h)))
}
fn ep(addr: u8, mps: u16) -> UsbEndpoint {
UsbEndpoint {
address: addr,
attributes: 0x03, // interrupt
max_packet_size: mps,
interval: 4,
}
}
/// Assemble the simulated 3-interface USB Deck. The controller handler shares `report` + `feedback`
/// with the owning [`SteamDeckUsbip`].
fn build_device(
index: u8,
report: &Arc<Mutex<[u8; 64]>>,
feedback: &Arc<Mutex<SteamFeedback>>,
) -> UsbDevice {
let mut dev = UsbDevice::new(0); // one device per server; bus_id stays the default "0-0-0".
dev.vendor_id = STEAM_VENDOR;
dev.product_id = STEAMDECK_PRODUCT;
dev.usb_version = Version::from(0x0200u16); // bcdUSB 2.00
dev.device_bcd = Version::from(0x0300u16); // bcdDevice 3.00 (matches the gadget)
dev.set_manufacturer_name("Valve Software");
dev.set_product_name("Steam Deck Controller");
dev.set_serial_number(&deck_serial(index));
dev.with_interface(
0x03,
0x00,
0x02,
Some("mouse"),
vec![ep(0x81, 8)],
boxed(IdleHidHandler {
report_desc: RDESC_DECK_MOUSE.to_vec(),
}),
)
.with_interface(
0x03,
0x01,
0x01,
Some("keyboard"),
vec![ep(0x82, 8)],
boxed(IdleHidHandler {
report_desc: RDESC_DECK_KBD.to_vec(),
}),
)
.with_interface(
0x03,
0x00,
0x00,
Some("controller"),
vec![ep(0x83, 64)],
boxed(ControllerHandler {
report: report.clone(),
feedback: feedback.clone(),
last_set: vec![],
serial: deck_serial(index),
unit_id: deck_unit_id(index),
}),
)
}
/// Owns the emulation-server thread (a dedicated current-thread tokio runtime) and stops it on drop.
/// Run on its own thread so `SteamDeckUsbip::open` works whether or not the caller is inside a tokio
/// runtime (creating a runtime inside one would panic).
struct ServerThread {
stop: Arc<tokio::sync::Notify>,
join: Option<JoinHandle<()>>,
}
impl ServerThread {
/// Spawn the server on `listener`, serving exactly the one simulated `dev`.
fn spawn(listener: std::net::TcpListener, dev: UsbDevice) -> Result<ServerThread> {
let stop = Arc::new(tokio::sync::Notify::new());
let stop_t = stop.clone();
let join = std::thread::Builder::new()
.name("pf-deck-usbip".into())
.spawn(move || {
let rt = match tokio::runtime::Builder::new_current_thread()
.enable_all()
.build()
{
Ok(rt) => rt,
Err(e) => {
tracing::error!(error = %e, "usbip server runtime build failed");
return;
}
};
rt.block_on(run_server(
listener,
Arc::new(UsbIpServer::new_simulated(vec![dev])),
stop_t,
));
})
.context("spawn usbip server thread")?;
Ok(ServerThread {
stop,
join: Some(join),
})
}
}
impl Drop for ServerThread {
fn drop(&mut self) {
self.stop.notify_one();
if let Some(j) = self.join.take() {
let _ = j.join();
}
}
}
/// Accept loop: serve each USB/IP connection with the vendored `usbip_sim::handler` until stopped.
async fn run_server(
listener: std::net::TcpListener,
server: Arc<UsbIpServer>,
stop: Arc<tokio::sync::Notify>,
) {
let listener = match tokio::net::TcpListener::from_std(listener) {
Ok(l) => l,
Err(e) => {
tracing::error!(error = %e, "usbip TcpListener::from_std failed");
return;
}
};
loop {
tokio::select! {
_ = stop.notified() => break,
r = listener.accept() => match r {
Ok((mut sock, _)) => {
// URB replies are small and interleave with the kernel's next SUBMITs; without
// TCP_NODELAY the multi-interface request/response pattern collapses into
// ~40 ms Nagle/delayed-ACK stalls (observed as ~22 reports/s on the Puck's
// active hidraw against a 266 Hz source).
sock.set_nodelay(true).ok();
let server = server.clone();
tokio::spawn(async move {
let _ = usbip_sim::handler(&mut sock, server).await;
});
}
Err(e) => {
tracing::warn!(error = %e, "usbip accept error");
break;
}
}
}
}
}
/// A usbip-attached simulated device: the `vhci_hcd` port plus the socket + emulation server
/// keeping it alive. Dropping it detaches the port FIRST (the kernel closes its socket end and
/// tears the device down — Steam releases its slot), then drops the socket and stops the server —
/// the teardown order the Deck transport shipped with. Shared by every usbip-presented pad
/// (the Deck here, the Steam Controller 2 in [`super::triton_usbip`]).
pub(crate) struct UsbipAttachment {
/// The `vhci_hcd` port we attached to — written to the sysfs `detach` file on drop.
vhci_port: u16,
/// Kept alive so the connected socket fd we handed to `vhci_hcd` stays valid (in-process attach
/// only; the CLI hands its own fd to the kernel and exits, so this is `None` there).
_client_sock: Option<TcpStream>,
/// Emulation-server thread; dropped (stopped) after the detach.
_server: ServerThread,
}
impl Drop for UsbipAttachment {
fn drop(&mut self) {
if let Err(e) = vhci_detach(self.vhci_port) {
tracing::debug!(port = self.vhci_port, error = %e, "vhci detach failed (device may already be gone)");
}
}
}
/// Attach a simulated USB device locally via `vhci_hcd`. Requires `vhci_hcd` loaded and root
/// (the sysfs attach / the CLI both need it). Tries the in-process sysfs attach first, then the
/// `usbip` CLI; `PUNKTFUNK_USBIP_ATTACH=inproc|cli` pins one path (for debugging). `build` is
/// invoked once per attempted path (a [`UsbDevice`] isn't reusable across servers); `label`
/// names the device in the attach log lines.
pub(crate) fn attach_device(build: impl Fn() -> UsbDevice, label: &str) -> Result<UsbipAttachment> {
ensure_modules();
if vhci_base().is_none() {
bail!("vhci_hcd unavailable (no /sys/devices/platform/vhci_hcd*/status) — is it loaded?");
}
let mode = std::env::var("PUNKTFUNK_USBIP_ATTACH").ok();
if mode.as_deref() != Some("cli") {
match attach_in_process(build(), label) {
Ok(a) => return Ok(a),
Err(e) if mode.as_deref() == Some("inproc") => return Err(e),
Err(e) => {
tracing::warn!(error = %format!("{e:#}"), "in-process vhci attach failed — trying the usbip CLI")
}
}
}
attach_via_cli(build(), label)
}
/// In-process attach: emulate on a loopback port, do the import handshake ourselves, hand the
/// connected socket to `vhci_hcd` via sysfs. No external dependency.
fn attach_in_process(dev: UsbDevice, label: &str) -> Result<UsbipAttachment> {
// An ephemeral loopback port (avoids contending the usbip default with another pad).
let listener =
std::net::TcpListener::bind(("127.0.0.1", 0)).context("bind loopback usbip server")?;
let port = listener
.local_addr()
.context("usbip server local_addr")?
.port();
listener
.set_nonblocking(true)
.context("usbip listener set_nonblocking")?;
let server = ServerThread::spawn(listener, dev)?;
// Connect to our own server and run the OP_REQ_IMPORT handshake.
let mut sock = connect_loopback(port).context("connect to usbip server")?;
let (devid, speed) = import_handshake(&mut sock).context("usbip import handshake")?;
// Hand the connected socket to vhci_hcd. Clear BOTH timeouts first: the kernel's vhci rx/tx
// threads honour SO_RCVTIMEO/SO_SNDTIMEO on this socket, so the 3s handshake timeouts would
// otherwise tear the device down after 3s idle (rx) or a 3s-blocked send (tx).
let vhci_port = vhci_find_free_port(speed).context("find a free vhci port")?;
sock.set_read_timeout(None).ok();
sock.set_write_timeout(None).ok();
vhci_attach(vhci_port, sock.as_raw_fd(), devid, speed).context("write vhci_hcd attach")?;
tracing::info!(
label,
vhci_port,
"attached via usbip (in-process — Steam Input recognizes it)"
);
Ok(UsbipAttachment {
vhci_port,
_client_sock: Some(sock),
_server: server,
})
}
/// Fallback: emulate on the usbip default port and let the `usbip` CLI attach (it picks the vhci
/// port itself; we recover it by diffing the sysfs status).
fn attach_via_cli(dev: UsbDevice, label: &str) -> Result<UsbipAttachment> {
let listener = std::net::TcpListener::bind(("127.0.0.1", USBIP_TCP_PORT))
.with_context(|| format!("bind usbip default port {USBIP_TCP_PORT} for CLI attach"))?;
listener
.set_nonblocking(true)
.context("usbip listener set_nonblocking")?;
let server = ServerThread::spawn(listener, dev)?;
let before = vhci_used_ports();
usbip_attach_cli().context("usbip CLI attach")?;
let vhci_port = wait_for_new_port(&before)
.context("could not determine the vhci port the usbip CLI attached to")?;
tracing::info!(
label,
vhci_port,
"attached via usbip (CLI — Steam Input recognizes it)"
);
Ok(UsbipAttachment {
vhci_port,
_client_sock: None,
_server: server,
})
}
/// A virtual Steam Deck presented over USB/IP. Dropping it detaches the `vhci_hcd` port (the device
/// disappears, Steam releases its slot) and stops the emulation server.
pub struct SteamDeckUsbip {
report: Arc<Mutex<[u8; 64]>>,
feedback: Arc<Mutex<SteamFeedback>>,
_attach: UsbipAttachment,
seq: u32,
}
impl SteamDeckUsbip {
/// Bind a virtual Deck and attach it locally via `vhci_hcd`. `index` varies only the serial.
pub fn open(index: u8) -> Result<SteamDeckUsbip> {
let report = Arc::new(Mutex::new(neutral_deck_report()));
let feedback = Arc::new(Mutex::new(SteamFeedback::default()));
let attach = attach_device(
|| build_device(index, &report, &feedback),
&format!("virtual Steam Deck {index}"),
)?;
Ok(SteamDeckUsbip {
report,
feedback,
_attach: attach,
seq: 0,
})
}
/// Serialize `st` into the 64-byte Deck report streamed on the controller interrupt-IN endpoint.
pub fn write_state(&mut self, st: &SteamState) {
self.seq = self.seq.wrapping_add(1);
let mut r = [0u8; 64];
super::steam_proto::serialize_deck_state(&mut r, st, self.seq);
if let Ok(mut g) = self.report.lock() {
*g = r;
}
}
/// Drain any rumble feedback the kernel/Steam wrote to the device.
pub fn service(&mut self) -> SteamFeedback {
self.feedback
.lock()
.map(|mut f| std::mem::take(&mut *f))
.unwrap_or_default()
}
}
// ---- USB/IP import handshake (we act as the usbip *client* before handing the fd to the kernel) ----
const USBIP_VERSION: u16 = 0x0111;
const OP_REQ_IMPORT: u16 = 0x8003;
/// Connect to our own loopback server, retrying briefly while the server thread comes up.
fn connect_loopback(port: u16) -> Result<TcpStream> {
let addr = ("127.0.0.1", port);
let mut last = None;
for _ in 0..50 {
match TcpStream::connect(addr) {
Ok(s) => {
s.set_nodelay(true).ok();
return Ok(s);
}
Err(e) => {
last = Some(e);
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(10));
}
}
}
Err(anyhow::anyhow!(
"connect 127.0.0.1:{port}: {}",
last.map(|e| e.to_string()).unwrap_or_default()
))
}
/// Send `OP_REQ_IMPORT` for [`BUS_ID`] and read `OP_REP_IMPORT`, returning `(devid, speed)` parsed
/// from the device record (the same `devid = bus_num<<16 | dev_num` + speed `vhci_hcd` wants). The
/// whole 320-byte reply MUST be consumed here so the socket starts clean at the kernel's first
/// `USBIP_CMD_SUBMIT`.
fn import_handshake(sock: &mut TcpStream) -> Result<(u32, u32)> {
// Bounded so a non-responsive server can't head-block the per-session input thread (this talks
// to our own in-process loopback server, so a working handshake completes in well under a ms).
sock.set_read_timeout(Some(Duration::from_secs(1))).ok();
sock.set_write_timeout(Some(Duration::from_secs(1))).ok();
let mut req = Vec::with_capacity(40);
req.extend_from_slice(&USBIP_VERSION.to_be_bytes());
req.extend_from_slice(&OP_REQ_IMPORT.to_be_bytes());
req.extend_from_slice(&0u32.to_be_bytes()); // status
let mut busid = [0u8; 32];
let b = BUS_ID.as_bytes();
busid[..b.len()].copy_from_slice(b);
req.extend_from_slice(&busid);
sock.write_all(&req).context("send OP_REQ_IMPORT")?;
// Reply: version(2) code(2) status(4), then the 312-byte device record on success.
let mut header = [0u8; 8];
sock.read_exact(&mut header)
.context("read OP_REP_IMPORT header")?;
let status = u32::from_be_bytes([header[4], header[5], header[6], header[7]]);
if status != 0 {
bail!("OP_REP_IMPORT refused (status={status}) — device {BUS_ID} not exported?");
}
let mut dev = [0u8; 312];
sock.read_exact(&mut dev)
.context("read OP_REP_IMPORT device record")?;
// Device record layout: path[256], bus_id[32], bus_num(4 BE)@288, dev_num(4 BE)@292, speed(4)@296.
let be = |o: usize| u32::from_be_bytes([dev[o], dev[o + 1], dev[o + 2], dev[o + 3]]);
let bus_num = be(288);
let dev_num = be(292);
let speed = be(296);
Ok(((bus_num << 16) | dev_num, speed))
}
// ---- vhci_hcd sysfs plumbing ----
/// Best-effort load of `vhci_hcd` (in-tree + signed on SteamOS/Bazzite/most distros).
pub fn ensure_modules() {
let _ = Command::new("modprobe").arg("vhci_hcd").status();
}
/// Run `usbip attach -r 127.0.0.1 -b 0-0-0`, bounded by a deadline so a hung CLI can't head-block
/// the per-session input thread indefinitely (the caller runs this inline on that thread).
fn usbip_attach_cli() -> Result<()> {
let mut child = Command::new("usbip")
.args(["attach", "-r", "127.0.0.1", "-b", BUS_ID])
.spawn()
.context("spawn `usbip attach` (is usbip-utils installed?)")?;
let deadline = Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(6);
loop {
match child.try_wait().context("wait on `usbip attach`")? {
Some(st) if st.success() => return Ok(()),
Some(st) => bail!("`usbip attach` exited with {st}"),
None if Instant::now() >= deadline => {
let _ = child.kill();
let _ = child.wait();
bail!("`usbip attach` timed out (>6s) — killed");
}
None => std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(20)),
}
}
}
/// Whether a usbip attach should be attempted at all. Default on (the universal Steam-promotable
/// transport on non-SteamOS hosts); `PUNKTFUNK_STEAM_USBIP=0` forces it off, `=1` forces it on.
/// [`open`](SteamDeckUsbip::open) still degrades gracefully if `vhci_hcd` turns out to be absent.
pub fn usbip_preferred() -> bool {
!matches!(
std::env::var("PUNKTFUNK_STEAM_USBIP").ok().as_deref(),
Some("0") | Some("false")
)
}
/// The `vhci_hcd.0` (or legacy `vhci_hcd`) platform sysfs directory, if present.
fn vhci_base() -> Option<PathBuf> {
for p in [
"/sys/devices/platform/vhci_hcd.0",
"/sys/devices/platform/vhci_hcd",
] {
let base = Path::new(p);
if base.join("status").exists() {
return Some(base.to_path_buf());
}
}
None
}
fn read_status() -> Result<String> {
let base = vhci_base().context("vhci_hcd sysfs not present")?;
std::fs::read_to_string(base.join("status")).context("read vhci_hcd status")
}
/// One parsed `status` row: `(port, hub_is_superspeed, sta)`. Handles both the modern
/// `hub port sta …` and the legacy `port sta …` column layouts; returns `None` for header/blank rows.
fn parse_status_row(line: &str) -> Option<(u16, bool, u32)> {
let t: Vec<&str> = line.split_whitespace().collect();
if t.is_empty() {
return None;
}
let (hub_ss, port_str, sta_str) = if t[0] == "hs" || t[0] == "ss" {
(Some(t[0] == "ss"), *t.get(1)?, *t.get(2)?)
} else if t[0].chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_digit()) {
(None, t[0], *t.get(1)?) // legacy: port sta …
} else {
return None; // header ("hub"/"prt"/"port" …)
};
let port = port_str.parse::<u16>().ok()?;
let sta = sta_str.parse::<u32>().ok()?;
Some((port, hub_ss.unwrap_or(false), sta))
}
/// `sta == 4` is `VDEV_ST_NULL` (a free port).
const VDEV_ST_NULL: u32 = 4;
/// Pick a free `vhci_hcd` port matching the device speed (`usbip_speed >= 5` ⇒ SuperSpeed hub).
fn vhci_find_free_port(usbip_speed: u32) -> Result<u16> {
let want_ss = usbip_speed >= 5;
let status = read_status()?;
for line in status.lines() {
if let Some((port, is_ss, sta)) = parse_status_row(line) {
if sta == VDEV_ST_NULL && is_ss == want_ss {
return Ok(port);
}
}
}
// Speed-class match failed (legacy single-hub status): take any free port.
for line in status.lines() {
if let Some((port, _, sta)) = parse_status_row(line) {
if sta == VDEV_ST_NULL {
return Ok(port);
}
}
}
bail!("no free vhci_hcd port (all ports in use?)")
}
/// Ports currently in use (`sta != VDEV_ST_NULL`) — snapshotted around a CLI attach to recover its port.
fn vhci_used_ports() -> HashSet<u16> {
read_status()
.unwrap_or_default()
.lines()
.filter_map(parse_status_row)
.filter(|&(_, _, sta)| sta != VDEV_ST_NULL)
.map(|(port, _, _)| port)
.collect()
}
/// Poll the status file (briefly) for a port that became used since `before` — the one the CLI attached.
fn wait_for_new_port(before: &HashSet<u16>) -> Result<u16> {
let deadline = Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(2);
loop {
if let Some(p) = vhci_used_ports().difference(before).copied().min() {
return Ok(p);
}
if Instant::now() >= deadline {
bail!("no newly-attached vhci port appeared after `usbip attach`");
}
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(50));
}
}
fn vhci_attach(port: u16, sockfd: i32, devid: u32, speed: u32) -> Result<()> {
let base = vhci_base().context("vhci_hcd sysfs not present")?;
let line = format!("{port} {sockfd} {devid} {speed}");
std::fs::write(base.join("attach"), line)
.with_context(|| format!("write vhci_hcd attach (port {port}) — root?"))
}
fn vhci_detach(port: u16) -> Result<()> {
let base = vhci_base().context("vhci_hcd sysfs not present")?;
std::fs::write(base.join("detach"), format!("{port}")).context("write vhci_hcd detach")
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
/// The `status` parser handles the modern `hub port sta …` layout, the legacy `port sta …`
/// layout, and skips header/blank lines — a slip here would mean attaching to a busy port.
#[test]
fn status_parser_handles_both_layouts() {
// modern
assert_eq!(
parse_status_row("hs 0000 004 000 00000000 000000 0-0"),
Some((0, false, 4))
);
assert_eq!(
parse_status_row("ss 0008 006 000 00000000 000000 0-0"),
Some((8, true, 6))
);
// legacy (no hub column)
assert_eq!(
parse_status_row("0001 004 000 00000000 000000 0-0"),
Some((1, false, 4))
);
// header / blank
assert_eq!(
parse_status_row("hub port sta spd dev sockfd local_busid"),
None
);
assert_eq!(parse_status_row(""), None);
}
/// A free HS port is preferred for an HS device; a free SS port for an SS device.
#[test]
fn free_port_selection_matches_speed() {
let status = "hub port sta spd dev sockfd local_busid\n\
hs 0000 006 000 00000000 000000 0-0\n\
hs 0001 004 000 00000000 000000 0-0\n\
ss 0008 004 000 00000000 000000 0-0\n";
// Reuse the parser directly (vhci_find_free_port reads sysfs; test the selection logic).
let hs = status
.lines()
.filter_map(parse_status_row)
.find(|&(_, is_ss, sta)| sta == VDEV_ST_NULL && !is_ss)
.map(|(p, _, _)| p);
let ss = status
.lines()
.filter_map(parse_status_row)
.find(|&(_, is_ss, sta)| sta == VDEV_ST_NULL && is_ss)
.map(|(p, _, _)| p);
assert_eq!(hs, Some(1));
assert_eq!(ss, Some(8));
}
/// On-box smoke test (needs root + `vhci_hcd`): attach a virtual Deck, confirm `hid-steam` binds
/// it (the `Steam Deck` evdev appears) and that it tears down on drop. `#[ignore]`d in CI.
#[test]
#[ignore = "attaches a real vhci_hcd device; needs root + vhci_hcd"]
fn usbip_deck_binds_and_tears_down() {
ensure_modules();
let mut pad = SteamDeckUsbip::open(0).expect("open SteamDeckUsbip (root + vhci_hcd?)");
let st = SteamState::from_gamepad(punktfunk_core::input::gamepad::BTN_A, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
let start = Instant::now();
while start.elapsed() < Duration::from_millis(800) {
pad.write_state(&st);
let _ = pad.service();
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(8));
}
let devs = std::fs::read_to_string("/proc/bus/input/devices").unwrap_or_default();
assert!(
devs.contains("Steam Deck"),
"hid-steam did not bind the usbip Deck"
);
drop(pad);
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(300));
let devs = std::fs::read_to_string("/proc/bus/input/devices").unwrap_or_default();
assert!(
!devs.contains("Steam Deck Motion Sensors"),
"device not torn down on drop"
);
}
/// On-box smoke test (needs root + `vhci_hcd`): rumble the attached virtual Deck exactly like
/// Steam does — a `0xEB` feature SET_REPORT on the hid-steam hidraw node — and confirm
/// [`SteamDeckUsbip::service`] surfaces `(left, right)` for the 0xCA plane. The Deck presents
/// 3 interfaces (0 mouse / 1 kbd / 2 controller); only the CONTROLLER interface's EP0 handler
/// parses feedback (the idle interfaces ACK silently, like real hardware), and Steam filters
/// on interface 2 — so the write must land there. `#[ignore]`d in CI.
#[test]
#[ignore = "attaches a real vhci_hcd device; needs root + vhci_hcd"]
fn usbip_deck_rumble_flows_via_controller_interface() {
use super::super::steam_proto::ID_TRIGGER_RUMBLE_CMD;
ensure_modules();
let mut pad = SteamDeckUsbip::open(0).expect("open SteamDeckUsbip (root + vhci_hcd?)");
let st = SteamState::from_gamepad(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
let start = Instant::now();
while start.elapsed() < Duration::from_millis(1500) {
pad.write_state(&st);
let _ = pad.service();
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(8));
}
// The hid-steam hidraw node on USB interface 2 (bInterfaceNumber is the HID device's
// parent attribute).
let node = std::fs::read_dir("/sys/class/hidraw")
.expect("/sys/class/hidraw")
.flatten()
.find_map(|e| {
let ue =
std::fs::read_to_string(e.path().join("device/uevent")).unwrap_or_default();
let iface = std::fs::read_to_string(e.path().join("device/../bInterfaceNumber"))
.ok()
.and_then(|s| u8::from_str_radix(s.trim(), 16).ok());
(ue.lines().any(|l| l == "DRIVER=hid-steam") && iface == Some(2))
.then(|| format!("/dev/{}", e.file_name().to_string_lossy()))
})
.expect("no hid-steam hidraw on interface 2");
let f = std::fs::OpenOptions::new()
.read(true)
.write(true)
.open(&node)
.expect("open hidraw");
// steam_haptic_rumble: [report-id 0, 0xEB, len 9, 0, intensity(2), left(2), right(2), gain(2)]
let mut buf = [0u8; 12];
buf[1] = ID_TRIGGER_RUMBLE_CMD;
buf[2] = 0x09;
buf[6..8].copy_from_slice(&0xC000u16.to_le_bytes());
buf[8..10].copy_from_slice(&0x4000u16.to_le_bytes());
// HIDIOCSFEATURE(12)
let req: libc::c_ulong =
(3 << 30) | ((buf.len() as libc::c_ulong) << 16) | (0x48 << 8) | 0x06;
// SAFETY: HIDIOCSFEATURE reads the 12-byte report from the live `buf` behind the valid
// hidraw fd `f`; the length is encoded in the request, so nothing is written past it.
let rc = unsafe { libc::ioctl(f.as_raw_fd(), req, buf.as_mut_ptr()) };
assert!(
rc >= 0,
"HIDIOCSFEATURE: {}",
std::io::Error::last_os_error()
);
let start = Instant::now();
let mut got = None;
while got.is_none() && start.elapsed() < Duration::from_millis(1500) {
got = pad.service().rumble;
pad.write_state(&st);
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(8));
}
assert_eq!(
got,
Some((0xC000, 0x4000)),
"Deck rumble never surfaced from the interface-2 SET_REPORT"
);
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,319 @@
//! Virtual Nintendo Switch Pro Controller via UHID — bound by the kernel's `hid-nintendo`
//! (≥ 5.16), so a Nintendo-family client pad gets correct glyphs + positional layout, live
//! gyro/accel, and HD-rumble feedback, instead of folding to the Xbox 360 pad (mirrored A/B
//! + X/Y, no motion).
//!
//! Unlike `hid-playstation` (whose init is three GET_REPORTs), `hid-nintendo` runs a real
//! PROBE CONVERSATION against the device: the `0x80`-family USB commands, then ~a dozen
//! subcommands (device info, SPI-flash calibration reads, IMU/vibration enable, input mode,
//! player lights) — each a blocking send that must see its reply (input report `0x81`/`0x21`)
//! within 12 s or probe aborts and NO input devices appear. The whole codec + the canned
//! replies live in [`super::switch_proto`]; this module is the `/dev/uhid` plumbing that
//! answers them from the [`UhidManager`]'s frequent `service` pass (the same cadence that
//! already completes the DualSense handshake).
//!
//! Post-probe, the driver stalls every LED/rumble write for up to 250 ms unless input reports
//! are flowing — the shared manager's 8 ms silence heartbeat provides exactly that steady
//! `0x30` stream. On host suspend/resume the driver re-runs the whole init; the service pass
//! answers it identically (nothing probe-specific is latched).
use super::switch_proto::{
build_subcmd_reply, build_usb_ack, device_info_payload, parse_output, player_leds_bits,
serialize_report_0x30, spi_flash_read, switch_mac, SwitchOutput, SwitchState, PROCON_RDESC,
SWITCH_PRODUCT, SWITCH_REPORT_LEN, SWITCH_VENDOR,
};
use crate::uhid_manager::{PadFeedback, PadProto, UhidManager};
use anyhow::{Context, Result};
use punktfunk_core::quic::{HidOutput, RichInput};
use std::fs::{File, OpenOptions};
use std::io::{Read, Write};
use std::os::unix::fs::OpenOptionsExt;
// /dev/uhid event ABI (linux/uhid.h) — identical to the DualSense backend's; see `super::dualsense`.
const UHID_PATH: &str = "/dev/uhid";
const UHID_DESTROY: u32 = 1;
const UHID_OUTPUT: u32 = 6;
const UHID_GET_REPORT: u32 = 9;
const UHID_GET_REPORT_REPLY: u32 = 10;
const UHID_CREATE2: u32 = 11;
const UHID_INPUT2: u32 = 12;
const HID_MAX_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE: usize = 4096;
const UHID_EVENT_SIZE: usize = 4 + 4372; // type + union (create2)
const BUS_USB: u16 = 0x03;
/// Copy a NUL-padded C string field into the event buffer.
fn put_cstr(ev: &mut [u8], off: usize, cap: usize, s: &str) {
let n = s.len().min(cap - 1);
ev[off..off + n].copy_from_slice(&s.as_bytes()[..n]); // rest already zero (NUL-terminated)
}
/// A virtual Pro Controller backed by `/dev/uhid`. Dropping it destroys the device (the kernel
/// tears down the bound `hid-nintendo` interface).
pub struct SwitchProPad {
fd: File,
index: u8,
/// Rolling report timer (byte 1 of every input report).
timer: u8,
/// The last written state — subcommand replies embed the current input-state header, so the
/// probe conversation always reports coherent (neutral, at first) controller state.
state: SwitchState,
}
impl SwitchProPad {
/// Create the UHID Pro Controller for pad `index` (used for the name/uniq + the virtual MAC).
pub fn open(index: u8) -> Result<SwitchProPad> {
let fd = OpenOptions::new()
.read(true)
.write(true)
.custom_flags(libc::O_NONBLOCK)
.open(UHID_PATH)
.with_context(|| {
format!("open {UHID_PATH} (is the 60-punktfunk.rules uhid rule installed + are you in 'input'?)")
})?;
let mut pad = SwitchProPad {
fd,
index,
timer: 0,
state: SwitchState::neutral(),
};
pad.send_create2(index).context("UHID_CREATE2 Switch Pro")?;
Ok(pad)
}
fn send_create2(&mut self, index: u8) -> Result<()> {
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_CREATE2.to_ne_bytes());
// union (uhid_create2_req) starts at byte 4.
put_cstr(
&mut ev,
4,
128,
&format!("Punktfunk Switch Pro Controller {index}"),
); // name[128]
put_cstr(&mut ev, 132, 64, &format!("punktfunk/switchpro/{index}")); // phys[64]
put_cstr(&mut ev, 196, 64, &format!("punktfunk-swpro-{index}")); // uniq[64]
ev[260..262].copy_from_slice(&(PROCON_RDESC.len() as u16).to_ne_bytes()); // rd_size
ev[262..264].copy_from_slice(&BUS_USB.to_ne_bytes()); // bus (selects the driver's USB init path)
ev[264..268].copy_from_slice(&SWITCH_VENDOR.to_ne_bytes());
ev[268..272].copy_from_slice(&SWITCH_PRODUCT.to_ne_bytes());
ev[272..276].copy_from_slice(&0x0200u32.to_ne_bytes()); // version (bcdDevice 2.00)
ev[276..280].copy_from_slice(&0u32.to_ne_bytes()); // country
ev[280..280 + PROCON_RDESC.len()].copy_from_slice(PROCON_RDESC); // rd_data
self.fd.write_all(&ev).context("write UHID_CREATE2")?;
Ok(())
}
/// Write one full input report to the kernel (UHID_INPUT2).
fn write_report(&mut self, r: &[u8; SWITCH_REPORT_LEN]) -> Result<()> {
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_INPUT2.to_ne_bytes());
ev[4..6].copy_from_slice(&(r.len() as u16).to_ne_bytes()); // input2.size
ev[6..6 + r.len()].copy_from_slice(r); // input2.data
self.fd.write_all(&ev).context("write UHID_INPUT2")?;
Ok(())
}
/// Serialize the state into the standard `0x30` report and stream it.
pub fn write_state(&mut self, st: &SwitchState) -> Result<()> {
self.state = *st;
self.timer = self.timer.wrapping_add(1);
let r = serialize_report_0x30(st, self.timer);
self.write_report(&r)
}
/// Answer one subcommand from the driver with its canned `0x21` reply.
fn answer_subcmd(&mut self, id: u8, args: &[u8]) {
self.timer = self.timer.wrapping_add(1);
let st = self.state;
let reply = match id {
// Device info — the fatal one (probe aborts without it): type = Pro Controller +
// this pad's virtual MAC. Real hardware acks it with 0x82.
0x02 => build_subcmd_reply(
&st,
self.timer,
0x82,
id,
&device_info_payload(&switch_mac(self.index)),
),
// SPI flash read: echoed addr + len + the canned calibration bytes. An unmapped
// range answers zeroes (echoed header, zero data) — the driver then warns and uses
// its defaults instead of stalling through 2 × 1 s timeouts.
0x10 => {
let addr = args
.get(..4)
.map(|a| u32::from_le_bytes([a[0], a[1], a[2], a[3]]))
.unwrap_or(0);
let len = args.get(4).copied().unwrap_or(0);
let payload = spi_flash_read(addr, len).unwrap_or_else(|| {
tracing::debug!(
addr = format!("{addr:#x}"),
len,
"unmapped SPI read — zero fill"
);
let mut p = Vec::with_capacity(5 + len as usize);
p.extend_from_slice(&addr.to_le_bytes());
p.push(len);
p.extend(std::iter::repeat_n(0u8, len as usize));
p
});
build_subcmd_reply(&st, self.timer, 0x90, id, &payload)
}
// Everything else the driver sends (input mode 0x03, IMU 0x40, vibration 0x48,
// player lights 0x30, home light 0x38, …) just needs the ack + echoed id.
_ => build_subcmd_reply(&st, self.timer, 0x80, id, &[]),
};
let _ = self.write_report(&reply);
}
/// Service the device, non-blocking: answer the driver's probe conversation (USB commands +
/// subcommands) and surface a game's rumble / player-lights feedback for pad `pad`. Call
/// frequently — each probe step blocks the driver until answered.
pub fn service(&mut self, pad: u8) -> PadFeedback {
let mut fb = PadFeedback::default();
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
while let Ok(n) = self.fd.read(&mut ev) {
if n < UHID_EVENT_SIZE {
break;
}
match u32::from_ne_bytes([ev[0], ev[1], ev[2], ev[3]]) {
UHID_OUTPUT => {
// uhid_output_req: data[4096] at [4..4100], size u16 at [4100..4102].
let size = u16::from_ne_bytes([ev[4100], ev[4101]]) as usize;
let end = 4 + size.min(HID_MAX_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE);
match parse_output(&ev[4..end]) {
Some(SwitchOutput::UsbCmd(cmd)) => {
// Ack every 0x80 command, incl. no-timeout (0x04) — the driver
// ignores that ack but replying skips its 2 × 100 ms wait.
let _ = self.write_report(&build_usb_ack(cmd));
}
Some(SwitchOutput::Subcmd { id, args, rumble }) => {
fb.rumble = Some(rumble);
if id == 0x30 {
// Player lights ride the subcommand itself; still ack it.
if let Some(&arg) = args.first() {
fb.hidout.push(HidOutput::PlayerLeds {
pad,
bits: player_leds_bits(arg),
});
}
}
self.answer_subcmd(id, &args);
}
Some(SwitchOutput::Rumble(r)) => fb.rumble = Some(r),
None => {}
}
}
UHID_GET_REPORT => {
// hid-nintendo never GET_REPORTs; answer EIO so nothing ever blocks on us.
let req_id = u32::from_ne_bytes([ev[4], ev[5], ev[6], ev[7]]);
let _ = self.reply_get_report_err(req_id);
}
_ => {} // Start/Stop/Open/Close/SetReport — ignore
}
}
fb
}
fn reply_get_report_err(&mut self, id: u32) -> Result<()> {
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_GET_REPORT_REPLY.to_ne_bytes());
// uhid_get_report_reply_req: id u32 [4..8], err u16 [8..10], size u16 [10..12].
ev[4..8].copy_from_slice(&id.to_ne_bytes());
ev[8..10].copy_from_slice(&5u16.to_ne_bytes()); // EIO
self.fd
.write_all(&ev)
.context("write UHID_GET_REPORT_REPLY")?;
Ok(())
}
}
impl Drop for SwitchProPad {
fn drop(&mut self) {
let mut ev = [0u8; UHID_EVENT_SIZE];
ev[0..4].copy_from_slice(&UHID_DESTROY.to_ne_bytes());
let _ = self.fd.write_all(&ev);
}
}
/// The Switch-Pro-specific half of the shared stateful manager (see [`PadProto`]): UHID
/// transport open, the [`SwitchState`] mappers, and the probe-conversation service pass.
/// Lifecycle (slot table, unplug sweep, heartbeat, dedup) lives in [`UhidManager`].
pub struct SwitchProProto {
/// Fallback policy for the Steam back grips a client may send (a Pro Controller has no
/// back-button slot). `PUNKTFUNK_STEAM_REMAP=paddles=…`; default drop.
remap: crate::steam_remap::RemapConfig,
}
impl Default for SwitchProProto {
fn default() -> SwitchProProto {
SwitchProProto {
remap: crate::steam_remap::RemapConfig::from_env(),
}
}
}
impl PadProto for SwitchProProto {
type Pad = SwitchProPad;
type State = SwitchState;
const LABEL: &'static str = "Switch Pro";
const DEVICE: &'static str = "Switch Pro Controller";
const CREATE_HINT: &'static str = "";
fn open(&mut self, idx: u8) -> Result<SwitchProPad> {
let p = SwitchProPad::open(idx)?;
tracing::info!(
index = idx,
"virtual Switch Pro Controller created (UHID hid-nintendo)"
);
Ok(p)
}
fn neutral(&self) -> SwitchState {
SwitchState::neutral()
}
/// Merge buttons/sticks/triggers from the frame, preserving motion (it arrives on the rich
/// plane and must survive a button-only frame). Paddles fold via the configured policy.
fn merge_frame(
&self,
prev: &SwitchState,
f: &punktfunk_core::input::GamepadFrame,
) -> SwitchState {
let buttons = crate::steam_remap::fold_paddles(f.buttons, self.remap.paddles);
let mut s = SwitchState::from_gamepad(
buttons,
f.ls_x,
f.ls_y,
f.rs_x,
f.rs_y,
f.left_trigger,
f.right_trigger,
);
s.gyro = prev.gyro;
s.accel = prev.accel;
s
}
/// Motion lands on the IMU sample frames; a Pro Controller has no touchpad, so touch events
/// are dropped (the client folds trackpads into stick/mouse modes itself).
fn apply_rich(&self, st: &mut SwitchState, rich: RichInput) {
if let RichInput::Motion { gyro, accel, .. } = rich {
st.apply_motion(gyro, accel);
}
}
fn write_state(&self, pad: &mut SwitchProPad, st: &SwitchState) {
let _ = pad.write_state(st);
}
/// Answer the driver's probe conversation (it blocks `hid-nintendo` init until every step is
/// answered — call frequently) and surface a game's feedback: HD-rumble amplitude on the
/// universal 0xCA plane, player lights on the 0xCD plane.
fn service(&self, pad: &mut SwitchProPad, idx: u8) -> PadFeedback {
pad.service(idx)
}
}
/// All virtual Switch Pro Controllers of a session — `PUNKTFUNK_GAMEPAD=switchpro`, or the
/// per-pad kind a client declares for a Nintendo-family physical pad.
pub type SwitchProManager = UhidManager<SwitchProProto>;
File diff suppressed because it is too large Load Diff
+292
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
//! Input injection through the wlroots virtual-input Wayland protocols
//! (`zwlr_virtual_pointer_manager_v1` + `zwp_virtual_keyboard_manager_v1`) — the headless-Sway
//! path. We connect as an ordinary Wayland client (the host inherits Sway's
//! `WAYLAND_DISPLAY`/`XDG_RUNTIME_DIR`), bind the two managers, upload an xkb keymap for the
//! virtual keyboard (the host's layout via the standard `XKB_DEFAULT_LAYOUT` et al., defaulting
//! to evdev/US), and translate events into virtual pointer/keyboard requests, tracking modifier
//! state so the compositor resolves shifted keysyms correctly.
// Every `unsafe` block in this file carries a `// SAFETY:` proof; enforce it (unsafe-proof program).
#![deny(clippy::undocumented_unsafe_blocks)]
use super::{gs_button_to_evdev, vk_to_evdev, InputEvent, InputInjector};
use anyhow::{bail, Context, Result};
use punktfunk_core::input::InputKind;
use std::io::Write;
use std::os::fd::{AsFd, FromRawFd};
use std::time::Instant;
use wayland_client::protocol::{wl_output::WlOutput, wl_pointer, wl_registry, wl_seat::WlSeat};
use wayland_client::{Connection, Dispatch, EventQueue, Proxy, QueueHandle};
use wayland_protocols_misc::zwp_virtual_keyboard_v1::client::{
zwp_virtual_keyboard_manager_v1::ZwpVirtualKeyboardManagerV1,
zwp_virtual_keyboard_v1::ZwpVirtualKeyboardV1,
};
use wayland_protocols_wlr::virtual_pointer::v1::client::{
zwlr_virtual_pointer_manager_v1::ZwlrVirtualPointerManagerV1,
zwlr_virtual_pointer_v1::ZwlrVirtualPointerV1,
};
use xkbcommon::xkb;
/// `code` value marking a horizontal scroll event (mirrors `gamestream::input`).
const SCROLL_HORIZONTAL: u32 = 1;
/// Globals bound from the registry (the Wayland dispatch state).
#[derive(Default)]
struct Globals {
pointer_mgr: Option<ZwlrVirtualPointerManagerV1>,
keyboard_mgr: Option<ZwpVirtualKeyboardManagerV1>,
seat: Option<WlSeat>,
output: Option<WlOutput>,
}
impl Dispatch<wl_registry::WlRegistry, ()> for Globals {
fn event(
state: &mut Self,
registry: &wl_registry::WlRegistry,
event: wl_registry::Event,
_: &(),
_: &Connection,
qh: &QueueHandle<Self>,
) {
if let wl_registry::Event::Global {
name,
interface,
version,
} = event
{
match interface.as_str() {
"zwlr_virtual_pointer_manager_v1" => {
state.pointer_mgr = Some(registry.bind(name, version.min(2), qh, ()));
}
"zwp_virtual_keyboard_manager_v1" => {
state.keyboard_mgr = Some(registry.bind(name, version.min(1), qh, ()));
}
"wl_seat" => {
state.seat = Some(registry.bind(name, version.min(7), qh, ()));
}
"wl_output" if state.output.is_none() => {
state.output = Some(registry.bind(name, version.min(3), qh, ()));
}
_ => {}
}
}
}
}
// The managers, the two virtual devices, the seat and the output emit no events we use.
macro_rules! ignore_events {
($($t:ty),* $(,)?) => {$(
impl Dispatch<$t, ()> for Globals {
fn event(_: &mut Self, _: &$t, _: <$t as Proxy>::Event, _: &(), _: &Connection, _: &QueueHandle<Self>) {}
}
)*};
}
ignore_events!(
WlSeat,
WlOutput,
ZwlrVirtualPointerManagerV1,
ZwlrVirtualPointerV1,
ZwpVirtualKeyboardManagerV1,
ZwpVirtualKeyboardV1,
);
pub struct WlrootsInjector {
conn: Connection,
queue: EventQueue<Globals>,
globals: Globals,
pointer: ZwlrVirtualPointerV1,
keyboard: ZwpVirtualKeyboardV1,
xkb_state: xkb::State,
_keymap_file: std::fs::File, // keep the memfd alive for the compositor's mmap
start: Instant,
}
impl WlrootsInjector {
pub fn open() -> Result<Self> {
let conn = Connection::connect_to_env()
.context("connect to Wayland (is Sway up + WAYLAND_DISPLAY/XDG_RUNTIME_DIR set?)")?;
let mut queue = conn.new_event_queue();
let qh = queue.handle();
let _registry = conn.display().get_registry(&qh, ());
let mut globals = Globals::default();
queue
.roundtrip(&mut globals)
.context("Wayland registry roundtrip")?;
let pointer_mgr = globals
.pointer_mgr
.clone()
.context("compositor lacks zwlr_virtual_pointer_manager_v1")?;
let keyboard_mgr = globals
.keyboard_mgr
.clone()
.context("compositor lacks zwp_virtual_keyboard_manager_v1")?;
let seat = globals
.seat
.clone()
.context("compositor advertised no wl_seat")?;
let pointer = pointer_mgr.create_virtual_pointer_with_output(
Some(&seat),
globals.output.as_ref(),
&qh,
(),
);
let keyboard = keyboard_mgr.create_virtual_keyboard(&seat, &qh, ());
// The keymap the compositor resolves our raw evdev keycodes with. Empty names defer to
// the standard `XKB_DEFAULT_RULES/MODEL/LAYOUT/VARIANT/OPTIONS` env vars, then to
// libxkbcommon's built-ins (evdev/pc105/us) — so a non-US host sets e.g.
// `XKB_DEFAULT_LAYOUT=de` and the positional wire keys render as its layout (parity with
// the libei path, where the session compositor's own keymap applies). Previously this
// hardcoded "us", which forced US characters for the OEM/umlaut keys on every layout.
let ctx = xkb::Context::new(xkb::CONTEXT_NO_FLAGS);
let keymap =
xkb::Keymap::new_from_names(&ctx, "", "", "", "", None, xkb::KEYMAP_COMPILE_NO_FLAGS)
.context("compile xkb keymap (check XKB_DEFAULT_LAYOUT/VARIANT/RULES if set)")?;
tracing::info!(
layout = %std::env::var("XKB_DEFAULT_LAYOUT").unwrap_or_else(|_| "us (default)".into()),
"virtual keyboard keymap compiled"
);
let keymap_str = keymap.get_as_string(xkb::KEYMAP_FORMAT_TEXT_V1);
let xkb_state = xkb::State::new(&keymap);
let file = memfd_with(&keymap_str)?;
let size = keymap_str.len() as u32 + 1; // include the trailing NUL
keyboard.keymap(1 /* XKB_V1 */, file.as_fd(), size);
queue
.roundtrip(&mut globals)
.context("keymap upload roundtrip")?;
conn.flush().ok();
tracing::info!(
output = globals.output.is_some(),
"wlroots virtual input ready (pointer + keyboard)"
);
Ok(Self {
conn,
queue,
globals,
pointer,
keyboard,
xkb_state,
_keymap_file: file,
start: Instant::now(),
})
}
fn now_ms(&self) -> u32 {
self.start.elapsed().as_millis() as u32
}
/// Update xkb state for a key and tell the compositor the resulting modifier mask.
fn send_modifiers(&mut self, evdev: u16, down: bool) {
let kc = xkb::Keycode::new(evdev as u32 + 8); // evdev -> xkb keycode
let dir = if down {
xkb::KeyDirection::Down
} else {
xkb::KeyDirection::Up
};
self.xkb_state.update_key(kc, dir);
let depressed = self.xkb_state.serialize_mods(xkb::STATE_MODS_DEPRESSED);
let latched = self.xkb_state.serialize_mods(xkb::STATE_MODS_LATCHED);
let locked = self.xkb_state.serialize_mods(xkb::STATE_MODS_LOCKED);
let group = self.xkb_state.serialize_layout(xkb::STATE_LAYOUT_EFFECTIVE);
self.keyboard.modifiers(depressed, latched, locked, group);
}
}
impl InputInjector for WlrootsInjector {
fn inject(&mut self, event: &InputEvent) -> Result<()> {
let t = self.now_ms();
match event.kind {
InputKind::MouseMove => {
self.pointer.motion(t, event.x as f64, event.y as f64);
self.pointer.frame();
}
InputKind::MouseMoveAbs => {
let w = (event.flags >> 16) & 0xffff;
let h = event.flags & 0xffff;
if w > 0 && h > 0 {
let x = event.x.clamp(0, w as i32) as u32;
let y = event.y.clamp(0, h as i32) as u32;
self.pointer.motion_absolute(t, x, y, w, h);
self.pointer.frame();
}
}
InputKind::MouseButtonDown | InputKind::MouseButtonUp => {
if let Some(btn) = gs_button_to_evdev(event.code) {
let st = if event.kind == InputKind::MouseButtonDown {
wl_pointer::ButtonState::Pressed
} else {
wl_pointer::ButtonState::Released
};
self.pointer.button(t, btn, st);
self.pointer.frame();
}
}
InputKind::MouseScroll => {
let axis = if event.code == SCROLL_HORIZONTAL {
wl_pointer::Axis::HorizontalScroll
} else {
wl_pointer::Axis::VerticalScroll
};
// GameStream sends WHEEL_DELTA(120)-scaled units; a notch ≈ 15px. Positive
// GameStream = up (vertical), negative on the Wayland axis; but = RIGHT
// (horizontal), already positive there (moonlight-qt/Sunshine pass
// horizontal through unnegated) — only the vertical axis flips.
let notches = event.x as f64 / 120.0;
let sign = if event.code == SCROLL_HORIZONTAL {
1.0
} else {
-1.0
};
self.pointer.axis_source(wl_pointer::AxisSource::Wheel);
self.pointer.axis(t, axis, sign * notches * 15.0);
self.pointer.frame();
}
InputKind::KeyDown | InputKind::KeyUp => {
let down = event.kind == InputKind::KeyDown;
if let Some(evdev) = vk_to_evdev(event.code as u8) {
self.keyboard.key(t, evdev as u32, if down { 1 } else { 0 });
self.send_modifiers(evdev, down);
} else {
tracing::debug!(vk = event.code, "unmapped VK keycode — dropped");
}
}
InputKind::GamepadState
| InputKind::GamepadButton
| InputKind::GamepadAxis
| InputKind::GamepadRemove
| InputKind::GamepadArrival => {} // not yet injected
// wlroots has no virtual-touch protocol wired here; touch is the libei path only.
InputKind::TouchDown | InputKind::TouchMove | InputKind::TouchUp => {}
}
// Surface protocol errors / disconnects, then push the batch to the compositor.
self.queue
.dispatch_pending(&mut self.globals)
.context("wayland dispatch")?;
self.conn.flush().context("wayland flush")?;
Ok(())
}
}
/// Create an anonymous in-memory file holding `s` + a trailing NUL (for the keymap fd).
fn memfd_with(s: &str) -> Result<std::fs::File> {
let name = b"punktfunk-keymap\0";
// SAFETY: `name` is a byte-string literal with an explicit trailing NUL, so `name.as_ptr()` is a
// valid NUL-terminated C string; `memfd_create` only reads that name (copying it) and creates an
// anonymous file, returning a fresh fd (or -1). `MFD_CLOEXEC` is a valid flag. The 'static literal
// outlives the synchronous call and nothing aliases it. The result is checked `< 0` below.
let fd = unsafe { libc::memfd_create(name.as_ptr() as *const libc::c_char, libc::MFD_CLOEXEC) };
if fd < 0 {
bail!("memfd_create failed: {}", std::io::Error::last_os_error());
}
// SAFETY: `fd` is the fresh memfd `memfd_create` just returned and checked `>= 0`; it is a unique
// open fd nothing else owns, so `File` takes sole ownership and closes it exactly once on drop —
// no alias, no double-close.
let mut f = unsafe { std::fs::File::from_raw_fd(fd) };
f.write_all(s.as_bytes()).context("write keymap")?;
f.write_all(&[0]).context("write keymap NUL")?;
Ok(f)
}
+122
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
//! Shared virtual-pad creation-retry policy, used by every backend manager (Linux uinput/uhid,
//! Windows XUSB/UMDF). See [`PadGate`].
use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
/// Backoff after the first failed pad creation…
const FIRST_BACKOFF: Duration = Duration::from_secs(1);
/// …doubling on each consecutive failure, capped here so a persistently-broken host retries at most
/// this often (a negligible cost) while still self-healing within one window of the fix.
const MAX_BACKOFF: Duration = Duration::from_secs(30);
/// Create-retry gate shared by every virtual-pad manager.
///
/// Each backend used to carry a `broken: bool` that latched permanently on the FIRST pad-creation
/// error, so a single transient failure — a startup race on `/dev/uinput`, a momentary `EBUSY`, the
/// Windows companion driver not yet ready — disabled EVERY controller for the rest of the session,
/// even after the underlying cause cleared. `PadGate` replaces that latch with capped exponential
/// backoff:
///
/// * After a failure, creation is blocked only until the backoff elapses — so the manager does not
/// re-attempt (and re-log) on every one of the 60240 input frames a second — then a single
/// retry is permitted.
/// * A success clears the backoff, so the next failure starts fresh from [`FIRST_BACKOFF`].
/// * Consecutive failures widen the window, doubling up to [`MAX_BACKOFF`].
///
/// Even a genuinely broken setup (bad `/dev/uinput` permissions, missing Windows driver) therefore
/// self-heals within [`MAX_BACKOFF`] of the fix — a udev-rule reload, a driver install, the next
/// client connect — with no host restart, while costing at most one failed syscall plus one log
/// line per backoff window. The gate is manager-wide (not per slot), matching the old `broken`
/// flag: these failures are systemic (device-node permissions, absent driver), not per-controller.
#[derive(Debug, Default)]
pub struct PadGate {
/// When the current backoff ends. `None` = creation is allowed right now.
retry_at: Option<Instant>,
/// Current backoff length: `ZERO` until the first failure, then [`FIRST_BACKOFF`] doubling
/// toward [`MAX_BACKOFF`].
backoff: Duration,
}
impl PadGate {
/// A gate that permits creation immediately (no failures recorded yet).
pub fn new() -> PadGate {
PadGate::default()
}
/// May a pad be created at `now`? `true` unless a post-failure backoff is still in effect.
pub fn allow(&self, now: Instant) -> bool {
match self.retry_at {
None => true,
Some(t) => now >= t,
}
}
/// Record a successful pad creation — clear the backoff so the next failure starts fresh.
pub fn on_success(&mut self) {
self.retry_at = None;
self.backoff = Duration::ZERO;
}
/// Record a failed pad creation at `now` — arm the next retry a capped-exponential backoff out.
pub fn on_failure(&mut self, now: Instant) {
self.backoff = if self.backoff.is_zero() {
FIRST_BACKOFF
} else {
(self.backoff * 2).min(MAX_BACKOFF)
};
self.retry_at = Some(now + self.backoff);
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn fresh_gate_allows_creation() {
assert!(PadGate::new().allow(Instant::now()));
}
#[test]
fn failure_blocks_until_backoff_elapses_then_allows_one_retry() {
let t0 = Instant::now();
let mut g = PadGate::new();
g.on_failure(t0);
// Blocked for the whole first-backoff window…
assert!(!g.allow(t0));
assert!(!g.allow(t0 + FIRST_BACKOFF - Duration::from_millis(1)));
// …then a single retry is permitted.
assert!(g.allow(t0 + FIRST_BACKOFF));
}
#[test]
fn consecutive_failures_double_the_backoff_up_to_the_cap() {
let t0 = Instant::now();
let mut g = PadGate::new();
g.on_failure(t0); // window = 1s
g.on_failure(t0); // window = 2s
assert!(!g.allow(t0 + FIRST_BACKOFF)); // still blocked at 1s — the window is now 2s
assert!(g.allow(t0 + 2 * FIRST_BACKOFF));
// Drive well past the cap and confirm the window never exceeds MAX_BACKOFF.
for _ in 0..20 {
g.on_failure(t0);
}
assert!(!g.allow(t0 + MAX_BACKOFF - Duration::from_millis(1)));
assert!(g.allow(t0 + MAX_BACKOFF));
}
#[test]
fn success_resets_the_backoff() {
let t0 = Instant::now();
let mut g = PadGate::new();
g.on_failure(t0);
g.on_failure(t0); // window grown to 2s
g.on_success();
// Success clears the backoff: creation is immediately allowed again.
assert!(g.allow(t0));
// The next failure starts from FIRST_BACKOFF, not the grown value.
g.on_failure(t0);
assert!(!g.allow(t0 + FIRST_BACKOFF - Duration::from_millis(1)));
assert!(g.allow(t0 + FIRST_BACKOFF));
}
}
+184
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
//! Shared virtual-pad slot table + creation lifecycle, used by every backend manager (Linux
//! uinput/uhid, Windows XUSB/UMDF). See [`PadSlots`].
use crate::pad_gate::PadGate;
use anyhow::Result;
use punktfunk_core::input::MAX_PADS;
use std::time::Instant;
// The unplug sweep walks a u16 `active_mask` (the wire type); every slot must have a bit.
const _: () = assert!(MAX_PADS <= 16);
/// The slot table + lifecycle every virtual-pad manager repeats: `Vec<Option<P>>` keyed by wire pad
/// index, the `active_mask` unplug sweep, and the [`PadGate`]-guarded create. Extracted verbatim
/// from seven copy-pasted managers (G12) so a lifecycle fix lands once, not seven times.
///
/// Division of labor: `PadSlots` owns the pads' *existence* (create / sweep / lookup) and logs the
/// shared lifecycle lines (unplug, create-failure); the backend keeps everything per-controller —
/// its state model, feedback pump, and the success log inside `open` (which knows the transport
/// detail worth printing). Per-index sibling state (`state` / `last_rumble` / dedup / clocks) stays
/// in the manager, which resets it on the indices [`sweep`](Self::sweep) returns and on a `true`
/// from [`ensure`](Self::ensure).
pub struct PadSlots<P> {
pads: Vec<Option<P>>,
/// Create-retry gate: a transient backend failure backs off and retries instead of permanently
/// disabling every pad for the session.
gate: PadGate,
/// Backend tag in the shared lifecycle log lines, e.g. `"DualSense/Windows"` — keeps every
/// existing per-backend line byte-identical (ops greps survive the extraction).
label: &'static str,
/// Device name in the create-failure line ("virtual `<device>` creation failed …").
device: &'static str,
/// Suffix for the create-failure line — empty on Linux, the driver-install hint on Windows.
hint: &'static str,
}
impl<P> PadSlots<P> {
/// An empty table of [`MAX_PADS`] slots whose lifecycle log lines carry `label` / `device` /
/// `hint` (see the field docs).
pub fn new(label: &'static str, device: &'static str, hint: &'static str) -> PadSlots<P> {
PadSlots {
pads: (0..MAX_PADS).map(|_| None).collect(),
gate: PadGate::new(),
label,
device,
hint,
}
}
/// The backend tag this table logs with (for the manager's own arrival line).
pub fn label(&self) -> &'static str {
self.label
}
/// Drop every allocated pad whose `active_mask` bit cleared (the unplug sweep run on each state
/// frame), logging each. Returns the swept indices as a bitmask so the caller resets its
/// per-index sibling state; an index another manager owns is `None` here, so it is never swept.
pub fn sweep(&mut self, active_mask: u16) -> u16 {
let mut swept = 0u16;
for (i, slot) in self.pads.iter_mut().enumerate() {
if slot.is_some() && active_mask & (1 << i) == 0 {
tracing::info!(index = i, "controller unplugged ({})", self.label);
*slot = None;
swept |= 1 << i;
}
}
swept
}
/// Create the pad at `idx` via `open` if the slot is empty and the create gate allows it.
/// Returns `true` only on a fresh create (the caller resets its per-index sibling state);
/// `open` logs its own success line (it knows the transport detail), failure is logged here.
pub fn ensure(&mut self, idx: usize, open: impl FnOnce(u8) -> Result<P>) -> bool {
if idx >= MAX_PADS || self.pads[idx].is_some() || !self.gate.allow(Instant::now()) {
return false;
}
match open(idx as u8) {
Ok(p) => {
self.pads[idx] = Some(p);
self.gate.on_success();
true
}
Err(e) => {
tracing::error!(
error = %format!("{e:#}"),
"virtual {} creation failed — retrying with backoff{}",
self.device,
self.hint
);
self.gate.on_failure(Instant::now());
false
}
}
}
/// The live pad at `idx`, if any (out-of-range → `None`).
pub fn get(&self, idx: usize) -> Option<&P> {
self.pads.get(idx).and_then(|s| s.as_ref())
}
/// The live pad at `idx`, mutably, if any (out-of-range → `None`).
pub fn get_mut(&mut self, idx: usize) -> Option<&mut P> {
self.pads.get_mut(idx).and_then(|s| s.as_mut())
}
/// Iterate the live pads as `(index, &mut pad)` (the feedback-pump shape).
pub fn iter_mut(&mut self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (usize, &mut P)> {
self.pads
.iter_mut()
.enumerate()
.filter_map(|(i, s)| s.as_mut().map(|p| (i, p)))
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
use anyhow::bail;
fn slots() -> PadSlots<u32> {
PadSlots::new("Test", "test pad", "")
}
#[test]
fn ensure_creates_once_and_reports_freshness() {
let mut s = slots();
// Fresh create → true; the pad is live.
assert!(s.ensure(3, |i| Ok(i as u32 * 10)));
assert_eq!(s.get(3), Some(&30));
// Occupied slot → no re-open (the closure must not run), no reset signal.
assert!(!s.ensure(3, |_| panic!("re-opened an occupied slot")));
// Out of range → never opens.
assert!(!s.ensure(MAX_PADS, |_| panic!("opened out of range")));
assert_eq!(s.get(MAX_PADS), None);
}
#[test]
fn sweep_drops_only_cleared_bits_and_returns_them_once() {
let mut s = slots();
assert!(s.ensure(0, |_| Ok(0)));
assert!(s.ensure(2, |_| Ok(2)));
assert!(s.ensure(5, |_| Ok(5)));
// Mask keeps 2, clears 0 and 5; empty slots (1, 3, …) are untouched non-events.
let swept = s.sweep(0b0000_0100);
assert_eq!(swept, 0b0010_0001);
assert_eq!(s.get(0), None);
assert_eq!(s.get(2), Some(&2));
assert_eq!(s.get(5), None);
// A second identical sweep is a no-op: the indices were returned exactly once.
assert_eq!(s.sweep(0b0000_0100), 0);
}
#[test]
fn create_failure_arms_the_gate_and_success_heals_it() {
let mut s = slots();
assert!(!s.ensure(1, |_| bail!("transient")));
// Backoff in effect: the next attempt is blocked without even calling `open`.
assert!(!s.ensure(1, |_| panic!("open during backoff")));
// The gate is manager-wide (create failures are systemic), so other indices block too.
assert!(!s.ensure(2, |_| panic!("open during backoff")));
// …and a sweep-then-recreate of a *different* live pad is equally gated, but the table
// itself is intact: nothing was allocated.
assert_eq!(s.get(1), None);
}
#[test]
fn recreate_after_sweep_resets_freshness() {
let mut s = slots();
assert!(s.ensure(4, |_| Ok(1)));
s.sweep(0);
assert_eq!(s.get(4), None);
// The slot is free again → a fresh create (true) with a new value.
assert!(s.ensure(4, |_| Ok(2)));
assert_eq!(s.get(4), Some(&2));
}
#[test]
fn iter_mut_yields_live_pads_with_indices() {
let mut s = slots();
assert!(s.ensure(1, |_| Ok(10)));
assert!(s.ensure(6, |_| Ok(60)));
let seen: Vec<(usize, u32)> = s.iter_mut().map(|(i, p)| (i, *p)).collect();
assert_eq!(seen, vec![(1, 10), (6, 60)]);
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,847 @@
//! Transport-independent DualSense HID contract — shared by the Linux UHID backend
//! ([`super::dualsense`]) and the Windows UMDF-driver backend ([`super::dualsense_windows`]).
//!
//! This is the pure logic: the report descriptor, feature blobs, the [`DsState`] controller model
//! and its `GameStream`/XInput mapper, the input-report serializer (report `0x01`) and the
//! output-report parser (report `0x02`, a game's rumble / lightbar / player-LED / adaptive-trigger
//! feedback). Neither half depends on a transport — the Linux backend writes `0x01` to `/dev/uhid`
//! and reads `0x02` via `UHID_OUTPUT`; the Windows backend pushes `0x01` to the UMDF driver and
//! pulls `0x02` back over its control channel — but both build/parse the exact same bytes.
//!
//! The descriptor + field layout are the canonical inputtino ones (games-on-whales/inputtino
//! `src/uhid/include/uhid/ps5.hpp`), so `hid-playstation` (Linux) and `hidclass` (Windows) bind the
//! same as a real USB DualSense.
use punktfunk_core::quic::{HidOutput, RichInput};
// Feature reports the host stack GET_REPORTs during init — without these replies the kernel
// (`hid-playstation`) never finishes calibration and creates no input devices. Verbatim from
// inputtino (each array's first byte is the report id). The pairing report carries a fixed
// virtual MAC.
#[rustfmt::skip]
// FIXME(cal-len): the descriptor declares report 0x05 as a 40-byte feature (id + 40 = 41 total),
// but this blob is 42 bytes (one trailing pad byte too many). Linux `hid-playstation` tolerates it
// (the backend is live-validated), and `hidclass` truncates to the declared length, so it is not
// currently blocking; trim the trailing 0x00 to 41 once a physical DualSense is available to
// re-verify motion calibration on both backends.
pub const DS_FEATURE_CALIBRATION: &[u8] = &[ // report 0x05 (motion calibration)
0x05, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x27, 0xF0, 0xD8, 0x10, 0x27, 0xF0, 0xD8, 0x10,
0x27, 0xF0, 0xD8, 0xF4, 0x01, 0xF4, 0x01, 0x10, 0x27, 0xF0, 0xD8, 0x10, 0x27, 0xF0, 0xD8, 0x10,
0x27, 0xF0, 0xD8, 0x0B, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
];
#[rustfmt::skip]
pub const DS_FEATURE_PAIRING: &[u8] = &[ // report 0x09 (pairing info: MAC at bytes 1..7)
0x09, 0x74, 0xE7, 0xD6, 0x3A, 0x53, 0x35, 0x08, 0x25, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x00, 0xEE, 0x74, 0xD0, 0xBC,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
];
#[rustfmt::skip]
pub const DS_FEATURE_FIRMWARE: &[u8] = &[ // report 0x20 (firmware info / build date)
0x20, 0x4A, 0x75, 0x6E, 0x20, 0x31, 0x39, 0x20, 0x32, 0x30, 0x32, 0x33, 0x31, 0x34, 0x3A, 0x34,
0x37, 0x3A, 0x33, 0x34, 0x03, 0x00, 0x44, 0x00, 0x08, 0x02, 0x00, 0x01, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,
0xC1, 0xC8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x54, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,
0x14, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0B, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x06, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
];
/// The pairing reply (report `0x09`) for wire pad `pad`: [`DS_FEATURE_PAIRING`] with the MAC's low
/// octet offset by the pad index. The MAC must be **unique per pad**: `hid-playstation` adopts it
/// as the HID `uniq` (replacing whatever uniq the device was created with), and SDL/Steam dedup
/// controllers by that serial — with identical MACs a second virtual pad reads as the *first* pad
/// re-appearing over another transport and is merged/ignored.
pub fn ds_pairing_reply(pad: u8) -> [u8; 20] {
let mut r = [0u8; 20];
r.copy_from_slice(DS_FEATURE_PAIRING);
r[1] = r[1].wrapping_add(pad); // MAC lives at bytes 1..7, LSB first
r
}
/// Sony DualSense USB HID report descriptor (273 bytes), verbatim from inputtino — the exact
/// descriptor `hid-playstation` (Linux) / `hidclass` (Windows) parses to bind a DualSense.
#[rustfmt::skip]
pub const DUALSENSE_RDESC: &[u8] = &[
0x05, 0x01, 0x09, 0x05, 0xA1, 0x01, 0x85, 0x01, 0x09, 0x30, 0x09, 0x31, 0x09, 0x32, 0x09, 0x35,
0x09, 0x33, 0x09, 0x34, 0x15, 0x00, 0x26, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x06, 0x81, 0x02, 0x06,
0x00, 0xFF, 0x09, 0x20, 0x95, 0x01, 0x81, 0x02, 0x05, 0x01, 0x09, 0x39, 0x15, 0x00, 0x25, 0x07,
0x35, 0x00, 0x46, 0x3B, 0x01, 0x65, 0x14, 0x75, 0x04, 0x95, 0x01, 0x81, 0x42, 0x65, 0x00, 0x05,
0x09, 0x19, 0x01, 0x29, 0x0F, 0x15, 0x00, 0x25, 0x01, 0x75, 0x01, 0x95, 0x0F, 0x81, 0x02, 0x06,
0x00, 0xFF, 0x09, 0x21, 0x95, 0x0D, 0x81, 0x02, 0x06, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x09, 0x22, 0x15, 0x00, 0x26,
0xFF, 0x00, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x34, 0x81, 0x02, 0x85, 0x02, 0x09, 0x23, 0x95, 0x2F, 0x91, 0x02,
0x85, 0x05, 0x09, 0x33, 0x95, 0x28, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x08, 0x09, 0x34, 0x95, 0x2F, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0x09, 0x09, 0x24, 0x95, 0x13, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x0A, 0x09, 0x25, 0x95, 0x1A, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0x20, 0x09, 0x26, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x21, 0x09, 0x27, 0x95, 0x04, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0x22, 0x09, 0x40, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x80, 0x09, 0x28, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0x81, 0x09, 0x29, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x82, 0x09, 0x2A, 0x95, 0x09, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0x83, 0x09, 0x2B, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x84, 0x09, 0x2C, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0x85, 0x09, 0x2D, 0x95, 0x02, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xA0, 0x09, 0x2E, 0x95, 0x01, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0xE0, 0x09, 0x2F, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xF0, 0x09, 0x30, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0xF1, 0x09, 0x31, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xF2, 0x09, 0x32, 0x95, 0x0F, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0xF4, 0x09, 0x35, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xF5, 0x09, 0x36, 0x95, 0x03, 0xB1, 0x02,
0xC0,
];
/// Sony DualSense **Edge** USB HID report descriptor (389 bytes) — a verbatim real-device
/// capture (hid-recorder, hhd-dev/hwinfo `devices/ds5_edge`, cross-checked byte-for-byte against
/// the raw usbmon pcap in the same repo and the descriptor Handheld Daemon ships for ITS virtual
/// UHID Edge). vs the plain DS5 descriptor: output report `0x02` grows 47→63 bytes, feature
/// `0xF2` 15→52, and 19 vendor feature reports (`0x60..=0x7B`, the Edge profile slots) are
/// appended — input report `0x01` is bit-identical (the Edge's Fn/back buttons ride previously
/// reserved bits of `buttons[2]`, see [`btn2`]).
#[rustfmt::skip]
pub const DUALSENSE_EDGE_RDESC: &[u8] = &[
0x05, 0x01, 0x09, 0x05, 0xA1, 0x01, 0x85, 0x01, 0x09, 0x30, 0x09, 0x31, 0x09, 0x32, 0x09, 0x35,
0x09, 0x33, 0x09, 0x34, 0x15, 0x00, 0x26, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x06, 0x81, 0x02, 0x06,
0x00, 0xFF, 0x09, 0x20, 0x95, 0x01, 0x81, 0x02, 0x05, 0x01, 0x09, 0x39, 0x15, 0x00, 0x25, 0x07,
0x35, 0x00, 0x46, 0x3B, 0x01, 0x65, 0x14, 0x75, 0x04, 0x95, 0x01, 0x81, 0x42, 0x65, 0x00, 0x05,
0x09, 0x19, 0x01, 0x29, 0x0F, 0x15, 0x00, 0x25, 0x01, 0x75, 0x01, 0x95, 0x0F, 0x81, 0x02, 0x06,
0x00, 0xFF, 0x09, 0x21, 0x95, 0x0D, 0x81, 0x02, 0x06, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x09, 0x22, 0x15, 0x00, 0x26,
0xFF, 0x00, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x34, 0x81, 0x02, 0x85, 0x02, 0x09, 0x23, 0x95, 0x3F, 0x91, 0x02,
0x85, 0x05, 0x09, 0x33, 0x95, 0x28, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x08, 0x09, 0x34, 0x95, 0x2F, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0x09, 0x09, 0x24, 0x95, 0x13, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x0A, 0x09, 0x25, 0x95, 0x1A, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0x20, 0x09, 0x26, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x21, 0x09, 0x27, 0x95, 0x04, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0x22, 0x09, 0x40, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x80, 0x09, 0x28, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0x81, 0x09, 0x29, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x82, 0x09, 0x2A, 0x95, 0x09, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0x83, 0x09, 0x2B, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x84, 0x09, 0x2C, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0x85, 0x09, 0x2D, 0x95, 0x02, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xA0, 0x09, 0x2E, 0x95, 0x01, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0xE0, 0x09, 0x2F, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xF0, 0x09, 0x30, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0xF1, 0x09, 0x31, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xF2, 0x09, 0x32, 0x95, 0x34, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0xF4, 0x09, 0x35, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0xF5, 0x09, 0x36, 0x95, 0x03, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0x60, 0x09, 0x41, 0x95, 0x3F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x61, 0x09, 0x42, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x62,
0x09, 0x43, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x63, 0x09, 0x44, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x64, 0x09, 0x45, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0x65, 0x09, 0x46, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x68, 0x09, 0x47, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x70, 0x09, 0x48,
0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x71, 0x09, 0x49, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x72, 0x09, 0x4A, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x73,
0x09, 0x4B, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x74, 0x09, 0x4C, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x75, 0x09, 0x4D, 0xB1, 0x02,
0x85, 0x76, 0x09, 0x4E, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x77, 0x09, 0x4F, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x78, 0x09, 0x50,
0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x79, 0x09, 0x51, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x7A, 0x09, 0x52, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x7B,
0x09, 0x53, 0xB1, 0x02, 0xC0,
];
pub const DS_VENDOR: u32 = 0x054C; // Sony Interactive Entertainment
pub const DS_PRODUCT: u32 = 0x0CE6; // DualSense Wireless Controller
pub const DS_EDGE_PRODUCT: u32 = 0x0DF2; // DualSense Edge Wireless Controller
/// USB input report `0x01` is 64 bytes total (report id + 63-byte body).
pub const DS_INPUT_REPORT_LEN: usize = 64;
/// The DualSense touchpad's reported resolution (the kernel exposes it as ABS_MT 0..1920/1080).
pub const DS_TOUCH_W: u16 = 1920;
pub const DS_TOUCH_H: u16 = 1080;
/// Bit positions inside the DualSense face/dpad button byte (`buttons[0]`, low nibble = hat).
pub mod btn0 {
pub const SQUARE: u8 = 0x10;
pub const CROSS: u8 = 0x20;
pub const CIRCLE: u8 = 0x40;
pub const TRIANGLE: u8 = 0x80;
}
/// `buttons[1]`: shoulders, triggers-as-buttons, create/options, stick clicks.
pub mod btn1 {
pub const L1: u8 = 0x01;
pub const R1: u8 = 0x02;
pub const L2: u8 = 0x04;
pub const R2: u8 = 0x08;
pub const CREATE: u8 = 0x10; // "Share"
pub const OPTIONS: u8 = 0x20;
pub const L3: u8 = 0x40;
pub const R3: u8 = 0x80;
}
/// `buttons[2]`: PS, touchpad click, mute — plus, on the DualSense **Edge**, the two Fn and two
/// back buttons in bits 47 (kernel `DS_EDGE_BUTTONS_*` / SDL `SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_PS5_*`; the
/// plain DS5 leaves those bits reserved). The kernel maps them to `BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY1..4`
/// (Fn-L, Fn-R, back-L, back-R) since 7.2; SDL/Steam read them off hidraw on any kernel.
pub mod btn2 {
pub const PS: u8 = 0x01;
pub const TOUCHPAD: u8 = 0x02;
/// Mic-mute / capture button — set from the wire `BTN_MISC1` in `DsState::from_gamepad`.
pub const MUTE: u8 = 0x04;
/// Edge left Fn button (below the left stick).
pub const EDGE_FN_LEFT: u8 = 0x10;
/// Edge right Fn button.
pub const EDGE_FN_RIGHT: u8 = 0x20;
/// Edge left back button (rear paddle).
pub const EDGE_BACK_LEFT: u8 = 0x40;
/// Edge right back button (rear paddle).
pub const EDGE_BACK_RIGHT: u8 = 0x80;
}
/// Map the wire back-grip bits onto the DualSense Edge's `buttons[2]` bits — the reason the Edge
/// backend exists: all four client paddles (Deck grips L4/L5/R4/R5, Elite P1P4) land on native
/// slots instead of the fold/drop policy. Wire PADDLE1/2 = R4/L4 (the primary pair, Steam
/// convention) → the Edge's right/left BACK buttons; PADDLE3/4 = R5/L5 → the right/left Fn
/// buttons (real-HW Fn is profile-switch chrome, but on a virtual pad the bits reach consumers
/// as ordinary buttons — kernel `BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY1/2`, SDL `LEFT/RIGHT_FUNCTION`).
pub fn edge_paddle_bits(buttons: u32) -> u8 {
use punktfunk_core::input::gamepad as gs;
let mut b = 0;
if buttons & gs::BTN_PADDLE1 != 0 {
b |= btn2::EDGE_BACK_RIGHT; // R4
}
if buttons & gs::BTN_PADDLE2 != 0 {
b |= btn2::EDGE_BACK_LEFT; // L4
}
if buttons & gs::BTN_PADDLE3 != 0 {
b |= btn2::EDGE_FN_RIGHT; // R5
}
if buttons & gs::BTN_PADDLE4 != 0 {
b |= btn2::EDGE_FN_LEFT; // L5
}
b
}
/// One touchpad contact for the report.
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Default)]
pub struct Touch {
pub active: bool,
pub id: u8,
pub x: u16, // 0..DS_TOUCH_W
pub y: u16, // 0..DS_TOUCH_H
}
/// Full DualSense controller state to serialize into report `0x01`. Sticks/triggers are 8-bit
/// (`0x80` neutral for sticks, `0x00` released for triggers); `dpad` is the 8-way hat (`8` =
/// centered); `buttons[0..3]` are the packed DualSense button bytes; gyro/accel are raw i16.
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Default)]
pub struct DsState {
pub lx: u8,
pub ly: u8,
pub rx: u8,
pub ry: u8,
pub l2: u8,
pub r2: u8,
pub dpad: u8, // 0..7 direction, 8 = neutral
pub buttons: [u8; 4],
pub gyro: [i16; 3],
pub accel: [i16; 3],
pub touch: [Touch; 2],
/// Per-contact-slot click state from the rich plane (`TouchpadEx.click` — a Steam pad's
/// physical pad-click). The serializers OR any held slot into the touchpad-click button
/// bit: the DualSense has ONE clickable pad, so either Deck pad clicking counts. Lives
/// outside `buttons` because `from_gamepad` rebuilds those from every button frame —
/// managers must persist this across rebuilds like `touch`/`gyro`/`accel`.
pub touch_click: [bool; 2],
}
impl DsState {
/// A centered, nothing-pressed state (sticks 0x80, dpad neutral).
pub fn neutral() -> DsState {
DsState {
lx: 0x80,
ly: 0x80,
rx: 0x80,
ry: 0x80,
dpad: 8,
..Default::default()
}
}
/// Map a GameStream/XInput pad frame (button bitmask + i16 sticks + u8 triggers) into the
/// DualSense report fields. Sticks are recentred to `0x80`; the Y axes are inverted (XInput
/// `+y = up`, DualSense `0 = up`). Triggers double as the L2/R2 buttons when pressed. Touchpad
/// + motion are filled separately from rich-input events.
pub fn from_gamepad(
buttons: u32,
lx: i16,
ly: i16,
rx: i16,
ry: i16,
lt: u8,
rt: u8,
) -> DsState {
use punktfunk_core::input::gamepad as gs;
let to_u8 = |v: i16| (((v as i32) + 32768) >> 8) as u8;
let on = |bit: u32| buttons & bit != 0;
let mut s = DsState {
lx: to_u8(lx),
ly: 255 - to_u8(ly),
rx: to_u8(rx),
ry: 255 - to_u8(ry),
l2: lt,
r2: rt,
..DsState::neutral()
};
s.set_dpad(
on(gs::BTN_DPAD_UP),
on(gs::BTN_DPAD_DOWN),
on(gs::BTN_DPAD_LEFT),
on(gs::BTN_DPAD_RIGHT),
);
let mut b0 = 0;
if on(gs::BTN_A) {
b0 |= btn0::CROSS;
}
if on(gs::BTN_B) {
b0 |= btn0::CIRCLE;
}
if on(gs::BTN_X) {
b0 |= btn0::SQUARE;
}
if on(gs::BTN_Y) {
b0 |= btn0::TRIANGLE;
}
s.buttons[0] = b0; // face buttons (high nibble); dpad merged in write_state
let mut b1 = 0;
if on(gs::BTN_LB) {
b1 |= btn1::L1;
}
if on(gs::BTN_RB) {
b1 |= btn1::R1;
}
if lt > 0 {
b1 |= btn1::L2;
}
if rt > 0 {
b1 |= btn1::R2;
}
if on(gs::BTN_BACK) {
b1 |= btn1::CREATE;
}
if on(gs::BTN_START) {
b1 |= btn1::OPTIONS;
}
if on(gs::BTN_LS_CLICK) {
b1 |= btn1::L3;
}
if on(gs::BTN_RS_CLICK) {
b1 |= btn1::R3;
}
s.buttons[1] = b1;
if on(gs::BTN_GUIDE) {
s.buttons[2] |= btn2::PS;
}
if on(gs::BTN_TOUCHPAD) {
s.buttons[2] |= btn2::TOUCHPAD;
}
// The mic-mute / capture button (Deck '…' QAM on the Steam path). Clients send it as
// BTN_MISC1; without this the DualSense mute button was inert on every PlayStation-family
// virtual pad. Rebuilt from the wire bit each frame like PS/TOUCHPAD, so no persistence gap.
if on(gs::BTN_MISC1) {
s.buttons[2] |= btn2::MUTE;
}
s
}
/// Set the dpad hat from the four GameStream dpad booleans (up/down/left/right).
pub fn set_dpad(&mut self, up: bool, down: bool, left: bool, right: bool) {
// DualSense hat: 0=N,1=NE,2=E,3=SE,4=S,5=SW,6=W,7=NW,8=neutral.
self.dpad = match (up, right, down, left) {
(true, false, false, false) => 0,
(true, true, false, false) => 1,
(false, true, false, false) => 2,
(false, true, true, false) => 3,
(false, false, true, false) => 4,
(false, false, true, true) => 5,
(false, false, false, true) => 6,
(true, false, false, true) => 7,
_ => 8,
};
}
/// Apply one rich client→host event (touchpad contact / motion sample) into this state —
/// the ONE mapping shared by every DualSense-family backend (Linux UHID, Windows UMDF,
/// DS4 both ways; `touch_w`/`touch_h` are the pad's advertised extents, 1920×1080 vs
/// 1920×942).
///
/// Wire touch coordinates are screen convention (+x right, +y down) — same as the
/// DualSense pad's own (top-left origin), so no flip here.
///
/// A Steam Deck / Steam Controller client sends TWO pads as `TouchpadEx` surfaces; the
/// DualSense has one pad with two contact slots, so the surfaces SPLIT it — left pad →
/// contact 0 on the left half, right pad → contact 1 on the right half. That mirrors the
/// physical thumb layout and lands exactly on the split-pad zones games and Steam Input
/// already use for the DS4/DualSense touchpad. Pad clicks ride `touch_click` (the
/// serializer ORs them into the touchpad-click button — one clickable pad, either
/// surface counts); dropping them was the "Deck pad click does nothing on a DualSense
/// host" gap.
pub fn apply_rich(&mut self, rich: RichInput, touch_w: u16, touch_h: u16) {
// Normalized position → pad extents. The kernel/driver advertises 0..=W-1 / 0..=H-1.
let scale = |n: u32, extent: u16| ((n * (extent - 1) as u32) / u16::MAX as u32) as u16;
match rich {
RichInput::Touchpad {
finger,
active,
x,
y,
..
} => {
// The DualSense touchpad carries two contacts; clamp to a valid slot and keep
// the reported contact id consistent with it (the wire `finger` is untrusted).
let slot = (finger as usize).min(1);
self.touch[slot] = Touch {
active,
id: slot as u8,
x: scale(x as u32, touch_w),
y: scale(y as u32, touch_h),
};
}
RichInput::Motion { gyro, accel, .. } => {
// The wire is already DualSense-convention units (20 LSB/°·s, 10000 LSB/g).
self.gyro = gyro;
self.accel = accel;
}
RichInput::TouchpadEx {
surface,
finger,
touch,
click,
x,
y,
..
} => {
let n = |v: i16| ((v as i32) + 32768) as u32; // signed centre-0 → 0..=65535
let half = touch_w / 2;
let (slot, tx) = match surface {
// The single / DualSense pad: full extent, slot by finger.
0 => ((finger as usize).min(1), scale(n(x), touch_w)),
// Steam LEFT pad → contact 0 on the left half.
1 => (0, scale(n(x), half)),
// Steam RIGHT pad (or anything newer) → contact 1 on the right half.
_ => (1, half + scale(n(x), half)),
};
self.touch[slot] = Touch {
active: touch,
id: slot as u8,
x: tx,
y: scale(n(y), touch_h),
};
self.touch_click[slot] = click;
}
// Raw as-is passthrough reports belong to the Triton backend, never a DS state.
RichInput::HidReport { .. } => {}
}
}
/// `buttons[2]` as serialized: the live button frame plus the touchpad-click bit when a
/// rich-plane pad click is held (see [`DsState::touch_click`]).
pub fn buttons2_with_click(&self) -> u8 {
let mut b = self.buttons[2];
if self.touch_click.iter().any(|c| *c) {
b |= btn2::TOUCHPAD;
}
b
}
}
/// Serialize a full input report `0x01` (pure — unit-testable without a transport). Field
/// offsets per the kernel's `struct dualsense_input_report`, this report's one consumer:
/// x..rz 0-5, seq 6, buttons[4] 7-10, reserved[4] 11-14, gyro[3] 15-20, accel[3] 21-26,
/// sensor_timestamp 27-30, reserved2 31, points[2] 32-39 (static_assert(sizeof == 63)).
/// The report id occupies r[0], so struct offset N = r[N + 1].
pub fn serialize_state(r: &mut [u8; DS_INPUT_REPORT_LEN], st: &DsState, seq: u8, ts: u32) {
r[0] = 0x01; // report id; the struct fields follow (struct offset 0 == r[1])
r[1] = st.lx;
r[2] = st.ly;
r[3] = st.rx;
r[4] = st.ry;
r[5] = st.l2;
r[6] = st.r2;
r[7] = seq; // seq_number (struct off 6)
r[8] = (st.dpad & 0x0F) | (st.buttons[0] & 0xF0); // off 7: dpad + face buttons
r[9] = st.buttons[1]; // off 8
r[10] = st.buttons2_with_click(); // off 9 (PS/touchpad-click/mute; rich pad clicks OR in)
r[11] = st.buttons[3]; // off 10
for (i, v) in st.gyro.iter().enumerate() {
r[16 + i * 2..18 + i * 2].copy_from_slice(&v.to_le_bytes()); // gyro at struct off 15
}
for (i, v) in st.accel.iter().enumerate() {
r[22 + i * 2..24 + i * 2].copy_from_slice(&v.to_le_bytes()); // accel at struct off 21
}
r[28..32].copy_from_slice(&ts.to_le_bytes()); // sensor_timestamp (struct off 27)
pack_touch(&mut r[33..37], &st.touch[0]); // touch point 1 (struct off 32)
pack_touch(&mut r[37..41], &st.touch[1]); // touch point 2
// status byte (struct off 52 → r[53]) — hid-playstation reads battery here: low nibble =
// capacity (×10+5 %), high nibble = charging state (0 = discharging). A virtual pad has no
// real cell, so report "discharging, full" (0x0A → 100 %); leaving it 0 makes SteamOS / the
// kernel see ~5 % and warn "low battery". (We don't forward the client pad's real charge yet.)
r[53] = 0x0A;
}
fn pack_touch(dst: &mut [u8], t: &Touch) {
// byte0: bit7 = NOT active (1 = no contact), bits0-6 = contact id.
dst[0] = (t.id & 0x7F) | if t.active { 0 } else { 0x80 };
// The kernel advertises ABS_MT ranges 0..=W-1 / 0..=H-1 — never emit the size itself.
let (x, y) = (t.x.min(DS_TOUCH_W - 1), t.y.min(DS_TOUCH_H - 1));
dst[1] = (x & 0xFF) as u8;
dst[2] = (((x >> 8) & 0x0F) as u8) | (((y & 0x0F) as u8) << 4);
dst[3] = ((y >> 4) & 0xFF) as u8;
}
/// What one service pass extracted from the device's HID output reports.
/// Rich feedback (lightbar / player LEDs / adaptive triggers) rides the HID-output plane (0xCD);
/// motor rumble rides the universal rumble plane (0xCA) so non-DualSense clients still feel it.
#[derive(Default)]
pub struct DsFeedback {
pub hidout: Vec<HidOutput>,
/// `(low, high)` motor levels (0..=0xFFFF), if a report carried them.
pub rumble: Option<(u16, u16)>,
/// Whether a fresh output report was seen this poll (set by the backend's section poll, not by
/// the parser) — the game-activity signal the [`UhidManager`](crate::uhid_manager)
/// abandoned-rumble force-off keys on.
pub fresh: bool,
}
/// Parse a DualSense USB output report (`0x02`) into a [`DsFeedback`]. The byte layout below is
/// the USB DualSense common report; only the well-understood fields (motor rumble, lightbar RGB,
/// player LEDs) are surfaced — adaptive-trigger blocks are forwarded raw for the client.
///
/// Every field is gated on the report's valid-flags (`valid_flag0` at data[1], `valid_flag1`
/// at data[2]) — writers only set the bits for fields they mean to change (the rest is zeroed),
/// so an ungated parse would turn every plain rumble write into a lightbar-off + triggers-off
/// broadcast.
pub fn parse_ds_output(pad: u8, data: &[u8], fb: &mut DsFeedback) {
// data[0] is the report id (0x02). Be defensive about short reports.
if data.first() != Some(&0x02) || data.len() < 48 {
return;
}
let flag0 = data[1]; // BIT0 compat vibration, BIT1 haptics select, BIT2 R2, BIT3 L2
let flag1 = data[2]; // BIT2 lightbar, BIT4 player indicators
// Motor rumble: high-frequency (small/right) motor at data[3], low-frequency (big/left) at
// data[4]. Scale 0..255 → 0..0xFFFF, same (low, high) convention as the uinput pad's mixer,
// and route to the universal rumble plane (0xCA).
// Writers on firmware ≥ 2.24 signal rumble via COMPATIBLE_VIBRATION2 in valid_flag2
// (data[39] BIT2) instead of flag0 BIT0. Our feature report advertises 0x0154 so the
// kernel and SDL stay on the flag0 convention, but a writer that hardcodes v2 would
// otherwise have its rumble — including stops — silently ignored, and a missed stop
// buzzes for the rest of the session (the 500 ms refresh re-sends stale state forever).
if flag0 & 0x03 != 0 || data[39] & 0x04 != 0 {
let high = (data[3] as u16) << 8;
let low = (data[4] as u16) << 8;
fb.rumble = Some((low, high));
}
// Lightbar RGB (USB common report: bytes 45..48). Player LEDs at byte 44.
if flag1 & 0x04 != 0 {
let (r, g, b) = (data[45], data[46], data[47]);
fb.hidout.push(HidOutput::Led { pad, r, g, b });
}
if flag1 & 0x10 != 0 {
fb.hidout.push(HidOutput::PlayerLeds {
pad,
bits: data[44] & 0x1F,
});
}
// Adaptive-trigger parameter blocks, 11 bytes each: the RIGHT trigger comes FIRST in the
// report (bytes 11..22), the left at 22..33 — per SDL's DS5EffectsState_t / inputtino's
// ps5.hpp. Wire convention: which 0 = L2, 1 = R2.
if data.len() >= 33 {
if flag0 & 0x04 != 0 {
fb.hidout.push(HidOutput::Trigger {
pad,
which: 1,
effect: data[11..22].to_vec(),
});
}
if flag0 & 0x08 != 0 {
fb.hidout.push(HidOutput::Trigger {
pad,
which: 0,
effect: data[22..33].to_vec(),
});
}
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
/// The Steam dual-pad → DualSense touchpad SPLIT: left pad (surface 1) lands contact 0
/// on the left half, right pad (surface 2) contact 1 on the right half; y follows the
/// shared screen convention (top → 0) with no flip; pad clicks set the touchpad-click
/// button bit in the serialized report.
#[test]
fn steam_surfaces_split_the_touchpad() {
let mut s = DsState::neutral();
// Left pad, centre → middle of the LEFT half.
s.apply_rich(
RichInput::TouchpadEx {
pad: 0,
surface: 1,
finger: 0,
touch: true,
click: false,
x: 0,
y: 0,
pressure: 0,
},
DS_TOUCH_W,
DS_TOUCH_H,
);
assert!(s.touch[0].active);
assert_eq!(s.touch[0].id, 0);
assert_eq!(s.touch[0].x, (DS_TOUCH_W / 2 - 1) / 2); // centre of 0..=959
assert_eq!(s.touch[0].y, (DS_TOUCH_H - 1) / 2);
// Right pad, top-right corner → right edge of the RIGHT half, y = 0 (screen top).
s.apply_rich(
RichInput::TouchpadEx {
pad: 0,
surface: 2,
finger: 0,
touch: true,
click: true,
x: i16::MAX,
y: i16::MIN,
pressure: 0,
},
DS_TOUCH_W,
DS_TOUCH_H,
);
assert!(s.touch[1].active);
assert_eq!(s.touch[1].id, 1);
assert_eq!(s.touch[1].x, DS_TOUCH_W - 1);
assert_eq!(s.touch[1].y, 0);
// The right pad's click reaches the (single) touchpad-click button bit.
assert!(s.touch_click[1]);
assert_eq!(s.buttons2_with_click() & btn2::TOUCHPAD, btn2::TOUCHPAD);
let mut r = [0u8; DS_INPUT_REPORT_LEN];
serialize_state(&mut r, &s, 0, 0);
assert_eq!(r[10] & btn2::TOUCHPAD, btn2::TOUCHPAD);
// Releasing the click clears the bit again.
s.apply_rich(
RichInput::TouchpadEx {
pad: 0,
surface: 2,
finger: 0,
touch: true,
click: false,
x: 0,
y: 0,
pressure: 0,
},
DS_TOUCH_W,
DS_TOUCH_H,
);
assert_eq!(s.buttons2_with_click() & btn2::TOUCHPAD, 0);
}
/// The single-surface forms keep their full-pad mapping: unsigned `Touchpad` and
/// `TouchpadEx` surface 0 both span the whole touchpad, slot picked by finger.
#[test]
fn single_surface_spans_full_pad() {
let mut s = DsState::neutral();
s.apply_rich(
RichInput::Touchpad {
pad: 0,
finger: 0,
active: true,
x: 65535,
y: 65535,
},
DS_TOUCH_W,
DS_TOUCH_H,
);
assert_eq!(
(s.touch[0].x, s.touch[0].y),
(DS_TOUCH_W - 1, DS_TOUCH_H - 1)
);
s.apply_rich(
RichInput::TouchpadEx {
pad: 0,
surface: 0,
finger: 1,
touch: true,
click: false,
x: i16::MAX,
y: i16::MAX,
pressure: 0,
},
DS_TOUCH_W,
DS_TOUCH_H,
);
assert_eq!(
(s.touch[1].x, s.touch[1].y),
(DS_TOUCH_W - 1, DS_TOUCH_H - 1)
);
// Motion is unit-passthrough (wire is already DualSense convention).
s.apply_rich(
RichInput::Motion {
pad: 0,
gyro: [100, -200, 300],
accel: [-1000, 2000, -3000],
},
DS_TOUCH_W,
DS_TOUCH_H,
);
assert_eq!(s.gyro, [100, -200, 300]);
assert_eq!(s.accel, [-1000, 2000, -3000]);
}
/// A DualSense USB output report (`0x02`) with all valid-flags set parses into motor
/// rumble (0xCA), lightbar, player LEDs, and both adaptive-trigger blocks (0xCD) — with
/// the report's right-trigger-first layout mapped onto the wire's `which` (0 = L2).
#[test]
fn parse_output_report() {
let mut data = vec![0u8; 48];
data[0] = 0x02; // report id
data[1] = 0x0F; // valid_flag0: vibration + haptics + R2 + L2 triggers
data[2] = 0x14; // valid_flag1: lightbar + player indicators
data[3] = 0x80; // right (high-freq) motor
data[4] = 0x40; // left (low-freq) motor
data[11] = 0x21; // right-trigger block mode byte (report bytes 11..22)
data[22] = 0x26; // left-trigger block mode byte (report bytes 22..33)
data[44] = 0x03; // player LEDs (low 5 bits)
data[45] = 10; // R
data[46] = 20; // G
data[47] = 30; // B
let mut fb = DsFeedback::default();
parse_ds_output(0, &data, &mut fb);
// (low, high) = (left<<8, right<<8).
assert_eq!(fb.rumble, Some((0x4000, 0x8000)));
assert!(fb.hidout.contains(&HidOutput::Led {
pad: 0,
r: 10,
g: 20,
b: 30
}));
assert!(fb
.hidout
.contains(&HidOutput::PlayerLeds { pad: 0, bits: 3 }));
// The report's FIRST block (bytes 11..22) is the RIGHT trigger → wire which = 1.
let triggers: Vec<_> = fb
.hidout
.iter()
.filter_map(|h| match h {
HidOutput::Trigger { which, effect, .. } => Some((*which, effect[0])),
_ => None,
})
.collect();
assert_eq!(triggers, vec![(1, 0x21), (0, 0x26)]);
}
/// Writers set only the valid-flag bits for the fields they mean to change (the rest of the
/// report is zeroed) — a plain rumble write must NOT blank the lightbar / player LEDs /
/// triggers, and an LED-only write must not stop the motors.
#[test]
fn parse_output_respects_valid_flags() {
// Rumble write: only the vibration flags set, everything else zero.
let mut data = vec![0u8; 48];
data[0] = 0x02;
data[1] = 0x03; // compatible vibration + haptics select
data[3] = 0xFF;
data[4] = 0xFF;
let mut fb = DsFeedback::default();
parse_ds_output(0, &data, &mut fb);
assert_eq!(fb.rumble, Some((0xFF00, 0xFF00)));
assert!(fb.hidout.is_empty(), "rumble write must not emit hidout");
// Lightbar-only write: no rumble surfaced (would otherwise spam rumble-stops).
let mut data = vec![0u8; 48];
data[0] = 0x02;
data[2] = 0x04; // lightbar control enable
data[45] = 1;
let mut fb = DsFeedback::default();
parse_ds_output(0, &data, &mut fb);
assert!(fb.rumble.is_none());
assert_eq!(fb.hidout.len(), 1);
assert!(matches!(fb.hidout[0], HidOutput::Led { r: 1, .. }));
}
/// The input report's sensor/touch bytes must land exactly where the kernel's
/// `struct dualsense_input_report` reads them (gyro at struct offset 15, accel 21,
/// timestamp 27, touch points 32 — report byte = struct offset + 1). A one-byte slip
/// here turns client motion into noise and conjures phantom touch contacts.
#[test]
fn input_report_layout_matches_hid_playstation() {
let mut st = DsState::neutral();
st.gyro = [0x1122, 0x3344, 0x5566];
st.accel = [0x778, 0x99A, 0xBBC];
st.touch[0] = Touch {
active: true,
id: 5,
x: 0x123,
y: 0x356,
};
// touch[1] stays inactive — its NOT-active bit must be set.
let mut r = [0u8; DS_INPUT_REPORT_LEN];
serialize_state(&mut r, &st, 7, 0xAABBCCDD);
assert_eq!(r[0], 0x01);
assert_eq!(r[7], 7); // seq_number (struct off 6)
assert_eq!(&r[16..22], &[0x22, 0x11, 0x44, 0x33, 0x66, 0x55]); // gyro LE
assert_eq!(&r[22..28], &[0x78, 0x07, 0x9A, 0x09, 0xBC, 0x0B]); // accel LE
assert_eq!(&r[28..32], &[0xDD, 0xCC, 0xBB, 0xAA]); // sensor_timestamp LE
// Touch point 1 at struct off 32 = r[33..37]: contact byte (active → bit7 clear),
// then 12-bit x / 12-bit y packed.
assert_eq!(r[33], 5);
assert_eq!(r[34], 0x23);
assert_eq!(r[35], 0x61); // x_hi nibble 0x1 | (y & 0xF) << 4 (y=0x356 → 0x6 << 4)
assert_eq!(r[36], 0x35); // y >> 4
assert_eq!(r[37] & 0x80, 0x80); // touch point 2 inactive
// status byte (struct off 52): discharging (high nibble 0) + full capacity (low nibble
// 0xA → 100 %), so SteamOS/hid-playstation never reports a false "low battery".
assert_eq!(r[53], 0x0A);
}
/// The wire touchpad-click / guide / mute bits (Moonlight's extended positions) land in
/// `buttons[2]`.
#[test]
fn from_gamepad_maps_touchpad_click() {
use punktfunk_core::input::gamepad as gs;
let s = DsState::from_gamepad(gs::BTN_TOUCHPAD | gs::BTN_GUIDE, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
assert_eq!(s.buttons[2], btn2::PS | btn2::TOUCHPAD);
// BTN_MISC1 → the mic-mute / capture button (G6: was previously dropped entirely).
let s = DsState::from_gamepad(gs::BTN_MISC1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
assert_eq!(s.buttons[2], btn2::MUTE);
let s = DsState::from_gamepad(gs::BTN_A, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
assert_eq!(s.buttons[2], 0);
}
/// The Edge paddle map, pinned against hid-playstation's `DS_EDGE_BUTTONS_*` masks (bits
/// 47 of `buttons[2]`) and SDL's `SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_PS5_*` (same byte off hidraw):
/// PADDLE1/2 (R4/L4) → right/left BACK, PADDLE3/4 (R5/L5) → right/left Fn — and the mapped
/// bits land in the serialized report's byte 10 next to the ordinary buttons[2] bits.
#[test]
fn edge_paddles_map_to_native_bits() {
use punktfunk_core::input::gamepad as gs;
assert_eq!(edge_paddle_bits(0), 0);
assert_eq!(edge_paddle_bits(gs::BTN_PADDLE1), btn2::EDGE_BACK_RIGHT);
assert_eq!(edge_paddle_bits(gs::BTN_PADDLE2), btn2::EDGE_BACK_LEFT);
assert_eq!(edge_paddle_bits(gs::BTN_PADDLE3), btn2::EDGE_FN_RIGHT);
assert_eq!(edge_paddle_bits(gs::BTN_PADDLE4), btn2::EDGE_FN_LEFT);
// Exact kernel/SDL bit values (a one-bit slip ships dead paddles).
assert_eq!(btn2::EDGE_FN_LEFT, 0x10);
assert_eq!(btn2::EDGE_FN_RIGHT, 0x20);
assert_eq!(btn2::EDGE_BACK_LEFT, 0x40);
assert_eq!(btn2::EDGE_BACK_RIGHT, 0x80);
// All four + a non-paddle bit: paddles map, the rest is ignored here.
let all = gs::BTN_PADDLE1 | gs::BTN_PADDLE2 | gs::BTN_PADDLE3 | gs::BTN_PADDLE4 | gs::BTN_A;
assert_eq!(edge_paddle_bits(all), 0xF0);
// Serialized: the Edge merge ORs into buttons[2]; byte 10 carries both the paddles and
// the ordinary bits (e.g. a simultaneous PS press).
let mut s = DsState::from_gamepad(gs::BTN_GUIDE, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
s.buttons[2] |= edge_paddle_bits(gs::BTN_PADDLE2 | gs::BTN_PADDLE3);
let mut r = [0u8; DS_INPUT_REPORT_LEN];
serialize_state(&mut r, &s, 0, 0);
assert_eq!(r[10], btn2::PS | btn2::EDGE_BACK_LEFT | btn2::EDGE_FN_RIGHT);
}
/// The Edge descriptor is the real-device capture: exact length, the three deltas vs the
/// plain DS5 descriptor (output 0x02 count 63, feature 0xF2 count 52, the appended profile
/// feature reports), and an unchanged input-report prefix (report 0x01 is bit-identical —
/// the serializer needs no Edge variant).
#[test]
fn edge_descriptor_shape() {
assert_eq!(DUALSENSE_RDESC.len(), 273);
assert_eq!(DUALSENSE_EDGE_RDESC.len(), 389);
// Identical through the input-report + output-report-id prefix; the first delta is the
// output report 0x02's Report Count at offset 109 (47 → 63 bytes of payload).
assert_eq!(DUALSENSE_EDGE_RDESC[..109], DUALSENSE_RDESC[..109]);
assert_eq!(DUALSENSE_RDESC[109], 0x2F);
assert_eq!(DUALSENSE_EDGE_RDESC[109], 0x3F);
assert_eq!(*DUALSENSE_EDGE_RDESC.last().unwrap(), 0xC0);
}
/// A short / wrong-id report yields nothing.
#[test]
fn parse_output_rejects_garbage() {
let mut fb = DsFeedback::default();
parse_ds_output(0, &[0x01, 0, 0], &mut fb); // wrong report id, too short
assert!(fb.rumble.is_none());
assert!(fb.hidout.is_empty());
}
/// The pairing reply keeps the report id and differs across pads ONLY in the MAC low octet —
/// distinct serials so SDL/Steam never dedup two virtual pads into one controller.
#[test]
fn pairing_reply_mac_is_per_pad() {
assert_eq!(ds_pairing_reply(0).as_slice(), DS_FEATURE_PAIRING);
let (a, b) = (ds_pairing_reply(1), ds_pairing_reply(2));
assert_eq!(a[0], 0x09); // report id untouched
assert_eq!(a[1], DS_FEATURE_PAIRING[1].wrapping_add(1));
assert_eq!(b[1], DS_FEATURE_PAIRING[1].wrapping_add(2));
assert_eq!(a[2..], b[2..]); // everything but the low octet identical
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
//! Transport-independent DualShock 4 HID contract — the pure report codec shared by the Windows
//! UMDF-driver backend ([`super::dualshock4_windows`]) and the Linux UHID backend
//! ([`super::dualshock4`]).
//!
//! The PS4 sibling of [`super::dualsense_proto`]: the pure report codec with no transport. The DS4
//! reuses the DualSense [`DsState`] controller model + its `GameStream`/XInput mapper
//! ([`DsState::from_gamepad`]) — only the report *byte layout*, the touchpad resolution, and the
//! feedback report differ. The Linux backend writes report `0x01` to `/dev/uhid` and reads `0x05` via
//! `UHID_OUTPUT`; the Windows backend pushes `0x01` to the UMDF driver and pulls `0x05` back over its
//! shared-memory channel — both build/parse the exact same bytes here.
//!
//! Field offsets are the canonical real-DS4-USB layout the kernel `struct
//! dualshock4_input_report_usb` / `_output_report_common` parse.
use super::dualsense_proto::{DsState, Touch};
/// DualShock 4 v2 USB identity (Sony Interactive Entertainment / CUH-ZCT2).
pub const DS4_VENDOR: u16 = 0x054C;
pub const DS4_PRODUCT: u16 = 0x09CC;
/// USB input report `0x01` is 64 bytes total (report id + 63-byte body).
pub const DS4_INPUT_REPORT_LEN: usize = 64;
/// The DualShock 4 touchpad resolution the kernel advertises (ABS_MT 0..1919 / 0..941). Narrower
/// than the DualSense's 1920×1080.
pub const DS4_TOUCH_W: u16 = 1920;
pub const DS4_TOUCH_H: u16 = 942;
/// Pack one touchpad contact into the DS4's 4-byte point (same bit layout as the DualSense's:
/// byte0 bit7 = NOT-active, bits0-6 = id; 12-bit X then 12-bit Y).
fn pack_touch(dst: &mut [u8], t: &Touch) {
dst[0] = (t.id & 0x7F) | if t.active { 0 } else { 0x80 };
// Never emit the extent itself — the kernel advertises 0..=W-1 / 0..=H-1.
let (x, y) = (t.x.min(DS4_TOUCH_W - 1), t.y.min(DS4_TOUCH_H - 1));
dst[1] = (x & 0xFF) as u8;
dst[2] = (((x >> 8) & 0x0F) as u8) | (((y & 0x0F) as u8) << 4);
dst[3] = ((y >> 4) & 0xFF) as u8;
}
/// Serialize a full DS4 input report `0x01` (pure — unit-testable without a transport). Field offsets
/// per the kernel's `struct dualshock4_input_report_usb` { report_id; common; num_touch; touch[3];
/// rsvd[3] } where `common` = { x,y,rx,ry; buttons[3]; z,rz; sensor_ts le16; temp; gyro[3] le16;
/// accel[3] le16; rsvd[5]; status[2]; rsvd }. The report id is byte 0, so a `common` field at struct
/// offset N sits at report byte N+1.
pub fn serialize_state(r: &mut [u8; DS4_INPUT_REPORT_LEN], st: &DsState, counter: u8, ts: u16) {
r[0] = 0x01; // report id
r[1] = st.lx;
r[2] = st.ly;
r[3] = st.rx;
r[4] = st.ry;
r[5] = (st.dpad & 0x0F) | (st.buttons[0] & 0xF0); // dpad hat (low) + face buttons (high)
r[6] = st.buttons[1]; // L1/R1, L2/R2 digital, Share/Options, L3/R3
r[7] = (st.buttons2_with_click() & 0x03) | ((counter & 0x3F) << 2); // PS + touchpad-click (incl. rich pad clicks) + report counter
r[8] = st.l2; // L2 analog (z)
r[9] = st.r2; // R2 analog (rz)
r[10..12].copy_from_slice(&ts.to_le_bytes()); // sensor_timestamp (struct off 9)
// r[12] temperature stays 0
for (i, v) in st.gyro.iter().enumerate() {
r[13 + i * 2..15 + i * 2].copy_from_slice(&v.to_le_bytes()); // gyro at struct off 12
}
for (i, v) in st.accel.iter().enumerate() {
r[19 + i * 2..21 + i * 2].copy_from_slice(&v.to_le_bytes()); // accel at struct off 18
}
// r[25..30] reserved2.
// status[0] (struct off 29 → r[30]): bit4 = cable/wired, low nibble = battery capacity. Report
// wired + full (0x1B) so SteamOS / the kernel never warn "low battery" on a virtual pad.
r[30] = 0x10 | 0x0B;
// r[31] status[1] = 0 (no headphone/mic), r[32] reserved3 = 0.
r[33] = 1; // num_touch_reports: one frame carrying the two contacts (a real DS4 always sends one)
r[34] = ts as u8; // touch_reports[0].timestamp
pack_touch(&mut r[35..39], &st.touch[0]); // touch point 0
pack_touch(&mut r[39..43], &st.touch[1]); // touch point 1
// remaining touch frames (r[43..61]) + reserved (r[61..64]) stay zero
}
/// What one feedback pass extracted from the device's HID output reports. Rumble rides the universal
/// 0xCA plane; the lightbar rides the HID-output 0xCD plane as a `Led` event (DS4 has no player LEDs
/// or adaptive triggers, so those never appear).
#[derive(Default)]
pub struct Ds4Feedback {
/// `(low, high)` motor levels (0..=0xFF00), if a report carried them.
pub rumble: Option<(u16, u16)>,
/// Lightbar RGB, if the report carried it (deduped by the manager).
pub led: Option<(u8, u8, u8)>,
/// Whether a fresh output report was seen this poll (set by the backend's section poll, not by
/// the parser) — the game-activity signal the [`UhidManager`](crate::uhid_manager)
/// abandoned-rumble force-off keys on.
pub fresh: bool,
}
/// Parse a DualShock 4 USB output report (`0x05`) into a [`Ds4Feedback`]. Layout per the kernel
/// `struct dualshock4_output_report_common`: valid_flag0 (bit0 motor, bit1 LED, bit2 blink) at [1],
/// valid_flag1 [2], reserved [3], motor_right (weak/small) [4], motor_left (strong/large) [5],
/// lightbar R/G/B [6..9], blink on/off [9..11]. Gated on the valid-flags so a rumble-only write
/// doesn't masquerade as a lightbar change.
pub fn parse_ds4_output(data: &[u8], fb: &mut Ds4Feedback) {
if data.first() != Some(&0x05) || data.len() < 11 {
return; // not the USB output report (BT 0x11 is shifted) / too short
}
let flag0 = data[1];
if flag0 & 0x01 != 0 {
// motor_left (strong/large/low-freq) at [5], motor_right (weak/small/high-freq) at [4];
// scale 0..255 → 0..0xFF00, same (low, high) convention as the other backends.
let low = (data[5] as u16) << 8;
let high = (data[4] as u16) << 8;
fb.rumble = Some((low, high));
}
if flag0 & 0x02 != 0 {
fb.led = Some((data[6], data[7], data[8]));
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
/// Report 0x01 places sticks/buttons/triggers/motion/touch at the kernel's DS4 offsets.
#[test]
fn serialize_offsets() {
use punktfunk_core::input::gamepad as gs;
let mut st = DsState::from_gamepad(
gs::BTN_A | gs::BTN_DPAD_UP | gs::BTN_LB,
16384, // lx (right)
0,
0,
-32768, // ry (down) — inverted to 0xFF
200, // L2
0,
);
st.gyro = [0x0102, 0x0304, 0x0506];
st.accel = [0x1112, 0x1314, 0x1516];
st.touch[0] = Touch {
active: true,
id: 0,
x: 100,
y: 200,
};
let mut r = [0u8; DS4_INPUT_REPORT_LEN];
serialize_state(&mut r, &st, 0, 0);
assert_eq!(r[0], 0x01); // report id
assert_eq!(r[8], 200); // L2 analog at byte 8 (not the DualSense's byte 5)
assert_eq!(r[5] & 0x0F, 0); // dpad hat = N (up)
assert_eq!(r[5] & 0x20, 0x20); // Cross (A) face bit
assert_eq!(r[6] & 0x01, 0x01); // L1
// gyro le16 at 13..19, accel le16 at 19..25.
assert_eq!(&r[13..19], &[0x02, 0x01, 0x04, 0x03, 0x06, 0x05]);
assert_eq!(&r[19..25], &[0x12, 0x11, 0x14, 0x13, 0x16, 0x15]);
assert_eq!(r[33], 1); // one touch frame
assert_eq!(r[35] & 0x80, 0); // contact 0 active (bit7 clear)
assert_eq!(r[35] & 0x7F, 0); // contact id 0
assert_eq!(r[30] & 0x10, 0x10); // cable/wired bit set
// A rich-plane pad click (`touch_click`, no BTN_TOUCHPAD in the frame) rides the
// touchpad-click bit at byte 7 bit 1 via `buttons2_with_click` — the Linux backend used to
// serialize raw `buttons[2]` here and drop it.
assert_eq!(r[7] & 0x02, 0); // no click yet
st.touch_click[0] = true;
serialize_state(&mut r, &st, 0, 0);
assert_eq!(r[7] & 0x02, 0x02);
}
/// A DS4 USB output report (`0x05`) with motor + LED flags parses into rumble (0xCA) and a
/// lightbar `Led` (0xCD); a rumble-only report (no LED flag) leaves the lightbar untouched.
#[test]
fn parse_output_rumble_and_lightbar() {
let mut report = [0u8; 32];
report[0] = 0x05;
report[1] = 0x01 | 0x02; // MOTOR | LED
report[4] = 0x40; // motor_right (weak/high)
report[5] = 0x80; // motor_left (strong/low)
report[6] = 0x11; // R
report[7] = 0x22; // G
report[8] = 0x33; // B
let mut fb = Ds4Feedback::default();
parse_ds4_output(&report, &mut fb);
assert_eq!(fb.rumble, Some((0x8000, 0x4000))); // (low=strong, high=weak)
assert_eq!(fb.led, Some((0x11, 0x22, 0x33)));
let mut motor_only = [0u8; 32];
motor_only[0] = 0x05;
motor_only[1] = 0x01; // MOTOR only
motor_only[5] = 0x10;
let mut fb2 = Ds4Feedback::default();
parse_ds4_output(&motor_only, &mut fb2);
assert!(fb2.rumble.is_some());
assert_eq!(fb2.led, None); // lightbar not asserted → no spurious change
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,952 @@
//! Transport-independent Steam Controller / Steam Deck HID contract — the Steam analogue of
//! [`super::dualsense_proto`]. The report descriptor, the command/feature IDs, the byte-exact
//! Deck input-report serializer, the `XInput`/rich-input → state mappers, and the rumble-feedback
//! parser. Pure logic, shared by the Linux UHID backend and (later) a Windows UMDF backend.
//!
//! **Layout source of truth:** the kernel `drivers/hid/hid-steam.c` `steam_do_deck_input_event`
//! (+ `steam_do_deck_sensors_event`) — every offset/bit/sign below is transcribed verbatim from
//! it and on-box-validated against kernel 7.0 (see `design/steam-controller-deck-support.md`).
//! M0 proved the device binds + parses; M1 (here) makes the serializer byte-exact.
//!
//! Three load-bearing details the DualSense path does NOT have:
//! * **report id 0 / unnumbered**: input reports are the raw 64 bytes starting `[0x01,0x00,0x09]`
//! (no report-id prefix); FEATURE get/set reports DO carry a leading `0x00` report-id byte
//! (`steam_send_report` does `memcpy(buf+1, cmd, …)`, `steam_recv_report` strips `buf[0]`).
//! * **`gamepad_mode` gate**: `steam_do_deck_input_event` early-returns when
//! `!gamepad_mode && lizard_mode` (the module param, default on). `gamepad_mode` starts false
//! and TOGGLES when [`btn::STEAM_MENU_RIGHT`] (`b9.6`, the mode-switch) is held ~450 ms while
//! no hidraw client is open. The backend enters gamepad mode at session start (pulse that bit,
//! or load `hid_steam lizard_mode=0`) — see the backend, not this module.
//! * **the `UHID_SET_REPORT` handshake** must be answered (DualSense omits it).
#![allow(dead_code)] // Some of the full model is consumed only once the M2 backend + M3 wire land.
use punktfunk_core::input::gamepad as gs;
use punktfunk_core::quic::RichInput;
/// Valve. `hid-steam` matches purely by VID/PID over `BUS_USB`.
pub const STEAM_VENDOR: u32 = 0x28DE;
/// Steam Deck built-in controller (same PID on LCD + OLED).
pub const STEAMDECK_PRODUCT: u32 = 0x1205;
/// Classic Steam Controller, wired (report id 1 / `ID_CONTROLLER_STATE`; a later model).
pub const STEAMCTRL_WIRED_PRODUCT: u32 = 0x1102;
/// The Steam HID state/command report is a fixed 64-byte, **unnumbered** (report-id-0) frame.
pub const STEAM_REPORT_LEN: usize = 64;
// Command IDs (drivers/hid/hid-steam.c), confirmed against the kernel source.
pub const ID_CLEAR_DIGITAL_MAPPINGS: u8 = 0x81;
pub const ID_GET_ATTRIBUTES_VALUES: u8 = 0x83;
pub const ID_SET_SETTINGS_VALUES: u8 = 0x87;
pub const ID_LOAD_DEFAULT_SETTINGS: u8 = 0x8E;
pub const ID_GET_DEVICE_INFO: u8 = 0xA1;
pub const ID_GET_STRING_ATTRIBUTE: u8 = 0xAE;
pub const ATTRIB_STR_UNIT_SERIAL: u8 = 0x01;
/// Host→client feedback: `steam_haptic_rumble` emits report `[0xEB, 9, …]` (FF_RUMBLE → trackpad
/// actuators / Deck motors). The Deck's rumble path; the classic SC also has `0x8F` pad pulses.
pub const ID_TRIGGER_RUMBLE_CMD: u8 = 0xEB;
pub const ID_TRIGGER_HAPTIC_PULSE: u8 = 0x8F;
/// Input report message types: SC = `ID_CONTROLLER_STATE`, Deck = `ID_CONTROLLER_DECK_STATE`.
pub const ID_CONTROLLER_STATE: u8 = 0x01;
pub const ID_CONTROLLER_DECK_STATE: u8 = 0x09;
/// Which Steam device identity to present. M1 implements the Deck fully; the classic Controller
/// (dual trackpads, report id 1, trackpad-only haptics) is a later identity behind the same path.
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum SteamModel {
Deck,
Controller,
}
impl SteamModel {
pub fn product(self) -> u32 {
match self {
SteamModel::Deck => STEAMDECK_PRODUCT,
SteamModel::Controller => STEAMCTRL_WIRED_PRODUCT,
}
}
}
/// Minimal vendor-defined HID report descriptor: one application collection with a 64-byte input
/// report and a 64-byte feature report, both UNNUMBERED (report id 0). `hid-steam` is a raw-event
/// driver, so the field layout is cosmetic — but `steam_probe` requires `hid_parse` to succeed AND
/// a non-empty FEATURE report list (`steam_is_valve_interface`), so the feature item is mandatory.
#[rustfmt::skip]
pub const STEAMDECK_RDESC: &[u8] = &[
0x06, 0x00, 0xFF, // Usage Page (Vendor-Defined 0xFF00)
0x09, 0x01, // Usage (0x01)
0xA1, 0x01, // Collection (Application)
0x15, 0x00, // Logical Minimum (0)
0x26, 0xFF, 0x00, // Logical Maximum (255)
0x75, 0x08, // Report Size (8 bits)
0x95, 0x40, // Report Count (64)
0x09, 0x01, // Usage (0x01)
0x81, 0x02, // Input (Data,Var,Abs) — the 64-byte state report
0x09, 0x01, // Usage (0x01)
0x95, 0x40, // Report Count (64)
0xB1, 0x02, // Feature (Data,Var,Abs) — makes steam_is_valve_interface() true
0xC0, // End Collection
];
/// Deck button bits, indexed in the `u64` packed across report bytes 8..16 — bit `(byte-8)*8 + bit`,
/// transcribed verbatim from `steam_do_deck_input_event` (bytes 12 + 15 carry no buttons). Naming
/// follows the physical Deck control; the trailing comment is the kernel `BTN_*` it maps to.
pub mod btn {
// byte 8
pub const RT_FULL: u64 = 1 << 0; // BTN_TR2 — right trigger fully pressed
pub const LT_FULL: u64 = 1 << 1; // BTN_TL2 — left trigger fully pressed
pub const RB: u64 = 1 << 2; // BTN_TR — right shoulder
pub const LB: u64 = 1 << 3; // BTN_TL — left shoulder
pub const Y: u64 = 1 << 4;
pub const B: u64 = 1 << 5;
pub const X: u64 = 1 << 6;
pub const A: u64 = 1 << 7;
// byte 9
pub const DPAD_UP: u64 = 1 << 8;
pub const DPAD_RIGHT: u64 = 1 << 9;
pub const DPAD_LEFT: u64 = 1 << 10;
pub const DPAD_DOWN: u64 = 1 << 11;
pub const VIEW: u64 = 1 << 12; // BTN_SELECT — "menu left" (View / Back)
pub const STEAM: u64 = 1 << 13; // BTN_MODE — Steam logo button
pub const MENU: u64 = 1 << 14; // BTN_START — "menu right" (Start / Options)
pub const L5: u64 = 1 << 15; // BTN_GRIPL2 — left BOTTOM back grip
// byte 10
pub const R5: u64 = 1 << 16; // BTN_GRIPR2 — right BOTTOM back grip
pub const LPAD_CLICK: u64 = 1 << 17; // BTN_THUMB — left pad pressed (click)
pub const RPAD_CLICK: u64 = 1 << 18; // BTN_THUMB2 — right pad pressed (click)
pub const LPAD_TOUCH: u64 = 1 << 19; // gates ABS_HAT0 (left pad coords)
pub const RPAD_TOUCH: u64 = 1 << 20; // gates ABS_HAT1 (right pad coords)
pub const L3: u64 = 1 << 22; // BTN_THUMBL — left joystick click
// byte 11
pub const R3: u64 = 1 << 26; // BTN_THUMBR — right joystick click
// byte 13
pub const L4: u64 = 1 << 41; // BTN_GRIPL — left TOP back grip
pub const R4: u64 = 1 << 42; // BTN_GRIPR — right TOP back grip
pub const LJOY_TOUCH: u64 = 1 << 46;
pub const RJOY_TOUCH: u64 = 1 << 47;
// byte 14
pub const QAM: u64 = 1 << 50; // BTN_BASE — quick-access (…) button
/// `b9.6` doubles as the mode-switch: held ~450 ms (no hidraw client) it toggles `gamepad_mode`.
pub const STEAM_MENU_RIGHT: u64 = MENU;
}
/// Full virtual Steam Deck controller state. All analog fields are stored as the RAW little-endian
/// report values the kernel reads (so [`serialize_deck_state`] is a pure memcpy); the kernel applies
/// its own sign conventions on top (`ABS_Y = -raw`, etc.) — see [`SteamState::from_gamepad`].
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct SteamState {
/// Packed button bits (see [`btn`]); occupies report bytes 8..16.
pub buttons: u64,
/// Left / right joystick, raw s16 (report 48/50/52/54). The kernel negates the Y axes.
pub lx: i16,
pub ly: i16,
pub rx: i16,
pub ry: i16,
/// Left / right analog trigger, raw u16 (report 44/46 → ABS_HAT2Y/X).
pub lt: u16,
pub rt: u16,
/// Left / right trackpad position, raw s16, centred 0 (report 16/18/20/22). Only surfaced by
/// the kernel while the matching `*PAD_TOUCH` button bit is set.
pub lpad_x: i16,
pub lpad_y: i16,
pub rpad_x: i16,
pub rpad_y: i16,
pub lpad_pressure: u16,
pub rpad_pressure: u16,
/// IMU, raw s16. `accel`/`gyro` are `[X, Y, Z]`; the kernel maps them to ABS_X/Z/Y + ABS_RX/RZ/RY
/// (with Z/RZ negated) on the separate sensors evdev.
pub accel: [i16; 3],
pub gyro: [i16; 3],
/// Trackpad CLICK from the rich plane ([`apply_rich`]), kept OUTSIDE `buttons` because
/// [`SteamControllerManager::handle`](super::super::linux::steam_controller::SteamControllerManager)
/// rebuilds `buttons` from the gamepad frame every tick — exactly why DualSense keeps
/// `touch_click` separate. Merged into the report's click bits in [`serialize_deck_state`]. The
/// DualSense touchpad-click WIRE button still sets `RPAD_CLICK` in `buttons` via
/// [`from_gamepad`](Self::from_gamepad); the two sources are OR'd at serialize, so each releases
/// independently (a released `BTN_TOUCHPAD` can't strand a rich click, and vice-versa).
pub lpad_click: bool,
pub rpad_click: bool,
}
impl SteamState {
pub fn neutral() -> SteamState {
SteamState::default()
}
/// Set/clear a button (or group) by its [`btn`] mask.
pub fn press(&mut self, mask: u64, down: bool) {
if down {
self.buttons |= mask;
} else {
self.buttons &= !mask;
}
}
/// Map an `XInput`/GameStream pad frame (button bitmask + i16 sticks + u8 triggers) into the Deck
/// state. Sticks pass through (the kernel negates Y, which yields the conventional direction —
/// validated on-box); triggers scale u8 0..255 → u16 0..32640 and set the full-pull bit when
/// pressed. Trackpad + motion + the back grips arrive separately ([`apply_rich`], the M3 wire).
pub fn from_gamepad(
buttons: u32,
lx: i16,
ly: i16,
rx: i16,
ry: i16,
lt: u8,
rt: u8,
) -> SteamState {
let on = |bit: u32| buttons & bit != 0;
let mut s = SteamState {
lx,
ly,
rx,
ry,
lt: (lt as u16) * 128,
rt: (rt as u16) * 128,
..SteamState::neutral()
};
let mut b = 0u64;
let set = |b: &mut u64, on: bool, m: u64| {
if on {
*b |= m;
}
};
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_A), btn::A);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_B), btn::B);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_X), btn::X);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_Y), btn::Y);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_LB), btn::LB);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_RB), btn::RB);
set(&mut b, lt > 0, btn::LT_FULL);
set(&mut b, rt > 0, btn::RT_FULL);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_BACK), btn::VIEW);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_START), btn::MENU);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_GUIDE), btn::STEAM);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_LS_CLICK), btn::L3);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_RS_CLICK), btn::R3);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_DPAD_UP), btn::DPAD_UP);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_DPAD_DOWN), btn::DPAD_DOWN);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_DPAD_LEFT), btn::DPAD_LEFT);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_DPAD_RIGHT), btn::DPAD_RIGHT);
// The DualSense touchpad-click wire bit maps to the Deck's RIGHT pad click (the pad that
// stands in for the DualSense touchpad — see apply_rich).
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_TOUCHPAD), btn::RPAD_CLICK);
// Back grips (the whole reason for the Deck identity): the wire paddle bits map to the four
// Deck grips — PADDLE1/2/3/4 = R4/L4/R5/L5 (see `input::gamepad`); MISC1 = the QAM '…' button.
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_PADDLE1), btn::R4);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_PADDLE2), btn::L4);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_PADDLE3), btn::R5);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_PADDLE4), btn::L5);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_MISC1), btn::QAM);
s.buttons = b;
s
}
/// Apply one rich client→host event into this state, preserving everything else. The single-pad
/// wire [`RichInput::Touchpad`] maps to the **right** trackpad (the Deck pad analogous to the
/// DualSense touchpad); the left pad arrives via the M3 `TouchpadEx` surface. [`RichInput::Motion`]
/// passes gyro/accel straight through (raw i16; cross-device unit scaling is M3).
///
/// The wire's touch coordinates are SCREEN convention — +y DOWN, what SDL/Windows/Android
/// capture APIs all produce — but the Deck's raw trackpad fields are stick convention
/// (+y UP, centre origin), and Steam Input parses our report as real Deck hardware. Y is
/// therefore negated here, on the device boundary; leaving it through was the "both
/// trackpads inverted" bug the first live Deck-to-Deck session surfaced (2026-07-08).
pub fn apply_rich(&mut self, rich: RichInput) {
/// Screen-convention (+down) wire Y → Deck raw (+up), saturating (-32768 has no i16 negation).
fn flip_y(y: i16) -> i16 {
(y as i32).saturating_neg().clamp(-32768, 32767) as i16
}
match rich {
RichInput::Touchpad { active, x, y, .. } => {
self.press(btn::RPAD_TOUCH, active);
// Normalized 0..=65535 (centre 32768, +y down) → the pad's centred s16 range (+y up).
self.rpad_x = ((x as i32) - 32768) as i16;
self.rpad_y = (32768 - (y as i32)).min(32767) as i16;
}
RichInput::Motion { gyro, accel, .. } => {
// The wire carries DualSense-convention units (what every client capture emits); the
// Deck's hid-steam report wants 16 LSB/°·s + 16384 LSB/g, so rescale here.
let (g, a) = super::steam_remap::motion_wire_to_deck(gyro, accel);
self.gyro = g;
self.accel = a;
}
RichInput::TouchpadEx {
surface,
touch,
click,
x,
y,
..
} => {
// Signed centre-0 x maps straight in; y flips to the Deck's +up. surface 1 =
// left pad, anything else (0 single / 2 right) = right pad.
if surface == 1 {
self.press(btn::LPAD_TOUCH, touch);
// Click lives in its own field, NOT `buttons` — `handle()` rebuilds `buttons`
// every gamepad frame and would otherwise wipe a held click (the bug this fixes).
self.lpad_click = click;
self.lpad_x = x;
self.lpad_y = flip_y(y);
} else {
self.press(btn::RPAD_TOUCH, touch);
self.rpad_click = click;
self.rpad_x = x;
self.rpad_y = flip_y(y);
}
}
// Raw as-is passthrough reports belong to the Triton backend, never a Deck/SC state.
RichInput::HidReport { .. } => {}
}
}
}
/// Serialize the full Deck input report (`ID_CONTROLLER_DECK_STATE`) into the 64-byte unnumbered
/// frame `hid-steam` parses. Pure + byte-exact against `steam_do_deck_input_event`; the report-id
/// constant is `data[0]=0x01` (NOT a HID report id — this report is unnumbered).
pub fn serialize_deck_state(r: &mut [u8; STEAM_REPORT_LEN], st: &SteamState, seq: u32) {
r.fill(0);
r[0] = 0x01;
r[1] = 0x00;
r[2] = ID_CONTROLLER_DECK_STATE;
r[3] = 0x3C; // payload length; the kernel ignores it
r[4..8].copy_from_slice(&seq.to_le_bytes());
// Rich-plane trackpad clicks live in their own fields (see `SteamState`) so a button-only frame
// can't wipe them; merge them into the report's click bits here. RPAD_CLICK may ALSO come from
// the DualSense touchpad-click wire button via `from_gamepad` — OR both, so either source lights
// it and each releases independently.
let mut buttons = st.buttons;
if st.lpad_click {
buttons |= btn::LPAD_CLICK;
}
if st.rpad_click {
buttons |= btn::RPAD_CLICK;
}
r[8..16].copy_from_slice(&buttons.to_le_bytes()); // bytes 8..16 (12+15 stay 0)
r[16..18].copy_from_slice(&st.lpad_x.to_le_bytes());
r[18..20].copy_from_slice(&st.lpad_y.to_le_bytes());
r[20..22].copy_from_slice(&st.rpad_x.to_le_bytes());
r[22..24].copy_from_slice(&st.rpad_y.to_le_bytes());
r[24..26].copy_from_slice(&st.accel[0].to_le_bytes()); // accel X → IMU ABS_X
r[26..28].copy_from_slice(&st.accel[1].to_le_bytes()); // accel Y → IMU ABS_Z (kernel negates)
r[28..30].copy_from_slice(&st.accel[2].to_le_bytes()); // accel Z → IMU ABS_Y
r[30..32].copy_from_slice(&st.gyro[0].to_le_bytes()); // gyro X → IMU ABS_RX
r[32..34].copy_from_slice(&st.gyro[1].to_le_bytes()); // gyro Y → IMU ABS_RZ (kernel negates)
r[34..36].copy_from_slice(&st.gyro[2].to_le_bytes()); // gyro Z → IMU ABS_RY
// 36..44 quaternion — left 0 (optional; the kernel does not surface it)
r[44..46].copy_from_slice(&st.lt.to_le_bytes()); // left trigger → ABS_HAT2Y
r[46..48].copy_from_slice(&st.rt.to_le_bytes()); // right trigger → ABS_HAT2X
r[48..50].copy_from_slice(&st.lx.to_le_bytes()); // left joystick X → ABS_X
r[50..52].copy_from_slice(&st.ly.to_le_bytes()); // left joystick Y → ABS_Y (kernel negates)
r[52..54].copy_from_slice(&st.rx.to_le_bytes()); // right joystick X → ABS_RX
r[54..56].copy_from_slice(&st.ry.to_le_bytes()); // right joystick Y → ABS_RY (kernel negates)
r[56..58].copy_from_slice(&st.lpad_pressure.to_le_bytes());
r[58..60].copy_from_slice(&st.rpad_pressure.to_le_bytes());
}
/// Map an `XInput`/GameStream pad frame into **classic Steam Controller** state. The SC's 24-bit
/// button field (report bytes 8..10) shares its low-bit layout with the Deck's (face/shoulder/
/// trigger-full byte 8; dpad/View/Steam/Menu byte 9 bits 06), so this reuses the [`btn`] masks —
/// with the SC-specific tail per the kernel's `ID_CONTROLLER_STATE` table:
/// - `9.7`/`10.0` are the SC's TWO grips (the bit positions the Deck calls L5/R5): wire
/// `BTN_PADDLE2`/`BTN_PADDLE1` (L4/R4, the primary pair) land there; fold PADDLE3/4 via
/// [`super::steam_remap`] BEFORE calling this.
/// - `10.2` = right-pad clicked (the SC has no right stick): wire `BTN_RS_CLICK` and the
/// DualSense `BTN_TOUCHPAD` click both land there.
/// - `10.6` = joystick clicked = wire `BTN_LS_CLICK` (the same bit the Deck calls L3).
/// - No QAM/misc slot — `BTN_MISC1` is dropped (fold it upstream if a policy wants it).
///
/// The wire right STICK drives the right-pad coordinates (`rpad_x/y` + the `10.4` touched bit
/// while deflected) — the SC's camera surface; the loss of a true second stick is inherent to
/// the hardware. The left stick rides the joystick fields; a left-pad `TouchpadEx` contact
/// (via [`SteamState::apply_rich`]) SHADOWS the joystick while touched (the report multiplexes
/// them at bytes 16..20, exactly like real hardware's `lpad_touched` flag).
pub fn sc_from_gamepad(
buttons: u32,
lx: i16,
ly: i16,
rx: i16,
ry: i16,
lt: u8,
rt: u8,
) -> SteamState {
let on = |bit: u32| buttons & bit != 0;
let mut s = SteamState {
lx,
ly,
rx: 0,
ry: 0,
lt: (lt as u16) * 128,
rt: (rt as u16) * 128,
// The wire right stick becomes a right-pad contact (see the doc above).
rpad_x: rx,
rpad_y: ry,
..SteamState::neutral()
};
let mut b = 0u64;
let set = |b: &mut u64, on: bool, m: u64| {
if on {
*b |= m;
}
};
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_A), btn::A);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_B), btn::B);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_X), btn::X);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_Y), btn::Y);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_LB), btn::LB);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_RB), btn::RB);
set(&mut b, lt > 0, btn::LT_FULL);
set(&mut b, rt > 0, btn::RT_FULL);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_BACK), btn::VIEW);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_START), btn::MENU);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_GUIDE), btn::STEAM);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_DPAD_UP), btn::DPAD_UP);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_DPAD_DOWN), btn::DPAD_DOWN);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_DPAD_LEFT), btn::DPAD_LEFT);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_DPAD_RIGHT), btn::DPAD_RIGHT);
// SC grips at the Deck's L5/R5 bit positions (9.7 / 10.0): the wire primary pair L4/R4.
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_PADDLE2), btn::L5); // left grip
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_PADDLE1), btn::R5); // right grip
// Joystick click (10.6 — the bit the Deck calls L3) + right-pad click (10.2).
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_LS_CLICK), btn::L3);
set(
&mut b,
on(gs::BTN_RS_CLICK) || on(gs::BTN_TOUCHPAD),
btn::RPAD_CLICK,
);
// Right-pad touched (10.4) while the wire stick is deflected — the coords are live then.
set(&mut b, rx != 0 || ry != 0, btn::RPAD_TOUCH);
s.buttons = b;
s
}
/// Serialize the classic Steam Controller input report (`ID_CONTROLLER_STATE`) into the 64-byte
/// unnumbered frame `steam_do_input_event` parses. Byte-exact against the kernel's message
/// table: 24-bit buttons at 8..11, **u8** triggers at 11/12 (the Deck uses u16 at 44/46),
/// the joystick/left-pad MULTIPLEX at 16..20 (left-pad coords shadow the joystick while the
/// `10.3` touched bit is set), the right pad at 20..24, and the (kernel-ignored, hidraw-visible)
/// accel/gyro at 28..39. The kernel negates both Y axes on top of these raw values.
pub fn serialize_sc_state(r: &mut [u8; STEAM_REPORT_LEN], st: &SteamState, seq: u32) {
r.fill(0);
r[0] = 0x01;
r[1] = 0x00;
r[2] = ID_CONTROLLER_STATE;
r[3] = 0x3C;
r[4..8].copy_from_slice(&seq.to_le_bytes());
// Rich-plane pad clicks merge like the Deck path: left-pad clicked = 10.1 (hidraw-only —
// the kernel maps no key to it), right-pad clicked = 10.2.
let mut buttons = st.buttons;
if st.lpad_click {
buttons |= btn::LPAD_CLICK;
}
if st.rpad_click {
buttons |= btn::RPAD_CLICK;
}
r[8] = (buttons & 0xFF) as u8;
r[9] = ((buttons >> 8) & 0xFF) as u8;
r[10] = ((buttons >> 16) & 0xFF) as u8;
r[11] = (st.lt >> 7).min(255) as u8; // left trigger, u8
r[12] = (st.rt >> 7).min(255) as u8; // right trigger, u8
// Bytes 16..20 carry EITHER the joystick OR the left pad, per the 10.3 touched bit.
let (x, y) = if buttons & btn::LPAD_TOUCH != 0 {
(st.lpad_x, st.lpad_y)
} else {
(st.lx, st.ly)
};
r[16..18].copy_from_slice(&x.to_le_bytes());
r[18..20].copy_from_slice(&y.to_le_bytes());
r[20..22].copy_from_slice(&st.rpad_x.to_le_bytes());
r[22..24].copy_from_slice(&st.rpad_y.to_le_bytes());
// IMU: present in the frame (28..39) for hidraw readers, but the kernel maps none of it
// ("accelerator/gyro is disabled by default" — no sensors evdev for the SC).
r[28..30].copy_from_slice(&st.accel[0].to_le_bytes());
r[30..32].copy_from_slice(&st.accel[1].to_le_bytes());
r[32..34].copy_from_slice(&st.accel[2].to_le_bytes());
r[34..36].copy_from_slice(&st.gyro[0].to_le_bytes());
r[36..38].copy_from_slice(&st.gyro[1].to_le_bytes());
r[38..40].copy_from_slice(&st.gyro[2].to_le_bytes());
}
/// Build the `steam_get_serial` GET_REPORT reply. The Steam feature path is report-id-0 with a
/// leading report-id byte the kernel strips (`steam_recv_report` does `memcpy(data, buf+1, …)`), so
/// the wire is `[0x00, 0xAE, len, 0x01, ascii…]`; the kernel then validates `reply[0]==0xAE`,
/// `1<=reply[1]<=21`, `reply[2]==0x01`. Non-fatal (a bad reply → the `"XXXXXXXXXX"` fallback).
pub fn serial_reply(serial: &str) -> [u8; STEAM_REPORT_LEN] {
let mut buf = [0u8; STEAM_REPORT_LEN];
let bytes = serial.as_bytes();
let len = bytes.len().clamp(1, 21);
buf[0] = 0x00; // report id 0 — stripped by steam_recv_report
buf[1] = ID_GET_STRING_ATTRIBUTE;
buf[2] = len as u8;
buf[3] = ATTRIB_STR_UNIT_SERIAL;
buf[4..4 + len].copy_from_slice(&bytes[..len]);
buf
}
/// One service pass's extracted feedback. Rumble rides the universal 0xCA plane (so any client
/// feels it); the classic SC's trackpad-pulse haptics (`0x8F`) are a later, model-specific add.
#[derive(Default, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct SteamFeedback {
/// `(low, high)` motor levels (left/strong, right/weak), if a rumble report carried them.
pub rumble: Option<(u16, u16)>,
}
/// Parse a feature/output report the kernel wrote to our device. The Steam feedback path is a
/// FEATURE `SET_REPORT` whose wire data is `[0x00 report-id, cmd, len, …]`; `cmd == 0xEB`
/// (`steam_haptic_rumble`) carries `[…, 0, intensity(2), left_speed(2), right_speed(2), gains(2)]`.
/// We surface `(left_speed, right_speed)` as `(low, high)` for the 0xCA rumble plane.
pub fn parse_steam_output(data: &[u8]) -> SteamFeedback {
let mut fb = SteamFeedback::default();
// data[0] is the stripped report-id byte (0); the command id follows.
if data.len() >= 10 && data[1] == ID_TRIGGER_RUMBLE_CMD {
let le = |o: usize| u16::from_le_bytes([data[o], data[o + 1]]);
let left = le(6); // left_speed (report[5..7]) → low / strong motor
let right = le(8); // right_speed (report[7..9]) → high / weak motor
fb.rumble = Some((left, right));
}
fb
}
// ===========================================================================================
// Real-USB Deck device contract (the gadget + usbip transports present a *real* 3-interface USB
// Deck so Steam Input promotes it; the UHID path above uses the minimal [`STEAMDECK_RDESC`]).
//
// These descriptors are captured verbatim from a physical Steam Deck (28DE:1205): mouse =
// interface 0, keyboard = interface 1, **controller = interface 2** (the interface number Steam's
// own driver filters on — the reason a UHID Deck, `Interface: -1`, is never promoted). The
// `0x83`/`0xAE` feature contract is what stops Steam re-probing (the gamepad-evdev churn). Shared
// by [`super::super::steam_gadget`] (raw_gadget) and [`super::super::steam_usbip`] (usbip/vhci).
// ===========================================================================================
/// Captured Deck **mouse** report descriptor (interface 0, EP 0x81).
#[rustfmt::skip]
pub const RDESC_DECK_MOUSE: &[u8] = &[
0x05,0x01,0x09,0x02,0xa1,0x01,0x09,0x01,0xa1,0x00,0x05,0x09,0x19,0x01,0x29,0x02,
0x15,0x00,0x25,0x01,0x75,0x01,0x95,0x02,0x81,0x02,0x75,0x06,0x95,0x01,0x81,0x01,
0x05,0x01,0x09,0x30,0x09,0x31,0x15,0x81,0x25,0x7f,0x75,0x08,0x95,0x02,0x81,0x06,
0x95,0x01,0x09,0x38,0x81,0x06,0x05,0x0c,0x0a,0x38,0x02,0x95,0x01,0x81,0x06,0xc0,0xc0];
/// Captured Deck **keyboard** (boot) report descriptor (interface 1, EP 0x82).
#[rustfmt::skip]
pub const RDESC_DECK_KBD: &[u8] = &[
0x05,0x01,0x09,0x06,0xa1,0x01,0x05,0x07,0x19,0xe0,0x29,0xe7,0x15,0x00,0x25,0x01,
0x75,0x01,0x95,0x08,0x81,0x02,0x81,0x01,0x19,0x00,0x29,0x65,0x15,0x00,0x25,0x65,
0x75,0x08,0x95,0x06,0x81,0x00,0xc0];
/// Captured Deck **controller** report descriptor (interface 2, EP 0x83; Usage Page `0xFFFF`,
/// `bCountryCode 33`). The vendor-defined report the `hid-steam` driver binds.
#[rustfmt::skip]
pub const RDESC_DECK_CTRL: &[u8] = &[
0x06,0xff,0xff,0x09,0x01,0xa1,0x01,0x09,0x02,0x09,0x03,0x15,0x00,0x26,0xff,0x00,
0x75,0x08,0x95,0x40,0x81,0x02,0x09,0x06,0x09,0x07,0x15,0x00,0x26,0xff,0x00,0x75,
0x08,0x95,0x40,0xb1,0x02,0xc0];
/// Per-instance Deck unit id stamped into the `0x83` GET_ATTRIBUTES device-id attrs (`0x0a`/`0x04`)
/// so a virtual Deck never collides with a real one or another instance. `"PF"` high word + index.
pub fn deck_unit_id(index: u8) -> u32 {
0x5046_0000 | index as u32
}
/// A Steam-accepted alphanumeric unit serial (a real Deck's is e.g. `"FVZZ4200469B"`). Steam
/// validates the serial's FORMAT before accepting it: a `"PF"`-leading serial is REJECTED
/// ("Invalid or missing unit serial number …") and Steam then substitutes a hash AND mangles the
/// displayed controller name (observed as "Steam Deck Controllerggg" on Windows). An `'F'`-leading
/// serial passes, so we keep the PunktFunk marker one slot in (`"FVPF"`) — still distinct from a
/// real Deck's `"FVZZ"` for the self-detection below while satisfying Steam's format check.
/// Derived from [`deck_unit_id`] so the `0xAE` serial reply and the `0x83` unit-id attrs stay
/// consistent. (The Windows UMDF driver mirrors this exact format — see pf-dualsense lib.rs.)
pub fn deck_serial(index: u8) -> String {
format!("FVPF{:08X}", deck_unit_id(index))
}
/// The neutral 64-byte Deck input report (header only, all controls released) — the report the
/// real-USB transports stream until the first [`serialize_deck_state`] call updates it.
pub fn neutral_deck_report() -> [u8; STEAM_REPORT_LEN] {
let mut r = [0u8; STEAM_REPORT_LEN];
r[0] = 0x01;
r[2] = ID_CONTROLLER_DECK_STATE;
r[3] = 0x3C;
r
}
/// Build the HID feature GET_REPORT reply for the host's last SET_REPORT command, for the *real-USB*
/// Deck (gadget + usbip). Steam's `GetControllerInfo` reads the `0x83` attributes + the `0xAE`
/// serial; **serving the real `0x83` blob is what stops Steam re-probing** (the gamepad-evdev churn).
/// The 9-attribute `0x83` layout + the `0xAE` string format were captured from a physical Deck via
/// hidraw. `unit_id` (see [`deck_unit_id`]) stamps a per-instance value into the device-id attrs.
///
/// Note this is the raw 64-byte EP0 feature payload (command id first, no report-id prefix) — the USB
/// control path, distinct from [`serial_reply`] which carries the UHID report-id byte the kernel
/// strips.
pub fn feature_reply(last_set: &[u8], serial: &str, unit_id: u32) -> [u8; STEAM_REPORT_LEN] {
let cmd = last_set.first().copied().unwrap_or(ID_GET_STRING_ATTRIBUTE);
let mut r = [0u8; STEAM_REPORT_LEN];
match cmd {
ID_GET_ATTRIBUTES_VALUES => {
// GET_ATTRIBUTES_VALUES: [0x83, 0x2d, then 9× (attr-id, value u32-LE)].
r[0] = ID_GET_ATTRIBUTES_VALUES;
r[1] = 0x2d;
let attrs: [(u8, u32); 9] = [
(0x01, 0x1205), // product id
(0x02, 0),
(0x0a, unit_id), // unit serial number (per-instance)
(0x04, unit_id ^ 0x5555_5555),
(0x09, 0x2e),
(0x0b, 0x0fa0),
(0x0d, 0),
(0x0c, 0),
(0x0e, 0),
];
let mut o = 2;
for (id, val) in attrs {
r[o] = id;
r[o + 1..o + 5].copy_from_slice(&val.to_le_bytes());
o += 5;
}
}
ID_GET_STRING_ATTRIBUTE => {
// GET_STRING_ATTRIBUTE: [0xAE, len, attr, ascii…]. The kernel validates the serial (attr
// 0x01) wants reply[2]==0x01 and 1<=len<=21; for other attrs we echo the requested id.
let attr = last_set.get(2).copied().unwrap_or(ATTRIB_STR_UNIT_SERIAL);
let b = serial.as_bytes();
let len = b.len().clamp(1, 20);
r[0] = ID_GET_STRING_ATTRIBUTE;
r[1] = len as u8;
r[2] = attr;
r[3..3 + len].copy_from_slice(&b[..len]);
}
_ => {
// Settings read-back (e.g. 0x87): echo the host's last command + data.
let n = last_set.len().min(STEAM_REPORT_LEN);
r[..n].copy_from_slice(&last_set[..n]);
}
}
r
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn descriptor_declares_input_and_feature_reports() {
assert!(
STEAMDECK_RDESC.contains(&0xB1),
"missing Feature main item — steam_is_valve_interface() would fail"
);
assert!(STEAMDECK_RDESC.contains(&0x81), "missing Input main item");
assert_eq!(
*STEAMDECK_RDESC.last().unwrap(),
0xC0,
"unterminated collection"
);
}
/// Every analog field lands at the exact offset `steam_do_deck_input_event` reads, the header is
/// what `steam_raw_event` requires, and the buttons pack into bytes 8..16 (12+15 zero). A
/// one-byte slip here turns the whole controller into noise.
#[test]
fn serialize_is_byte_exact() {
let mut st = SteamState::neutral();
st.buttons = btn::A | btn::L4 | btn::R5 | btn::QAM;
st.lx = 0x1122;
st.ly = 0x3344;
st.rx = 0x5566;
st.ry = 0x778;
st.lt = 0xABCD;
st.rt = 0xEF01;
st.lpad_x = 0x0A0B;
st.lpad_y = 0x0C0D;
st.rpad_x = 0x0E0F;
st.rpad_y = 0x1011;
st.accel = [0x0102, 0x0304, 0x0506];
st.gyro = [0x0708, 0x090A, 0x0B0C];
st.lpad_pressure = 0x1314;
st.rpad_pressure = 0x1516;
let mut r = [0u8; STEAM_REPORT_LEN];
serialize_deck_state(&mut r, &st, 0xAABB_CCDD);
assert_eq!(&r[0..4], &[0x01, 0x00, 0x09, 0x3C]);
assert_eq!(&r[4..8], &[0xDD, 0xCC, 0xBB, 0xAA]); // seq LE
// buttons: A=bit7 (byte8), L4=bit41 (byte13.1), R5=bit16 (byte10.0), QAM=bit50 (byte14.2).
assert_eq!(r[8], 0x80); // A
assert_eq!(r[10], 0x01); // R5
assert_eq!(r[12], 0x00); // unused button byte
assert_eq!(r[13], 0x02); // L4 (bit 1)
assert_eq!(r[14], 0x04); // QAM (bit 2)
assert_eq!(r[15], 0x00); // unused button byte
assert_eq!(&r[16..18], &0x0A0Bi16.to_le_bytes()); // lpad X
assert_eq!(&r[20..22], &0x0E0Fi16.to_le_bytes()); // rpad X
assert_eq!(&r[24..26], &0x0102i16.to_le_bytes()); // accel X
assert_eq!(&r[26..28], &0x0304i16.to_le_bytes()); // accel Y
assert_eq!(&r[28..30], &0x0506i16.to_le_bytes()); // accel Z
assert_eq!(&r[30..32], &0x0708i16.to_le_bytes()); // gyro X
assert_eq!(&r[44..46], &0xABCDu16.to_le_bytes()); // left trigger
assert_eq!(&r[46..48], &0xEF01u16.to_le_bytes()); // right trigger
assert_eq!(&r[48..50], &0x1122i16.to_le_bytes()); // left joy X
assert_eq!(&r[50..52], &0x3344i16.to_le_bytes()); // left joy Y
assert_eq!(&r[52..54], &0x5566i16.to_le_bytes()); // right joy X
assert_eq!(&r[56..58], &0x1314u16.to_le_bytes()); // left pad pressure
assert_eq!(&r[58..60], &0x1516u16.to_le_bytes()); // right pad pressure
}
/// `from_gamepad` sets the right Deck bits + scales triggers, and a touched flag is merged when
/// a trackpad contact arrives via `apply_rich`.
#[test]
fn from_gamepad_and_rich_mapping() {
let s = SteamState::from_gamepad(
gs::BTN_A | gs::BTN_START | gs::BTN_GUIDE | gs::BTN_LB,
1000,
-2000,
0,
0,
255,
0,
);
assert_ne!(s.buttons & btn::A, 0);
assert_ne!(s.buttons & btn::MENU, 0);
assert_ne!(s.buttons & btn::STEAM, 0);
assert_ne!(s.buttons & btn::LB, 0);
assert_ne!(s.buttons & btn::LT_FULL, 0); // lt=255 → full-pull bit
assert_eq!(s.lt, 255 * 128);
assert_eq!(s.lx, 1000);
assert_eq!(s.ly, -2000);
let mut s = SteamState::neutral();
s.apply_rich(RichInput::Touchpad {
pad: 0,
finger: 0,
active: true,
x: 65535,
y: 0,
});
assert_ne!(s.buttons & btn::RPAD_TOUCH, 0);
assert_eq!(s.rpad_x, 32767); // 65535-32768
assert_eq!(s.rpad_y, 32767); // wire y=0 = TOP (screen conv) → Deck raw +up (clamped)
// Motion is rescaled from the wire (DualSense) convention into Deck units (gyro ×16/20,
// accel ×16384/10000) — see steam_remap::motion_wire_to_deck.
s.apply_rich(RichInput::Motion {
pad: 0,
gyro: [1000, -2000, 0],
accel: [10000, -5000, 0],
});
assert_eq!(s.gyro, [800, -1600, 0]);
assert_eq!(s.accel, [16384, -8192, 0]);
}
/// M3: the wire back-button bits map to the four Deck grips + QAM, and `TouchpadEx` routes the
/// left / right surfaces to the matching pad (x passes straight through; y flips from the
/// wire's screen convention (+down) to the Deck's raw +up — the live-verified direction).
#[test]
fn back_buttons_and_dual_trackpad_mapping() {
let s = SteamState::from_gamepad(
gs::BTN_PADDLE1 | gs::BTN_PADDLE2 | gs::BTN_PADDLE3 | gs::BTN_PADDLE4 | gs::BTN_MISC1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
);
assert_ne!(s.buttons & btn::R4, 0); // PADDLE1 = R4
assert_ne!(s.buttons & btn::L4, 0); // PADDLE2 = L4
assert_ne!(s.buttons & btn::R5, 0); // PADDLE3 = R5
assert_ne!(s.buttons & btn::L5, 0); // PADDLE4 = L5
assert_ne!(s.buttons & btn::QAM, 0); // MISC1 = QAM
let mut s = SteamState::neutral();
s.apply_rich(RichInput::TouchpadEx {
pad: 0,
surface: 1,
finger: 0,
touch: true,
click: true,
x: -5000,
y: 6000,
pressure: 100,
});
assert_ne!(s.buttons & btn::LPAD_TOUCH, 0);
// Click now rides its own field (kept OUT of `buttons`, which handle() rebuilds each frame).
assert!(s.lpad_click);
assert_eq!(s.buttons & btn::LPAD_CLICK, 0);
assert_eq!((s.lpad_x, s.lpad_y), (-5000, -6000));
s.apply_rich(RichInput::TouchpadEx {
pad: 0,
surface: 2,
finger: 0,
touch: true,
click: false,
x: 7000,
y: -8000,
pressure: 0,
});
assert_ne!(s.buttons & btn::RPAD_TOUCH, 0);
assert!(!s.rpad_click); // click:false → field cleared
assert_eq!((s.rpad_x, s.rpad_y), (7000, 8000));
// The i16 edge: wire y = -32768 (top-most) must clamp, not overflow.
s.apply_rich(RichInput::TouchpadEx {
pad: 0,
surface: 2,
finger: 0,
touch: true,
click: false,
x: 0,
y: -32768,
pressure: 0,
});
assert_eq!(s.rpad_y, 32767);
}
/// Regression (G2): a held trackpad click set on the rich plane must survive the per-frame
/// `buttons` rebuild that `SteamControllerManager::handle` performs via `from_gamepad`. Before
/// the fix, click lived in `buttons` and the rebuild wiped it every gamepad frame.
#[test]
fn rich_click_survives_a_buttons_rebuild() {
let mut held = SteamState::neutral();
held.apply_rich(RichInput::TouchpadEx {
pad: 0,
surface: 1,
finger: 0,
touch: true,
click: true,
x: 0,
y: 0,
pressure: 0,
});
assert!(held.lpad_click);
// A following button-only frame: from_gamepad rebuilds buttons (dropping the click bit),
// then handle() carries the rich fields over — the click must still reach the report.
let mut merged = SteamState::from_gamepad(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
assert_eq!(merged.buttons & btn::LPAD_CLICK, 0); // the rebuild alone loses it (the old bug)
merged.lpad_click = held.lpad_click; // what handle() now preserves
let mut r = [0u8; STEAM_REPORT_LEN];
serialize_deck_state(&mut r, &merged, 0);
let serialized = u64::from_le_bytes(r[8..16].try_into().unwrap());
assert_ne!(serialized & btn::LPAD_CLICK, 0); // click lands in the report despite the rebuild
}
/// The classic-SC frame, byte-exact against the kernel's `ID_CONTROLLER_STATE` table: 24-bit
/// buttons at 8..11, u8 triggers at 11/12, the joystick/left-pad multiplex at 16..20, right
/// pad at 20..24 — and the SC-specific button tail (grips at 9.7/10.0, right-pad click at
/// 10.2, joystick click at 10.6).
#[test]
fn sc_serialize_and_mapping() {
// Full mapping: face + grips + clicks + a deflected right stick.
let s = sc_from_gamepad(
gs::BTN_A | gs::BTN_PADDLE1 | gs::BTN_PADDLE2 | gs::BTN_LS_CLICK | gs::BTN_RS_CLICK,
1000,
-2000,
3000,
-4000,
255,
0,
);
assert_ne!(s.buttons & btn::A, 0);
assert_ne!(s.buttons & btn::R5, 0); // PADDLE1 → right grip (10.0)
assert_ne!(s.buttons & btn::L5, 0); // PADDLE2 → left grip (9.7)
assert_ne!(s.buttons & btn::L3, 0); // LS click → joystick clicked (10.6)
assert_ne!(s.buttons & btn::RPAD_CLICK, 0); // RS click → right-pad clicked (10.2)
assert_ne!(s.buttons & btn::RPAD_TOUCH, 0); // deflected stick = touched pad (10.4)
assert_eq!((s.rpad_x, s.rpad_y), (3000, -4000)); // right stick rides the right pad
assert_eq!((s.rx, s.ry), (0, 0));
let mut r = [0u8; STEAM_REPORT_LEN];
serialize_sc_state(&mut r, &s, 0x0102_0304);
assert_eq!(&r[0..4], &[0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x3C]); // ID_CONTROLLER_STATE
assert_eq!(&r[4..8], &[0x04, 0x03, 0x02, 0x01]);
assert_eq!(r[8] & 0x80, 0x80); // A = 8.7
assert_eq!(r[9] & 0x80, 0x80); // left grip = 9.7
assert_eq!(r[10] & 0x01, 0x01); // right grip = 10.0
assert_eq!(r[10] & 0x04, 0x04); // right-pad clicked = 10.2
assert_eq!(r[10] & 0x40, 0x40); // joystick clicked = 10.6
assert_eq!(r[11], 255); // left trigger u8
assert_eq!(r[12], 0); // right trigger u8
assert_eq!(&r[16..18], &1000i16.to_le_bytes()); // joystick X (lpad untouched)
assert_eq!(&r[18..20], &(-2000i16).to_le_bytes());
assert_eq!(&r[20..22], &3000i16.to_le_bytes()); // right pad X
assert_eq!(&r[22..24], &(-4000i16).to_le_bytes());
// Left-pad multiplex: a TouchpadEx surface-1 contact shadows the joystick at 16..20
// and sets the 10.3 touched bit (+ the 10.1 click bit from the rich field).
let mut s = sc_from_gamepad(0, 1234, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
s.apply_rich(RichInput::TouchpadEx {
pad: 0,
surface: 1,
finger: 0,
touch: true,
click: true,
x: -5000,
y: 6000,
pressure: 0,
});
let mut r = [0u8; STEAM_REPORT_LEN];
serialize_sc_state(&mut r, &s, 0);
assert_eq!(r[10] & 0x08, 0x08); // left-pad touched = 10.3
assert_eq!(r[10] & 0x02, 0x02); // left-pad clicked = 10.1 (rich click merged)
assert_eq!(&r[16..18], &(-5000i16).to_le_bytes()); // lpad coords shadow the joystick
assert_eq!(&r[18..20], &(-6000i16).to_le_bytes()); // screen +down → raw +up (flip)
}
/// The serial reply carries the leading report-id byte the kernel strips, so the *stripped*
/// view (`reply[1..]`) is what `steam_get_serial` validates: `[0xAE, len, 0x01, ascii…]`.
#[test]
fn serial_reply_has_stripped_prefix() {
let r = serial_reply("PUNKTFUNK01");
assert_eq!(r[0], 0x00); // report id, stripped by steam_recv_report
assert_eq!(r[1], ID_GET_STRING_ATTRIBUTE); // becomes reply[0] after strip
assert!((1..=21).contains(&r[2]));
assert_eq!(r[3], ATTRIB_STR_UNIT_SERIAL);
assert_eq!(&r[4..4 + r[2] as usize], b"PUNKTFUNK01");
}
/// A `0xEB` rumble feature report parses to `(left_speed, right_speed)`; other commands don't.
#[test]
fn parse_rumble_feedback() {
// [report-id 0, 0xEB, len 9, 0, intensity(2), left(2), right(2), gains(2)]
let mut d = vec![0u8; 12];
d[1] = ID_TRIGGER_RUMBLE_CMD;
d[2] = 9;
d[6..8].copy_from_slice(&0x8000u16.to_le_bytes()); // left_speed
d[8..10].copy_from_slice(&0x4000u16.to_le_bytes()); // right_speed
assert_eq!(parse_steam_output(&d).rumble, Some((0x8000, 0x4000)));
let mut d = vec![0u8; 12];
d[1] = ID_SET_SETTINGS_VALUES; // a settings write — no rumble
assert_eq!(parse_steam_output(&d).rumble, None);
}
/// The shared real-USB Deck feature contract (gadget + usbip): the `0x83` GET_ATTRIBUTES reply
/// carries the 9-attribute blob with the per-instance unit id, and the `0xAE` reply carries the
/// Steam-accepted serial — both keyed off the host's last SET_REPORT command. A slip here is the
/// gamepad-evdev churn (Steam re-probing).
#[test]
fn deck_feature_reply_contract() {
let serial = deck_serial(0);
let unit_id = deck_unit_id(0);
assert_eq!(serial, "FVPF50460000"); // 12-char alphanumeric, derived from the unit id
assert_eq!(serial.len(), 12);
// 0x83 GET_ATTRIBUTES_VALUES: header + (0x0a, unit_id) at the 3rd attribute slot.
let r = feature_reply(&[ID_GET_ATTRIBUTES_VALUES], &serial, unit_id);
assert_eq!(r[0], ID_GET_ATTRIBUTES_VALUES);
assert_eq!(r[1], 0x2d);
assert_eq!(r[12], 0x0a); // 3rd attr id (slots at 2,7,12,…)
assert_eq!(
u32::from_le_bytes([r[13], r[14], r[15], r[16]]),
unit_id,
"unit serial attribute must carry the per-instance unit id"
);
// 0xAE GET_STRING_ATTRIBUTE: [0xAE, len, attr(0x01), ascii serial…].
let r = feature_reply(
&[ID_GET_STRING_ATTRIBUTE, 0, ATTRIB_STR_UNIT_SERIAL],
&serial,
unit_id,
);
assert_eq!(r[0], ID_GET_STRING_ATTRIBUTE);
assert_eq!(r[1] as usize, serial.len());
assert_eq!(r[2], ATTRIB_STR_UNIT_SERIAL);
assert_eq!(&r[3..3 + serial.len()], serial.as_bytes());
// Distinct pad indices get distinct unit ids + serials (no collision between virtual Decks).
assert_ne!(deck_unit_id(0), deck_unit_id(1));
assert_ne!(deck_serial(0), deck_serial(1));
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
//! Pure fallback-remap policy for the Steam Controller / Steam Deck rich inputs when the resolved
//! host backend is **not** the virtual `hid-steam` device (DualSense / DualShock 4 / Xbox), so a
//! client's Steam-only inputs aren't silently dropped — plus the cross-device motion rescale the
//! Deck backend itself needs.
//!
//! Driven by the host's `PUNKTFUNK_STEAM_REMAP` env (`key=value`, `,`/`;`-separated, e.g.
//! `paddles=stickclicks`). No I/O beyond [`RemapConfig::from_env`]; everything else is pure +
//! unit-testable. The uinput Xbox pad already exposes the back grips as Elite paddles
//! (`BTN_TRIGGER_HAPPY5-8`), so only the slot-less DualSense / DS4 backends fold them.
use punktfunk_core::input::gamepad as gs;
/// Where the four Steam back grips go on a backend with no native back-button HID slot.
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Default)]
pub enum PaddleFallback {
/// Drop them — the back buttons are simply absent on this pad. The honest default: don't fire
/// buttons the user didn't ask for. Set the env to map them instead.
#[default]
Drop,
/// L4/L5 → left-stick click, R4/R5 → right-stick click.
StickClicks,
/// L4/L5 → left bumper, R4/R5 → right bumper.
Shoulders,
}
/// Fallback-remap knobs parsed from `PUNKTFUNK_STEAM_REMAP`.
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct RemapConfig {
pub paddles: PaddleFallback,
}
impl RemapConfig {
/// Parse the host's `PUNKTFUNK_STEAM_REMAP` env (absent / unrecognized → defaults).
pub fn from_env() -> RemapConfig {
std::env::var("PUNKTFUNK_STEAM_REMAP")
.map(|s| RemapConfig::parse(&s))
.unwrap_or_default()
}
/// Pure parse of the `key=value[,key=value…]` string (the testable core of [`from_env`]).
pub fn parse(s: &str) -> RemapConfig {
let mut cfg = RemapConfig::default();
for kv in s.split([',', ';']) {
let mut it = kv.splitn(2, '=');
if let (Some(k), Some(v)) = (it.next(), it.next()) {
if k.trim().eq_ignore_ascii_case("paddles") {
cfg.paddles = match v.trim().to_ascii_lowercase().as_str() {
"stickclicks" | "l3r3" | "sticks" => PaddleFallback::StickClicks,
"shoulders" | "lbrb" | "bumpers" => PaddleFallback::Shoulders,
_ => PaddleFallback::Drop,
};
}
}
}
cfg
}
}
/// Fold the wire back-grip bits (`BTN_PADDLE1..4`) into standard buttons per `policy` for a pad with
/// no native back-button slot, clearing the paddle bits. Pure. PADDLE1/2/3/4 = R4/L4/R5/L5.
pub fn fold_paddles(mut buttons: u32, policy: PaddleFallback) -> u32 {
let left = buttons & (gs::BTN_PADDLE2 | gs::BTN_PADDLE4) != 0; // L4 | L5
let right = buttons & (gs::BTN_PADDLE1 | gs::BTN_PADDLE3) != 0; // R4 | R5
buttons &= !(gs::BTN_PADDLE1 | gs::BTN_PADDLE2 | gs::BTN_PADDLE3 | gs::BTN_PADDLE4);
let (lbit, rbit) = match policy {
PaddleFallback::Drop => return buttons,
PaddleFallback::StickClicks => (gs::BTN_LS_CLICK, gs::BTN_RS_CLICK),
PaddleFallback::Shoulders => (gs::BTN_LB, gs::BTN_RB),
};
if left {
buttons |= lbit;
}
if right {
buttons |= rbit;
}
buttons
}
// Motion rescale. The wire uses the DualSense convention (20 LSB/°·s gyro, 10000 LSB/g accel — the
// scale every client capture applies). The Steam Deck's `hid-steam` report wants 16 LSB/°·s and
// 16384 LSB/g, so the Deck backend rescales; the DualSense / DS4 backends consume the wire 1:1.
const GYRO_NUM: i32 = 16;
const GYRO_DEN: i32 = 20;
const ACCEL_NUM: i32 = 16384;
const ACCEL_DEN: i32 = 10000;
fn scale(v: i16, num: i32, den: i32) -> i16 {
((v as i32 * num) / den).clamp(i16::MIN as i32, i16::MAX as i32) as i16
}
/// Rescale a wire (DualSense-convention) motion sample into the Steam Deck's `hid-steam` units.
pub fn motion_wire_to_deck(gyro: [i16; 3], accel: [i16; 3]) -> ([i16; 3], [i16; 3]) {
(
gyro.map(|g| scale(g, GYRO_NUM, GYRO_DEN)),
accel.map(|a| scale(a, ACCEL_NUM, ACCEL_DEN)),
)
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn parse_paddle_policy() {
assert_eq!(RemapConfig::parse("").paddles, PaddleFallback::Drop);
assert_eq!(
RemapConfig::parse("paddles=stickclicks").paddles,
PaddleFallback::StickClicks
);
assert_eq!(
RemapConfig::parse("foo=bar; paddles = Shoulders").paddles,
PaddleFallback::Shoulders
);
assert_eq!(
RemapConfig::parse("paddles=nonsense").paddles,
PaddleFallback::Drop
);
}
#[test]
fn fold_paddles_maps_and_clears() {
// All four grips set + a real A button.
let b = gs::BTN_A | gs::BTN_PADDLE1 | gs::BTN_PADDLE2 | gs::BTN_PADDLE3 | gs::BTN_PADDLE4;
// Drop: paddle bits cleared, A preserved, nothing added.
assert_eq!(fold_paddles(b, PaddleFallback::Drop), gs::BTN_A);
// StickClicks: left grips → L3, right grips → R3.
assert_eq!(
fold_paddles(b, PaddleFallback::StickClicks),
gs::BTN_A | gs::BTN_LS_CLICK | gs::BTN_RS_CLICK
);
// Only a left grip (L4 = PADDLE2) → only the left bumper under Shoulders.
assert_eq!(
fold_paddles(gs::BTN_PADDLE2, PaddleFallback::Shoulders),
gs::BTN_LB
);
}
#[test]
fn motion_rescale_to_deck_units() {
// gyro × 16/20 = 0.8; accel × 16384/10000 = 1.6384.
let (g, a) = motion_wire_to_deck([1000, -2000, 0], [10000, -5000, 0]);
assert_eq!(g, [800, -1600, 0]);
assert_eq!(a, [16384, -8192, 0]);
// Saturates rather than wraps.
let (_, a) = motion_wire_to_deck([0; 3], [32767, i16::MIN, 0]);
assert_eq!(a[0], i16::MAX);
assert_eq!(a[1], i16::MIN);
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,654 @@
//! Transport-independent Nintendo Switch Pro Controller contract — the report codec + canned
//! handshake replies the Linux UHID backend ([`super::switch_pro`]) drives `hid-nintendo` with.
//!
//! Everything here is pinned against the kernel driver source (drivers/hid/hid-nintendo.c —
//! the ONE consumer of these bytes; a virtual pad must answer its probe exactly or no input
//! devices appear):
//!
//! - **USB handshake**: 2-byte output reports `0x80 <cmd>` (handshake / baudrate / no-timeout),
//! each ACKed with an input report `0x81 <cmd>` (`joycon_send_usb` matches only those two
//! bytes).
//! - **Subcommands**: output report `0x01` (packet counter + 8 rumble bytes + subcommand id +
//! args), ACKed with input report `0x21` — a 12-byte input-state header, then ack byte /
//! echoed subcommand id / payload. The driver matches ONLY the echoed id (byte 14) and
//! requires ≥ 49 bytes; real hardware sends 64.
//! - **SPI flash reads** (subcommand `0x10`): the driver reads the user-calibration magics
//! (absent here → `0xFF 0xFF`, so it takes the factory path), the factory stick calibrations
//! (9-byte packed 12-bit triples — max/center/min order DIFFERS left vs right), and the
//! 24-byte factory IMU calibration. We serve blobs chosen so the math is clean: sticks
//! centered at [`STICK_CENTER`] ± [`STICK_RANGE`], IMU offsets 0 with the driver's default
//! scales (accel 16384, gyro 13371) so raw units pass through 1:1.
//! - **Input report `0x30`**: 3 button bytes (bit layout per `JC_BTN_*`), two packed 12-bit
//! stick triples, battery/connection, and 3 IMU sample frames (accel then gyro, i16 LE).
//! - **Rumble**: 4 encoded bytes per side in every `0x01`/`0x10` output; we decode the
//! amplitude through the driver's own `joycon_rumble_amplitudes` table (inverted) back to the
//! 0..=0xFFFF wire magnitudes it was scaled from (left = strong/low, right = weak/high).
//!
//! Wire-mapping subtleties (see the plan doc, gamepad-new-types §4):
//! - **Positional swap.** Wire `BTN_A` is the SOUTH button (GameStream convention); on a Switch
//! pad SOUTH is `B`. `from_gamepad` maps wire-south → the report's B bit (and X/Y likewise),
//! so the physical-position ↔ glyph relationship stays correct end-to-end.
//! - **Units.** Wire motion is DualSense-convention (20 LSB/°·s, 10000 LSB/g); the report wants
//! real-Pro-Controller raw units (≈14.247 LSB/°·s per `JC_IMU_GYRO_RES_PER_DPS`, 4096 LSB/g
//! per `JC_IMU_ACCEL_RES_PER_G`), which our calibration blobs make the driver consume 1:1.
use punktfunk_core::input::gamepad as gs;
pub const SWITCH_VENDOR: u32 = 0x057E; // Nintendo Co., Ltd
pub const SWITCH_PRODUCT: u32 = 0x2009; // Pro Controller
/// Nintendo Switch Pro Controller **USB** HID report descriptor (203 bytes) — a verbatim
/// real-device capture (usbhid-dump off a wired Pro Controller; three independent public
/// captures agree byte-for-byte: mzyy94's usbhid-dump, ToadKing's full USB capture, and
/// spacemeowx2's annotated dump). Declares exactly the report ids `hid-nintendo` exchanges
/// wired (inputs 0x30/0x21/0x81, outputs 0x01/0x10/0x80/0x82); the driver reads raw events,
/// so the descriptor only has to `hid_parse()` — but this is what real hardware presents.
/// NOT the Bluetooth descriptor (that one is ~170 bytes with a different report set).
#[rustfmt::skip]
pub const PROCON_RDESC: &[u8] = &[
0x05, 0x01, 0x15, 0x00, 0x09, 0x04, 0xA1, 0x01, 0x85, 0x30, 0x05, 0x01, 0x05, 0x09, 0x19, 0x01,
0x29, 0x0A, 0x15, 0x00, 0x25, 0x01, 0x75, 0x01, 0x95, 0x0A, 0x55, 0x00, 0x65, 0x00, 0x81, 0x02,
0x05, 0x09, 0x19, 0x0B, 0x29, 0x0E, 0x15, 0x00, 0x25, 0x01, 0x75, 0x01, 0x95, 0x04, 0x81, 0x02,
0x75, 0x01, 0x95, 0x02, 0x81, 0x03, 0x0B, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0xA1, 0x00, 0x0B, 0x30, 0x00,
0x01, 0x00, 0x0B, 0x31, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x0B, 0x32, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x0B, 0x35, 0x00, 0x01,
0x00, 0x15, 0x00, 0x27, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00, 0x75, 0x10, 0x95, 0x04, 0x81, 0x02, 0xC0, 0x0B,
0x39, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x15, 0x00, 0x25, 0x07, 0x35, 0x00, 0x46, 0x3B, 0x01, 0x65, 0x14, 0x75,
0x04, 0x95, 0x01, 0x81, 0x02, 0x05, 0x09, 0x19, 0x0F, 0x29, 0x12, 0x15, 0x00, 0x25, 0x01, 0x75,
0x01, 0x95, 0x04, 0x81, 0x02, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x34, 0x81, 0x03, 0x06, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x85, 0x21,
0x09, 0x01, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x3F, 0x81, 0x03, 0x85, 0x81, 0x09, 0x02, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x3F,
0x81, 0x03, 0x85, 0x01, 0x09, 0x03, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x3F, 0x91, 0x83, 0x85, 0x10, 0x09, 0x04,
0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x3F, 0x91, 0x83, 0x85, 0x80, 0x09, 0x05, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x3F, 0x91, 0x83,
0x85, 0x82, 0x09, 0x06, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x3F, 0x91, 0x83, 0xC0,
];
/// Every input report we emit is the full USB size (the driver requires ≥ 49 for `0x21`).
pub const SWITCH_REPORT_LEN: usize = 64;
/// Stick raw center + full-deflection range of OUR virtual pad's calibration (12-bit axis).
/// The factory blobs below advertise exactly this, so the driver maps
/// `center ± range → ∓/± 32767` — one clean linear scale from the wire values.
pub const STICK_CENTER: u16 = 2048;
pub const STICK_RANGE: u16 = 1400;
/// `battery and connection info` byte (report byte 2): high 3 bits = level (4 = full),
/// BIT(4) = charging, BIT(0) = host powered — "full + charging + wired", so no low-battery
/// warnings ever.
pub const BAT_CON_FULL_WIRED: u8 = 0x91;
/// `vibrator_report` (report byte 12): must be non-zero or the driver stops pumping its rumble
/// queue (`joycon_ctlr_read_handler` gates on it). Real hardware sends 0x70-ish.
pub const VIBRATOR_READY: u8 = 0x70;
// Button bits of the 24-bit little-endian button field (report bytes 3..6), per the kernel's
// JC_BTN_* defines.
pub mod btn {
pub const Y: u32 = 1 << 0;
pub const X: u32 = 1 << 1;
pub const B: u32 = 1 << 2;
pub const A: u32 = 1 << 3;
pub const R: u32 = 1 << 6;
pub const ZR: u32 = 1 << 7;
pub const MINUS: u32 = 1 << 8;
pub const PLUS: u32 = 1 << 9;
pub const RSTICK: u32 = 1 << 10;
pub const LSTICK: u32 = 1 << 11;
pub const HOME: u32 = 1 << 12;
pub const CAPTURE: u32 = 1 << 13;
pub const DOWN: u32 = 1 << 16;
pub const UP: u32 = 1 << 17;
pub const RIGHT: u32 = 1 << 18;
pub const LEFT: u32 = 1 << 19;
pub const L: u32 = 1 << 22;
pub const ZL: u32 = 1 << 23;
}
/// Full Pro Controller state serialized into report `0x30` (and the `0x21` reply headers).
/// Sticks are the RAW 12-bit values ([`STICK_CENTER`]-centered); motion is raw IMU units.
#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
pub struct SwitchState {
/// 24-bit `JC_BTN_*` field.
pub buttons: u32,
pub lx: u16,
pub ly: u16,
pub rx: u16,
pub ry: u16,
/// Raw gyro (≈14.247 LSB/°·s) and accel (4096 LSB/g), driver axis order x/y/z.
pub gyro: [i16; 3],
pub accel: [i16; 3],
}
impl SwitchState {
/// Centered sticks, nothing pressed, flat at rest (1 g on +Z — a pad lying on the desk, so
/// SDL/games don't see a free-falling controller).
pub fn neutral() -> SwitchState {
SwitchState {
buttons: 0,
lx: STICK_CENTER,
ly: STICK_CENTER,
rx: STICK_CENTER,
ry: STICK_CENTER,
gyro: [0; 3],
accel: [0, 0, 4096],
}
}
/// Map a GameStream/XInput pad frame into Pro Controller state. Face buttons are mapped
/// **positionally** (wire A = south → Switch B, etc. — see the module doc); triggers are
/// digital on a Pro Controller, so any analog pull presses ZL/ZR. The wire paddles have no
/// Switch slot — fold them via [`super::steam_remap`] BEFORE calling this (like the
/// DualSense-family backends do).
pub fn from_gamepad(
buttons: u32,
lx: i16,
ly: i16,
rx: i16,
ry: i16,
lt: u8,
rt: u8,
) -> SwitchState {
let on = |bit: u32| buttons & bit != 0;
let mut b = 0u32;
// Positional: wire south/east/west/north → the Switch button at that position.
if on(gs::BTN_A) {
b |= btn::B; // south
}
if on(gs::BTN_B) {
b |= btn::A; // east
}
if on(gs::BTN_X) {
b |= btn::Y; // west
}
if on(gs::BTN_Y) {
b |= btn::X; // north
}
if on(gs::BTN_LB) {
b |= btn::L;
}
if on(gs::BTN_RB) {
b |= btn::R;
}
if lt > 0 {
b |= btn::ZL;
}
if rt > 0 {
b |= btn::ZR;
}
if on(gs::BTN_BACK) {
b |= btn::MINUS;
}
if on(gs::BTN_START) {
b |= btn::PLUS;
}
if on(gs::BTN_LS_CLICK) {
b |= btn::LSTICK;
}
if on(gs::BTN_RS_CLICK) {
b |= btn::RSTICK;
}
if on(gs::BTN_GUIDE) {
b |= btn::HOME;
}
if on(gs::BTN_MISC1) {
b |= btn::CAPTURE;
}
if on(gs::BTN_DPAD_UP) {
b |= btn::UP;
}
if on(gs::BTN_DPAD_DOWN) {
b |= btn::DOWN;
}
if on(gs::BTN_DPAD_LEFT) {
b |= btn::LEFT;
}
if on(gs::BTN_DPAD_RIGHT) {
b |= btn::RIGHT;
}
SwitchState {
buttons: b,
lx: stick_raw(lx),
ly: stick_raw(ly),
rx: stick_raw(rx),
ry: stick_raw(ry),
..SwitchState::neutral()
}
}
/// Apply a wire motion sample (DualSense-convention units) as raw IMU values. No axis flip:
/// both conventions are x-toward-triggers / z-up for a Pro Controller held like a DualSense,
/// and the driver applies no negation for the Pro (only the right Joy-Con negates).
pub fn apply_motion(&mut self, gyro: [i16; 3], accel: [i16; 3]) {
// gyro: wire 20 LSB/°·s → raw 14.247 LSB/°·s; accel: wire 10000 LSB/g → raw 4096 LSB/g.
self.gyro = gyro.map(|v| ((v as i32 * 14247) / 20000) as i16);
self.accel = accel.map(|v| ((v as i32 * 4096) / 10000) as i16);
}
}
/// Wire stick value (i16, +32767 = right/up) → raw 12-bit axis. The driver Y-negates BOTH the
/// wire's and evdev's conventions away: it computes `evdev_y = -scale(raw_y)`, and evdev's
/// gamepad convention is negative-up — so wire +y (up) maps to raw above-center, exactly like x.
pub fn stick_raw(v: i16) -> u16 {
let raw = STICK_CENTER as i32 + (v as i32 * STICK_RANGE as i32) / 32767;
raw.clamp(0, 0xFFF) as u16
}
/// Pack two 12-bit values into the 3-byte stick / calibration wire form
/// (`hid_field_extract` little-endian bitfield order).
pub fn pack12(a: u16, b: u16) -> [u8; 3] {
[
(a & 0xFF) as u8,
((a >> 8) & 0x0F) as u8 | ((b & 0x0F) << 4) as u8,
((b >> 4) & 0xFF) as u8,
]
}
/// Write the shared 13-byte input-state header (report id .. `vibrator_report`) that both the
/// `0x30` stream and every `0x21` subcommand reply carry.
fn write_header(r: &mut [u8; SWITCH_REPORT_LEN], id: u8, st: &SwitchState, timer: u8) {
r[0] = id;
r[1] = timer;
r[2] = BAT_CON_FULL_WIRED;
r[3] = (st.buttons & 0xFF) as u8;
r[4] = ((st.buttons >> 8) & 0xFF) as u8;
r[5] = ((st.buttons >> 16) & 0xFF) as u8;
r[6..9].copy_from_slice(&pack12(st.lx, st.ly));
r[9..12].copy_from_slice(&pack12(st.rx, st.ry));
r[12] = VIBRATOR_READY;
}
/// Serialize the full/standard input report `0x30`: state header + 3 IMU sample frames
/// (accel x/y/z then gyro x/y/z, i16 LE — `struct joycon_imu_data`). We repeat the current
/// sample across all three 5 ms sub-frames (we sample per report, not per sub-frame).
pub fn serialize_report_0x30(st: &SwitchState, timer: u8) -> [u8; SWITCH_REPORT_LEN] {
let mut r = [0u8; SWITCH_REPORT_LEN];
write_header(&mut r, 0x30, st, timer);
for frame in 0..3 {
let off = 13 + frame * 12;
for (i, v) in st.accel.iter().enumerate() {
r[off + i * 2..off + i * 2 + 2].copy_from_slice(&v.to_le_bytes());
}
for (i, v) in st.gyro.iter().enumerate() {
r[off + 6 + i * 2..off + 6 + i * 2 + 2].copy_from_slice(&v.to_le_bytes());
}
}
r
}
/// Build the `0x81 <cmd>` input report acknowledging a USB `0x80 <cmd>` command
/// (`joycon_send_usb` matches exactly those two bytes).
pub fn build_usb_ack(cmd: u8) -> [u8; SWITCH_REPORT_LEN] {
let mut r = [0u8; SWITCH_REPORT_LEN];
r[0] = 0x81;
r[1] = cmd;
r
}
/// Build a `0x21` subcommand reply: state header, then ack / echoed subcommand id / payload.
/// The driver matches on the echoed id only; the MSB-set ack byte mirrors real hardware
/// (`0x80` plain ack, `0x80 | data-type` when a payload follows).
pub fn build_subcmd_reply(
st: &SwitchState,
timer: u8,
ack: u8,
subcmd: u8,
payload: &[u8],
) -> [u8; SWITCH_REPORT_LEN] {
let mut r = [0u8; SWITCH_REPORT_LEN];
write_header(&mut r, 0x21, st, timer);
r[13] = ack;
r[14] = subcmd;
let n = payload.len().min(SWITCH_REPORT_LEN - 15);
r[15..15 + n].copy_from_slice(&payload[..n]);
r
}
/// The device-info payload (subcommand `0x02`): firmware 4.33, type `0x03` = **Pro Controller**
/// (`ctlr_type` — the value that selects the Pro button/stick/IMU paths), `0x02`, the 6-byte
/// MAC (parsed into `ctlr->mac_addr`, printed + used as the input devices' `uniq`), `0x01`,
/// and `0x01` = "colors in SPI" (not read by the driver).
pub fn device_info_payload(mac: &[u8; 6]) -> [u8; 12] {
let mut p = [0u8; 12];
p[0] = 0x04;
p[1] = 0x21;
p[2] = 0x03; // JOYCON_CTLR_TYPE_PRO
p[3] = 0x02;
p[4..10].copy_from_slice(mac);
p[10] = 0x01;
p[11] = 0x01;
p
}
/// A stable per-pad virtual MAC (Nintendo OUI + our index) — the driver requires one from
/// device info and keys the input devices' `uniq` off it.
pub fn switch_mac(index: u8) -> [u8; 6] {
[0x7C, 0xBB, 0x8A, 0xDF, 0x00, index]
}
/// The canned SPI-flash contents (subcommand `0x10`): reply payload = echoed LE address +
/// echoed length + the flash bytes. `None` for an unmapped range (the caller then replies with
/// zeroes — the driver falls back to defaults rather than aborting).
///
/// Served ranges:
/// - `0x8010`/`0x801B`/`0x8026` (user-cal magics, 2 B): NOT `0xB2 0xA1` → user cal absent, the
/// driver takes the factory path.
/// - `0x603D`/`0x6046` (factory stick cal, 9 B): [`STICK_CENTER`] ± [`STICK_RANGE`] on every
/// axis. **Byte order differs**: left = max-above ++ center ++ min-below; right = center ++
/// min-below ++ max-above (`joycon_read_stick_calibration`).
/// - `0x6020` (factory IMU cal, 24 B): offsets 0, accel scale 16384, gyro scale 13371 — the
/// driver's own defaults, making its per-sample math the identity (accel) / ×1000 (gyro).
pub fn spi_flash_read(addr: u32, len: u8) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
let cal_pair = pack12(STICK_RANGE, STICK_RANGE);
let center_pair = pack12(STICK_CENTER, STICK_CENTER);
let data: Vec<u8> = match (addr, len) {
(0x8010 | 0x801B | 0x8026, 2) => vec![0xFF, 0xFF],
(0x603D, 9) => [cal_pair, center_pair, cal_pair].concat(),
(0x6046, 9) => [center_pair, cal_pair, cal_pair].concat(),
(0x6020, 24) => {
let mut v = Vec::with_capacity(24);
v.extend_from_slice(&[0u8; 6]); // accel offsets = 0
for _ in 0..3 {
v.extend_from_slice(&16384u16.to_le_bytes()); // accel scale (driver default)
}
v.extend_from_slice(&[0u8; 6]); // gyro offsets = 0
for _ in 0..3 {
v.extend_from_slice(&13371u16.to_le_bytes()); // gyro scale (driver default)
}
v
}
_ => return None,
};
let mut payload = Vec::with_capacity(5 + data.len());
payload.extend_from_slice(&addr.to_le_bytes());
payload.push(len);
payload.extend_from_slice(&data);
Some(payload)
}
/// One decoded host-bound output report from the driver.
pub enum SwitchOutput {
/// `0x80 <cmd>` USB command — answer with [`build_usb_ack`].
UsbCmd(u8),
/// `0x01` subcommand (with its rumble bytes) — answer with a `0x21` reply.
Subcmd {
id: u8,
/// Subcommand argument bytes (report bytes 11..).
args: Vec<u8>,
/// Decoded rumble `(low, high)` magnitudes.
rumble: (u16, u16),
},
/// `0x10` rumble-only report — no reply expected.
Rumble((u16, u16)),
}
/// Parse one output report from the driver. Returns `None` for anything unrecognized/short.
pub fn parse_output(data: &[u8]) -> Option<SwitchOutput> {
match *data.first()? {
0x80 => Some(SwitchOutput::UsbCmd(*data.get(1)?)),
0x01 if data.len() >= 11 => Some(SwitchOutput::Subcmd {
id: data[10],
args: data.get(11..).map(|s| s.to_vec()).unwrap_or_default(),
rumble: decode_rumble(&data[2..10]),
}),
0x10 if data.len() >= 10 => Some(SwitchOutput::Rumble(decode_rumble(&data[2..10]))),
_ => None,
}
}
/// The driver's `joycon_rumble_amplitudes` table, amplitude column only, indexed by
/// `amp_high / 2` (the encoded high-band amplitude byte is always even). Copied verbatim from
/// hid-nintendo.c; last entry = `joycon_max_rumble_amp` (1003).
#[rustfmt::skip]
const RUMBLE_AMPS: [u16; 101] = [
0, 10, 12, 14, 17, 20, 24, 28, 33, 40,
47, 56, 67, 80, 95, 112, 117, 123, 128, 134,
140, 146, 152, 159, 166, 173, 181, 189, 198, 206,
215, 225, 230, 235, 240, 245, 251, 256, 262, 268,
273, 279, 286, 292, 298, 305, 311, 318, 325, 332,
340, 347, 355, 362, 370, 378, 387, 395, 404, 413,
422, 431, 440, 450, 460, 470, 480, 491, 501, 512,
524, 535, 547, 559, 571, 584, 596, 609, 623, 636,
650, 665, 679, 694, 709, 725, 741, 757, 773, 790,
808, 825, 843, 862, 881, 900, 920, 940, 960, 981,
1003,
];
/// Invert the driver's per-side rumble encoding back to the 0..=0xFFFF magnitude it scaled
/// from: byte1's even bits carry the amplitude-table index × 2 (`data[1] = freq_high_lo +
/// amp.high`, where the freq contribution is only ever bit 0).
fn side_amplitude(side: &[u8]) -> u16 {
let idx = ((side[1] & 0xFE) / 2) as usize;
let amp = RUMBLE_AMPS[idx.min(RUMBLE_AMPS.len() - 1)] as u32;
// Driver: amp = magnitude * 1003 / 65535 — invert, saturating at full scale.
((amp * 65535) / 1003).min(65535) as u16
}
/// Decode the 8 rumble bytes (left side = strong → wire `low`, right side = weak → wire
/// `high`, per `joycon_play_effect`).
pub fn decode_rumble(bytes: &[u8]) -> (u16, u16) {
if bytes.len() < 8 {
return (0, 0);
}
(side_amplitude(&bytes[..4]), side_amplitude(&bytes[4..8]))
}
/// Decode a player-lights subcommand payload (`(flash << 4) | on`, one bit per LED) into the
/// wire `PlayerLeds` bits: a flashing LED counts as on.
pub fn player_leds_bits(arg: u8) -> u8 {
(arg & 0x0F) | (arg >> 4)
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
/// The positional swap, pinned: wire south/east/west/north land on the Switch B/A/Y/X bits
/// (the driver then maps them back to BTN_SOUTH/EAST/WEST/NORTH — position-correct
/// end-to-end), and the rest of the buttons land on their JC_BTN_* bits.
#[test]
fn positional_swap_and_button_bits() {
let st = SwitchState::from_gamepad(gs::BTN_A, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
assert_eq!(st.buttons, btn::B);
let st = SwitchState::from_gamepad(gs::BTN_B, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
assert_eq!(st.buttons, btn::A);
let st = SwitchState::from_gamepad(gs::BTN_X, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
assert_eq!(st.buttons, btn::Y);
let st = SwitchState::from_gamepad(gs::BTN_Y, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
assert_eq!(st.buttons, btn::X);
// Shoulders / sticks / meta / dpad / triggers-as-digital.
let st = SwitchState::from_gamepad(
gs::BTN_LB | gs::BTN_RB | gs::BTN_BACK | gs::BTN_START | gs::BTN_GUIDE | gs::BTN_MISC1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
255,
1,
);
assert_eq!(
st.buttons,
btn::L | btn::R | btn::MINUS | btn::PLUS | btn::HOME | btn::CAPTURE | btn::ZL | btn::ZR
);
let st = SwitchState::from_gamepad(gs::BTN_DPAD_UP | gs::BTN_DPAD_LEFT, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
assert_eq!(st.buttons, btn::UP | btn::LEFT);
}
/// Sticks: wire full deflection → center ± range on the raw 12-bit axis, both axes the same
/// direction (the driver's own Y negation restores evdev's negative-up).
#[test]
fn stick_scaling() {
assert_eq!(stick_raw(0), STICK_CENTER);
assert_eq!(stick_raw(32767), STICK_CENTER + STICK_RANGE);
assert_eq!(stick_raw(-32767), STICK_CENTER - STICK_RANGE);
// Extreme min doesn't underflow past the 12-bit range.
assert!(stick_raw(i16::MIN) <= 0xFFF);
}
/// The 3-byte 12-bit packing matches `hid_field_extract`'s little-endian bitfield order:
/// value A at bit 0, value B at bit 12.
#[test]
fn pack12_layout() {
assert_eq!(pack12(0x578, 0x578), [0x78, 0x85, 0x57]); // 1400/1400 (the cal pair)
assert_eq!(pack12(0x800, 0x800), [0x00, 0x08, 0x80]); // 2048/2048 (the center pair)
// Extract back: a = b0 | (b1 & 0xF) << 8; b = (b1 >> 4) | b2 << 4.
let p = pack12(0xABC, 0x123);
let a = p[0] as u16 | ((p[1] as u16 & 0xF) << 8);
let b = ((p[1] as u16) >> 4) | ((p[2] as u16) << 4);
assert_eq!((a, b), (0xABC, 0x123));
}
/// Report 0x30 layout, pinned against `struct joycon_input_report` + `joycon_imu_data`:
/// header bytes, packed sticks, and the 3 × 12-byte IMU frames (accel then gyro, LE).
#[test]
fn report_0x30_layout() {
let mut st = SwitchState::neutral();
st.buttons = btn::B | btn::MINUS | btn::ZL;
st.gyro = [0x1122, -2, 3];
st.accel = [-1, 0x3344, 5];
let r = serialize_report_0x30(&st, 7);
assert_eq!(r[0], 0x30);
assert_eq!(r[1], 7);
assert_eq!(r[2], BAT_CON_FULL_WIRED);
assert_eq!(r[3], 0x04); // B = bit 2
assert_eq!(r[4], 0x01); // MINUS = bit 8
assert_eq!(r[5], 0x80); // ZL = bit 23
assert_eq!(&r[6..9], &pack12(STICK_CENTER, STICK_CENTER));
assert_eq!(&r[9..12], &pack12(STICK_CENTER, STICK_CENTER));
assert_eq!(r[12], VIBRATOR_READY);
// Frame 0 at byte 13: accel x/y/z then gyro x/y/z, i16 LE.
assert_eq!(&r[13..15], &(-1i16).to_le_bytes());
assert_eq!(&r[15..17], &0x3344u16.to_le_bytes());
assert_eq!(&r[19..21], &0x1122u16.to_le_bytes());
// Frames repeat identically at +12 and +24.
assert_eq!(&r[13..25], &r[25..37]);
assert_eq!(&r[13..25], &r[37..49]);
}
/// Subcommand replies: ≥ 49 bytes (we send 64), ack at byte 13, echoed id at byte 14 (the
/// ONLY byte the driver's matcher checks), payload from byte 15.
#[test]
fn subcmd_reply_layout() {
let st = SwitchState::neutral();
let r = build_subcmd_reply(&st, 3, 0x90, 0x10, &[0xAA, 0xBB]);
assert_eq!(r.len(), SWITCH_REPORT_LEN);
assert_eq!(r[0], 0x21);
assert_eq!(r[13], 0x90);
assert_eq!(r[14], 0x10);
assert_eq!(&r[15..17], &[0xAA, 0xBB]);
// USB ack: exactly the two bytes joycon_send_usb matches.
let a = build_usb_ack(0x02);
assert_eq!((a[0], a[1]), (0x81, 0x02));
}
/// SPI blobs: magics read as ABSENT (≠ B2 A1); the stick blobs put center strictly between
/// min and max on both axes in the driver's per-side byte order; the reply echoes addr+len.
#[test]
fn spi_blobs_valid() {
for addr in [0x8010u32, 0x801B, 0x8026] {
let p = spi_flash_read(addr, 2).unwrap();
assert_eq!(&p[..4], &addr.to_le_bytes());
assert_eq!(p[4], 2);
assert!(!(p[5] == 0xB2 && p[6] == 0xA1));
}
let unpack = |b: &[u8]| -> (u16, u16) {
let a = b[0] as u16 | ((b[1] as u16 & 0xF) << 8);
let y = ((b[1] as u16) >> 4) | ((b[2] as u16) << 4);
(a, y)
};
// Left: max-above ++ center ++ min-below.
let l = spi_flash_read(0x603D, 9).unwrap();
let (data, hdr) = (&l[5..], &l[..5]);
assert_eq!(hdr, &[0x3D, 0x60, 0, 0, 9]);
let (max_above, _) = unpack(&data[0..3]);
let (center, _) = unpack(&data[3..6]);
let (min_below, _) = unpack(&data[6..9]);
assert_eq!(center, STICK_CENTER);
assert!(center - min_below < center && center < center + max_above);
// Right: center ++ min-below ++ max-above.
let r = spi_flash_read(0x6046, 9).unwrap();
let (rc, _) = unpack(&r[5..8]);
assert_eq!(rc, STICK_CENTER);
// IMU: offsets 0, driver-default scales — the identity calibration.
let imu = spi_flash_read(0x6020, 24).unwrap();
let d = &imu[5..];
assert_eq!(&d[0..6], &[0; 6]);
assert_eq!(&d[6..8], &16384u16.to_le_bytes());
assert_eq!(&d[12..18], &[0; 6]);
assert_eq!(&d[18..20], &13371u16.to_le_bytes());
// Unmapped range → None.
assert!(spi_flash_read(0x6050, 12).is_none());
}
/// Motion unit conversion: wire (20 LSB/°·s, 10000 LSB/g) → raw (14.247 LSB/°·s, 4096 LSB/g).
#[test]
fn motion_units() {
let mut st = SwitchState::neutral();
// 100 °/s = wire 2000 → raw ≈ 1424; 1 g = wire 10000 → raw 4096.
st.apply_motion([2000, 0, -2000], [10000, -10000, 0]);
assert_eq!(st.gyro, [1424, 0, -1424]);
assert_eq!(st.accel, [4096, -4096, 0]);
}
/// Rumble decode inverts the driver's encoder: a neutral packet decodes to silence; the
/// max-amplitude packet decodes to full scale; left = low/strong, right = high/weak.
#[test]
fn rumble_decode() {
// Neutral per the driver's tables: freq defaults + amp 0.
let neutral = [0x00, 0x01, 0x40, 0x40, 0x00, 0x01, 0x40, 0x40];
assert_eq!(decode_rumble(&neutral), (0, 0));
// Max amp (0xC8 → index 100 → 1003 → 65535) on the LEFT only → (low=full, high=0).
let left_max = [0x00, 0xC8, 0x40, 0x72, 0x00, 0x01, 0x40, 0x40];
assert_eq!(decode_rumble(&left_max), (65535, 0));
// Mid-table on the right: amp_high 0x20 → index 16 → 117 → 117*65535/1003 = 7644.
let right_mid = [0x00, 0x01, 0x40, 0x40, 0x00, 0x20, 0x48, 0x40];
assert_eq!(decode_rumble(&right_mid), (0, 7644));
// The freq bit riding data[1] bit0 must not disturb the amplitude index.
let with_freq_bit = [0x00, 0x21, 0x48, 0x40, 0x00, 0x01, 0x40, 0x40];
assert_eq!(decode_rumble(&with_freq_bit).0, 7644);
// Short slice → silence, not a panic.
assert_eq!(decode_rumble(&[0x10; 4]), (0, 0));
}
/// Output-report parse: the three shapes the driver sends.
#[test]
fn parse_output_shapes() {
assert!(matches!(
parse_output(&[0x80, 0x02]),
Some(SwitchOutput::UsbCmd(0x02))
));
let mut sub = vec![0x01, 0x05];
sub.extend_from_slice(&[0x00, 0x01, 0x40, 0x40, 0x00, 0x01, 0x40, 0x40]);
sub.push(0x10); // subcmd id
sub.extend_from_slice(&[0x3D, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00, 0x09]); // SPI addr+len args
match parse_output(&sub) {
Some(SwitchOutput::Subcmd { id, args, rumble }) => {
assert_eq!(id, 0x10);
assert_eq!(&args[..5], &[0x3D, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00, 0x09]);
assert_eq!(rumble, (0, 0));
}
_ => panic!("expected subcmd"),
}
let mut rum = vec![0x10, 0x06];
rum.extend_from_slice(&[0x00, 0xC8, 0x40, 0x72, 0x00, 0x01, 0x40, 0x40]);
assert!(matches!(
parse_output(&rum),
Some(SwitchOutput::Rumble((65535, 0)))
));
assert!(parse_output(&[0x21]).is_none());
assert!(parse_output(&[]).is_none());
}
/// Player lights: solid + flashing nibbles both count as lit.
#[test]
fn player_lights() {
assert_eq!(player_leds_bits(0x01), 0b0001);
assert_eq!(player_leds_bits(0x10), 0b0001); // flashing LED 1
assert_eq!(player_leds_bits(0x23), 0b0011 | 0b0010);
}
/// Device info: type byte 0x03 (Pro Controller) at payload[2], MAC at [4..10].
#[test]
fn device_info_shape() {
let mac = switch_mac(3);
let p = device_info_payload(&mac);
assert_eq!(p[2], 0x03);
assert_eq!(&p[4..10], &mac);
assert_eq!(mac[5], 3);
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,449 @@
//! Transport-independent contract for the virtual **Steam Controller 2** (2026, Valve "Ibex" /
//! SDL "Triton", wired `28DE:1302`) — the as-is passthrough sibling of [`super::steam_proto`].
//!
//! Unlike the Deck/classic-SC backends, this device is NOT re-synthesized from typed wire state:
//! the client captures the physical controller (USB Puck / wired / BLE) and forwards its raw
//! input reports verbatim ([`RichInput::HidReport`](punktfunk_core::quic::RichInput)); the host
//! mirrors them out unchanged, and everything the host's hidraw consumer writes back (Steam's
//! lizard-off / IMU-enable feature reports, `0x80` rumble output reports) is forwarded raw to the
//! client for replay on the real controller ([`HidOutput::HidRaw`](punktfunk_core::quic::HidOutput)).
//! Mainline `hid-steam` does not bind this PID, so no kernel evdev exists — **Steam Input is the
//! consumer**, driving the hidraw node exactly as it drives the physical pad.
//!
//! Protocol ground truth: SDL's `SDL_hidapi_steam_triton.c` + `steam/controller_structs.h`
//! (Valve-maintained). Input report ids `0x42`/`0x45` (`TritonMTUNoQuat_t`, 46 bytes with id),
//! `0x47` (adds a trackpad timestamp), `0x43` battery, `0x46`/`0x79` wireless status. Feature
//! reports are 64 bytes on report id `1`; haptics are OUTPUT reports `0x80..=0x85`.
//!
//! A typed **fallback synthesizer** is kept for the degraded case (a client that declared the
//! kind but sends no raw feed): buttons/sticks/triggers from the ordinary gamepad plane are
//! serialized into a minimal `0x42` state report. The first raw report permanently switches the
//! pad to as-is mode.
use punktfunk_core::input::gamepad as gs;
/// Valve vendor id (same as [`super::steam_proto::STEAM_VENDOR`], repeated to keep this module
/// self-contained).
pub const TRITON_VENDOR: u32 = 0x28DE;
/// The wired Steam Controller 2 identity the virtual pad presents. The BLE (`0x1303`) and Puck
/// dongle (`0x1304`/`0x1305`) identities are client-side transports only — Steam treats the wired
/// PID as the canonical controller.
pub const TRITON_WIRED_PRODUCT: u32 = 0x1302;
/// Triton input-report ids (`ETritonReportIDTypes`, SDL `controller_structs.h`).
pub const ID_TRITON_CONTROLLER_STATE: u8 = 0x42;
pub const ID_TRITON_BATTERY_STATUS: u8 = 0x43;
pub const ID_TRITON_CONTROLLER_STATE_BLE: u8 = 0x45;
pub const ID_TRITON_CONTROLLER_STATE_TIMESTAMP: u8 = 0x47;
/// Haptic OUTPUT report ids (`ID_OUT_REPORT_*`). Only rumble is parsed host-side (for the
/// universal 0xCA plane); every output report is forwarded raw regardless.
pub const ID_OUT_REPORT_HAPTIC_RUMBLE: u8 = 0x80;
/// Physical `0x42` state report size: one report-id byte plus 53 payload bytes.
pub const TRITON_REPORT_LEN: usize = 64;
pub const TRITON_STATE_LEN: usize = 54;
/// The physical Triton HID report descriptor, captured byte-for-byte from both wired `28DE:1302`
/// and Puck `28DE:1304` controller interfaces. Its numbered reports are part of the protocol:
/// inputs `0x40``0x45`/`0x79`/`0x7B`, outputs `0x80``0x89`, and feature channels `1` and `2`.
/// In particular, Puck connection and bond queries use feature report 2; an unnumbered minimal
/// descriptor makes hidraw frame those queries incorrectly and Steam eventually closes the device.
#[rustfmt::skip]
pub const TRITON_RDESC: &[u8] = &[
0x05, 0x01, 0x09, 0x02, 0xA1, 0x01, 0x85, 0x40, 0x09, 0x01, 0xA1, 0x00,
0x05, 0x09, 0x19, 0x01, 0x29, 0x02, 0x15, 0x00, 0x25, 0x01, 0x75, 0x01,
0x95, 0x02, 0x81, 0x02, 0x75, 0x06, 0x95, 0x01, 0x81, 0x01, 0x05, 0x01,
0x09, 0x30, 0x09, 0x31, 0x15, 0x81, 0x25, 0x7F, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x02,
0x81, 0x06, 0x95, 0x01, 0x09, 0x38, 0x81, 0x06, 0x05, 0x0C, 0x0A, 0x38,
0x02, 0x95, 0x01, 0x81, 0x06, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0x05, 0x01, 0x09, 0x06, 0xA1,
0x01, 0x85, 0x41, 0x05, 0x07, 0x19, 0xE0, 0x29, 0xE7, 0x15, 0x00, 0x25,
0x01, 0x75, 0x01, 0x95, 0x08, 0x81, 0x02, 0x81, 0x01, 0x19, 0x00, 0x29,
0x65, 0x15, 0x00, 0x25, 0x65, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x06, 0x81, 0x00, 0xC0,
0x06, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x09, 0x01, 0xA1, 0x01, 0x85, 0x42, 0x15, 0x00, 0x26,
0xFF, 0x00, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x35, 0x09, 0x42, 0x81, 0x02, 0x85, 0x44,
0x15, 0x00, 0x26, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x05, 0x09, 0x44, 0x81,
0x02, 0x85, 0x79, 0x15, 0x00, 0x26, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x01,
0x09, 0x79, 0x81, 0x02, 0x85, 0x43, 0x15, 0x00, 0x26, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x75,
0x08, 0x95, 0x0E, 0x09, 0x43, 0x81, 0x02, 0x85, 0x7B, 0x15, 0x00, 0x26,
0xFF, 0x00, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x0C, 0x09, 0x7B, 0x81, 0x02, 0x85, 0x45,
0x15, 0x00, 0x26, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x2D, 0x09, 0x45, 0x81,
0x02, 0x85, 0x80, 0x15, 0x00, 0x26, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x09,
0x09, 0x80, 0x91, 0x02, 0x85, 0x81, 0x15, 0x00, 0x26, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x75,
0x08, 0x95, 0x07, 0x09, 0x81, 0x91, 0x02, 0x85, 0x82, 0x15, 0x00, 0x26,
0xFF, 0x00, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x03, 0x09, 0x82, 0x91, 0x02, 0x85, 0x83,
0x15, 0x00, 0x26, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x09, 0x09, 0x83, 0x91,
0x02, 0x85, 0x84, 0x15, 0x00, 0x26, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x08,
0x09, 0x84, 0x91, 0x02, 0x85, 0x85, 0x15, 0x00, 0x26, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x75,
0x08, 0x95, 0x03, 0x09, 0x85, 0x91, 0x02, 0x85, 0x86, 0x15, 0x00, 0x26,
0xFF, 0x00, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x03, 0x09, 0x86, 0x91, 0x02, 0x85, 0x87,
0x15, 0x00, 0x26, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x3F, 0x09, 0x87, 0x91,
0x02, 0x85, 0x89, 0x15, 0x00, 0x26, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x75, 0x08, 0x95, 0x3F,
0x09, 0x89, 0x91, 0x02, 0x85, 0x88, 0x15, 0x00, 0x26, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x75,
0x08, 0x95, 0x3F, 0x09, 0x88, 0x91, 0x02, 0x85, 0x01, 0x95, 0x3F, 0x09,
0x01, 0xB1, 0x02, 0x85, 0x02, 0x95, 0x3F, 0x09, 0x01, 0xB1, 0x02, 0xC0,
];
/// Triton button bits in the state report's `buttons` u32 — transcribed verbatim from SDL's
/// `TritonButtons`. Only the bits the typed fallback synthesizes are named; the raw path carries
/// whatever the physical pad set.
pub mod tbtn {
pub const A: u32 = 0x0000_0001;
pub const B: u32 = 0x0000_0002;
pub const X: u32 = 0x0000_0004;
pub const Y: u32 = 0x0000_0008;
pub const QAM: u32 = 0x0000_0010;
pub const R3: u32 = 0x0000_0020;
pub const VIEW: u32 = 0x0000_0040;
pub const R4: u32 = 0x0000_0080;
pub const R5: u32 = 0x0000_0100;
pub const RB: u32 = 0x0000_0200;
pub const DPAD_DOWN: u32 = 0x0000_0400;
pub const DPAD_RIGHT: u32 = 0x0000_0800;
pub const DPAD_LEFT: u32 = 0x0000_1000;
pub const DPAD_UP: u32 = 0x0000_2000;
pub const MENU: u32 = 0x0000_4000;
pub const L3: u32 = 0x0000_8000;
pub const STEAM: u32 = 0x0001_0000;
pub const L4: u32 = 0x0002_0000;
pub const L5: u32 = 0x0004_0000;
pub const LB: u32 = 0x0008_0000;
pub const RPAD_TOUCH: u32 = 0x0020_0000;
pub const RPAD_CLICK: u32 = 0x0040_0000;
pub const RT_CLICK: u32 = 0x0080_0000;
pub const LPAD_TOUCH: u32 = 0x0200_0000;
pub const LPAD_CLICK: u32 = 0x0400_0000;
pub const LT_CLICK: u32 = 0x0800_0000;
}
/// One virtual Triton pad's report state. In as-is mode (`raw_len > 0`) the raw report IS the
/// state; the typed fields only feed the fallback synthesizer until the first raw report lands.
#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
pub struct TritonState {
/// The last raw report the client forwarded (report-id byte first); `raw_len == 0` until the
/// first one arrives, after which the typed fields below stop mattering.
pub raw: [u8; TRITON_REPORT_LEN],
pub raw_len: u8,
/// Typed fallback fields (Triton bit layout / raw axis units), from the ordinary wire plane.
pub buttons: u32,
pub lt: u16,
pub rt: u16,
pub lx: i16,
pub ly: i16,
pub rx: i16,
pub ry: i16,
}
impl TritonState {
pub fn neutral() -> TritonState {
TritonState {
raw: [0u8; TRITON_REPORT_LEN],
raw_len: 0,
buttons: 0,
lt: 0,
rt: 0,
lx: 0,
ly: 0,
rx: 0,
ry: 0,
}
}
/// Typed fallback: fold one wire button/stick frame into Triton fields. Mapping follows the
/// Deck backend's conventions (PADDLE1/2/3/4 = R4/L4/R5/L5, MISC1 = QAM, the DualSense
/// touchpad-click wire bit = right-pad click); sticks are already the device convention
/// (+y up), triggers scale 0..255 → 0..32767.
pub fn from_gamepad(
buttons: u32,
lx: i16,
ly: i16,
rx: i16,
ry: i16,
lt: u8,
rt: u8,
) -> TritonState {
let on = |bit: u32| buttons & bit != 0;
let trig = |v: u8| ((v as u32 * 32767) / 255) as u16;
let mut b = 0u32;
let set = |b: &mut u32, on: bool, m: u32| {
if on {
*b |= m;
}
};
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_A), tbtn::A);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_B), tbtn::B);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_X), tbtn::X);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_Y), tbtn::Y);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_LB), tbtn::LB);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_RB), tbtn::RB);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_BACK), tbtn::VIEW);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_START), tbtn::MENU);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_GUIDE), tbtn::STEAM);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_LS_CLICK), tbtn::L3);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_RS_CLICK), tbtn::R3);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_DPAD_UP), tbtn::DPAD_UP);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_DPAD_DOWN), tbtn::DPAD_DOWN);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_DPAD_LEFT), tbtn::DPAD_LEFT);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_DPAD_RIGHT), tbtn::DPAD_RIGHT);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_TOUCHPAD), tbtn::RPAD_CLICK);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_PADDLE1), tbtn::R4);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_PADDLE2), tbtn::L4);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_PADDLE3), tbtn::R5);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_PADDLE4), tbtn::L5);
set(&mut b, on(gs::BTN_MISC1), tbtn::QAM);
// "Fully pressed" digital shadow of the analog triggers (the physical pad's own
// threshold is a hard pull, not first-contact).
set(&mut b, lt >= 240, tbtn::LT_CLICK);
set(&mut b, rt >= 240, tbtn::RT_CLICK);
TritonState {
raw: [0u8; TRITON_REPORT_LEN],
raw_len: 0,
buttons: b,
lt: trig(lt),
rt: trig(rt),
lx,
ly,
rx,
ry,
}
}
}
/// Serialize the typed fallback state into a minimal `0x42` `TritonMTUNoQuat_t` report:
/// `[0x42][seq u8][buttons u32][trigL i16][trigR i16][sticks i16×4][lpad x/y + pressure]
/// [rpad x/y + pressure][imu ts u32 + accel i16×3 + gyro i16×3]` — pads and IMU stay zero
/// (no raw feed = no trackpad/motion source; Steam only sees IMU data after enabling
/// `SETTING_IMU_MODE` on a real feed anyway).
pub fn serialize_triton_state(buf: &mut [u8; TRITON_STATE_LEN], st: &TritonState, seq: u8) {
buf.fill(0);
buf[0] = ID_TRITON_CONTROLLER_STATE;
buf[1] = seq;
buf[2..6].copy_from_slice(&st.buttons.to_le_bytes());
buf[6..8].copy_from_slice(&(st.lt as i16).to_le_bytes());
buf[8..10].copy_from_slice(&(st.rt as i16).to_le_bytes());
buf[10..12].copy_from_slice(&st.lx.to_le_bytes());
buf[12..14].copy_from_slice(&st.ly.to_le_bytes());
buf[14..16].copy_from_slice(&st.rx.to_le_bytes());
buf[16..18].copy_from_slice(&st.ry.to_le_bytes());
// [18..30] left/right pad + pressures stay zero; [30..46] IMU stays zero.
}
/// One service pass's extracted feedback: the raw reports to forward (kind-tagged for
/// [`HidOutput::HidRaw`](punktfunk_core::quic::HidOutput)) plus the rumble level parsed out of a
/// `0x80` report for the universal 0xCA plane (drives the phone-mirror path on clients whose
/// physical pad already gets the raw report).
#[derive(Default)]
pub struct TritonFeedback {
/// `(low, high)` — `left.speed`/`right.speed` of the last rumble output report seen.
pub rumble: Option<(u16, u16)>,
/// Raw reports to forward: `(kind, bytes)` with kind = `HID_RAW_OUTPUT`/`HID_RAW_FEATURE`.
pub raw: Vec<(u8, Vec<u8>)>,
}
/// Parse a Triton haptic-rumble OUTPUT report (`MsgHapticRumble`, 10 bytes with id):
/// `[0x80][type u8][intensity u16][left.speed u16][left.gain i8][right.speed u16][right.gain i8]`.
/// Returns `(left_speed, right_speed)` as `(low, high)`.
pub fn parse_triton_rumble(data: &[u8]) -> Option<(u16, u16)> {
if data.len() < 10 || data[0] != ID_OUT_REPORT_HAPTIC_RUMBLE {
return None;
}
let le = |o: usize| u16::from_le_bytes([data[o], data[o + 1]]);
Some((le(4), le(7)))
}
/// Strip the hidraw unnumbered-report `0x00` prefix if present: Triton report/command ids are all
/// non-zero (`0x42+` input, `0x80+` output, `1` feature), so a leading zero can only be the
/// synthetic report-id byte hidraw prepends on this unnumbered virtual descriptor.
pub fn strip_report_prefix(data: &[u8]) -> &[u8] {
match data {
[0, rest @ ..] if !rest.is_empty() => rest,
d => d,
}
}
/// Per-instance unit id stamped into the fake `0x83` attributes (`'T','R','I'` + index).
pub fn triton_unit_id(index: u8) -> u32 {
0x5452_4900 | index as u32
}
/// The virtual pad's serial, FVPF-prefixed: the physical-Steam-controller conflict gate
/// recognizes `FVPF…` (`HID_UNIQ`) as one of punktfunk's own virtual pads, so a concurrent
/// session never mistakes this device for real hardware. Shaped like the real `FXA…` serials
/// (13 chars). Shared by the UHID and usbip legs (identity + `0xAE` replies must agree).
pub fn triton_serial(index: u8) -> String {
format!("FVPF1302{index:02}D03")
}
/// Build the reply to a feature GET_REPORT — the answer half of the Valve query dance. Steam's
/// `GetControllerInfo` SETs a query (`0x83` attributes / `0xAE` string) and then GETs the answer;
/// **the reply's command byte must echo the LAST SET's command** or Steam treats the pad as
/// broken and never adopts it (confirmed on-glass 2026-07-15: answering every GET with a serial
/// blob left the virtual pad unpicked). Mirrors the Deck's validated
/// [`feature_reply`](super::steam_proto::feature_reply), with two Triton deltas: the frame rides
/// feature report id **1** (`[0x01][cmd][len][payload…]`, matching SDL's send framing for this
/// device), and the `0x83` blob carries the Triton's product id. The attribute VALUES beyond the
/// product id mirror the Deck's hidraw capture (same firmware family conventions) — replace them
/// with a capture from a physical pad if Steam still balks.
///
/// `last_set` is the id-first SET payload (`[0x01, cmd, …]`); a stack that already stripped the
/// id byte (`[cmd, …]`, cmd ≥ 0x80) is handled too.
pub fn triton_feature_reply(last_set: &[u8], serial: &str, unit_id: u32) -> [u8; 64] {
const ID_GET_ATTRIBUTES_VALUES: u8 = 0x83;
const ID_GET_STRING_ATTRIBUTE: u8 = 0xAE;
const ID_GET_FIRMWARE_INFO: u8 = 0xF2;
const ATTRIB_STR_UNIT_SERIAL: u8 = 0x01;
let body = match last_set {
[0x01, rest @ ..] => rest,
d => d,
};
let cmd = body.first().copied().unwrap_or(ID_GET_STRING_ATTRIBUTE);
let mut r = [0u8; 64];
r[0] = 0x01;
match cmd {
ID_GET_ATTRIBUTES_VALUES => {
// Captured controller response: 25-byte payload containing five id/u32 attributes.
r[1] = ID_GET_ATTRIBUTES_VALUES;
r[2] = 0x19;
let attrs = [
(0x01, TRITON_WIRED_PRODUCT),
(0x02, 0),
(0x0A, unit_id),
(0x04, unit_id ^ 0x0296_DAF9),
(0x09, 0x49),
];
let mut o = 3;
for (id, val) in attrs {
r[o] = id;
r[o + 1..o + 5].copy_from_slice(&val.to_le_bytes());
o += 5;
}
}
ID_GET_STRING_ATTRIBUTE => {
// Captured replies always declare 20 bytes: attribute id plus a 19-byte padded string.
let attr = body.get(2).copied().unwrap_or(ATTRIB_STR_UNIT_SERIAL);
let b = serial.as_bytes();
let len = b.len().min(19);
r[..4].copy_from_slice(&[0x01, ID_GET_STRING_ATTRIBUTE, 0x14, attr]);
r[4..4 + len].copy_from_slice(&b[..len]);
}
ID_GET_FIRMWARE_INFO => {
let index = body.get(2).copied().unwrap_or(0);
r[1] = ID_GET_FIRMWARE_INFO;
r[3] = index;
match index {
0 => {
r[2] = 0x29;
r[4..8].copy_from_slice(&(unit_id ^ 0x0296_DAF9).to_le_bytes());
r[8] = 0x49;
r[12..24].copy_from_slice(b"603f69218a85");
let b = serial.as_bytes();
let len = b.len().min(16);
r[28..28 + len].copy_from_slice(&b[..len]);
}
1 => {
r[2] = 0x22;
r[4..37].copy_from_slice(&[
0x00, 0x57, 0xD0, 0x18, 0x6A, 0x37, 0x30, 0x35, 0x34, 0x32, 0x35, 0x37,
0x64, 0x32, 0x64, 0x61, 0x37, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x23, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x33, 0x6D, 0x02, 0x00,
]);
}
_ => {
r[2] = 0x09;
r[4..12].copy_from_slice(&[0x7C, 0x4F, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0, 0, 0]);
}
}
}
_ => {
let n = body.len().min(63);
r[1..1 + n].copy_from_slice(&body[..n]);
}
}
r
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
/// The typed fallback lands the canonical wire mapping on the SDL-documented bit positions
/// and byte offsets.
#[test]
fn fallback_state_serializes_sdl_layout() {
let st = TritonState::from_gamepad(
gs::BTN_A | gs::BTN_START | gs::BTN_PADDLE1 | gs::BTN_MISC1,
1000,
-2000,
3000,
-32768,
255,
0,
);
assert_eq!(
st.buttons,
tbtn::A | tbtn::MENU | tbtn::R4 | tbtn::QAM | tbtn::LT_CLICK
);
assert_eq!(st.lt, 32767); // exact full-scale, not the *128 approximation
let mut r = [0u8; TRITON_STATE_LEN];
serialize_triton_state(&mut r, &st, 7);
assert_eq!(r[0], ID_TRITON_CONTROLLER_STATE);
assert_eq!(r[1], 7);
assert_eq!(u32::from_le_bytes([r[2], r[3], r[4], r[5]]), st.buttons);
assert_eq!(i16::from_le_bytes([r[6], r[7]]), 32767); // sTriggerLeft
assert_eq!(i16::from_le_bytes([r[10], r[11]]), 1000); // sLeftStickX
assert_eq!(i16::from_le_bytes([r[16], r[17]]), -32768); // sRightStickY
assert!(r[18..].iter().all(|&b| b == 0)); // pads + IMU zero
}
/// A rumble output report parses to `(left_speed, right_speed)`; other ids don't.
#[test]
fn rumble_output_report_parses() {
// [0x80, type, intensity(2), left.speed(2), left.gain, right.speed(2), right.gain]
let mut d = [0u8; 10];
d[0] = ID_OUT_REPORT_HAPTIC_RUMBLE;
d[4..6].copy_from_slice(&0x1234u16.to_le_bytes());
d[7..9].copy_from_slice(&0x5678u16.to_le_bytes());
assert_eq!(parse_triton_rumble(&d), Some((0x1234, 0x5678)));
d[0] = 0x81; // haptic pulse — not rumble
assert_eq!(parse_triton_rumble(&d), None);
assert_eq!(parse_triton_rumble(&d[..8]), None); // short
}
/// The hidraw `0x00` unnumbered prefix strips; genuine command bytes survive.
#[test]
fn report_prefix_strips_only_leading_zero() {
assert_eq!(strip_report_prefix(&[0x00, 0x80, 1, 2]), &[0x80, 1, 2]);
assert_eq!(strip_report_prefix(&[0x80, 1, 2]), &[0x80, 1, 2]);
assert_eq!(strip_report_prefix(&[0x01, 0x87]), &[0x01, 0x87]); // feature id 1 kept
assert_eq!(strip_report_prefix(&[0x00]), &[0x00]); // lone zero: nothing to strip to
}
/// The GET reply echoes the LAST SET's command — the Valve query dance Steam's
/// `GetControllerInfo` runs; a mismatched command type makes Steam drop the pad.
#[test]
fn feature_reply_echoes_the_queried_command() {
let serial = triton_serial(0);
let uid = triton_unit_id(0);
// 0x83 attributes: id-first frame, 5 captured blocks, product id = 0x1302 in the first.
let r = triton_feature_reply(&[0x01, 0x83, 0x00], &serial, uid);
assert_eq!(&r[..3], &[0x01, 0x83, 0x19]);
assert_eq!(r[3], 0x01); // ATTRIB product-id tag
assert_eq!(
u32::from_le_bytes([r[4], r[5], r[6], r[7]]),
TRITON_WIRED_PRODUCT
);
// 0xAE serial: the captured fixed 20-byte payload — attribute id + padded string.
let r = triton_feature_reply(&[0x01, 0xAE, 0x01, 0x01], &serial, uid);
assert_eq!(&r[..3], &[0x01, 0xAE, 0x14]);
assert_eq!(r[3], 0x01);
assert_eq!(&r[4..4 + serial.len()], serial.as_bytes());
// A stack that stripped the id byte still resolves the command.
let r = triton_feature_reply(&[0x83u8, 0x00], &serial, uid);
assert_eq!(&r[..3], &[0x01, 0x83, 0x19]);
// Anything else (settings write) reads back as an echo.
let r = triton_feature_reply(&[0x01, 0x87, 3, 9, 0, 0], &serial, uid);
assert_eq!(&r[..6], &[0x01, 0x87, 3, 9, 0, 0]);
}
}
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//! The off-thread injector service (plan §W4, carved out of the inject facade): a host-lifetime
//! pointer/keyboard injector pinned to its OWN thread and fed over a clonable `Send` channel, plus
//! the pre-injection [`coalesce`] pass. The backend owns non-`Send` compositor state (a Wayland
//! connection / xkb / EIS socket), so it must live on one thread; both the GameStream control plane
//! and the native punktfunk/1 plane forward decoded input here instead of injecting inline.
use super::*;
/// Host-lifetime pointer/keyboard injector running on its OWN thread, fed over a clonable `Send`
/// channel. The injector backend owns non-`Send` compositor state (a Wayland connection / xkb / EIS
/// socket), so it must live on a single thread; both the GameStream control plane and the native
/// punktfunk/1 plane forward their decoded keyboard/mouse events here instead of injecting inline, so
/// a slow inject (a portal stall, a desktop switch) never head-blocks the network thread's
/// keepalive/retransmit servicing.
pub struct InjectorService {
tx: std::sync::mpsc::Sender<InputEvent>,
}
impl InjectorService {
pub fn start() -> InjectorService {
// Windows: make sure the process-wide resident virtual HID mouse exists (idempotent).
// Without a pointing device present, win32k reports no cursor and DWM composites none
// into the IDD frame — SendInput injection alone moves an invisible pointer.
#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
super::mouse_windows::ensure_resident();
let (tx, rx) = std::sync::mpsc::channel::<InputEvent>();
if let Err(e) = std::thread::Builder::new()
.name("punktfunk-injector".into())
.spawn(move || injector_service_thread(rx))
{
tracing::error!(error = %e, "injector service thread spawn failed — pointer/keyboard input disabled");
}
InjectorService { tx }
}
/// A sender a session/plane forwards its pointer/keyboard events to. Cloned per caller; dropping a
/// clone does NOT stop the service (it runs while any sender — incl. the service's own — lives).
pub fn sender(&self) -> std::sync::mpsc::Sender<InputEvent> {
self.tx.clone()
}
}
/// Backoff between reopen attempts after the injector backend fails to open or its worker dies, so a
/// persistently-unavailable portal isn't hammered once per event.
const INJECTOR_REOPEN_BACKOFF: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(2);
/// The host-lifetime injector worker: lazily open the pointer/keyboard backend, then inject every
/// forwarded event. Reopen (after [`INJECTOR_REOPEN_BACKOFF`]) on open failure, on a backend change
/// (input follows the active session), or if the backend's worker dies mid-stream. Exits only when
/// every sender has dropped (host shutdown), which drops the injector and closes its portal session.
///
/// Each wake drains the whole backlog and [`coalesce`]s redundant motion before injecting, so a slow
/// backend never builds up a queue of stale relative-mouse/scroll events (latency) — while button,
/// key, and absolute-move ordering is preserved exactly.
fn injector_service_thread(rx: std::sync::mpsc::Receiver<InputEvent>) {
let mut injector: Option<Box<dyn InputInjector>> = None;
let mut open_backend: Option<Backend> = None;
let mut last_failed: Option<std::time::Instant> = None;
while let Ok(first) = rx.recv() {
// Drain everything already queued behind `first` so we coalesce a whole burst at once.
let mut batch = vec![first];
while let Ok(ev) = rx.try_recv() {
batch.push(ev);
}
// The resolved input backend (PUNKTFUNK_INPUT_BACKEND, set per connect / mid-stream session
// switch) may have changed since we opened. Reopen against it so input FOLLOWS the active
// session instead of injecting into a stale, still-warm backend (e.g. the managed gamescope's
// EIS socket after the user switched to the KDE desktop).
let want = default_backend();
if injector.is_some() && open_backend != Some(want) {
tracing::info!(
?open_backend,
?want,
"input: backend changed — reopening injector for the active session"
);
injector = None;
last_failed = None; // re-resolve immediately
}
if injector.is_none() {
// Open on the first event; after a failure wait out the backoff before retrying (a few
// events drop during setup — acceptable, input is lossy).
let ready = last_failed.is_none_or(|t| t.elapsed() >= INJECTOR_REOPEN_BACKOFF);
if ready {
match open(want) {
Ok(i) => {
tracing::info!(backend = ?want, "input injector ready (host-lifetime)");
injector = Some(i);
open_backend = Some(want);
last_failed = None;
}
Err(e) => {
tracing::warn!(error = %format!("{e:#}"), "pointer/keyboard injection unavailable — will retry");
last_failed = Some(std::time::Instant::now());
}
}
}
}
if let Some(inj) = injector.as_mut() {
for ev in coalesce(batch) {
if let Err(e) = inj.inject(&ev) {
// The backend's worker (portal session / EIS socket) died — drop it and reopen on
// a later event (covers a gamescope EIS socket that respawns with its session).
tracing::warn!(error = %format!("{e:#}"), "inject failed — reopening injector");
injector = None;
open_backend = None;
last_failed = Some(std::time::Instant::now());
break; // abandon the rest of this batch; the next one reopens
}
}
}
}
tracing::debug!("injector service stopped (host shutting down)");
}
/// Coalesce a drained burst: sum consecutive relative-mouse deltas and consecutive same-axis scroll
/// deltas (identical net effect, far fewer injects), passing buttons, keys, absolute moves, and any
/// type change through untouched and in order. Only *adjacent* same-type events merge, so a button
/// or key between two moves flushes the accumulated motion first — ordering is never reshuffled.
fn coalesce(events: Vec<InputEvent>) -> Vec<InputEvent> {
let mut out: Vec<InputEvent> = Vec::with_capacity(events.len());
for ev in events {
match out.last_mut() {
Some(last) if last.kind == InputKind::MouseMove && ev.kind == InputKind::MouseMove => {
last.x = last.x.saturating_add(ev.x);
last.y = last.y.saturating_add(ev.y);
}
Some(last)
if last.kind == InputKind::MouseScroll
&& ev.kind == InputKind::MouseScroll
&& last.code == ev.code =>
{
last.x = last.x.saturating_add(ev.x);
}
_ => out.push(ev),
}
}
out
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
use punktfunk_core::input::{InputEvent, InputKind};
fn mk(kind: InputKind, code: u32, x: i32, y: i32) -> InputEvent {
InputEvent {
kind,
_pad: [0; 3],
code,
x,
y,
flags: 0,
}
}
#[test]
fn coalesce_sums_adjacent_motion_and_preserves_order() {
let events = vec![
mk(InputKind::MouseMove, 0, 1, 2),
mk(InputKind::MouseMove, 0, 3, -1), // → summed with the previous move
mk(InputKind::KeyDown, 30, 0, 0), // flushes the move, passes through verbatim
mk(InputKind::MouseMove, 0, 5, 5), // a NEW run after the key (not merged across it)
mk(InputKind::MouseScroll, 0, 1, 0),
mk(InputKind::MouseScroll, 0, 2, 0), // same axis (code 0) → summed
mk(InputKind::MouseScroll, 1, 1, 0), // different axis (code 1) → separate
];
let out = coalesce(events);
assert_eq!(out.len(), 5);
assert_eq!(
(out[0].kind, out[0].x, out[0].y),
(InputKind::MouseMove, 4, 1)
);
assert_eq!(out[1].kind, InputKind::KeyDown);
assert_eq!(
(out[2].kind, out[2].x, out[2].y),
(InputKind::MouseMove, 5, 5)
);
assert_eq!(
(out[3].kind, out[3].code, out[3].x),
(InputKind::MouseScroll, 0, 3)
);
assert_eq!(
(out[4].kind, out[4].code, out[4].x),
(InputKind::MouseScroll, 1, 1)
);
}
#[test]
fn coalesce_handles_empty_and_singleton() {
assert!(coalesce(vec![]).is_empty());
assert_eq!(coalesce(vec![mk(InputKind::MouseMove, 0, 7, 8)]).len(), 1);
}
}
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//! The generic stateful virtual-pad manager ([`UhidManager`]) shared by the five backends that
//! keep a full per-pad report state (Linux UHID DualSense / DualShock 4 / Steam Deck, Windows UMDF
//! DualSense / DualShock 4): event routing, the frame merge, rich-input application, the silence
//! heartbeat, and the feedback pump with rumble + hidout dedup are written once here; a backend
//! supplies only its per-controller pieces via [`PadProto`]. The stateless backends (Linux uinput,
//! Windows XUSB) write frames straight through with no state vec / heartbeat / rich plane, so they
//! use [`PadSlots`] directly instead.
use crate::hidout_dedup::HidoutDedup;
use crate::pad_slots::PadSlots;
use anyhow::Result;
use punktfunk_core::input::{GamepadEvent, GamepadFrame, MAX_PADS};
use punktfunk_core::quic::{HidOutput, RichInput};
use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
/// What one feedback pass extracted from a pad's driver/kernel channel. `rumble` rides the
/// universal 0xCA plane (deduped against the last-forwarded level); `hidout` carries the rich
/// 0xCD feedback events (lightbar / player LEDs / adaptive triggers), deduped via [`HidoutDedup`].
#[derive(Default)]
pub struct PadFeedback {
/// `(low, high)` motor levels (0..=0xFF00), if the pass saw a rumble report.
pub rumble: Option<(u16, u16)>,
pub hidout: Vec<HidOutput>,
/// Whether the game drove this pad's output channel this poll — a fresh output report landed,
/// regardless of whether it changed the rumble level. Drives the abandoned-rumble force-off in
/// [`UhidManager::pump`] (the same game-ACTIVITY signal the XUSB path keys on). `None` means the
/// backend does not track activity (every Linux backend): treated as always-active, so the
/// force-off never fires there and Linux behaviour is unchanged.
pub game_drove: Option<bool>,
}
/// The per-controller half of a stateful virtual-pad backend — everything [`UhidManager`] cannot
/// share because it differs per protocol: the transport open, the report-state model and its
/// GameStream/rich-input mappers, the state write, and the feedback poll.
///
/// The `&mut self` receivers let a backend carry configuration (the Steam-paddle remap policy, a
/// pad identity); most implementations are otherwise stateless.
pub trait PadProto {
/// The per-pad transport (a UHID fd, a UMDF shared-memory channel, the Deck transport enum).
type Pad;
/// The pad's full report state (`DsState`, `SteamState`) — `Copy` like both of those, so the
/// manager can hand a snapshot to [`write_state`](Self::write_state) without borrow gymnastics.
type State: Copy;
/// Backend tag in the shared lifecycle log lines, e.g. `"DualSense/Windows"`.
const LABEL: &'static str;
/// Device name in the create-failure line ("virtual `<DEVICE>` creation failed …").
const DEVICE: &'static str;
/// Suffix for the create-failure line — empty on Linux, the driver-install hint on Windows.
const CREATE_HINT: &'static str;
/// Open the virtual pad for wire index `idx`, logging its own success line (it knows the
/// transport detail worth printing); failures are logged by the manager's create gate.
fn open(&mut self, idx: u8) -> Result<Self::Pad>;
/// The all-neutral report state a fresh or unplugged pad (re)starts from.
fn neutral(&self) -> Self::State;
/// Fold one decoded button/stick frame into a new state, preserving from `prev` every field
/// that arrives on the rich plane instead (touch contacts / clicks, motion) — the G2 hook, in
/// one place per backend. Paddle remap policy is applied here too.
fn merge_frame(&self, prev: &Self::State, f: &GamepadFrame) -> Self::State;
/// Apply one rich client→host event (touchpad contact / motion sample) to the state.
fn apply_rich(&self, st: &mut Self::State, rich: RichInput);
/// Write the full state to the pad (best-effort; the next frame or heartbeat re-syncs).
fn write_state(&self, pad: &mut Self::Pad, st: &Self::State);
/// Poll the pad's driver/kernel channel: answer any pending handshake and return the feedback
/// it carried. `idx` is the wire pad index (the DualSense GET_REPORT replies need it).
fn service(&self, pad: &mut Self::Pad, idx: u8) -> PadFeedback;
/// Whether this pad needs a heartbeat write NOW regardless of the silence gap (the Steam
/// backend streams through its gamepad-mode-entry pulse).
fn force_heartbeat(&self, _pad: &Self::Pad) -> bool {
false
}
}
/// All virtual pads of one stateful backend, driven from decoded controller events — the shared
/// skeleton of the five UHID/UMDF managers. Method surface (`new` / `handle` / `apply_rich` /
/// `pump` / `heartbeat`) is exactly what the session input thread already drives, so each backend
/// re-exports itself as a `pub type … = UhidManager<…Proto>;` alias.
pub struct UhidManager<B: PadProto> {
backend: B,
slots: PadSlots<B::Pad>,
/// Each pad's current full report — buttons/sticks merged with persisted rich-plane fields.
state: Vec<B::State>,
/// Last rumble forwarded per pad, so a report that only changes rich feedback doesn't re-send it.
last_rumble: Vec<(u16, u16)>,
/// Last rich feedback forwarded per pad, so an output report that only changed the rumble
/// doesn't re-send unchanged lightbar/LED/trigger state.
hidout_dedup: Vec<HidoutDedup>,
/// When each pad last wrote an input report — drives [`heartbeat`](Self::heartbeat).
last_write: Vec<Instant>,
/// When the game last drove each pad (a backend that reports `game_drove` saw a fresh output
/// report). A non-zero `last_rumble` older than [`RUMBLE_IDLE_TIMEOUT`] against this is a
/// residual the game abandoned — see [`pump`](Self::pump).
last_active: Vec<Instant>,
}
/// How long a latched, non-zero rumble may sit without the game driving the pad before it is forced
/// off. DualSense/DS4/Deck motors are level-triggered — they run until an output report sets them to
/// zero — so a game that latches a rumble and then stops writing output reports (a residual left at a
/// menu / loading screen, or a plain forgotten stop) would otherwise drone to the client forever: the
/// resend loop in `native.rs` renews the latched level every ~120 ms and the client's envelope never
/// expires. This mirrors the XUSB path's identical guard, and is likewise keyed on game ACTIVITY (any
/// fresh output report, even one that does not change the level), so a rumble the game keeps asserting
/// is never cut — only an abandoned residual. Kept above SDL's ~2 s internal rumble resend.
const RUMBLE_IDLE_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_millis(2500);
impl<B: PadProto + Default> UhidManager<B> {
pub fn new() -> UhidManager<B> {
UhidManager::with_backend(B::default())
}
}
impl<B: PadProto + Default> Default for UhidManager<B> {
fn default() -> UhidManager<B> {
UhidManager::new()
}
}
impl<B: PadProto> UhidManager<B> {
pub fn with_backend(backend: B) -> UhidManager<B> {
let state = (0..MAX_PADS).map(|_| backend.neutral()).collect();
UhidManager {
backend,
slots: PadSlots::new(B::LABEL, B::DEVICE, B::CREATE_HINT),
state,
last_rumble: vec![(0, 0); MAX_PADS],
hidout_dedup: vec![HidoutDedup::default(); MAX_PADS],
last_write: vec![Instant::now(); MAX_PADS],
last_active: vec![Instant::now(); MAX_PADS],
}
}
/// Handle one decoded controller event (create/destroy by mask, then merge button/stick state).
pub fn handle(&mut self, ev: &GamepadEvent) {
match ev {
GamepadEvent::Arrival { index, kind, .. } => {
tracing::info!(index, kind, "controller arrival ({})", B::LABEL);
self.ensure(*index as usize);
}
GamepadEvent::State(f) => {
let idx = f.index as usize;
if idx >= MAX_PADS {
return;
}
// Unplugs: drop any allocated pad whose mask bit cleared, resetting its state.
let swept = self.slots.sweep(f.active_mask);
for i in 0..MAX_PADS {
if swept & (1 << i) != 0 {
self.reset_pad(i);
}
}
if f.active_mask & (1 << idx) == 0 {
return; // this event WAS the unplug
}
self.ensure(idx);
// Merge buttons/sticks/triggers from the frame, preserving the rich-plane fields
// (touch + motion arrive separately and must survive a button-only frame).
self.state[idx] = self.backend.merge_frame(&self.state[idx], f);
self.write(idx);
}
}
}
/// Apply one rich client→host event (touchpad contact / motion sample) to an existing pad,
/// preserving its button/stick state. Rich events never create a pad (a controller must have
/// arrived first); they're dropped if the pad isn't present.
pub fn apply_rich(&mut self, rich: RichInput) {
let idx = match rich {
RichInput::Touchpad { pad, .. }
| RichInput::Motion { pad, .. }
| RichInput::TouchpadEx { pad, .. }
| RichInput::HidReport { pad, .. } => pad as usize,
};
if idx >= MAX_PADS || self.slots.get(idx).is_none() {
return;
}
self.backend.apply_rich(&mut self.state[idx], rich);
self.write(idx);
}
/// Re-emit each live pad's CURRENT report if it's been silent for `max_gap` (or the backend
/// forces a write). The UHID/UMDF drivers treat a multi-second input silence — a held-steady
/// stick produces no wire events — as an unplugged controller; re-sending the current state is
/// idempotent (a stale-but-correct frame, never a phantom input).
pub fn heartbeat(&mut self, max_gap: Duration) {
let now = Instant::now();
for i in 0..MAX_PADS {
let Some(pad) = self.slots.get(i) else {
continue;
};
if self.backend.force_heartbeat(pad)
|| now.duration_since(self.last_write[i]) >= max_gap
{
self.write(i);
}
}
}
/// Service every pad: answer any pending driver/kernel handshake and route a game's feedback
/// back out. `rumble` is invoked `(index, low, high)` only when the motor level *changes* (the
/// universal 0xCA plane); `hidout` is invoked per rich feedback event that isn't an exact
/// repeat of the last-forwarded value (the 0xCD plane). Call frequently — kernel/driver init
/// handshakes block until answered.
pub fn pump(
&mut self,
mut rumble: impl FnMut(u16, u16, u16),
mut hidout: impl FnMut(HidOutput),
) {
let now = Instant::now();
for i in 0..MAX_PADS {
let Some(pad) = self.slots.get_mut(i) else {
continue;
};
let fb = self.backend.service(pad, i as u8);
// Refresh the game-activity clock when the game drove the pad this poll (a fresh output
// report, even at an unchanged level). `None` = a backend that does not track activity
// (Linux): treated as always-active, so the force-off below never fires there.
if fb.game_drove != Some(false) {
self.last_active[i] = now;
}
if let Some(r) = fb.rumble {
if self.last_rumble[i] != r {
self.last_rumble[i] = r;
rumble(i as u16, r.0, r.1);
}
} else if self.last_rumble[i] != (0, 0)
&& now.duration_since(self.last_active[i]) >= RUMBLE_IDLE_TIMEOUT
{
// A non-zero rumble is latched but the game has not driven the pad for
// RUMBLE_IDLE_TIMEOUT — a residual it forgot to stop. Force it off (and forward the
// zero) so `native.rs`'s resend loop stops droning it to the client. Mirrors the
// XUSB path's guard; see RUMBLE_IDLE_TIMEOUT.
self.last_rumble[i] = (0, 0);
rumble(i as u16, 0, 0);
}
for h in fb.hidout {
// Skip rich feedback that repeats the last-forwarded value (a game's output report
// re-sends unchanged lightbar/LED/trigger state alongside every rumble update).
if self.hidout_dedup[i].should_forward(&h) {
hidout(h);
}
}
}
}
/// Write the pad's current state (if it exists) and reset its heartbeat clock — on every write
/// (real input or heartbeat), so an actively-used pad emits no extra reports.
fn write(&mut self, idx: usize) {
let st = self.state[idx];
if let Some(pad) = self.slots.get_mut(idx) {
self.backend.write_state(pad, &st);
}
self.last_write[idx] = Instant::now();
}
/// Gate-checked create; a FRESH pad starts from neutral state + re-armed dedups.
fn ensure(&mut self, idx: usize) {
let backend = &mut self.backend;
if self.slots.ensure(idx, |i| backend.open(i)) {
self.reset_pad(idx);
}
}
/// Reset one pad's sibling state (on create and unplug) so the first frame/feedback after a
/// (re)connect starts from scratch and is always forwarded.
fn reset_pad(&mut self, idx: usize) {
self.state[idx] = self.backend.neutral();
self.last_rumble[idx] = (0, 0);
self.hidout_dedup[idx].clear();
self.last_write[idx] = Instant::now();
self.last_active[idx] = Instant::now();
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
use std::cell::RefCell;
/// Scripted mock: `open` fails while `fail_opens > 0`; `service` replays canned feedback;
/// `MockState` carries a marker for the frame-merge preserve check.
#[derive(Default)]
struct MockProto {
fail_opens: RefCell<u32>,
feedback: RefCell<Vec<PadFeedback>>,
force_hb: bool,
}
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Default, PartialEq, Debug)]
struct MockState {
buttons: u32,
/// Stands in for the rich-plane fields (touch/motion/clicks): set by `apply_rich`,
/// must survive `merge_frame`.
rich_marker: u16,
}
/// Per-pad transport stub recording every state write.
#[derive(Default)]
struct MockPad {
writes: RefCell<Vec<MockState>>,
}
impl PadProto for MockProto {
type Pad = MockPad;
type State = MockState;
const LABEL: &'static str = "Mock";
const DEVICE: &'static str = "mock pad";
const CREATE_HINT: &'static str = "";
fn open(&mut self, _idx: u8) -> Result<MockPad> {
let mut fails = self.fail_opens.borrow_mut();
if *fails > 0 {
*fails -= 1;
anyhow::bail!("scripted open failure");
}
Ok(MockPad::default())
}
fn neutral(&self) -> MockState {
MockState::default()
}
fn merge_frame(&self, prev: &MockState, f: &GamepadFrame) -> MockState {
MockState {
buttons: f.buttons,
rich_marker: prev.rich_marker, // the preserve-rich-fields contract
}
}
fn apply_rich(&self, st: &mut MockState, rich: RichInput) {
if let RichInput::Touchpad { x, .. } = rich {
st.rich_marker = x;
}
}
fn write_state(&self, pad: &mut MockPad, st: &MockState) {
pad.writes.borrow_mut().push(*st);
}
fn service(&self, _pad: &mut MockPad, _idx: u8) -> PadFeedback {
let mut fb = self.feedback.borrow_mut();
if fb.is_empty() {
PadFeedback::default()
} else {
fb.remove(0)
}
}
fn force_heartbeat(&self, _pad: &MockPad) -> bool {
self.force_hb
}
}
fn frame(idx: i16, mask: u16, buttons: u32) -> GamepadEvent {
GamepadEvent::State(GamepadFrame {
index: idx,
active_mask: mask,
buttons,
..Default::default()
})
}
fn touch(pad: u8, x: u16) -> RichInput {
RichInput::Touchpad {
pad,
finger: 0,
active: true,
x,
y: 0,
}
}
fn mgr() -> UhidManager<MockProto> {
UhidManager::new()
}
#[test]
fn arrival_eager_creates_the_pad() {
// G10 as a generic regression test: Arrival must build the device before the first frame.
let mut m = mgr();
m.handle(&GamepadEvent::Arrival {
index: 2,
kind: 1,
capabilities: 0,
});
assert!(m.slots.get(2).is_some());
}
#[test]
fn button_frame_preserves_rich_fields_and_writes_merged_state() {
// G2 as a generic regression test: rich-plane state must survive a button-only frame.
let mut m = mgr();
m.handle(&frame(0, 0b1, 0));
m.apply_rich(touch(0, 777));
m.handle(&frame(0, 0b1, 0xA));
let pad = m.slots.get(0).unwrap();
let writes = pad.writes.borrow();
let last = writes.last().unwrap();
assert_eq!(last.buttons, 0xA);
assert_eq!(last.rich_marker, 777); // preserved across the merge
}
#[test]
fn removal_frame_never_recreates_the_pad_it_swept() {
let mut m = mgr();
m.handle(&frame(1, 0b10, 0));
assert!(m.slots.get(1).is_some());
// Bit 1 cleared and the frame IS pad 1's removal — sweep, then early-return (no ensure).
m.handle(&frame(1, 0b00, 0));
assert!(m.slots.get(1).is_none());
}
#[test]
fn rich_event_for_an_absent_pad_is_dropped_and_never_creates() {
let mut m = mgr();
m.apply_rich(touch(3, 42));
assert!(m.slots.get(3).is_none());
// …and it left no state behind: a later create starts truly neutral.
m.handle(&frame(3, 0b1000, 0));
assert_eq!(m.state[3].rich_marker, 0);
}
#[test]
fn create_failure_backs_off_then_state_still_tracks() {
let mut m = mgr();
*m.backend.fail_opens.borrow_mut() = 1;
m.handle(&frame(0, 0b1, 0x1));
// Open failed: no pad, but the merged state is tracked (matching the old managers).
assert!(m.slots.get(0).is_none());
assert_eq!(m.state[0].buttons, 0x1);
// Next frame inside the backoff window: still no pad, no panic.
m.handle(&frame(0, 0b1, 0x3));
assert!(m.slots.get(0).is_none());
assert_eq!(m.state[0].buttons, 0x3);
}
#[test]
fn rumble_dedup_forwards_changes_only_and_rearms_on_recreate() {
let mut m = mgr();
m.handle(&frame(0, 0b1, 0));
let collect = |m: &mut UhidManager<MockProto>| {
let out = RefCell::new(Vec::new());
m.pump(|i, lo, hi| out.borrow_mut().push((i, lo, hi)), |_| {});
out.into_inner()
};
let rumble = |r| PadFeedback {
rumble: Some(r),
hidout: Vec::new(),
game_drove: Some(true),
};
*m.backend.feedback.borrow_mut() = vec![rumble((100, 0)), rumble((100, 0)), rumble((7, 7))];
assert_eq!(collect(&mut m), vec![(0, 100, 0)]); // first value forwards
assert_eq!(collect(&mut m), vec![]); // exact repeat deduped
assert_eq!(collect(&mut m), vec![(0, 7, 7)]); // change forwards
// Unplug + recreate re-arms the dedup: the same level forwards again.
m.handle(&frame(0, 0b0, 0));
m.handle(&frame(0, 0b1, 0));
*m.backend.feedback.borrow_mut() = vec![rumble((7, 7))];
assert_eq!(collect(&mut m), vec![(0, 7, 7)]);
}
#[test]
fn abandoned_rumble_is_forced_off_after_idle_timeout() {
let mut m = mgr();
m.handle(&frame(0, 0b1, 0));
let collect = |m: &mut UhidManager<MockProto>| {
let out = RefCell::new(Vec::new());
m.pump(|i, lo, hi| out.borrow_mut().push((i, lo, hi)), |_| {});
out.into_inner()
};
// The game latches a non-zero rumble (a fresh report drove the pad).
*m.backend.feedback.borrow_mut() = vec![PadFeedback {
rumble: Some((200, 0)),
hidout: Vec::new(),
game_drove: Some(true),
}];
assert_eq!(collect(&mut m), vec![(0, 200, 0)]);
// The game stops driving the pad (no fresh output report) but never sent a stop. Before the
// idle window elapses, nothing is forwarded — the latched level is left asserting.
let idle = || PadFeedback {
rumble: None,
hidout: Vec::new(),
game_drove: Some(false),
};
*m.backend.feedback.borrow_mut() = vec![idle()];
assert_eq!(collect(&mut m), vec![]);
// Simulate the game having abandoned the pad past the timeout: the residual is forced off
// exactly once, then stays off (no repeated zero spam).
m.last_active[0] = Instant::now() - (RUMBLE_IDLE_TIMEOUT + Duration::from_millis(50));
*m.backend.feedback.borrow_mut() = vec![idle(), idle()];
assert_eq!(collect(&mut m), vec![(0, 0, 0)]); // forced off
assert_eq!(collect(&mut m), vec![]); // already zero — no repeat
}
#[test]
fn asserted_rumble_survives_idle_timeout_while_game_drives() {
let mut m = mgr();
m.handle(&frame(0, 0b1, 0));
let collect = |m: &mut UhidManager<MockProto>| {
let out = RefCell::new(Vec::new());
m.pump(|i, lo, hi| out.borrow_mut().push((i, lo, hi)), |_| {});
out.into_inner()
};
*m.backend.feedback.borrow_mut() = vec![PadFeedback {
rumble: Some((200, 0)),
hidout: Vec::new(),
game_drove: Some(true),
}];
assert_eq!(collect(&mut m), vec![(0, 200, 0)]);
// Even with a stale clock, a poll where the game drove the pad (fresh report, unchanged
// level → rumble None but game_drove Some(true)) refreshes activity, so the held rumble is
// NOT cut.
m.last_active[0] = Instant::now() - (RUMBLE_IDLE_TIMEOUT + Duration::from_millis(50));
*m.backend.feedback.borrow_mut() = vec![PadFeedback {
rumble: None,
hidout: Vec::new(),
game_drove: Some(true),
}];
assert_eq!(collect(&mut m), vec![]);
}
#[test]
fn hidout_dedup_drops_exact_repeats() {
let mut m = mgr();
m.handle(&frame(0, 0b1, 0));
let led = |r| HidOutput::Led {
pad: 0,
r,
g: 0,
b: 0,
};
*m.backend.feedback.borrow_mut() = vec![PadFeedback {
rumble: None,
hidout: vec![led(10), led(10), led(20)],
game_drove: Some(true),
}];
let out = RefCell::new(0u32);
m.pump(
|_, _, _| {},
|_| {
*out.borrow_mut() += 1;
},
);
assert_eq!(out.into_inner(), 2); // 10 forwarded once, 20 forwarded; the repeat dropped
}
#[test]
fn heartbeat_reemits_silent_pads_and_honors_force() {
let mut m = mgr();
m.handle(&frame(0, 0b1, 0x5));
let writes = |m: &UhidManager<MockProto>| m.slots.get(0).unwrap().writes.borrow().len();
let after_frame = writes(&m);
// A pad written just now is NOT re-emitted under a huge gap…
m.heartbeat(Duration::from_secs(3600));
assert_eq!(writes(&m), after_frame);
// …but a zero gap counts it as silent and re-emits the CURRENT state.
m.heartbeat(Duration::ZERO);
assert_eq!(writes(&m), after_frame + 1);
assert_eq!(
m.slots
.get(0)
.unwrap()
.writes
.borrow()
.last()
.unwrap()
.buttons,
0x5
);
// The backend's force flag overrides the gap entirely (the Steam mode-entry pulse).
m.backend.force_hb = true;
m.heartbeat(Duration::from_secs(3600));
assert_eq!(writes(&m), after_frame + 2);
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
//! Virtual Sony DualSense **Edge** on Windows via the UMDF minidriver — the Edge sibling of
//! [`super::dualsense_windows`]. Same transport ([`DsWinPad`]: a per-session `SwDeviceCreate`
//! devnode + the sealed shared-memory channel), same report codec ([`super::dualsense_proto`]);
//! the host stamps `device_type = 2` so the one UMDF driver serves the Edge descriptor /
//! `VID_054C&PID_0DF2` attributes, and the wire back-grip bits map onto the Edge's native
//! `buttons[2]` slots instead of the fold/drop policy — a client's Deck grips / Elite paddles
//! reach games as real buttons. Feedback is identical to the plain DualSense (rumble arrives with
//! the vibration-v2 flag, which [`parse_ds_output`](super::dualsense_proto::parse_ds_output)
//! already handles).
use super::dualsense_proto::{edge_paddle_bits, DsState, DS_TOUCH_H, DS_TOUCH_W};
use super::dualsense_windows::{DsWinPad, WinDsIdentity};
use crate::uhid_manager::{PadFeedback, PadProto, UhidManager};
use anyhow::Result;
use punktfunk_core::quic::RichInput;
/// The Windows-Edge half of the shared stateful manager (see [`PadProto`]): the shared
/// [`DsWinPad`] transport under the Edge identity, with the Edge paddle mapping in `merge_frame`.
/// No remap config — every wire paddle has a native slot.
#[derive(Default)]
pub struct DsEdgeWinProto;
impl PadProto for DsEdgeWinProto {
type Pad = DsWinPad;
type State = DsState;
const LABEL: &'static str = "DualSense Edge/Windows";
const DEVICE: &'static str = "DualSense Edge";
const CREATE_HINT: &'static str =
" (install/repair: punktfunk-host.exe driver install --gamepad)";
fn open(&mut self, idx: u8) -> Result<DsWinPad> {
let p = DsWinPad::open(idx, &WinDsIdentity::dualsense_edge())?;
tracing::info!(
index = idx,
"virtual DualSense Edge created (Windows UMDF shm channel)"
);
Ok(p)
}
fn neutral(&self) -> DsState {
DsState::neutral()
}
/// Merge buttons/sticks/triggers from the frame, preserving the rich-plane fields — like the
/// plain DualSense, EXCEPT the wire paddles land on the Edge's own `buttons[2]` bits
/// (rebuilt from every button frame, so no extra persistence).
fn merge_frame(&self, prev: &DsState, f: &punktfunk_core::input::GamepadFrame) -> DsState {
let mut s = DsState::from_gamepad(
f.buttons,
f.ls_x,
f.ls_y,
f.rs_x,
f.rs_y,
f.left_trigger,
f.right_trigger,
);
s.buttons[2] |= edge_paddle_bits(f.buttons);
s.touch = prev.touch;
s.gyro = prev.gyro;
s.accel = prev.accel;
s.touch_click = prev.touch_click;
s
}
/// The shared DualSense-family mapping (dualsense_proto::DsState::apply_rich): Steam dual pads
/// split the one touchpad left/right, pad clicks ride touch_click.
fn apply_rich(&self, st: &mut DsState, rich: RichInput) {
st.apply_rich(rich, DS_TOUCH_W, DS_TOUCH_H);
}
fn write_state(&self, pad: &mut DsWinPad, st: &DsState) {
pad.write_state(st);
}
/// Poll the section for a game's feedback: motor rumble on the universal 0xCA plane, the rich
/// lightbar/player-LED/trigger events on the 0xCD plane.
fn service(&self, pad: &mut DsWinPad, idx: u8) -> PadFeedback {
let fb = pad.service(idx);
PadFeedback {
rumble: fb.rumble,
hidout: fb.hidout,
game_drove: Some(fb.fresh),
}
}
}
/// All virtual DualSense Edge pads of a session — the Windows analogue of
/// [`DualSenseEdgeManager`](crate::dualsense::DualSenseEdgeManager), with the same method
/// surface (via the shared [`UhidManager`]) as the other Windows pad managers.
pub type DualSenseEdgeWindowsManager = UhidManager<DsEdgeWinProto>;
@@ -0,0 +1,563 @@
//! Virtual Sony DualSense on Windows via the UMDF minidriver (`packaging/windows/drivers/pf-dualsense`).
//!
//! The Windows analogue of the Linux UHID backend ([`super::dualsense`]): same [`DsState`] model and
//! the same byte-level report codec ([`super::dualsense_proto`]), but a different transport. Where
//! the Linux backend writes report `0x01` to `/dev/uhid` and reads report `0x02` via `UHID_OUTPUT`,
//! the Windows backend talks to the UMDF driver over an **unnamed shared DATA section** (256 B `PadShm`:
//! magic `u32@0`, input report `@8`, output seq `u32@72`, output report `@76`) reached over the
//! **sealed channel** ([`PadChannel`], `design/gamepad-channel-sealing.md`): the host duplicates the
//! section handle into the driver's WUDFHost, bootstrapped via the named `Global\pfds-boot-<idx>`
//! mailbox. The driver feeds game `READ_REPORT`s from the input bytes and publishes a game's `0x02`
//! (rumble / lightbar / player-LEDs / adaptive triggers) into the output bytes. `hidclass` gates the
//! device stack, so this user-mode IPC is the only viable channel (a UMDF driver has no control
//! device); see `windows-dualsense-scoping.md`.
//!
//! Device lifecycle: each pad `SwDeviceCreate`s a `pf_pad_<index>` software devnode (hardware id
//! `pf_dualsense`, enumerator `punktfunk`) on open and `SwDeviceClose`s it on drop, so the virtual
//! DualSense appears/disappears with the session — matching the Linux UHID pad. (The driver itself
//! must already be installed; the installer stages it.)
use super::dualsense_proto::{
parse_ds_output, serialize_state, DsFeedback, DsState, DS_INPUT_REPORT_LEN, DS_TOUCH_H,
DS_TOUCH_W,
};
use super::gamepad_raii::{sw_create_cb, PadChannel, SwCreateCtx};
use crate::uhid_manager::{PadFeedback, PadProto, UhidManager};
use anyhow::{anyhow, Result};
use punktfunk_core::quic::RichInput;
use std::ffi::c_void;
use std::sync::atomic::{fence, AtomicU32, Ordering};
use std::time::Duration;
use windows::core::{w, GUID, PCWSTR};
use windows::Win32::Devices::Enumeration::Pnp::{
SwDeviceClose, SwDeviceCreate, HSWDEVICE, SW_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO,
};
use windows::Win32::Foundation::{CloseHandle, E_FAIL, WAIT_OBJECT_0};
use windows::Win32::System::Threading::{CreateEventW, WaitForSingleObject};
/// Shared-section layout — the single source of truth is [`pf_driver_proto::gamepad::PadShm`] (offset
/// asserts pin every field; the `pf_dualsense` driver maps the same struct). Derive the size/offsets/magic
/// from it so a layout change is a compile error, not a hand-synced literal (audit §6.1). `pub(super)` so
/// the sibling DualShock 4 backend ([`super::dualshock4_windows`]) reuses the exact offsets.
pub(super) const SHM_SIZE: usize = core::mem::size_of::<pf_driver_proto::gamepad::PadShm>();
pub(super) const SHM_MAGIC: u32 = pf_driver_proto::gamepad::PAD_MAGIC; // "PFDS"
pub(super) const OFF_INPUT: usize = core::mem::offset_of!(pf_driver_proto::gamepad::PadShm, input);
pub(super) const OFF_OUT_SEQ: usize =
core::mem::offset_of!(pf_driver_proto::gamepad::PadShm, out_seq);
pub(super) const OFF_OUTPUT: usize =
core::mem::offset_of!(pf_driver_proto::gamepad::PadShm, output);
/// Device-type selector the driver reads to choose which HID identity/descriptor it serves: 0 =
/// DualSense (the default — the section is zeroed), 1 = DualShock 4.
pub(super) const OFF_DEVTYPE: usize =
core::mem::offset_of!(pf_driver_proto::gamepad::PadShm, device_type);
pub(super) const OFF_DRIVER_PROTO: usize =
core::mem::offset_of!(pf_driver_proto::gamepad::PadShm, driver_proto);
pub(super) const OFF_PAD_INDEX: usize =
core::mem::offset_of!(pf_driver_proto::gamepad::PadShm, pad_index);
pub(super) const DEVTYPE_DUALSHOCK4: u8 = pf_driver_proto::gamepad::DEVTYPE_DUALSHOCK4;
pub(super) const DEVTYPE_DUALSENSE_EDGE: u8 = pf_driver_proto::gamepad::DEVTYPE_DUALSENSE_EDGE;
/// A single virtual DualSense: the SwDeviceCreate'd `pf_pad_<index>` software devnode (the driver
/// loads on it and the HID DualSense appears to games) plus the sealed shared-memory channel.
/// Dropping it removes the devnode (`SwDeviceClose`) and closes both sections.
/// `pub`: the type appears as `type Pad` in the `PadProto` impl (a public trait), like the
/// Linux pads.
pub struct DsWinPad {
/// Per-session devnode from SwDeviceCreate, when it succeeds (RAII — `SwDeviceClose` on drop).
/// `None` falls back to an out-of-band `pf_dualsense` devnode (installer/devgen).
_sw: Option<super::gamepad_raii::SwDevice>,
/// The sealed channel: unnamed DATA section (`PadShm`) + bootstrap mailbox + handle delivery.
channel: PadChannel,
/// Watches the section's `driver_proto` field and logs attach / never-attached diagnosis.
attach: super::gamepad_raii::DriverAttach,
seq: u8,
ts: u32,
last_out_seq: u32,
}
/// The PnP identity for a virtual controller devnode — varies by controller type so the same
/// [`create_swdevice`] builds a DualSense (`VID_054C&PID_0CE6`) or a DualShock 4
/// (`VID_054C&PID_09CC`). The fields map onto the `SW_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO` identity discussed below.
pub(super) struct SwDeviceProfile<'a> {
/// PnP instance id — distinct namespaces per type (`pf_pad_<idx>` vs `pf_ds4_<idx>`) so the two
/// never reuse the same devnode shell.
pub instance: &'a str,
/// `Data1` of the deterministic ContainerId — a per-device-FAMILY tag (`"PFDS"` for the pads,
/// `"PFMO"` for the virtual mouse) so two families at the same index never share a container
/// (Windows would group them into one "device" in the Devices UI).
pub container_tag: u32,
/// Index for the deterministic per-pad ContainerId — ALSO stamped into the devnode Location,
/// which the driver reads as its bootstrap-mailbox index.
pub container_index: u8,
/// The INF-matched hardware id (`pf_dualsense` / `pf_dualshock4`), listed FIRST so the INF binds.
pub hwid: &'a str,
/// The USB VID&PID token (`VID_054C&PID_0CE6`) used to synthesize the USB hardware/compatible ids.
pub usb_vid_pid: &'a str,
/// USB composite interface number to synthesize (`&MI_xx` appended to the USB hardware ids).
/// hidclass mirrors the parent's `USB\VID…` tokens into the HID child's hardware ids, and
/// hidapi/SDL/Steam parse the child's `MI_` token as `bInterfaceNumber` (defaulting to 0 when
/// absent) — the Steam Deck's controller lives on interface 2, the gate the N4 spike hit.
pub usb_mi: Option<u8>,
/// Device description shown in Device Manager.
pub description: &'a str,
}
/// Spawn the per-session virtual controller devnode under enumerator `punktfunk` (instance
/// `profile.instance`). The returned `HSWDEVICE` owns it — `SwDeviceClose` removes it on drop, so the
/// pad appears/disappears with the session and nothing persists.
///
/// **Game-detection identity** (see `design/windows-dualsense-game-detection.md`). `HIDD_ATTRIBUTES`
/// alone (VID/PID via the IOCTL) satisfies SDL/HIDAPI/RawInput, but a native PS5 path (libScePad-
/// style raw HID) classifies the *connection type* by walking from the HID child to its parent
/// (`CM_Get_Parent`) and string-matching `"USB"`/`"BTHENUM"` in that parent's
/// `DEVPKEY_Device_CompatibleIds`; with no bus identity the pad reads as `UNKNOWN` and the native
/// path rejects it. So we set, via `SW_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO` (NOT `pProperties` — bus/identity info is
/// create-time-only and a `DEVPROPERTY` write of these keys is ignored):
/// - `pszzCompatibleIds` starting with a `USB\` token → the parent walk resolves `bus_type = USB`.
/// - `pszzHardwareIds` = `pf_dualsense` **first** (so the INF still binds our UMDF driver) followed
/// by `USB\VID_054C&PID_0CE6[&REV_0100]`, which makes hidclass derive the real-DualSense child
/// hardware ids `HID\VID_054C&PID_0CE6[&REV_0100]` (the set a genuine USB DS5 exposes).
/// - a deterministic, non-sentinel per-pad `pContainerId` (groups the pad's devnodes; avoids the
/// null-sentinel ContainerId that trips an `xinput1_4` slot-skip bug).
///
/// (Validated live on `.173`: the INF still binds, the child gains the `HID\VID&PID` ids, and the
/// parent walk reports USB. Remaining gap: GameInput parses VID/PID from the child *instance path*
/// `HID\punktfunk\…`, which only a real USB-bus instance path — a bus driver — would change.)
///
/// Two requirements each yield E_INVALIDARG if violated: the enumerator name must not contain `_`
/// (hence `punktfunk`, not `pf_dualsense`), and the completion callback is mandatory (the docs mark
/// `pCallback` as `[in]`, not optional — a NULL callback is rejected). The caller must be
/// Administrator (the host service runs as LocalSystem).
pub(super) fn create_swdevice(p: &SwDeviceProfile) -> Result<(HSWDEVICE, Option<String>)> {
// Build a double-NUL-terminated UTF-16 multi-sz from a list of ids.
let multi_sz = |ids: &[&str]| -> Vec<u16> {
ids.iter()
.flat_map(|s| s.encode_utf16().chain(std::iter::once(0)))
.chain(std::iter::once(0))
.collect()
};
let mi = p.usb_mi.map(|n| format!("&MI_{n:02}")).unwrap_or_default();
let usb_rev = format!("USB\\{}&REV_0100{mi}", p.usb_vid_pid);
let usb = format!("USB\\{}{mi}", p.usb_vid_pid);
let hwids = multi_sz(&[
p.hwid, // FIRST → the INF binds our UMDF driver on this id
usb_rev.as_str(),
usb.as_str(),
]);
let compat = multi_sz(&[
usb.as_str(), // a `USB\` token → native bus-type detection resolves USB
"USB\\Class_03&SubClass_00&Prot_00",
"USB\\Class_03",
]);
let instid: Vec<u16> = p
.instance
.encode_utf16()
.chain(std::iter::once(0))
.collect();
let desc: Vec<u16> = p
.description
.encode_utf16()
.chain(std::iter::once(0))
.collect();
// The pad index, stamped into the device Location — the driver reads it to poll `pfds-boot-<index>`
// (multi-pad). The buffer outlives the SwDeviceCreate call (we wait on the event before return).
let loc: Vec<u16> = format!("{}", p.container_index)
.encode_utf16()
.chain(std::iter::once(0))
.collect();
// Deterministic ContainerId {<tag>-0000-0000-0000-0000000000<idx>} (tag e.g. "PFDS"/"PFMO").
let container = GUID::from_values(
p.container_tag,
0x0000,
0x0000,
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, p.container_index],
);
// SAFETY: zeroed then the fields we use are set; cbSize identifies the struct version. The id
// buffers and `container` outlive the SwDeviceCreate call (we wait on the event before return).
let mut info: SW_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO = unsafe { std::mem::zeroed() };
info.cbSize = std::mem::size_of::<SW_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO>() as u32;
info.pszInstanceId = PCWSTR(instid.as_ptr());
info.pszzHardwareIds = PCWSTR(hwids.as_ptr());
info.pszzCompatibleIds = PCWSTR(compat.as_ptr());
info.pContainerId = &container;
info.pszDeviceDescription = PCWSTR(desc.as_ptr());
info.pszDeviceLocation = PCWSTR(loc.as_ptr());
info.CapabilityFlags = 0x0000_000B; // DriverRequired | SilentInstall | Removable
// SAFETY: a manual-reset, initially-unsignaled, unnamed event.
let event = unsafe { CreateEventW(None, true, false, PCWSTR::null())? };
// `result` starts as E_FAIL, NOT S_OK: if the wait below times out, a zero-initialised HRESULT
// would read as success and mask the failure (found by the 2026-07 driver-health audit).
let mut ctx = SwCreateCtx {
event,
result: E_FAIL,
instance_id: [0; 128],
};
// SAFETY: info + the buffers + ctx outlive the call (we wait on the event before returning);
// windows-rs returns the HSWDEVICE (the C out-param) as the Result value.
let hsw = match unsafe {
SwDeviceCreate(
w!("punktfunk"),
w!("HTREE\\ROOT\\0"),
&info,
None,
Some(sw_create_cb),
Some(&mut ctx as *mut SwCreateCtx as *const c_void),
)
} {
Ok(h) => h,
Err(e) => {
// SAFETY: event is valid.
unsafe {
let _ = CloseHandle(event);
}
return Err(anyhow!("SwDeviceCreate failed: {e}"));
}
};
// Block until PnP finishes enumerating (the callback signals), then check its result.
// SAFETY: event is valid.
let wait = unsafe { WaitForSingleObject(event, 10_000) };
// SAFETY: event is valid.
unsafe {
let _ = CloseHandle(event);
}
if wait != WAIT_OBJECT_0 {
// SAFETY: hsw is the handle SwDeviceCreate returned.
unsafe { SwDeviceClose(hsw) };
return Err(anyhow!(
"SwDeviceCreate enumeration callback never fired (10s) — PnP may be wedged"
));
}
if ctx.result.is_err() {
// SAFETY: hsw is the handle SwDeviceCreate returned.
unsafe { SwDeviceClose(hsw) };
return Err(anyhow!(
"SwDeviceCreate enumeration failed: {:?}",
ctx.result
));
}
Ok((hsw, ctx.instance_id()))
}
/// The identity a [`DsWinPad`] enumerates with — the plain DualSense or the Edge share the whole
/// transport (section layout, input report shape, output parse); only the `device_type` stamp and
/// the PnP identity differ. The DS4 differs in report codec too, so it keeps its own pad type.
pub(super) struct WinDsIdentity {
/// `device_type` stamped into the section (the driver picks its HID identity off it).
pub devtype: u8,
/// PnP instance-id prefix (`pf_pad` / `pf_edge`) — distinct namespaces per type.
pub instance_prefix: &'static str,
/// The INF-matched hardware id.
pub hwid: &'static str,
/// The USB VID&PID token for the synthesized bus identity.
pub usb_vid_pid: &'static str,
/// Device Manager description.
pub description: &'static str,
}
impl WinDsIdentity {
pub(super) const fn dualsense() -> WinDsIdentity {
WinDsIdentity {
devtype: 0,
instance_prefix: "pf_pad",
hwid: "pf_dualsense",
usb_vid_pid: "VID_054C&PID_0CE6",
description: "punktfunk Virtual DualSense",
}
}
pub(super) const fn dualsense_edge() -> WinDsIdentity {
WinDsIdentity {
devtype: DEVTYPE_DUALSENSE_EDGE,
instance_prefix: "pf_edge",
hwid: "pf_dualsenseedge",
usb_vid_pid: "VID_054C&PID_0DF2",
description: "punktfunk Virtual DualSense Edge",
}
}
}
impl DsWinPad {
/// Create the sealed channel (unnamed DATA section + `Global\pfds-boot-<index>` mailbox), stamp
/// the device type FIRST (so it's visible the moment magic is) + the pad index + a neutral
/// report + the magic LAST, then spawn the devnode (the driver loads on it and receives the
/// DATA handle over the bootstrap). The devnode lives for the pad's lifetime — dropping the pad
/// removes it (`SwDeviceClose`).
pub(super) fn open(index: u8, id: &WinDsIdentity) -> Result<DsWinPad> {
let boot_name = pf_driver_proto::gamepad::pad_boot_name(index);
let mut channel = PadChannel::create(boot_name.clone(), SHM_SIZE)?;
let base = channel.data_base();
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE writable bytes; the OFF_* offsets are in range.
unsafe {
*base.add(OFF_DEVTYPE) = id.devtype;
std::ptr::write_unaligned(base.add(OFF_PAD_INDEX) as *mut u32, index as u32);
std::ptr::write_unaligned(base.add(OFF_INPUT) as *mut [u8; DS_INPUT_REPORT_LEN], {
let mut r = [0u8; DS_INPUT_REPORT_LEN];
serialize_state(&mut r, &DsState::neutral(), 0, 0);
r
});
std::ptr::write_unaligned(base as *mut u32, SHM_MAGIC);
}
// Spawn the per-session devnode via SwDeviceCreate; `SwDeviceClose` removes it on drop. On the
// rare failure we keep the section + data plane and fall back to an out-of-band devnode
// (installer / dev-box devgen) — its persistent driver polls the same mailbox name.
let inst = format!("{}_{index}", id.instance_prefix);
let (hsw, instance_id) = match create_swdevice(&SwDeviceProfile {
instance: &inst,
container_tag: 0x5046_4453, // "PFDS"
container_index: index,
hwid: id.hwid,
usb_vid_pid: id.usb_vid_pid,
usb_mi: None, // single-interface USB devices (real DS/Edge have no MI_ token)
description: id.description,
}) {
Ok((h, i)) => (Some(h), i),
Err(e) => {
tracing::warn!(error = %format!("{e:#}"), hwid = id.hwid, "SwDeviceCreate failed; falling back to an out-of-band devnode");
(None, None)
}
};
let _sw = hsw.map(super::gamepad_raii::SwDevice::new);
// Bounded eager delivery so the driver holds the DATA section before hidclass asks it for
// descriptors (the driver reads `device_type` from the section to pick its HID identity).
channel.deliver_eager(Duration::from_millis(1500));
Ok(DsWinPad {
_sw,
channel,
attach: super::gamepad_raii::DriverAttach::new(
id.hwid,
"pf_dualsense.inf", // one driver package serves every PS identity
"C:\\Users\\Public\\pfds-driver.log",
boot_name,
instance_id,
),
seq: 0,
ts: 0,
last_out_seq: 0,
})
}
/// Serialize `st` into report `0x01` and publish it to the section's input slot.
pub(super) fn write_state(&mut self, st: &DsState) {
self.seq = self.seq.wrapping_add(1);
self.ts = self.ts.wrapping_add(1);
let mut r = [0u8; DS_INPUT_REPORT_LEN];
serialize_state(&mut r, st, self.seq, self.ts);
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE bytes; input slot is OFF_INPUT..OFF_INPUT+64. Unlike the
// XUSB `packet` / DualSense `out_seq` fields, the input path has NO driver-polled change-detect
// field to publish last: the `pf_dualsense` driver streams the whole `input` region to game
// READ_REPORTs on its ~125 Hz timer, and the report's own sequence counter (r[7], mid-report)
// is consumed by the game's HID stack, not the driver — so it cannot serve as a separable
// publish flag without a seqlock generation the driver `Acquire`-reads (a `PadShm` layout +
// driver change, deferred). The `Release` fence after the copy orders the report-body stores
// ahead of this pad's next `Release` publish (the bootstrap/seq stores in `channel.pump()`),
// giving the copy Release visibility on a weakly-ordered core (ARM64); on x86-TSO it is a
// no-op. Residual: absent a driver-side `Acquire` on a per-frame input generation, a torn
// single frame is still theoretically possible but self-heals on the next ~250 Hz write.
unsafe {
std::ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(
r.as_ptr(),
self.channel.data_base().add(OFF_INPUT),
r.len(),
);
fence(Ordering::Release);
};
}
/// Poll the section's output slot; parse a new `0x02` report (rumble / LEDs / triggers) into a
/// [`DsFeedback`] for pad `pad`. Returns empty feedback if the driver hasn't published anything
/// new. Also ticks the sealed-channel delivery and feeds the driver-attach health watcher (the
/// driver's ~125 Hz timer stamps `driver_proto` while it has the section mapped).
pub(super) fn service(&mut self, pad: u8) -> DsFeedback {
self.channel.pump();
let mut fb = DsFeedback::default();
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE bytes.
let proto = unsafe {
std::ptr::read_unaligned(self.channel.data_base().add(OFF_DRIVER_PROTO) as *const u32)
};
self.attach.observe(proto);
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE bytes; `OFF_OUT_SEQ` (== 72) is 4-aligned off the
// page-aligned base, so the `AtomicU32` view is valid. The driver bumps `out_seq` AFTER
// writing the `output` report, so an `Acquire` load here orders the `output` copy below after
// it — a fresh seq guarantees a coherent snapshot of the output bytes on a weakly-ordered core
// (ARM64). On x86-TSO it is a plain load.
let seq = unsafe {
(*(self.channel.data_base().add(OFF_OUT_SEQ) as *const AtomicU32))
.load(Ordering::Acquire)
};
if seq != self.last_out_seq {
self.last_out_seq = seq;
fb.fresh = true;
let mut out = [0u8; 64];
// SAFETY: output slot is OFF_OUTPUT..OFF_OUTPUT+64 within the section.
unsafe {
std::ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(
self.channel.data_base().add(OFF_OUTPUT),
out.as_mut_ptr(),
64,
)
};
parse_ds_output(pad, &out, &mut fb);
}
fb
}
}
/// The Windows-DualSense half of the shared stateful manager (see [`PadProto`]): the UMDF
/// sealed-channel open, the same [`DsState`] mappers as `linux/dualsense.rs`, and the section
/// feedback poll. Lifecycle (slot table, unplug sweep, heartbeat, dedup) lives in [`UhidManager`].
pub struct DsWinProto {
/// Fallback policy for the Steam back grips a client may send (the DualSense has no back-button
/// HID slot). `PUNKTFUNK_STEAM_REMAP=paddles=…`; default drop. Parity with `linux/dualsense.rs`.
remap: crate::steam_remap::RemapConfig,
}
impl Default for DsWinProto {
fn default() -> DsWinProto {
DsWinProto {
remap: crate::steam_remap::RemapConfig::from_env(),
}
}
}
impl PadProto for DsWinProto {
type Pad = DsWinPad;
type State = DsState;
const LABEL: &'static str = "DualSense/Windows";
const DEVICE: &'static str = "DualSense";
const CREATE_HINT: &'static str =
" (install/repair: punktfunk-host.exe driver install --gamepad)";
fn open(&mut self, idx: u8) -> Result<DsWinPad> {
let p = DsWinPad::open(idx, &WinDsIdentity::dualsense())?;
tracing::info!(
index = idx,
"virtual DualSense created (Windows UMDF shm channel)"
);
Ok(p)
}
fn neutral(&self) -> DsState {
DsState::neutral()
}
/// Merge buttons/sticks/triggers from the frame, preserving touch + motion + pad clicks (rich-
/// plane fields that must survive a button-only frame) — exactly as `linux/dualsense.rs` does.
fn merge_frame(&self, prev: &DsState, f: &punktfunk_core::input::GamepadFrame) -> DsState {
// Steam back grips have no DualSense slot — fold them onto standard buttons per the
// configured policy (default drop) so they aren't silently lost.
let buttons = crate::steam_remap::fold_paddles(f.buttons, self.remap.paddles);
let mut s = DsState::from_gamepad(
buttons,
f.ls_x,
f.ls_y,
f.rs_x,
f.rs_y,
f.left_trigger,
f.right_trigger,
);
s.touch = prev.touch;
s.gyro = prev.gyro;
s.accel = prev.accel;
s.touch_click = prev.touch_click;
s
}
/// The shared DualSense-family mapping (dualsense_proto::DsState::apply_rich): Steam dual pads
/// split the one touchpad left/right, pad clicks ride touch_click.
fn apply_rich(&self, st: &mut DsState, rich: RichInput) {
st.apply_rich(rich, DS_TOUCH_W, DS_TOUCH_H);
}
fn write_state(&self, pad: &mut DsWinPad, st: &DsState) {
pad.write_state(st);
}
/// Poll the section for a game's feedback: motor rumble on the universal 0xCA plane, the rich
/// lightbar/player-LED/trigger events on the 0xCD plane.
fn service(&self, pad: &mut DsWinPad, idx: u8) -> PadFeedback {
let fb = pad.service(idx);
PadFeedback {
rumble: fb.rumble,
hidout: fb.hidout,
game_drove: Some(fb.fresh),
}
}
}
/// **N4 spike** (gamepad-new-types §6, timeboxed): create a software-devnode HID **Steam Deck**
/// (`device_type = 3`, `VID_28DE&PID_1205`) and hold it for `secs`, streaming the neutral Deck
/// frame, so the go/no-go question — does Steam Input on Windows promote a software-devnode HID
/// Deck, or does it require a real USB bus identity (the documented GameInput instance-path
/// gap)? — can be answered by watching Steam's `logs/controller.txt` / controller settings
/// while this holds. Never used by a session; wired to the `deck-windows-spike` subcommand.
pub fn deck_spike_hold(index: u8, secs: u64) -> Result<()> {
let boot_name = pf_driver_proto::gamepad::pad_boot_name(index);
let mut channel = PadChannel::create(boot_name, SHM_SIZE)?;
let base = channel.data_base();
// Neutral Deck input frame: [0x01, 0x00, ID_CONTROLLER_DECK_STATE=0x09, 0x3C], all released.
let mut neutral = [0u8; 64];
(neutral[0], neutral[2], neutral[3]) = (0x01, 0x09, 0x3C);
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE writable bytes; the OFF_* offsets are in range. Device-type
// FIRST, magic LAST — the same publish order the session pads use.
unsafe {
*base.add(OFF_DEVTYPE) = pf_driver_proto::gamepad::DEVTYPE_STEAMDECK;
std::ptr::write_unaligned(base.add(OFF_PAD_INDEX) as *mut u32, index as u32);
std::ptr::write_unaligned(base.add(OFF_INPUT) as *mut [u8; 64], neutral);
std::ptr::write_unaligned(base as *mut u32, SHM_MAGIC);
}
let inst = format!("pf_deckspike_{index}");
let (hsw, _) = create_swdevice(&SwDeviceProfile {
instance: &inst,
container_tag: 0x5046_4453, // "PFDS"
container_index: index,
hwid: "pf_steamdeck",
usb_vid_pid: "VID_28DE&PID_1205",
// The Deck's controller interface — the promotion gate the first spike run hit
// (hidapi parses MI_ from the child hwids; absent = interface 0, Steam wants 2).
usb_mi: Some(2),
description: "punktfunk Virtual Steam Deck (spike)",
})?;
let _sw = super::gamepad_raii::SwDevice::new(hsw);
channel.deliver_eager(std::time::Duration::from_millis(1500));
println!(
"virtual Steam Deck devnode up (28DE:1205, device_type 3) — holding {secs}s.\n\
Observe: Get-PnpDevice -PresentOnly | findstr 1205; Steam logs\\controller.txt for a\n\
detect/promote line; Steam Settings > Controller for a 'Steam Deck' entry.\n\
GO = Steam lists/promotes it; NO-GO = it never appears (the Linux `Interface: -1` gap\n\
applies verbatim document and keep the SteamDeck->DualSense Windows fold)."
);
let deadline = std::time::Instant::now() + std::time::Duration::from_secs(secs);
let mut last_out_seq = 0u32;
while std::time::Instant::now() < deadline {
channel.pump();
// Log any feature/output traffic Steam sends — each one is spike evidence.
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE bytes; OFF_OUT_SEQ is in range.
let seq =
unsafe { std::ptr::read_unaligned(channel.data_base().add(OFF_OUT_SEQ) as *const u32) };
if seq != last_out_seq {
last_out_seq = seq;
let mut out = [0u8; 16];
// SAFETY: output slot is OFF_OUTPUT..OFF_OUTPUT+64 within the section.
unsafe {
std::ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(
channel.data_base().add(OFF_OUTPUT),
out.as_mut_ptr(),
16,
)
};
println!(" output report from a client (Steam?): {out:02x?}");
}
std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(50));
}
println!("deck-windows-spike: done (devnode removed on exit)");
Ok(())
}
/// All virtual DualSense pads of a session — the Windows analogue of
/// [`DualSenseManager`](super::dualsense::DualSenseManager). Same method surface (via the shared
/// [`UhidManager`]) so the session input thread drives either backend identically. The heartbeat
/// keeps the section fresh (the driver's timer streams whatever's in it) — parity with the UHID
/// backend's silence heartbeat.
pub type DualSenseWindowsManager = UhidManager<DsWinProto>;
@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
//! Virtual Sony DualShock 4 on Windows via the UMDF minidriver — the PS4 sibling of
//! [`super::dualsense_windows`]. Same transport (a per-session `SwDeviceCreate` devnode + the sealed
//! shared-memory channel bootstrapped via `Global\pfds-boot-<idx>`), same controller model
//! ([`DsState`]); only the PnP identity (`VID_054C&PID_09CC`, hardware id `pf_dualshock4`) and the
//! report codec ([`super::dualshock4_proto`]) differ. The host stamps `device_type = 1` (DualShock 4)
//! into the DATA section so the one UMDF driver serves the DS4 descriptor / attributes / features
//! instead of the DualSense ones. Feedback is motor rumble (universal 0xCA plane) + the lightbar
//! (0xCD `Led`); a DS4 has no adaptive triggers / player LEDs.
use super::dualsense_proto::DsState;
use super::dualsense_windows::{
create_swdevice, SwDeviceProfile, DEVTYPE_DUALSHOCK4, OFF_DEVTYPE, OFF_DRIVER_PROTO, OFF_INPUT,
OFF_OUTPUT, OFF_OUT_SEQ, OFF_PAD_INDEX, SHM_MAGIC, SHM_SIZE,
};
use super::dualshock4_proto::{
parse_ds4_output, serialize_state, Ds4Feedback, DS4_INPUT_REPORT_LEN, DS4_TOUCH_H, DS4_TOUCH_W,
};
use super::gamepad_raii::PadChannel;
use crate::uhid_manager::{PadFeedback, PadProto, UhidManager};
use anyhow::Result;
use punktfunk_core::quic::{HidOutput, RichInput};
use std::time::Duration;
/// A single virtual DualShock 4: the `SwDeviceCreate`'d `pf_ds4_<index>` devnode plus the sealed
/// shared-memory channel. Dropping it removes the devnode and closes both sections.
/// `pub`: the type appears as `type Pad` in the `PadProto` impl (a public trait), like the
/// Linux pads.
pub struct Ds4WinPad {
/// Per-session devnode from SwDeviceCreate, when it succeeds (RAII — `SwDeviceClose` on drop).
_sw: Option<super::gamepad_raii::SwDevice>,
/// The sealed channel: unnamed DATA section (`PadShm`) + bootstrap mailbox + handle delivery.
channel: PadChannel,
/// Watches the section's `driver_proto` field and logs attach / never-attached diagnosis.
attach: super::gamepad_raii::DriverAttach,
counter: u8,
ts: u16,
last_out_seq: u32,
}
impl Ds4WinPad {
/// Create the sealed channel, stamp `device_type = DualShock 4` + the pad index + a neutral
/// report + the magic LAST, then spawn the `pf_ds4_<index>` devnode (the driver loads on it and
/// receives the DATA handle over the bootstrap).
fn open(index: u8) -> Result<Ds4WinPad> {
let boot_name = pf_driver_proto::gamepad::pad_boot_name(index);
let mut channel = PadChannel::create(boot_name.clone(), SHM_SIZE)?;
let base = channel.data_base();
// device-type FIRST (so it's visible the moment magic is), pad index, neutral report,
// magic LAST.
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE writable bytes; the OFF_* offsets are in range.
unsafe {
*base.add(OFF_DEVTYPE) = DEVTYPE_DUALSHOCK4;
std::ptr::write_unaligned(base.add(OFF_PAD_INDEX) as *mut u32, index as u32);
std::ptr::write_unaligned(base.add(OFF_INPUT) as *mut [u8; DS4_INPUT_REPORT_LEN], {
let mut r = [0u8; DS4_INPUT_REPORT_LEN];
serialize_state(&mut r, &DsState::neutral(), 0, 0);
r
});
std::ptr::write_unaligned(base as *mut u32, SHM_MAGIC);
}
let inst = format!("pf_ds4_{index}");
let (hsw, instance_id) = match create_swdevice(&SwDeviceProfile {
instance: &inst,
container_tag: 0x5046_4453, // "PFDS"
container_index: index,
hwid: "pf_dualshock4",
usb_vid_pid: "VID_054C&PID_09CC",
usb_mi: None,
description: "punktfunk Virtual DualShock 4",
}) {
Ok((h, id)) => (Some(h), id),
Err(e) => {
tracing::warn!(error = %format!("{e:#}"), "SwDeviceCreate failed; DualShock 4 devnode unavailable");
(None, None)
}
};
let _sw = hsw.map(super::gamepad_raii::SwDevice::new);
// Bounded eager delivery — for the DS4 this is what closes the identity race: the driver
// must read `device_type = 1` from the delivered DATA section before hidclass asks it for
// descriptors, or the pad would enumerate with the (default) DualSense identity.
channel.deliver_eager(Duration::from_millis(1500));
Ok(Ds4WinPad {
_sw,
channel,
attach: super::gamepad_raii::DriverAttach::new(
"pf_dualshock4",
"pf_dualsense.inf", // one driver package serves both HID identities
"C:\\Users\\Public\\pfds-driver.log",
boot_name,
instance_id,
),
counter: 0,
ts: 0,
last_out_seq: 0,
})
}
/// Serialize `st` into report `0x01` and publish it to the section's input slot.
fn write_state(&mut self, st: &DsState) {
self.counter = self.counter.wrapping_add(1);
self.ts = self.ts.wrapping_add(188); // ~1ms in the DS4's 5.33µs sensor-clock units
let mut r = [0u8; DS4_INPUT_REPORT_LEN];
serialize_state(&mut r, st, self.counter, self.ts);
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE bytes; input slot is OFF_INPUT..OFF_INPUT+64.
unsafe {
std::ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(
r.as_ptr(),
self.channel.data_base().add(OFF_INPUT),
r.len(),
)
};
}
/// Poll the section's output slot; parse a new `0x05` report (rumble / lightbar) into a
/// [`Ds4Feedback`]. Returns empty feedback if the driver hasn't published anything new. Also
/// ticks the sealed-channel delivery and feeds the driver-attach health watcher (the driver's
/// ~125 Hz timer stamps `driver_proto`).
fn service(&mut self) -> Ds4Feedback {
self.channel.pump();
let mut fb = Ds4Feedback::default();
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE bytes.
let proto = unsafe {
std::ptr::read_unaligned(self.channel.data_base().add(OFF_DRIVER_PROTO) as *const u32)
};
self.attach.observe(proto);
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE bytes.
let seq = unsafe {
std::ptr::read_unaligned(self.channel.data_base().add(OFF_OUT_SEQ) as *const u32)
};
if seq != self.last_out_seq {
self.last_out_seq = seq;
fb.fresh = true;
let mut out = [0u8; 64];
// SAFETY: output slot is OFF_OUTPUT..OFF_OUTPUT+64 within the section.
unsafe {
std::ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(
self.channel.data_base().add(OFF_OUTPUT),
out.as_mut_ptr(),
64,
)
};
parse_ds4_output(&out, &mut fb);
}
fb
}
}
/// The Windows-DualShock-4 half of the shared stateful manager (see [`PadProto`]): the UMDF
/// sealed-channel open (device-type 1), the same [`DsState`] mappers as `linux/dualshock4.rs`, and
/// the section feedback poll. Lifecycle (slot table, unplug sweep, heartbeat, dedup) lives in
/// [`UhidManager`]; the lightbar dedup that used to be a bespoke `last_led` vec now rides the
/// shared `HidoutDedup` (identical semantics — `Led` is compared against the last-forwarded value
/// and re-armed on create/unplug).
pub struct Ds4WinProto {
/// Fallback policy for the Steam back grips a client may send (the DS4 has no back-button HID
/// slot). `PUNKTFUNK_STEAM_REMAP=paddles=…`; default drop. Parity with `linux/dualshock4.rs`.
remap: crate::steam_remap::RemapConfig,
}
impl Default for Ds4WinProto {
fn default() -> Ds4WinProto {
Ds4WinProto {
remap: crate::steam_remap::RemapConfig::from_env(),
}
}
}
impl PadProto for Ds4WinProto {
type Pad = Ds4WinPad;
type State = DsState;
const LABEL: &'static str = "DualShock 4/Windows";
const DEVICE: &'static str = "DualShock 4";
const CREATE_HINT: &'static str =
" (install/repair: punktfunk-host.exe driver install --gamepad)";
fn open(&mut self, idx: u8) -> Result<Ds4WinPad> {
let p = Ds4WinPad::open(idx)?;
tracing::info!(
index = idx,
"virtual DualShock 4 created (Windows UMDF shm channel)"
);
Ok(p)
}
fn neutral(&self) -> DsState {
DsState::neutral()
}
/// Merge buttons/sticks/triggers from the frame, preserving touch + motion + pad clicks (rich-
/// plane fields that must survive a button-only frame) — exactly as `linux/dualshock4.rs` does.
fn merge_frame(&self, prev: &DsState, f: &punktfunk_core::input::GamepadFrame) -> DsState {
// Steam back grips have no DS4 slot — fold them onto standard buttons per the configured
// policy (default drop) so they aren't silently lost.
let buttons = crate::steam_remap::fold_paddles(f.buttons, self.remap.paddles);
let mut s = DsState::from_gamepad(
buttons,
f.ls_x,
f.ls_y,
f.rs_x,
f.rs_y,
f.left_trigger,
f.right_trigger,
);
s.touch = prev.touch;
s.gyro = prev.gyro;
s.accel = prev.accel;
s.touch_click = prev.touch_click;
s
}
/// The shared DualSense-family mapping (dualsense_proto::DsState::apply_rich): Steam dual pads
/// split the one touchpad left/right, pad clicks ride touch_click.
fn apply_rich(&self, st: &mut DsState, rich: RichInput) {
st.apply_rich(rich, DS4_TOUCH_W, DS4_TOUCH_H);
}
fn write_state(&self, pad: &mut Ds4WinPad, st: &DsState) {
pad.write_state(st);
}
/// Poll the section for a game's feedback: motor rumble on the universal 0xCA plane, the
/// lightbar as a 0xCD `Led` event (a DS4 has no player LEDs / adaptive triggers).
fn service(&self, pad: &mut Ds4WinPad, idx: u8) -> PadFeedback {
let fb = pad.service();
PadFeedback {
rumble: fb.rumble,
hidout: fb
.led
.map(|(r, g, b)| HidOutput::Led { pad: idx, r, g, b })
.into_iter()
.collect(),
game_drove: Some(fb.fresh),
}
}
}
/// All virtual DualShock 4 pads of a session — the Windows analogue of
/// [`DualShock4Manager`](super::dualshock4::DualShock4Manager), with the same method surface (via
/// the shared [`UhidManager`]) as the Windows DualSense manager so the session input thread drives
/// either backend identically.
pub type DualShock4WindowsManager = UhidManager<Ds4WinProto>;
@@ -0,0 +1,714 @@
//! Per-pad Windows resource RAII + the **sealed gamepad channel** broker (DualSense / DualShock 4 /
//! XUSB backends).
//!
//! Each virtual pad owns three OS resources: the **unnamed** DATA section the `pf_dualsense`/`pf_xusb`
//! driver works against (`XusbShm`/`PadShm`), the tiny **named** bootstrap mailbox
//! (`pf_driver_proto::gamepad::PadBootstrap`) that hands the driver a duplicated handle to it, and the
//! `SwDeviceCreate`'d software devnode the driver loads on. [`Shm`] and [`SwDevice`] own the resources
//! with RAII; [`PadChannel`] owns the two sections plus the delivery handshake.
//!
//! **Why the channel is sealed** (`design/gamepad-channel-sealing.md`): the DATA section used to be a
//! `Global\pf…-shm-<index>` named section with an SY+LS DACL, which let any *sibling LocalService*
//! process open it by name to read the live controller input or inject/forge input and rumble — the
//! same name-open vector the frame ring closed (`design/idd-push-security.md`). The DATA section is now
//! UNNAMED with a SYSTEM-only DACL and reaches the driver exclusively as a handle this host duplicated
//! into its WUDFHost (a duplicated handle carries the source's access, so no LS ACE is needed). The pad
//! drivers are UMDF HID minidrivers with **no control device** (hidclass owns the stack), so unlike the
//! frame channel there is no IOCTL to deliver the handle or learn the WUDFHost pid — hence the
//! late-bound [`PadBootstrap`] mailbox handshake, the one *named* object left. It carries only pids and
//! a handle VALUE (meaningless outside the target process), so tampering with it yields at worst a
//! gamepad DoS, never a read or an injection; the empirical floor from the frame work holds here too
//! (a LocalService token is DACL-denied `OpenProcess` on a UMDF WUDFHost for every access right).
use anyhow::{anyhow, bail, Context, Result};
use pf_driver_proto::gamepad::{PadBootstrap, BOOT_MAGIC, GAMEPAD_PROTO_VERSION};
use std::ffi::c_void;
use std::os::windows::io::{AsRawHandle, FromRawHandle, OwnedHandle};
use std::sync::atomic::{fence, AtomicU32, AtomicU64, Ordering};
use std::sync::OnceLock;
use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
use windows::core::{w, HRESULT, HSTRING, PCWSTR};
use windows::Win32::Devices::DeviceAndDriverInstallation::{
CM_Get_DevNode_Status, CM_Locate_DevNodeW, CM_DEVNODE_STATUS_FLAGS, CM_LOCATE_DEVNODE_NORMAL,
CM_PROB, CR_SUCCESS, DN_DRIVER_LOADED, DN_HAS_PROBLEM, DN_STARTED,
};
use windows::Win32::Devices::Enumeration::Pnp::{SwDeviceClose, HSWDEVICE};
use windows::Win32::Foundation::{
DuplicateHandle, GetLastError, LocalFree, SetLastError, DUPLICATE_HANDLE_OPTIONS,
ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS, HANDLE, HLOCAL, INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, WIN32_ERROR,
};
use windows::Win32::Security::Authorization::{
ConvertStringSecurityDescriptorToSecurityDescriptorW, SDDL_REVISION_1,
};
use windows::Win32::Security::{PSECURITY_DESCRIPTOR, SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES};
use windows::Win32::System::Memory::{
CreateFileMappingW, MapViewOfFile, UnmapViewOfFile, FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS,
MEMORY_MAPPED_VIEW_ADDRESS, PAGE_READWRITE,
};
use windows::Win32::System::Threading::{
GetCurrentProcess, OpenProcess, SetEvent, PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE, PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION,
};
/// Least access the pad driver needs on the duplicated DATA section: it only MAPS it read/write, so
/// `SECTION_MAP_READ | SECTION_MAP_WRITE` (== the driver's `FILE_MAP_RW`). Granted explicitly in
/// [`PadChannel::deliver_to`] instead of `DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS` (least privilege for the sealed
/// section — the driver's handle then can't take ownership / change security / delete the object).
const SECTION_MAP_RW: u32 = 0x0004 | 0x0002;
/// An anonymous (pagefile-backed) shared section + its mapped read/write view. RAII: drop unmaps the
/// view, then the [`OwnedHandle`] closes the section handle (in that order). Created either
/// [unnamed](Self::create_unnamed) (the sealed DATA section — reachable only by handle duplication) or
/// [named](Self::create_named) (the bootstrap mailbox the driver opens by name).
pub(super) struct Shm {
/// Owns the section handle (closed on drop). Also the duplication source for the sealed channel —
/// see [`Shm::raw_handle`].
handle: OwnedHandle,
view: MEMORY_MAPPED_VIEW_ADDRESS,
}
/// Owns an SDDL-derived `SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES` **and** the OS-allocated security descriptor its
/// `lpSecurityDescriptor` points at (`ConvertStringSecurityDescriptorToSecurityDescriptorW`
/// `LocalAlloc`s the descriptor). Drop `LocalFree`s it, so a `SecAttr` must outlive every
/// `CreateFileMappingW` that borrows its `sa`: the section copies the security info at create time, so
/// freeing after the create returns is safe — hence [`Shm::create_named`] builds one `SecAttr` before
/// its squat-retry loop and reuses it across attempts instead of re-allocating (and re-leaking) per
/// attempt.
struct SecAttr {
sa: SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES,
psd: PSECURITY_DESCRIPTOR,
}
impl Drop for SecAttr {
fn drop(&mut self) {
// SAFETY: `psd` is the descriptor `ConvertStringSecurityDescriptorToSecurityDescriptorW`
// allocated for us with `LocalAlloc`; release it with the matching `LocalFree`. Every
// `CreateFileMappingW` that borrowed `self.sa` has already returned (so has copied the
// security info into its section object), so no live `SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES` still points here.
unsafe {
let _ = LocalFree(Some(HLOCAL(self.psd.0)));
}
}
}
/// Build a [`SecAttr`] from an SDDL literal — a `SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES` plus the descriptor it borrows,
/// freed together on drop. The returned owner must outlive every `CreateFileMappingW` that borrows
/// its `sa` (see [`SecAttr`]).
fn sddl_sa(sddl: PCWSTR) -> Result<SecAttr> {
let mut psd = PSECURITY_DESCRIPTOR::default();
// SAFETY: the SDDL literal is valid; `psd` receives a `LocalAlloc`'d descriptor that `SecAttr`'s
// `Drop` `LocalFree`s once the section create that borrows it has returned.
unsafe {
ConvertStringSecurityDescriptorToSecurityDescriptorW(
sddl,
SDDL_REVISION_1,
&mut psd,
None,
)?;
}
Ok(SecAttr {
sa: SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES {
nLength: core::mem::size_of::<SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES>() as u32,
lpSecurityDescriptor: psd.0,
bInheritHandle: false.into(),
},
psd,
})
}
impl Shm {
/// Create + zero an **unnamed** `size`-byte section, mapped read/write — the sealed DATA section.
/// SDDL `D:P(A;;GA;;;SY)` (SYSTEM-only, protected): with no name there is nothing to enumerate,
/// open, or squat, and the driver reaches it through a duplicated handle, which carries the
/// source's access without re-checking the object DACL (the exact property the frame ring
/// validated on-glass — `design/idd-push-security.md`).
pub(super) fn create_unnamed(size: usize) -> Result<Shm> {
let sa = sddl_sa(w!("D:P(A;;GA;;;SY)"))?;
// `sa` owns the descriptor and lives to the end of this fn, so it outlives the create.
Self::create_inner(&sa.sa, PCWSTR::null(), size)
.context("create unnamed gamepad DATA section")
}
/// Create + zero a **named** `size`-byte section, mapped read/write — the bootstrap mailbox. SDDL
/// `D:(A;;GA;;;SY)(A;;GA;;;LS)`: SYSTEM (this host) + LocalService (the driver's WUDFHost opens it
/// by name). Safe to leave name-openable because it carries nothing exploitable (see the module
/// docs). **Squat-checked**: `Global\` names are creatable by any service holding
/// `SeCreateGlobalPrivilege` (LocalService has it), so if the name already exists —
/// `ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS`, meaning `CreateFileMappingW` silently *opened* a pre-existing object we
/// don't control — we close and retry briefly (our own driver holds the name for microseconds per
/// poll tick), then fail loudly rather than run the handshake through an attacker-owned (or
/// another host instance's) mailbox.
pub(super) fn create_named(name: &HSTRING, size: usize) -> Result<Shm> {
// Build the descriptor ONCE and reuse it across the squat-retry loop — it (and the OS
// allocation it owns) lives to the end of this fn, so it outlives every create below.
// `D:P` (protected) — strip any inherited ACEs so only SYSTEM + LocalService are granted,
// matching the intent of the other named objects (security-review 2026-07-17).
let sa = sddl_sa(w!("D:P(A;;GA;;;SY)(A;;GA;;;LS)"))?;
for attempt in 0..5 {
if attempt > 0 {
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(50));
}
// SAFETY: clearing the thread error slot so ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS below is unambiguous.
unsafe { SetLastError(WIN32_ERROR(0)) };
let shm = Self::create_inner(&sa.sa, PCWSTR(name.as_ptr()), size)
.with_context(|| format!("create gamepad bootstrap mailbox {name}"))?;
// SAFETY: read immediately after the create; windows-rs only touches the error slot on
// failure, so a success here preserves CreateFileMappingW's ALREADY_EXISTS signal.
if unsafe { GetLastError() } != ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS {
return Ok(shm);
}
// `shm` drops here → unmap + close our handle to the foreign object, then retry.
}
bail!(
"bootstrap mailbox {name} already exists and stayed alive across retries — another \
punktfunk-host instance is serving this pad index, or a local service is squatting the \
name (gamepad DoS attempt?)"
);
}
fn create_inner(sa: &SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES, name: PCWSTR, size: usize) -> Result<Shm> {
// SAFETY: an anonymous (pagefile-backed) section of `size` bytes with the caller's SDDL; the
// descriptor behind `sa` outlives this call (owned by the caller's `SecAttr`, freed only once
// every create that borrows it has returned).
let map = unsafe {
CreateFileMappingW(
INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE,
Some(sa),
PAGE_READWRITE,
0,
size as u32,
name,
)?
};
// SAFETY: `map` is a fresh section handle we own; take ownership immediately so that the early
// return below (and the eventual drop) closes it. `map` (a `Copy` `HANDLE`) stays usable for the
// `MapViewOfFile` borrow that follows — `from_raw_handle` only copies the inner pointer.
let handle = unsafe { OwnedHandle::from_raw_handle(map.0) };
// SAFETY: `map` is a valid section handle; map the whole thing read/write.
let view = unsafe { MapViewOfFile(map, FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS, 0, 0, size) };
if view.Value.is_null() {
// `handle` drops here → closes the section. No view to unmap.
return Err(anyhow!("MapViewOfFile failed"));
}
// SAFETY: `view` points at `size` writable bytes (just mapped).
unsafe { core::ptr::write_bytes(view.Value as *mut u8, 0, size) };
Ok(Shm { handle, view })
}
/// The mapped section's base pointer. Stable for the `Shm`'s lifetime (moving the `Shm` does not
/// relocate the OS mapping — the view address is fixed by `MapViewOfFile`).
pub(super) fn base(&self) -> *mut u8 {
self.view.Value as *mut u8
}
/// The section handle as a borrowed `HANDLE` (the sealed channel's duplication source).
fn raw_handle(&self) -> HANDLE {
HANDLE(self.handle.as_raw_handle())
}
}
impl Drop for Shm {
fn drop(&mut self) {
// SAFETY: `view` came from `MapViewOfFile`; unmap it BEFORE the `handle` field closes the
// section (struct fields drop only after this `Drop::drop` returns).
unsafe {
let _ = UnmapViewOfFile(self.view);
}
}
}
// ── The sealed-channel bootstrap broker ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
/// Global delivery sequence for [`PadBootstrap::handle_seq`] — host-wide monotonic and never 0, so two
/// consecutive pads on the same index can't hand the (persistent, out-of-band-devnode) driver the same
/// seq twice. Starts at 1.
static BOOT_SEQ: AtomicU32 = AtomicU32::new(1);
/// Hard cap on delivery attempts per pad: each attempt duplicates a handle into a WUDFHost, so a
/// tampered mailbox flapping `driver_pid` must not mint unbounded remote handles (DoS containment).
/// A legitimate pad needs exactly one (a driver restart within one pad lifetime is not a thing —
/// the WUDFHost dies with the devnode).
const MAX_DELIVERY_ATTEMPTS: u32 = 16;
/// One pad's sealed host↔driver channel: the unnamed DATA section (the real `XusbShm`/`PadShm`), the
/// named bootstrap mailbox, and the delivery state machine ([`Self::pump`]) that hands the driver's
/// WUDFHost a duplicated DATA handle once it publishes its pid. Owns both sections (RAII teardown —
/// dropping the channel closes the mailbox, whose *name* then disappears, which is how a persistent
/// (out-of-band-devnode) driver detects the host is gone).
pub(super) struct PadChannel {
data: Shm,
boot: Shm,
boot_name: String,
/// Last `driver_pid` acted on (delivered or rejected) — never retry the same value, so a failed
/// verify can't be spun into a hot loop by a static mailbox.
last_seen_pid: u32,
attempts: u32,
delivered: bool,
warned_proto: bool,
warned_cap: bool,
}
impl PadChannel {
/// Create the unnamed DATA section (`data_size` bytes, zeroed — the caller stamps its layout and
/// magic) plus the named bootstrap mailbox, stamped `host_proto` first and `BOOT_MAGIC` last so a
/// driver only trusts a fully-initialized mailbox.
pub(super) fn create(boot_name: String, data_size: usize) -> Result<PadChannel> {
let data = Shm::create_unnamed(data_size)?;
let boot = Shm::create_named(
&HSTRING::from(boot_name.as_str()),
core::mem::size_of::<PadBootstrap>(),
)?;
let base = boot.base();
// SAFETY: `base` is the live, page-aligned mailbox view (>= size_of::<PadBootstrap>()); the
// field offsets are pinned by the proto's asserts and naturally aligned, so the atomic views
// are valid. `host_proto` is published BEFORE `magic` (Release) — a driver that observes the
// magic (Acquire) sees the version.
unsafe {
(*(base.add(core::mem::offset_of!(PadBootstrap, host_proto)) as *const AtomicU32))
.store(GAMEPAD_PROTO_VERSION, Ordering::Relaxed);
fence(Ordering::Release);
(*(base.add(core::mem::offset_of!(PadBootstrap, magic)) as *const AtomicU32))
.store(BOOT_MAGIC, Ordering::Release);
}
Ok(PadChannel {
data,
boot,
boot_name,
last_seen_pid: 0,
attempts: 0,
delivered: false,
warned_proto: false,
warned_cap: false,
})
}
/// The DATA section's mapped base (the host side of `XusbShm`/`PadShm`).
pub(super) fn data_base(&self) -> *mut u8 {
self.data.base()
}
/// The bootstrap mailbox name (log labelling).
pub(super) fn boot_name(&self) -> &str {
&self.boot_name
}
/// Atomic `u32` load from a mailbox field.
fn boot_load(&self, off: usize) -> u32 {
// SAFETY: the mailbox view is live (owned by `self.boot`), page-aligned, and every
// `PadBootstrap` u32 field offset is 4-aligned (proto asserts), so the atomic view is valid;
// no reference into the shared region outlives the load.
unsafe { (*(self.boot.base().add(off) as *const AtomicU32)).load(Ordering::Acquire) }
}
/// One tick of the delivery state machine — called from the pad's regular service pump (≤4 ms
/// cadence) and from [`Self::deliver_eager`]. Cheap when idle: two atomic loads.
pub(super) fn pump(&mut self) {
// Version diagnostics: the driver writes its own proto version even when it refuses to
// publish a pid (host/driver mismatch), so the operator sees WHY the pad never attaches.
let drv_proto = self.boot_load(core::mem::offset_of!(PadBootstrap, driver_proto));
if drv_proto != 0 && drv_proto != GAMEPAD_PROTO_VERSION && !self.warned_proto {
self.warned_proto = true;
tracing::warn!(
mailbox = %self.boot_name,
driver_proto = drv_proto,
host_proto = GAMEPAD_PROTO_VERSION,
"gamepad driver/host protocol mismatch on the bootstrap mailbox — update the \
drivers: punktfunk-host.exe driver install --gamepad"
);
}
let pid = self.boot_load(core::mem::offset_of!(PadBootstrap, driver_pid));
if pid == 0 || pid == self.last_seen_pid {
return;
}
self.last_seen_pid = pid;
if self.attempts >= MAX_DELIVERY_ATTEMPTS {
if !self.warned_cap {
self.warned_cap = true;
tracing::warn!(
mailbox = %self.boot_name,
attempts = self.attempts,
"gamepad channel delivery cap reached — the bootstrap mailbox keeps changing \
its driver pid (tampering?); no further handles will be duplicated"
);
}
return;
}
self.attempts += 1;
match self.deliver_to(pid) {
Ok(seq) => {
self.delivered = true;
tracing::info!(
mailbox = %self.boot_name,
wudf_pid = pid,
seq,
"sealed gamepad channel delivered (DATA handle duplicated into the driver's \
WUDFHost)"
);
}
Err(e) => {
tracing::warn!(
mailbox = %self.boot_name,
pid,
error = %format!("{e:#}"),
"sealed gamepad channel delivery failed — will retry when the mailbox reports \
a different driver pid"
);
}
}
}
/// Duplicate the DATA section into `pid`'s handle table (after verifying it is a genuine
/// WUDFHost) and publish the handle value + owning pid, bumping `handle_seq` LAST. The driver
/// adopts the handle by consuming the delivery; an unconsumed duplicate dies with the target
/// process (nothing to reap — there is no fallible step after the duplication).
fn deliver_to(&self, pid: u32) -> Result<u32> {
// SAFETY: plain FFI; the handle (checked by `?`) is owned solely here and moved into the
// `OwnedHandle` (single owner, closes on drop); `verify_is_wudfhost` borrows it for the
// synchronous check and forms no lasting alias.
let process = unsafe {
let h = OpenProcess(
PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE | PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION,
false,
pid,
)
.context("OpenProcess(PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE) on the mailbox-reported pid")?;
let process = OwnedHandle::from_raw_handle(h.0 as _);
pf_capture::verify_is_wudfhost(
HANDLE(process.as_raw_handle()),
pid,
"gamepad-channel",
)?;
process
};
let mut remote = HANDLE::default();
// SAFETY: `self.data.raw_handle()` is the live section handle this channel owns;
// `process` is the live PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE target; `&mut remote` is a valid out-param.
// Least privilege: the pad driver only MAPS the DATA section read/write (its `FILE_MAP_RW` =
// `SECTION_MAP_READ | SECTION_MAP_WRITE`), so grant exactly that instead of copying our
// full-access creator handle via `DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS` (Chen: don't over-grant unnamed
// shared objects — a compromised driver's handle then can't `WRITE_DAC`/`DELETE` the section).
unsafe {
DuplicateHandle(
GetCurrentProcess(),
self.data.raw_handle(),
HANDLE(process.as_raw_handle()),
&mut remote,
SECTION_MAP_RW,
false,
DUPLICATE_HANDLE_OPTIONS(0),
)
.context("DuplicateHandle(gamepad DATA section) into the driver's WUDFHost")?;
}
let value = remote.0 as usize as u64;
let base = self.boot.base();
let seq = BOOT_SEQ.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
// SAFETY: live, page-aligned mailbox view; `data_handle` is 8-aligned and `handle_pid`/
// `handle_seq` 4-aligned (proto asserts). The handle value + owning pid are published BEFORE
// the seq (Release) — a driver that observes the new seq (Acquire) sees a complete delivery.
unsafe {
(*(base.add(core::mem::offset_of!(PadBootstrap, data_handle)) as *const AtomicU64))
.store(value, Ordering::Relaxed);
(*(base.add(core::mem::offset_of!(PadBootstrap, handle_pid)) as *const AtomicU32))
.store(pid, Ordering::Relaxed);
fence(Ordering::Release);
(*(base.add(core::mem::offset_of!(PadBootstrap, handle_seq)) as *const AtomicU32))
.store(seq, Ordering::Release);
}
Ok(seq)
}
/// Bounded wait at pad-open: pump until the mailbox produces a driver pid we act on (delivered or
/// rejected) or `timeout` passes. Closes the identity race for the DualShock 4 (the driver reads
/// `device_type` from the DATA section when hidclass asks for descriptors — the channel should be
/// attached by then); the regular service pump takes over afterwards either way.
pub(super) fn deliver_eager(&mut self, timeout: Duration) {
let deadline = Instant::now() + timeout;
loop {
self.pump();
if self.last_seen_pid != 0 || Instant::now() >= deadline {
if !self.delivered {
tracing::debug!(
mailbox = %self.boot_name,
"eager gamepad-channel delivery window passed without an attach — the \
service pump keeps polling (driver-attach diagnosis follows if it stays \
silent)"
);
}
return;
}
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(10));
}
}
}
/// Context for the `SwDeviceCreate` completion callback: an event to signal, the HRESULT it reports,
/// and the PnP instance id PnP assigned (captured for devnode health diagnostics). Shared by every
/// Windows companion backend (XUSB / DualSense / DS4): each `create_swdevice` builds one, hands it to
/// `SwDeviceCreate` alongside [`sw_create_cb`], and reads [`instance_id`](Self::instance_id) once the
/// callback has signalled.
#[repr(C)]
pub(super) struct SwCreateCtx {
pub(super) event: HANDLE,
pub(super) result: HRESULT,
pub(super) instance_id: [u16; 128],
}
/// `SwDeviceCreate` fires this once PnP has enumerated the device; stash the result and wake the
/// creator, which blocks on the event (so there's no concurrent access to `*ctx`).
pub(super) unsafe extern "system" fn sw_create_cb(
_dev: HSWDEVICE,
result: HRESULT,
ctx: *const c_void,
id: PCWSTR,
) {
if !ctx.is_null() {
// SAFETY: ctx is the &mut SwCreateCtx the creator passed; it outlives this callback (the
// creator blocks on the event). `id` is a NUL-terminated string for the callback's duration.
unsafe {
let c = ctx as *mut SwCreateCtx;
(*c).result = result;
if !id.is_null() {
for i in 0..(*c).instance_id.len() - 1 {
let ch = *id.0.add(i);
(*c).instance_id[i] = ch;
if ch == 0 {
break;
}
}
}
let _ = SetEvent((*c).event);
}
}
}
impl SwCreateCtx {
pub(super) fn instance_id(&self) -> Option<String> {
let len = self.instance_id.iter().position(|&c| c == 0)?;
(len > 0).then(|| String::from_utf16_lossy(&self.instance_id[..len]))
}
}
/// A `SwDeviceCreate`'d software devnode; drop removes it via `SwDeviceClose`. Replaces the manual
/// `SwDeviceClose` each backend used to call in its `Drop`.
pub(super) struct SwDevice(HSWDEVICE);
impl SwDevice {
pub(super) fn new(hsw: HSWDEVICE) -> Self {
SwDevice(hsw)
}
}
impl Drop for SwDevice {
fn drop(&mut self) {
// SAFETY: `self.0` is the handle `SwDeviceCreate` returned; `SwDeviceClose` removes the devnode.
unsafe { SwDeviceClose(self.0) };
}
}
// ── Driver health surfacing ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
//
// The gamepad drivers have no IOCTL plane (hidclass gates the stack), so the only cross-process
// signal is the shared section itself. The drivers stamp `driver_proto` into their section once
// attached (pf_driver_proto::gamepad::GAMEPAD_PROTO_VERSION); [`DriverAttach`] watches that field
// from the host's regular pump and turns silence into actionable WARN/ERROR log lines — the piece
// that used to be missing entirely: a pad could be "created" with no driver installed and nothing
// was ever logged until the user gave up ("host doesn't see my controller" bug reports).
/// How long to give PnP to bind the driver + the driver to stamp the section before warning.
const ATTACH_GRACE: Duration = Duration::from_secs(3);
/// Per-pad driver-attach watcher: feed it the section's `driver_proto` on every service tick; it
/// logs the attach (INFO), a version mismatch (WARN), or — after [`ATTACH_GRACE`] of silence — one
/// diagnosis WARN combining the driver-store check and the devnode problem code. States never
/// repeat their log line, so the pump can call this at full rate.
pub(super) struct DriverAttach {
/// Driver label for log lines (`pf_xusb` / `pf_dualsense` / `pf_dualshock4`).
driver: &'static str,
/// The INF the driver store must hold for this driver (`pf_xusb.inf` / `pf_dualsense.inf`).
inf: &'static str,
/// The driver's own debug log, referenced in the diagnosis line.
driver_log: &'static str,
/// Bootstrap-mailbox name, for log lines (the DATA section is unnamed).
shm_name: String,
/// PnP instance id of the SwDeviceCreate'd devnode (`None` on the out-of-band fallback path).
instance_id: Option<String>,
created: Instant,
state: AttachState,
}
enum AttachState {
Waiting,
/// Diagnosis logged; still watching so a late attach gets its INFO line.
Warned,
Attached,
}
impl DriverAttach {
pub(super) fn new(
driver: &'static str,
inf: &'static str,
driver_log: &'static str,
shm_name: String,
instance_id: Option<String>,
) -> DriverAttach {
DriverAttach {
driver,
inf,
driver_log,
shm_name,
instance_id,
created: Instant::now(),
state: AttachState::Waiting,
}
}
/// `driver_proto` is the section field the driver stamps once attached (0 = not attached).
pub(super) fn observe(&mut self, driver_proto: u32) {
match self.state {
AttachState::Attached => {}
AttachState::Waiting | AttachState::Warned if driver_proto != 0 => {
let late = matches!(self.state, AttachState::Warned);
tracing::info!(
driver = self.driver,
shm = %self.shm_name,
proto = driver_proto,
late,
"gamepad driver attached to the shared section"
);
if driver_proto != pf_driver_proto::gamepad::GAMEPAD_PROTO_VERSION {
tracing::warn!(
driver = self.driver,
driver_proto,
host_proto = pf_driver_proto::gamepad::GAMEPAD_PROTO_VERSION,
"gamepad driver/host protocol mismatch — update the drivers: punktfunk-host.exe driver install --gamepad"
);
}
self.state = AttachState::Attached;
}
AttachState::Waiting if self.created.elapsed() >= ATTACH_GRACE => {
self.diagnose();
self.state = AttachState::Warned;
}
_ => {}
}
}
/// One-shot WARN with everything the host can find out about WHY the driver isn't attached:
/// driver-store presence, the devnode's PnP status/problem code, and where to look next.
fn diagnose(&self) {
let store = match driver_store_has(self.inf) {
Some(true) => "driver package present in the driver store",
Some(false) => {
"driver package NOT in the driver store — run: punktfunk-host.exe driver install --gamepad"
}
None => "driver store could not be queried (pnputil failed)",
};
let devnode = match &self.instance_id {
Some(id) => devnode_status_line(id),
None => {
"no per-session devnode (SwDeviceCreate failed earlier — see the warning above)"
.to_string()
}
};
tracing::warn!(
driver = self.driver,
shm = %self.shm_name,
grace_secs = ATTACH_GRACE.as_secs(),
store,
devnode = %devnode,
driver_log = self.driver_log,
"gamepad driver has not attached to the shared section — the virtual pad exists but no \
driver is serving it (games will not see it); an old (pre-sealed-channel) driver also \
reads as not-attached: update with punktfunk-host.exe driver install --gamepad \
(driver_log is only written by debug driver builds, or with the PFXUSB_DEBUG_LOG / \
PFDS_DEBUG_LOG system env var set + the device restarted)"
);
}
}
/// Driver-store inventory (`pnputil /enum-drivers`), lower-cased, fetched once per process — only
/// consulted on the failure path, so the one-off subprocess cost never hits a healthy session.
fn driver_store_inventory() -> &'static str {
static INV: OnceLock<String> = OnceLock::new();
INV.get_or_init(|| {
// Resolve pnputil by full System32 path — the host runs as SYSTEM and must not trust PATH /
// the CreateProcess search (which checks the launching EXE's own dir first), or a planted
// `pnputil.exe` beside the host binary would run elevated (security-review 2026-07-17).
let pnputil = std::env::var("SystemRoot")
.map(|r| format!(r"{r}\System32\pnputil.exe"))
.unwrap_or_else(|_| "pnputil.exe".to_string());
std::process::Command::new(&pnputil)
.arg("/enum-drivers")
.output()
.map(|o| String::from_utf8_lossy(&o.stdout).to_ascii_lowercase())
.unwrap_or_default()
})
}
/// Whether the driver store holds `inf` (e.g. `pf_xusb.inf`). `None` = pnputil unavailable/failed.
fn driver_store_has(inf: &str) -> Option<bool> {
let inv = driver_store_inventory();
if inv.is_empty() {
return None;
}
Some(inv.contains(&inf.to_ascii_lowercase()))
}
/// Human-readable PnP status of a devnode: driver bound/started or the CM problem code with a hint.
fn devnode_status_line(instance_id: &str) -> String {
let wide: Vec<u16> = instance_id
.encode_utf16()
.chain(std::iter::once(0))
.collect();
let mut devinst = 0u32;
// SAFETY: `wide` is a valid NUL-terminated UTF-16 instance id; `devinst` receives the handle.
let cr = unsafe {
CM_Locate_DevNodeW(
&mut devinst,
PCWSTR(wide.as_ptr()),
CM_LOCATE_DEVNODE_NORMAL,
)
};
if cr != CR_SUCCESS {
return format!(
"devnode {instance_id} not found (CM_Locate_DevNodeW CR={})",
cr.0
);
}
let mut status = CM_DEVNODE_STATUS_FLAGS(0);
let mut problem = CM_PROB(0);
// SAFETY: devinst is the devnode located above; the two out-params receive status + problem.
let cr = unsafe { CM_Get_DevNode_Status(&mut status, &mut problem, devinst, 0) };
if cr != CR_SUCCESS {
return format!("devnode {instance_id}: status query failed (CR={})", cr.0);
}
if status.0 & DN_HAS_PROBLEM.0 != 0 {
return format!(
"devnode {instance_id} has PnP problem code {} ({}) [status 0x{:08x}]",
problem.0,
cm_problem_hint(problem.0),
status.0
);
}
format!(
"devnode {instance_id} status 0x{:08x} (driver_loaded={} started={})",
status.0,
status.0 & DN_DRIVER_LOADED.0 != 0,
status.0 & DN_STARTED.0 != 0,
)
}
/// The CM_PROB_* codes a virtual-pad devnode realistically hits, with the operator-facing cause.
fn cm_problem_hint(problem: u32) -> &'static str {
match problem {
1 => "not configured — no driver bound; install the drivers",
10 => "device failed to start — driver bound but its start failed; check the driver log",
18 => "reinstall required — re-run driver install",
24 => "device not present/working — PnP could not start the virtual devnode",
28 => "drivers not installed — the pf driver package is missing from the store or its certificate is not trusted",
31 => "driver failed to load — binding found the package but loading it failed",
39 => "driver corrupt or missing — reinstall the drivers",
43 => "reported failure after start — check the driver log",
52 => "driver signature rejected — certificate not in Root/TrustedPublisher, or blocked by Memory Integrity",
_ => "see Device Manager for this code",
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,365 @@
//! Windows virtual Xbox 360 gamepad via the punktfunk **XUSB companion** UMDF driver
//! (`packaging/windows/drivers/pf-xusb`) — the in-tree replacement for ViGEmBus. One virtual Xbox 360
//! controller per client pad index, visible to classic **XInput** (`XInputGetState`) with no kernel
//! bus driver: each pad `SwDeviceCreate`s a `pf_xusb_<index>` devnode (the driver loads on it and
//! registers `GUID_DEVINTERFACE_XUSB`) and the host pushes the XInput state into an **unnamed** shared
//! DATA section the driver reaches over the **sealed channel** ([`PadChannel`] — handle duplicated
//! into its WUDFHost, bootstrapped via `Global\pfxusb-boot-<index>`; see
//! `design/gamepad-channel-sealing.md`). GameStream/Moonlight already speak the XInput conventions
//! (low-16 button bits, sticks 32768..32767 +Y up, triggers 0..255), so the state copy is ~1:1.
//!
//! Rumble flows back the other way: a game writes force-feedback via `XInputSetState`, the driver
//! parses the `SET_STATE` packet into the shared section, and [`GamepadManager::pump_rumble`] relays
//! level changes to the client (the universal 0xCA plane), mirroring the Linux `EV_FF` read path.
use super::gamepad_raii::{sw_create_cb, PadChannel, SwCreateCtx};
use crate::pad_slots::PadSlots;
use anyhow::{anyhow, Result};
use punktfunk_core::input::{GamepadEvent, MAX_PADS};
use std::ffi::c_void;
use std::sync::atomic::{fence, AtomicU32, Ordering};
use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
use windows::core::{w, GUID, PCWSTR};
use windows::Win32::Devices::Enumeration::Pnp::{
SwDeviceClose, SwDeviceCreate, HSWDEVICE, SW_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO,
};
use windows::Win32::Foundation::{CloseHandle, E_FAIL, WAIT_OBJECT_0};
use windows::Win32::System::Threading::{CreateEventW, WaitForSingleObject};
// Shared-section layout — the single source of truth is `pf_driver_proto::gamepad::XusbShm` (offset
// asserts pin every field; the `pf_xusb` driver maps the same struct). Derive the size/offsets/magic from
// it so a layout change is a compile error, not a hand-synced literal (audit §6.1).
use pf_driver_proto::gamepad::XusbShm;
const SHM_SIZE: usize = core::mem::size_of::<XusbShm>();
const SHM_MAGIC: u32 = pf_driver_proto::gamepad::XUSB_MAGIC; // "PFXU"
const OFF_PACKET: usize = core::mem::offset_of!(XusbShm, packet);
const OFF_BUTTONS: usize = core::mem::offset_of!(XusbShm, buttons);
const OFF_LT: usize = core::mem::offset_of!(XusbShm, left_trigger);
const OFF_RT: usize = core::mem::offset_of!(XusbShm, right_trigger);
const OFF_LX: usize = core::mem::offset_of!(XusbShm, thumb_lx);
const OFF_LY: usize = core::mem::offset_of!(XusbShm, thumb_ly);
const OFF_RX: usize = core::mem::offset_of!(XusbShm, thumb_rx);
const OFF_RY: usize = core::mem::offset_of!(XusbShm, thumb_ry);
const OFF_RUMBLE_SEQ: usize = core::mem::offset_of!(XusbShm, rumble_seq);
const OFF_RUMBLE: usize = core::mem::offset_of!(XusbShm, rumble_large); // large @28, small @29
const OFF_DRIVER_PROTO: usize = core::mem::offset_of!(XusbShm, driver_proto);
const OFF_PAD_INDEX: usize = core::mem::offset_of!(XusbShm, pad_index);
/// Spawn the `pf_xusb_<index>` companion devnode (hardware id `pf_xusb`, enumerator `punktfunk`). The
/// INF (System class) binds our UMDF driver, which registers the XUSB interface. Unlike the HID pads,
/// no USB compatible-ids are needed — XInput finds the device by the interface GUID, not VID/PID — but
/// we still pass a deterministic non-null `pContainerId` (the null-sentinel trips an `xinput1_4`
/// slot-skip bug). `SwDeviceClose` removes it on drop.
fn create_swdevice(index: u8) -> Result<(HSWDEVICE, Option<String>)> {
let hwids: Vec<u16> = "pf_xusb".encode_utf16().chain([0u16, 0u16]).collect();
let instid: Vec<u16> = format!("pf_xusb_{index}")
.encode_utf16()
.chain(std::iter::once(0))
.collect();
let desc: Vec<u16> = "punktfunk Virtual Xbox 360 (XUSB)"
.encode_utf16()
.chain(std::iter::once(0))
.collect();
// The pad index, stamped into the device Location — the driver reads it to poll `pfxusb-boot-<index>`
// (multi-pad). The buffer must outlive the SwDeviceCreate call (it does; we wait on the event).
let loc: Vec<u16> = format!("{index}")
.encode_utf16()
.chain(std::iter::once(0))
.collect();
let container = GUID::from_values(0x5046_5855, 0x0000, 0x0000, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, index]);
// SAFETY: zeroed then the fields we use are set; the buffers + container outlive the call.
let mut info: SW_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO = unsafe { std::mem::zeroed() };
info.cbSize = std::mem::size_of::<SW_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO>() as u32;
info.pszInstanceId = PCWSTR(instid.as_ptr());
info.pszzHardwareIds = PCWSTR(hwids.as_ptr());
info.pContainerId = &container;
info.pszDeviceDescription = PCWSTR(desc.as_ptr());
info.pszDeviceLocation = PCWSTR(loc.as_ptr());
info.CapabilityFlags = 0x0000_000B; // DriverRequired | SilentInstall | Removable
// SAFETY: a manual-reset, initially-unsignaled, unnamed event.
let event = unsafe { CreateEventW(None, true, false, PCWSTR::null())? };
// `result` starts as E_FAIL, NOT S_OK: if the wait below times out, a zero-initialised HRESULT
// would read as success and mask the failure (found by the 2026-07 driver-health audit).
let mut ctx = SwCreateCtx {
event,
result: E_FAIL,
instance_id: [0; 128],
};
// SAFETY: info + buffers + ctx outlive the call (we wait on the event before returning).
let hsw = match unsafe {
SwDeviceCreate(
w!("punktfunk"),
w!("HTREE\\ROOT\\0"),
&info,
None,
Some(sw_create_cb),
Some(&mut ctx as *mut SwCreateCtx as *const c_void),
)
} {
Ok(h) => h,
Err(e) => {
// SAFETY: event is valid.
unsafe {
let _ = CloseHandle(event);
}
return Err(anyhow!("SwDeviceCreate(pf_xusb) failed: {e}"));
}
};
// SAFETY: event valid; block until PnP finishes enumerating, then check the callback result.
let wait = unsafe { WaitForSingleObject(event, 10_000) };
// SAFETY: event is valid.
unsafe {
let _ = CloseHandle(event);
}
if wait != WAIT_OBJECT_0 {
// SAFETY: hsw is the handle SwDeviceCreate returned.
unsafe { SwDeviceClose(hsw) };
return Err(anyhow!(
"SwDeviceCreate(pf_xusb) enumeration callback never fired (10s) — PnP may be wedged"
));
}
if ctx.result.is_err() {
// SAFETY: hsw is the handle SwDeviceCreate returned.
unsafe { SwDeviceClose(hsw) };
return Err(anyhow!(
"SwDeviceCreate(pf_xusb) enumeration failed: {:?}",
ctx.result
));
}
Ok((hsw, ctx.instance_id()))
}
/// A single virtual Xbox 360 pad: the `pf_xusb_<index>` devnode plus the sealed shared-memory channel.
struct XusbWinPad {
/// Owns the `pf_xusb_<index>` devnode (dropped → `SwDeviceClose`). `None` if `SwDeviceCreate` failed.
_sw: Option<super::gamepad_raii::SwDevice>,
/// The sealed channel: the unnamed DATA section (the `XusbShm`) + the bootstrap mailbox + the
/// handle-delivery state machine (drop closes both sections).
channel: PadChannel,
/// Watches the section's `driver_proto` field and logs attach / never-attached diagnosis.
attach: super::gamepad_raii::DriverAttach,
packet: u32,
last_rumble_seq: u32,
}
impl XusbWinPad {
/// Create the sealed channel (unnamed DATA section + `Global\pfxusb-boot-<index>` mailbox), stamp
/// the pad index then the magic LAST, spawn the devnode, and eagerly deliver the DATA handle once
/// the driver publishes its pid.
fn open(index: u8) -> Result<XusbWinPad> {
let boot_name = pf_driver_proto::gamepad::xusb_boot_name(index);
let mut channel = PadChannel::create(boot_name.clone(), SHM_SIZE)?;
let base = channel.data_base();
// The section arrives zeroed; stamp the pad index (the driver validates it against its own
// devnode index on attach) then the magic LAST (the driver only accepts it once magic is set).
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE writable bytes; OFF_PAD_INDEX is in range.
unsafe {
std::ptr::write_unaligned(base.add(OFF_PAD_INDEX) as *mut u32, index as u32);
std::ptr::write_unaligned(base as *mut u32, SHM_MAGIC);
}
// Propagate a devnode-create failure instead of swallowing it: a swallowed failure left the
// pad with no devnode yet still reported success, so PadSlots latched a phantom pad (never
// re-created for the session's life) and the host logged a misleading "virtual Xbox 360
// created". Returning Err routes it through PadSlots' ERROR + capped-backoff retry — parity
// with the Linux uinput path, which self-heals for exactly this reason.
let (hsw, instance_id) = create_swdevice(index)?;
let _sw = Some(super::gamepad_raii::SwDevice::new(hsw));
// Bounded eager delivery: the driver's EvtDeviceAdd publishes its pid right away; handing it
// the DATA handle before we return means the pad is live for the game's first XInput poll.
// On a missing/old driver this waits out the window once and the service pump takes over.
channel.deliver_eager(Duration::from_millis(1500));
Ok(XusbWinPad {
_sw,
channel,
attach: super::gamepad_raii::DriverAttach::new(
"pf_xusb",
"pf_xusb.inf",
"C:\\Users\\Public\\pfxusb-driver.log",
boot_name,
instance_id,
),
packet: 0,
last_rumble_seq: 0,
})
}
/// Publish the XInput state to the section and bump the packet number (XInput uses it to detect
/// change). `buttons` is the XINPUT_GAMEPAD_* bitmap; sticks are i16, triggers u8.
#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
fn write_state(&mut self, buttons: u16, lt: u8, rt: u8, lx: i16, ly: i16, rx: i16, ry: i16) {
self.packet = self.packet.wrapping_add(1);
let base = self.channel.data_base();
// SAFETY: `base` is the start of the mapped section (`SHM_SIZE` bytes, owned by `Shm`); every
// `OFF_*` is a fixed in-range offset into it and `write_unaligned` handles the unaligned field
// writes. Single owner (`&mut self`), so no concurrent writer races these stores. `packet` (the
// field XInput reads to detect a new state) is published LAST: the `Release` fence orders the
// state-body stores above before the `Release` `AtomicU32` store of `packet`, so the driver —
// which `Acquire`-loads `packet` — never observes a bumped packet over a torn body on a
// weakly-ordered core (ARM64). On x86-TSO both are plain stores. `OFF_PACKET` (== 4) is
// 4-aligned off the page-aligned section base, so the `AtomicU32` view is valid (mirrors the
// seq-fenced publish in `gamepad_raii::PadChannel::create`).
unsafe {
std::ptr::write_unaligned(base.add(OFF_BUTTONS) as *mut u16, buttons);
*base.add(OFF_LT) = lt;
*base.add(OFF_RT) = rt;
std::ptr::write_unaligned(base.add(OFF_LX) as *mut i16, lx);
std::ptr::write_unaligned(base.add(OFF_LY) as *mut i16, ly);
std::ptr::write_unaligned(base.add(OFF_RX) as *mut i16, rx);
std::ptr::write_unaligned(base.add(OFF_RY) as *mut i16, ry);
fence(Ordering::Release);
(*(base.add(OFF_PACKET) as *const AtomicU32)).store(self.packet, Ordering::Release);
}
}
/// Poll the section for a game's rumble (the driver bumps `rumble_seq` on each SET_STATE). Returns
/// `(large, small)` motor levels (0..=255) when a new one arrived. Also ticks the sealed-channel
/// delivery (a late-binding driver gets its handle here) and feeds the driver-attach health
/// watcher (the driver stamps `driver_proto` once it maps the delivered section + per IOCTL).
fn service(&mut self) -> Option<(u8, u8)> {
self.channel.pump();
let base = self.channel.data_base();
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE bytes.
let proto = unsafe { std::ptr::read_unaligned(base.add(OFF_DRIVER_PROTO) as *const u32) };
self.attach.observe(proto);
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE bytes; `OFF_RUMBLE_SEQ` (== 24) is 4-aligned off the
// page-aligned base, so the `AtomicU32` view is valid. The driver bumps `rumble_seq` AFTER
// writing the rumble bytes, so an `Acquire` load here orders the `rumble_large`/`rumble_small`
// reads below after it — a fresh seq guarantees a coherent snapshot of the rumble bytes on a
// weakly-ordered core (ARM64). On x86-TSO it is a plain load.
let seq =
unsafe { (*(base.add(OFF_RUMBLE_SEQ) as *const AtomicU32)).load(Ordering::Acquire) };
if seq == self.last_rumble_seq {
return None;
}
self.last_rumble_seq = seq;
// SAFETY: rumble bytes at OFF_RUMBLE / OFF_RUMBLE+1.
let (large, small) = unsafe { (*base.add(OFF_RUMBLE), *base.add(OFF_RUMBLE + 1)) };
Some((large, small))
}
}
/// All virtual Xbox 360 pads of a session — the Windows analogue of the Linux uinput-xpad manager,
/// now backed by the XUSB companion driver. Same method surface (`new`/`handle`/`pump_rumble`) the
/// session input thread already drives.
/// How long a non-zero rumble may stay latched with the game NOT driving the pad (no `SET_STATE`)
/// before it is forced off. XInput vibration is level-triggered — it persists until the game sets
/// it to zero — so a game that latches a rumble and then stops calling `XInputSetState` (a residual
/// left at a menu / loading screen, or a plain forgotten stop) would otherwise drone to the client
/// forever (measured: a stuck `(0,512)` resent every 500 ms for 5.5 minutes). A real controller
/// stops when the app stops driving it; this mirrors that. It is keyed on game ACTIVITY (any
/// `SET_STATE`, even an unchanged one), so a rumble the game keeps asserting is never cut — only an
/// abandoned residual is. Kept above SDL's ~2 s internal rumble resend so an SDL-driven host game
/// (which re-issues the same level every ~2 s) refreshes the activity clock before this fires.
const RUMBLE_IDLE_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_millis(2500);
pub struct GamepadManager {
slots: PadSlots<XusbWinPad>,
last_rumble: Vec<(u8, u8)>,
/// When the game last drove each pad (bumped `rumble_seq` via `SET_STATE`). A non-zero
/// `last_rumble` older than [`RUMBLE_IDLE_TIMEOUT`] against this is a stale residual — see the
/// const's docs.
last_active: Vec<Instant>,
}
impl Default for GamepadManager {
fn default() -> GamepadManager {
GamepadManager::new()
}
}
impl GamepadManager {
pub fn new() -> GamepadManager {
GamepadManager {
slots: PadSlots::new(
"Xbox 360/Windows",
"Xbox 360",
" (install/repair: punktfunk-host.exe driver install --gamepad)",
),
last_rumble: vec![(0, 0); MAX_PADS],
last_active: (0..MAX_PADS).map(|_| Instant::now()).collect(),
}
}
fn ensure(&mut self, idx: usize) {
if self.slots.ensure(idx, XusbWinPad::open) {
tracing::info!(
index = idx,
"virtual Xbox 360 created (Windows XUSB companion)"
);
self.last_rumble[idx] = (0, 0);
self.last_active[idx] = Instant::now();
}
}
pub fn handle(&mut self, ev: &GamepadEvent) {
match ev {
GamepadEvent::Arrival { index, kind, .. } => {
tracing::info!(index, kind, "controller arrival (Xbox 360/Windows)");
self.ensure(*index as usize);
}
GamepadEvent::State(f) => {
let idx = f.index as usize;
if idx >= MAX_PADS {
return;
}
// Unplugs: drop any allocated pad whose mask bit cleared.
let swept = self.slots.sweep(f.active_mask);
for i in 0..MAX_PADS {
if swept & (1 << i) != 0 {
self.last_rumble[i] = (0, 0);
self.last_active[i] = Instant::now();
}
}
if f.active_mask & (1 << idx) == 0 {
return;
}
self.ensure(idx);
if let Some(pad) = self.slots.get_mut(idx) {
pad.write_state(
(f.buttons & 0xffff) as u16,
f.left_trigger,
f.right_trigger,
f.ls_x,
f.ls_y,
f.rs_x,
f.rs_y,
);
}
}
}
}
/// Relay any changed rumble level to the client. XUSB motors are 0..255; the wire carries
/// 0..65535, so scale by 257. `large` (low-frequency) → the datagram's `low`, `small`
/// (high-frequency) → `high` — matching the other backends.
pub fn pump_rumble(&mut self, mut send: impl FnMut(u16, u16, u16)) {
for (i, pad) in self.slots.iter_mut() {
if let Some((large, small)) = pad.service() {
// The game drove the pad this poll (SET_STATE bumped the seq) — refresh the
// activity clock even when the level is unchanged, so a rumble it keeps asserting
// never trips the stale-residual timeout below.
self.last_active[i] = Instant::now();
if self.last_rumble[i] != (large, small) {
self.last_rumble[i] = (large, small);
send(i as u16, large as u16 * 257, small as u16 * 257);
}
} else if self.last_rumble[i] != (0, 0)
&& self.last_active[i].elapsed() >= RUMBLE_IDLE_TIMEOUT
{
// A non-zero rumble is latched but the game has not driven the pad for
// RUMBLE_IDLE_TIMEOUT — a residual it forgot to stop. Force it off (and forward
// the zero) so the resend loop stops droning it to the client. See the const docs.
tracing::info!(
index = i,
prev_low = self.last_rumble[i].0 as u16 * 257,
prev_high = self.last_rumble[i].1 as u16 * 257,
"rumble: stale residual (game stopped driving the pad) — forcing off"
);
self.last_rumble[i] = (0, 0);
send(i as u16, 0, 0);
}
}
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,355 @@
//! Resident virtual HID mouse on Windows via the UMDF minidriver (`packaging/windows/drivers/pf-mouse`).
//!
//! **Why**: with no pointing device attached (a headless streaming box — no dongle), win32k reports
//! the cursor as absent (`GetSystemMetrics(SM_MOUSEPRESENT)` = 0) and DWM never composites a cursor
//! into the pf-vdisplay frame — the streamed desktop has an invisible pointer even though
//! `SendInput` moves it. Keeping ONE virtual HID mouse devnode alive for the host's lifetime makes
//! Windows always consider a pointer present and draw the cursor — the Sunshine/Parsec-class fix,
//! with zero client changes. Injection stays [`super::sendinput`]; the report path here is
//! exercised by `punktfunk-host vmouse-spike` (on-glass validation) and is the future
//! higher-fidelity injection route.
//!
//! Transport is the **sealed pad channel** verbatim ([`PadChannel`],
//! `design/gamepad-channel-sealing.md`): an unnamed 64-B `MouseShm` DATA section the host
//! duplicates into the driver's WUDFHost, bootstrapped via the named `Global\pfmouse-boot-0`
//! mailbox. The devnode is `SwDeviceCreate`'d like a pad but held for the PROCESS lifetime (the
//! [`ensure_resident`] thread never drops it), so the pointer survives across sessions; it
//! disappears with the host service, which is exactly when nobody is streaming.
use super::dualsense_windows::{create_swdevice, SwDeviceProfile};
use super::gamepad_raii::{DriverAttach, PadChannel};
use anyhow::Result;
use pf_driver_proto::mouse::{input_report, mouse_boot_name, MouseShm, MOUSE_MAGIC};
use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, AtomicU32, Ordering};
use std::sync::{Condvar, Mutex};
use std::time::Duration;
use windows::Win32::Foundation::POINT;
use windows::Win32::UI::WindowsAndMessaging::GetCursorPos;
const SHM_SIZE: usize = core::mem::size_of::<MouseShm>();
const OFF_IN_SEQ: usize = core::mem::offset_of!(MouseShm, in_seq);
const OFF_REPORT: usize = core::mem::offset_of!(MouseShm, report);
const OFF_DRIVER_PROTO: usize = core::mem::offset_of!(MouseShm, driver_proto);
const OFF_DRIVER_HEARTBEAT: usize = core::mem::offset_of!(MouseShm, driver_heartbeat);
const OFF_PAD_INDEX: usize = core::mem::offset_of!(MouseShm, pad_index);
/// The one resident virtual mouse: the `SwDeviceCreate`'d `pf_mouse_0` devnode (the pf-mouse HID
/// minidriver loads on it → Windows counts a pointer present) plus the sealed shared-memory
/// channel. Dropping it removes the devnode — [`ensure_resident`] therefore never drops it.
pub struct VirtualMouse {
/// Devnode RAII (`SwDeviceClose` on drop). `None` falls back to an out-of-band devnode.
_sw: Option<super::gamepad_raii::SwDevice>,
channel: PadChannel,
attach: DriverAttach,
seq: u32,
}
impl VirtualMouse {
/// Create the sealed channel (unnamed DATA section + `Global\pfmouse-boot-0` mailbox), stamp
/// the index + the magic LAST, then spawn the devnode and eagerly deliver the DATA handle.
pub fn open() -> Result<VirtualMouse> {
let boot_name = mouse_boot_name(0);
let mut channel = PadChannel::create(boot_name.clone(), SHM_SIZE)?;
let base = channel.data_base();
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE writable bytes; the OFF_* offsets are in range. Index
// first, magic LAST — the same publish order the pads use.
unsafe {
std::ptr::write_unaligned(base.add(OFF_PAD_INDEX) as *mut u32, 0u32);
std::ptr::write_unaligned(base as *mut u32, MOUSE_MAGIC);
}
let (hsw, instance_id) = match create_swdevice(&SwDeviceProfile {
instance: "pf_mouse_0",
container_tag: 0x5046_4D4F, // "PFMO" — never grouped with a pad's container
container_index: 0,
hwid: "pf_mouse",
// An obviously-virtual identity (PF:MO). The synthesized USB bus tokens are inert for
// a mouse (nothing fingerprints them); reusing the shared profile keeps one code path.
usb_vid_pid: "VID_5046&PID_4D4F",
usb_mi: None,
description: "punktfunk Virtual Mouse",
}) {
Ok((h, i)) => (Some(h), i),
Err(e) => {
tracing::warn!(error = %format!("{e:#}"), "SwDeviceCreate failed; falling back to an out-of-band pf_mouse devnode");
(None, None)
}
};
let _sw = hsw.map(super::gamepad_raii::SwDevice::new);
channel.deliver_eager(Duration::from_millis(1500));
Ok(VirtualMouse {
_sw,
channel,
attach: DriverAttach::new(
"pf_mouse",
"pf_mouse.inf",
"C:\\Users\\Public\\pfmouse-driver.log",
boot_name,
instance_id,
),
seq: 0,
})
}
/// Publish an input report (5-bit buttons, absolute 15-bit x/y, wheel/pan deltas) and bump
/// `in_seq` (Release) — the driver's timer completes a pended `READ_REPORT` with it. Unused by
/// sessions today (`SendInput` injects); the spike drives it, and a future fidelity mode will.
pub fn send_report(&mut self, buttons: u8, x: u16, y: u16, wheel: i8, pan: i8) {
let r = input_report(buttons, x, y, wheel, pan);
self.seq = self.seq.wrapping_add(1).max(1); // never publish seq 0 (= "nothing yet")
let base = self.channel.data_base();
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE bytes; the report slot is OFF_REPORT..+8 and OFF_IN_SEQ
// (== 4) is 4-aligned off the page-aligned base, so the AtomicU32 view is valid. The report
// bytes are published BEFORE the seq (Release) — the driver's Acquire load of `in_seq`
// therefore observes the matching report.
unsafe {
std::ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(r.as_ptr(), base.add(OFF_REPORT), r.len());
(*(base.add(OFF_IN_SEQ) as *const AtomicU32)).store(self.seq, Ordering::Release);
}
}
/// One service tick: pump the sealed-channel delivery and feed the driver-attach health
/// watcher (the driver's 8 ms timer stamps `driver_proto` while it has the section mapped).
pub fn service(&mut self) {
self.channel.pump();
self.attach.observe(self.driver_proto());
}
fn driver_proto(&self) -> u32 {
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE bytes; OFF_DRIVER_PROTO is in range.
unsafe {
std::ptr::read_unaligned(self.channel.data_base().add(OFF_DRIVER_PROTO) as *const u32)
}
}
fn driver_heartbeat(&self) -> u32 {
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE bytes; OFF_DRIVER_HEARTBEAT is in range.
unsafe {
std::ptr::read_unaligned(
self.channel.data_base().add(OFF_DRIVER_HEARTBEAT) as *const u32
)
}
}
}
/// One pending compose-kick aim, desktop coordinates: the target display's rect plus the
/// virtual-desktop bounds to normalize against (both from CCD, so they describe the CONSOLE's
/// layout whatever session this process is in). Newest-wins single slot — kicks are idempotent
/// damage nudges, queueing them would only multiply pointer blips.
struct KickAim {
rect: (i32, i32, i32, i32),
bounds: (i32, i32, i32, i32),
}
struct KickSlot {
slot: Mutex<Option<KickAim>>,
wake: Condvar,
}
static KICK: KickSlot = KickSlot {
slot: Mutex::new(None),
wake: Condvar::new(),
};
/// True while the keeper's mouse is open AND the pf-mouse driver is attached (its 8 ms timer
/// stamps `driver_proto`) — the only state in which a kick's reports actually reach win32k.
static MOUSE_READY: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);
/// Request a pointer jiggle on the given display through the resident virtual mouse — the
/// COMPOSE KICK's reliable arm. A report from a HID device is REAL input to win32k: it wakes a
/// powered-off display subsystem (lid-closed / display idle-off / modern standby), resets idle
/// timers, counts as user presence, and is delivered regardless of the calling process's session
/// or the active desktop — every condition under which the `SendInput` kick is silently impotent
/// (wrong session → wrong input queue; secure desktop → blocked; display-off → nothing to
/// damage). Asynchronous: the keeper thread (which owns the one process-wide mouse) executes it
/// within its tick. Returns `false` when the resident mouse isn't up (opted out, driver not
/// installed, not yet attached) — the caller falls back to `SendInput`.
pub(crate) fn hid_kick(rect: (i32, i32, i32, i32), bounds: (i32, i32, i32, i32)) -> bool {
if !MOUSE_READY.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
return false;
}
*KICK.slot.lock().unwrap() = Some(KickAim { rect, bounds });
KICK.wake.notify_one();
true
}
/// Execute one compose kick on the keeper thread: park the pointer at the target rect's center,
/// dwell one composition interval, wiggle ~2 px, then put it back where it was. Every report is
/// device-level input (see [`hid_kick`]). The dwell is load-bearing (the Stage-W3 on-glass
/// finding, same as the SendInput jump path): DWM samples the cursor position at the next vsync
/// tick, so a sub-tick round trip composes nothing. The gaps also respect the driver's 8 ms
/// report timer — back-to-back writes into the single report slot would coalesce.
///
/// The restore is best-effort via `GetCursorPos`: in a wrong-session host it describes the wrong
/// session's pointer, so the console pointer is instead left near the target's center — which is
/// the streamed display, exactly where the pointer is about to be useful.
fn perform_kick(m: &mut VirtualMouse, aim: KickAim) {
let (bx, by, bw, bh) = aim.bounds;
if bw <= 0 || bh <= 0 {
return;
}
// Field-log which kick arm fired (the SendInput arm logs in kick_dwm_compose) — a lid-closed
// repro should show this line followed by the driver's first acquired frame.
tracing::debug!(
rect = ?aim.rect,
bounds = ?aim.bounds,
"HID compose kick — parking the pointer on the target display (display wake + damage)"
);
let map = |px: i32, py: i32| -> (u16, u16) {
let nx = ((px - bx).clamp(0, bw - 1) as i64 * 0x7FFF) / i64::from(bw - 1).max(1);
let ny = ((py - by).clamp(0, bh - 1) as i64 * 0x7FFF) / i64::from(bh - 1).max(1);
(nx as u16, ny as u16)
};
let mut p = POINT::default();
// SAFETY: plain FFI; `p` is a valid out-param for this synchronous call.
let orig = unsafe { GetCursorPos(&mut p) }
.is_ok()
.then_some((p.x, p.y));
let (rx, ry, rw, rh) = aim.rect;
let (cx, cy) = map(rx + rw / 2, ry + rh / 2);
// ~2 desktop pixels in HID units, at least 1 — the wiggle must actually move the pointer.
let dx = ((2 * 0x7FFF) / bw.max(1)).max(1) as u16;
m.send_report(0, cx, cy, 0, 0);
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(35));
m.send_report(0, cx.saturating_add(dx).min(0x7FFF), cy, 0, 0);
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(35));
match orig {
Some((ox, oy)) => {
let (ox, oy) = map(ox, oy);
m.send_report(0, ox, oy, 0, 0);
}
None => m.send_report(0, cx, cy, 0, 0),
}
}
/// Make sure the resident virtual mouse exists (idempotent, best-effort). Called whenever an
/// [`InjectorService`](crate::InjectorService) starts — multiple services (native +
/// GameStream) share the ONE process-wide mouse, guarded here. Spawns a keeper thread that owns
/// the devnode for the process lifetime and pumps the channel at a slow tick (delivery is eager at
/// open; the pump only handles a late WUDFHost + feeds the attach diagnostics).
///
/// `PUNKTFUNK_NO_VIRTUAL_MOUSE=1` opts out (diagnostics, or an operator who objects to a virtual
/// pointer device).
pub(crate) fn ensure_resident() {
use std::sync::OnceLock;
static STARTED: OnceLock<()> = OnceLock::new();
STARTED.get_or_init(|| {
if std::env::var_os("PUNKTFUNK_NO_VIRTUAL_MOUSE").is_some_and(|v| v != "0") {
tracing::info!(
"virtual HID mouse disabled (PUNKTFUNK_NO_VIRTUAL_MOUSE) — with no physical \
pointer attached, Windows will not draw a cursor into the stream"
);
return;
}
// Hand the capture crate its HID compose-kick hook (the one-way-edge inversion: pf-capture
// never reaches back into inject). Registered exactly when the resident mouse is being
// brought up; until the driver actually attaches, `hid_kick` reports not-ready and the
// kick falls back to SendInput.
let _ = pf_capture::HID_COMPOSE_KICK.set(hid_kick);
if let Err(e) = std::thread::Builder::new()
.name("punktfunk-vmouse".into())
.spawn(keeper_thread)
{
tracing::warn!(error = %e, "virtual-mouse keeper thread spawn failed");
}
});
}
/// Open-with-retry, then hold + pump forever. Open only realistically fails on a mailbox squat
/// (another punktfunk-host instance) — retry slowly; a missing/failed DRIVER is not an open
/// failure (the devnode exists but nothing binds), which [`DriverAttach`] diagnoses via the pump.
/// Each tick also publishes kick-readiness ([`MOUSE_READY`]) and executes at most one pending
/// compose kick ([`hid_kick`]) — the condvar wait keeps kick latency at "immediately", not "next
/// 250 ms tick", while an idle keeper still only wakes 4×/s.
fn keeper_thread() {
loop {
match VirtualMouse::open() {
Ok(mut m) => {
tracing::info!(
"resident virtual HID mouse created (pf_mouse — keeps SM_MOUSEPRESENT true \
so DWM composites the cursor on headless hosts)"
);
loop {
m.service();
MOUSE_READY.store(m.driver_proto() != 0, Ordering::Relaxed);
let (mut slot, _timeout) = KICK
.wake
.wait_timeout_while(
KICK.slot.lock().unwrap(),
Duration::from_millis(250),
|k| k.is_none(),
)
.unwrap();
let aim = slot.take();
drop(slot);
if let Some(aim) = aim {
if m.driver_proto() != 0 {
perform_kick(&mut m, aim);
}
}
}
}
Err(e) => {
tracing::warn!(
error = %format!("{e:#}"),
"virtual HID mouse open failed — retrying in 60s (headless hosts stream an \
invisible cursor until it exists)"
);
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(60));
}
}
}
}
/// `vmouse-spike` (dev validation): hold the virtual mouse and drive the REAL cursor through the
/// HID report path — proves the full chain (SwDeviceCreate → INF bind → mshidumdf → mouhid →
/// win32k) on-glass. Run with the host service STOPPED (the resident mouse owns the mailbox name
/// otherwise). Verify while it holds: `Get-PnpDevice` shows the pf_mouse devnode + a HID child,
/// `GetSystemMetrics(SM_MOUSEPRESENT)` = 1 with no physical mouse, and the cursor sweeps a
/// horizontal line mid-screen.
pub fn spike_hold(secs: u64) -> Result<()> {
let mut m = VirtualMouse::open()?;
println!("virtual HID mouse devnode up (5046:4D4F) — waiting for the driver to attach…");
let deadline = std::time::Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(10);
while m.driver_proto() == 0 && std::time::Instant::now() < deadline {
m.service();
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(50));
}
if m.driver_proto() == 0 {
println!(
"driver never attached (10s). Install it: punktfunk-host.exe driver install --gamepad \
--dir <stage> (pf_mouse.inf ships with the gamepad drivers); see the WARN above."
);
} else {
println!(
"driver attached (proto {}). Sweeping the cursor for {secs}s — watch the glass: the \
pointer should glide leftright across mid-screen; wheel ticks every second.",
m.driver_proto()
);
}
let t0 = std::time::Instant::now();
let mut i: u64 = 0;
let beat_before = m.driver_heartbeat();
while t0.elapsed() < Duration::from_secs(secs) {
// Triangle-wave X sweep over the middle 3/4 of the axis, fixed mid-screen Y; one wheel
// tick per second so scroll delivery is visible too.
let phase = (i % 240) as i32; // 240 steps × 16 ms ≈ 4 s per round trip
let tri = if phase < 120 { phase } else { 240 - phase };
let x = 4096 + (tri as u32 * (24576 / 120)) as u16;
let wheel: i8 = if i % 60 == 0 { 1 } else { 0 };
m.send_report(0, x, 0x4000, wheel, 0);
m.service();
i += 1;
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(16));
}
let beat = m.driver_heartbeat();
println!(
"vmouse-spike: done (driver heartbeat advanced {} ticks — {}). Devnode removed on exit.",
beat.wrapping_sub(beat_before),
if beat != beat_before {
"driver alive"
} else {
"driver NOT ticking"
}
);
Ok(())
}
@@ -0,0 +1,461 @@
//! Windows input injection via `SendInput` (Win32 KeyboardAndMouse) — the Windows analogue of
//! [`super::wlr`]: absolute mouse normalized to the virtual desktop, relative mouse for games,
//! scancode keyboard, scroll, buttons. Survives UAC/lock desktop switches with Sunshine's
//! retry-on-failure model: the thread stays bound to its desktop and only reattaches
//! (`OpenInputDesktop`/`SetThreadDesktop`) when `SendInput` reports a short write (the input
//! desktop switched) — no per-event reattach overhead.
//!
//! **Keyboard conventions** (see [`crate::KEY_FLAG_SEMANTIC_VK`]): first-party punktfunk
//! clients send **US-positional** VKs (the physical key's US-layout VK — layout-independent by
//! construction, the mirror of the Linux host's `vk_to_evdev`), resolved here through the fixed
//! [`positional_vk_to_scan`] table. GameStream/Moonlight clients send **layout-semantic** VKs
//! (Sunshine's model), resolved under the foreground app's layout. Never resolve a positional VK
//! through a layout: this thread runs in the SYSTEM service, whose layout is unrelated to the
//! user's, and any layout re-reads a *position* as a *character* — on a German host that is
//! exactly the y↔z swap / ü-on-ö scramble.
// Every `unsafe` block in this file carries a `// SAFETY:` proof; enforce it.
#![deny(clippy::undocumented_unsafe_blocks)]
use anyhow::Result;
use punktfunk_core::input::{InputEvent, InputKind};
use std::mem::size_of;
use windows::Win32::System::StationsAndDesktops::{
CloseDesktop, OpenInputDesktop, SetThreadDesktop, DESKTOP_ACCESS_FLAGS, DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS,
HDESK,
};
use windows::Win32::UI::Input::KeyboardAndMouse::{
GetKeyboardLayout, MapVirtualKeyExW, SendInput, HKL, INPUT, INPUT_0, INPUT_KEYBOARD,
INPUT_MOUSE, KEYBDINPUT, KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY, KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, KEYEVENTF_SCANCODE,
MAPVK_VK_TO_VSC_EX, MOUSEEVENTF_ABSOLUTE, MOUSEEVENTF_HWHEEL, MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN,
MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP, MOUSEEVENTF_MIDDLEDOWN, MOUSEEVENTF_MIDDLEUP, MOUSEEVENTF_MOVE,
MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTDOWN, MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTUP, MOUSEEVENTF_VIRTUALDESK, MOUSEEVENTF_WHEEL,
MOUSEEVENTF_XDOWN, MOUSEEVENTF_XUP, MOUSEINPUT, VIRTUAL_KEY,
};
use windows::Win32::UI::WindowsAndMessaging::{
GetForegroundWindow, GetSystemMetrics, GetWindowThreadProcessId, SM_CXVIRTUALSCREEN,
SM_CYVIRTUALSCREEN, SM_XVIRTUALSCREEN, SM_YVIRTUALSCREEN,
};
use super::InputInjector;
const ABS_MAX: f64 = 65535.0; // SendInput absolute coords are 0..65535 over the chosen surface.
const GENERIC_ALL: u32 = 0x1000_0000;
const XBUTTON1: u32 = 0x0001;
const XBUTTON2: u32 = 0x0002;
pub struct SendInputInjector {
desktop: Option<HDESK>,
}
// SAFETY: `SendInputInjector` holds only an `Option<HDESK>` (a desktop handle). The host creates
// and drives it from a single dedicated injector thread; the handle is opened, rebound, and closed
// on whichever thread owns the value, and the type is not `Sync`, so there is never concurrent
// access. A desktop `HDESK` is not thread-affine for ownership (`CloseDesktop` works from any
// thread; `SetThreadDesktop` rebinds the current thread), so transferring ownership via `Send` is
// sound.
unsafe impl Send for SendInputInjector {}
impl SendInputInjector {
pub fn open() -> Result<Self> {
let mut me = Self { desktop: None };
me.reattach_input_desktop(); // best-effort
tracing::info!("SendInput injector ready (Win32 KeyboardAndMouse)");
Ok(me)
}
/// Bind this thread to the desktop currently receiving input. UAC / lock screen / Ctrl-Alt-Del
/// swap the input desktop; `SendInput` silently no-ops unless our thread is on it.
fn reattach_input_desktop(&mut self) {
// SAFETY: `OpenInputDesktop`/`SetThreadDesktop`/`CloseDesktop` are FFI calls passed only
// by-value args (constant desktop flags, a `bool`, an access mask). `OpenInputDesktop`
// yields an owned `HDESK` only on `Ok`; we then either install it with `SetThreadDesktop`
// (closing the previously-owned handle exactly once) or close the fresh handle on failure —
// so every handle is closed exactly once and none is used after close. `SetThreadDesktop`
// only rebinds this calling thread, which is where the injector runs.
unsafe {
match OpenInputDesktop(
DESKTOP_CONTROL_FLAGS(0),
false,
DESKTOP_ACCESS_FLAGS(GENERIC_ALL),
) {
Ok(h) => {
if SetThreadDesktop(h).is_ok() {
if let Some(old) = self.desktop.replace(h) {
let _ = CloseDesktop(old);
}
} else {
let _ = CloseDesktop(h);
}
}
Err(_) => { /* not privileged enough for the secure desktop; stay put */ }
}
}
}
/// Inject with Sunshine's retry-on-failure model: the thread stays bound to whatever desktop it
/// last attached to (no per-event `OpenInputDesktop`/`SetThreadDesktop` — two syscalls saved on
/// every mouse move), and only when `SendInput` reports a short write (0 = the input desktop
/// switched out from under us, e.g. into UAC/lock) do we reattach to the now-current input desktop
/// and retry once. This serves both the normal and secure desktops with no steady-state overhead.
fn send(&mut self, inputs: &[INPUT]) -> Result<()> {
// SAFETY: `inputs` is a live `&[INPUT]` slice that outlives this synchronous `SendInput`
// call; `size_of::<INPUT>()` is the exact per-element stride Win32 requires as `cbSize`. The
// call only reads the array (one event per element) and returns the count injected.
let n = unsafe { SendInput(inputs, size_of::<INPUT>() as i32) };
if n as usize == inputs.len() {
return Ok(());
}
// Short write → the input desktop likely changed. Reattach + retry once.
self.reattach_input_desktop();
// SAFETY: same as the first `SendInput` — `inputs` is the identical live slice outliving the
// call and `cbSize == size_of::<INPUT>()`; only re-issued after reattaching the input desktop.
let n = unsafe { SendInput(inputs, size_of::<INPUT>() as i32) };
if n as usize != inputs.len() {
anyhow::bail!(
"SendInput injected {n}/{} events (blocked desktop?)",
inputs.len()
);
}
Ok(())
}
}
impl Drop for SendInputInjector {
fn drop(&mut self) {
if let Some(h) = self.desktop.take() {
// SAFETY: `h` is the `HDESK` this injector owned (moved out of `self.desktop`);
// `CloseDesktop` runs once here in `Drop` on that still-valid handle, with no later use —
// no double close.
unsafe {
let _ = CloseDesktop(h);
}
}
}
}
impl InputInjector for SendInputInjector {
fn inject(&mut self, event: &InputEvent) -> Result<()> {
// No per-event desktop reattach — `send` reattaches lazily only on a short write (desktop
// switch). The injector is bound to the input desktop at open() and follows switches on demand.
match event.kind {
InputKind::MouseMove => {
let mi = MOUSEINPUT {
dx: event.x,
dy: event.y,
mouseData: 0,
dwFlags: MOUSEEVENTF_MOVE,
time: 0,
dwExtraInfo: 0,
};
self.send(&[mouse(mi)])
}
InputKind::MouseMoveAbs => {
let w = (event.flags >> 16) & 0xffff;
let h = event.flags & 0xffff;
if w == 0 || h == 0 {
return Ok(()); // contract: drop zero extent
}
let (_vx, _vy, vw, vh) = virtual_desktop_rect();
// One virtual output spanning the virtual desktop: map client (0..w,0..h) -> 0..65535.
let cx = (event.x.clamp(0, w as i32)) as f64 / w as f64;
let cy = (event.y.clamp(0, h as i32)) as f64 / h as f64;
let ax = (cx * ABS_MAX).round() as i32;
let ay = (cy * ABS_MAX).round() as i32;
let _ = (vw, vh); // virtual-desktop rect reserved for multi-output mapping
let mi = MOUSEINPUT {
dx: ax,
dy: ay,
mouseData: 0,
dwFlags: MOUSEEVENTF_MOVE | MOUSEEVENTF_ABSOLUTE | MOUSEEVENTF_VIRTUALDESK,
time: 0,
dwExtraInfo: 0,
};
self.send(&[mouse(mi)])
}
InputKind::MouseButtonDown | InputKind::MouseButtonUp => {
let down = event.kind == InputKind::MouseButtonDown;
let (flag, data) = match event.code {
1 => (
if down {
MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN
} else {
MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP
},
0u32,
),
2 => (
if down {
MOUSEEVENTF_MIDDLEDOWN
} else {
MOUSEEVENTF_MIDDLEUP
},
0,
),
3 => (
if down {
MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTDOWN
} else {
MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTUP
},
0,
),
4 => (
if down {
MOUSEEVENTF_XDOWN
} else {
MOUSEEVENTF_XUP
},
XBUTTON1,
),
5 => (
if down {
MOUSEEVENTF_XDOWN
} else {
MOUSEEVENTF_XUP
},
XBUTTON2,
),
_ => return Ok(()),
};
let mi = MOUSEINPUT {
dx: 0,
dy: 0,
mouseData: data,
dwFlags: flag,
time: 0,
dwExtraInfo: 0,
};
self.send(&[mouse(mi)])
}
InputKind::MouseScroll => {
// GameStream WHEEL_DELTA(120) units. Windows WHEEL positive=up (matches GameStream —
// no flip, unlike Wayland); HWHEEL positive=right (matches). x is 120-scaled already.
let horizontal = event.code == 1;
let mi = MOUSEINPUT {
dx: 0,
dy: 0,
mouseData: event.x as u32, // signed wheel delta reinterpreted as DWORD
dwFlags: if horizontal {
MOUSEEVENTF_HWHEEL
} else {
MOUSEEVENTF_WHEEL
},
time: 0,
dwExtraInfo: 0,
};
self.send(&[mouse(mi)])
}
InputKind::KeyDown | InputKind::KeyUp => {
let down = event.kind == InputKind::KeyDown;
let vk = (event.code & 0xff) as u16;
let semantic = (event.flags & crate::KEY_FLAG_SEMANTIC_VK) != 0;
// Positional wire VKs (first-party clients) resolve through the fixed US table —
// never through a layout (module docs). The table covers only the layout-VARIANT
// typing area; everything else (F-row, nav, numpad, modifiers) is layout-invariant
// and falls through to `MapVirtualKeyExW` (same result under any layout, and it
// keeps the proven extended-bit handling). Semantic VKs (Moonlight) skip the table
// and resolve under the FOREGROUND app's layout — the layout the receiving app
// will decode our scancode with (Sunshine's model; the service thread's own layout
// is not the user's).
let table = if semantic {
None
} else {
positional_vk_to_scan(vk)
};
let (scan, extended) = match table {
Some(scan) => (scan, forced_extended(vk)), // typing area: never E0-extended
None => {
let hkl = if semantic { foreground_hkl() } else { None };
// SAFETY: `MapVirtualKeyExW` is a pure value translation (VK → scancode);
// all three args are by-value (`u32`, the `MAPVK_VK_TO_VSC_EX` map-type
// constant, an optional `HKL` handle used only as a lookup key). It
// dereferences no pointer and returns a `u32` — FFI-`unsafe` only.
let sc_ex = unsafe { MapVirtualKeyExW(vk as u32, MAPVK_VK_TO_VSC_EX, hkl) };
if sc_ex == 0 {
return Ok(()); // unmappable -> drop
}
(
(sc_ex & 0xff) as u16,
(sc_ex & 0xe000) == 0xe000 || forced_extended(vk),
)
}
};
let mut flags = KEYEVENTF_SCANCODE;
if extended {
flags |= KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY;
}
if !down {
flags |= KEYEVENTF_KEYUP;
}
let ki = KEYBDINPUT {
wVk: VIRTUAL_KEY(0),
wScan: scan,
dwFlags: flags,
time: 0,
dwExtraInfo: 0,
};
self.send(&[key(ki)])
}
// Gamepad goes through the XUSB backend. Touch: no SendInput equivalent -> no-op.
InputKind::GamepadButton
| InputKind::GamepadAxis
| InputKind::GamepadState
| InputKind::GamepadRemove
| InputKind::GamepadArrival
| InputKind::TouchDown
| InputKind::TouchMove
| InputKind::TouchUp => Ok(()),
}
}
}
fn mouse(mi: MOUSEINPUT) -> INPUT {
INPUT {
r#type: INPUT_MOUSE,
Anonymous: INPUT_0 { mi },
}
}
fn key(ki: KEYBDINPUT) -> INPUT {
INPUT {
r#type: INPUT_KEYBOARD,
Anonymous: INPUT_0 { ki },
}
}
fn virtual_desktop_rect() -> (i32, i32, i32, i32) {
// SAFETY: each `GetSystemMetrics` takes a single by-value `SYSTEM_METRICS_INDEX` constant and
// returns an `i32`; it dereferences no pointer and has no side effects — FFI-`unsafe` only.
unsafe {
(
GetSystemMetrics(SM_XVIRTUALSCREEN),
GetSystemMetrics(SM_YVIRTUALSCREEN),
GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXVIRTUALSCREEN),
GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYVIRTUALSCREEN),
)
}
}
// VKs Windows wants flagged extended even when the scancode high bits aren't set: the editing
// cluster (Ins/Del/Home/End/PgUp/PgDn = 0x21..0x28, 0x2D, 0x2E), the Win keys (0x5B/0x5C/0x5D),
// RCtrl (0xA3), RAlt (0xA5), Pause (0x90). MAPVK_VK_TO_VSC_EX already encodes E0 for most; this is a
// thin safety net.
fn forced_extended(vk: u16) -> bool {
matches!(
vk,
0x21..=0x28 | 0x2D | 0x2E | 0x5B | 0x5C | 0x5D | 0xA3 | 0xA5 | 0x90
)
}
/// US-positional VK → set-1 make scancode for the layout-**variant** typing area (letters, the
/// digit row, OEM punctuation, the ISO 102nd key). The exact mirror of the Linux host's
/// `crate::vk_to_evdev` — for these keys the evdev code IS the set-1 scancode — and of
/// every first-party client's capture table, so the positional round trip is
/// identity-by-construction. Layout-invariant keys are deliberately absent (the
/// `MapVirtualKeyExW` fallback resolves them identically under any layout, with its proven
/// extended-key handling). All listed keys are plain make codes — never E0-extended.
fn positional_vk_to_scan(vk: u16) -> Option<u16> {
Some(match vk {
0x30 => 0x0B, // VK_0
0x31..=0x39 => vk - 0x31 + 0x02, // VK_1..VK_9 → 0x02..0x0A
0x41 => 0x1E, // A
0x42 => 0x30, // B
0x43 => 0x2E, // C
0x44 => 0x20, // D
0x45 => 0x12, // E
0x46 => 0x21, // F
0x47 => 0x22, // G
0x48 => 0x23, // H
0x49 => 0x17, // I
0x4A => 0x24, // J
0x4B => 0x25, // K
0x4C => 0x26, // L
0x4D => 0x32, // M
0x4E => 0x31, // N
0x4F => 0x18, // O
0x50 => 0x19, // P
0x51 => 0x10, // Q
0x52 => 0x13, // R
0x53 => 0x1F, // S
0x54 => 0x14, // T
0x55 => 0x16, // U
0x56 => 0x2F, // V
0x57 => 0x11, // W
0x58 => 0x2D, // X
0x59 => 0x15, // Y (US position — a QWERTZ host renders it as Z)
0x5A => 0x2C, // Z (US position)
0xBA => 0x27, // VK_OEM_1 ;: (DE: ö)
0xBB => 0x0D, // VK_OEM_PLUS =+
0xBC => 0x33, // VK_OEM_COMMA ,<
0xBD => 0x0C, // VK_OEM_MINUS -_ (DE: ß)
0xBE => 0x34, // VK_OEM_PERIOD .>
0xBF => 0x35, // VK_OEM_2 /?
0xC0 => 0x29, // VK_OEM_3 `~ (DE: ^)
0xDB => 0x1A, // VK_OEM_4 [{ (DE: ü)
0xDC => 0x2B, // VK_OEM_5 \|
0xDD => 0x1B, // VK_OEM_6 ]}
0xDE => 0x28, // VK_OEM_7 '" (DE: ä)
0xE2 => 0x56, // VK_OEM_102 <>| (ISO key next to left shift)
_ => return None,
})
}
/// The keyboard layout of the thread owning the foreground window — the layout the app receiving
/// our injected scancodes will decode them under (Sunshine's model for semantic Moonlight VKs).
/// `None` when there is no foreground window (secure desktop, transient) — the caller then falls
/// back to the current thread's layout, today's behavior.
fn foreground_hkl() -> Option<HKL> {
// SAFETY: three read-only queries. `GetForegroundWindow` takes nothing and returns a possibly
// null `HWND` (checked). `GetWindowThreadProcessId` reads the window's owning thread id (the
// process-id out-param is `None`, allowed). `GetKeyboardLayout` maps a thread id to its input
// locale by value. No pointer we own is dereferenced; a stale/foreign `tid` yields a null HKL,
// which is filtered.
unsafe {
let hwnd = GetForegroundWindow();
if hwnd.is_invalid() {
return None;
}
let tid = GetWindowThreadProcessId(hwnd, None);
let hkl = GetKeyboardLayout(tid);
(!hkl.is_invalid()).then_some(hkl)
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
/// The positional table must mirror the Linux host's `vk_to_evdev` exactly — for the typing
/// area the evdev code IS the set-1 scancode, so any divergence would make the same wire VK
/// land on different physical keys on the two hosts.
#[test]
fn positional_table_mirrors_linux_vk_to_evdev() {
let mut checked = 0;
for vk in 0x01..=0xFEu16 {
if let Some(scan) = positional_vk_to_scan(vk) {
assert_eq!(
Some(scan),
crate::vk_to_evdev(vk as u8),
"vk 0x{vk:02X}: sendinput scancode diverges from vk_to_evdev"
);
checked += 1;
}
}
assert_eq!(checked, 48, "typing-area coverage changed unexpectedly");
}
/// The German-scramble regression pins: the US-position VKs the first-party clients send for
/// the physical Y/Z/ö/ü keys must resolve to those physical positions, not through a layout.
#[test]
fn positional_pins_for_the_qwertz_scramble() {
assert_eq!(positional_vk_to_scan(0x59), Some(0x15)); // VK_Y → US-Y position (QWERTZ: Z key)
assert_eq!(positional_vk_to_scan(0x5A), Some(0x2C)); // VK_Z → US-Z position (QWERTZ: Y key)
assert_eq!(positional_vk_to_scan(0xBA), Some(0x27)); // VK_OEM_1 → ;: position (QWERTZ: ö)
assert_eq!(positional_vk_to_scan(0xDB), Some(0x1A)); // VK_OEM_4 → [{ position (QWERTZ: ü)
// Layout-invariant keys stay out of the table (resolved via MapVirtualKeyExW).
assert_eq!(positional_vk_to_scan(0x70), None); // VK_F1
assert_eq!(positional_vk_to_scan(0x0D), None); // VK_RETURN
assert_eq!(positional_vk_to_scan(0xA0), None); // VK_LSHIFT
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
//! Virtual Steam Deck controller on Windows via the UMDF minidriver — the Windows analogue of
//! the Linux UHID Deck ([`super::steam_controller`]'s `SteamProto`), sharing its whole codec
//! ([`super::steam_proto`]: the byte-exact `ID_CONTROLLER_DECK_STATE` serializer, the
//! `XInput`/rich mappers, the `0xEB` rumble parser).
//!
//! Transport = the sealed shared-memory channel + a `SwDeviceCreate` devnode (device-type 3),
//! like the PS pads — with the promotion lever the N4 spike proved: the synthesized USB
//! hardware ids carry **`&MI_02`** (the Deck's wired controller interface), which hidclass
//! mirrors into the HID child and hidapi/Steam parse as `bInterfaceNumber`. Steam Input then
//! claims the pad exactly like a physical wired Deck (`!! Steam controller device opened`,
//! XInput slot reserved — observed live on `.173`), so games get native Deck glyphs +
//! trackpads + gyro + back grips through Steam's own remapping.
//!
//! Feedback: Steam drives Deck rumble (`0xEB`) and trackpad haptic pulses (`0x8F`) via
//! SET_FEATURE on the unnumbered report; the driver republishes those into the section's
//! output slot (report-id-0 prefixed), where [`parse_steam_output`] reads the exact wire shape
//! the Linux path sees. No gamepad-mode entry pulse here — that gate lives in the Linux
//! kernel's evdev parser; Steam-on-Windows reads the raw reports directly.
use super::dualsense_windows::{
create_swdevice, SwDeviceProfile, OFF_DEVTYPE, OFF_DRIVER_PROTO, OFF_INPUT, OFF_OUTPUT,
OFF_OUT_SEQ, OFF_PAD_INDEX, SHM_MAGIC, SHM_SIZE,
};
use super::gamepad_raii::PadChannel;
use super::steam_proto::{
neutral_deck_report, parse_steam_output, serialize_deck_state, SteamState, STEAM_REPORT_LEN,
};
use crate::uhid_manager::{PadFeedback, PadProto, UhidManager};
use anyhow::Result;
use punktfunk_core::quic::RichInput;
use std::time::Duration;
/// A single virtual Steam Deck: the `SwDeviceCreate`'d `pf_deck_<index>` devnode plus the sealed
/// shared-memory channel. Dropping it removes the devnode and closes both sections.
/// `pub`: the type appears as `type Pad` in the `PadProto` impl (a public trait).
pub struct DeckWinPad {
/// Per-session devnode from SwDeviceCreate, when it succeeds (RAII — `SwDeviceClose` on drop).
_sw: Option<super::gamepad_raii::SwDevice>,
/// The sealed channel: unnamed DATA section (`PadShm`) + bootstrap mailbox + handle delivery.
channel: PadChannel,
/// Watches the section's `driver_proto` field and logs attach / never-attached diagnosis.
attach: super::gamepad_raii::DriverAttach,
seq: u32,
last_out_seq: u32,
}
impl DeckWinPad {
/// Create the sealed channel, stamp `device_type = Steam Deck` FIRST + the pad index + the
/// neutral Deck frame + the magic LAST, then spawn the `pf_deck_<index>` devnode with the
/// `MI_02` USB identity Steam's promotion gate requires.
fn open(index: u8) -> Result<DeckWinPad> {
let boot_name = pf_driver_proto::gamepad::pad_boot_name(index);
let mut channel = PadChannel::create(boot_name.clone(), SHM_SIZE)?;
let base = channel.data_base();
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE writable bytes; the OFF_* offsets are in range.
unsafe {
*base.add(OFF_DEVTYPE) = pf_driver_proto::gamepad::DEVTYPE_STEAMDECK;
std::ptr::write_unaligned(base.add(OFF_PAD_INDEX) as *mut u32, index as u32);
std::ptr::write_unaligned(
base.add(OFF_INPUT) as *mut [u8; STEAM_REPORT_LEN],
neutral_deck_report(),
);
std::ptr::write_unaligned(base as *mut u32, SHM_MAGIC);
}
let inst = format!("pf_deck_{index}");
let (hsw, instance_id) = match create_swdevice(&SwDeviceProfile {
instance: &inst,
container_tag: 0x5046_4453, // "PFDS"
container_index: index,
hwid: "pf_steamdeck",
usb_vid_pid: "VID_28DE&PID_1205",
// The wired Deck controller interface — WITHOUT this the HID child carries no MI_
// token, hidapi reports interface 0, and Steam never claims the pad (the N4
// spike's run-1 failure).
usb_mi: Some(2),
description: "punktfunk Virtual Steam Deck",
}) {
Ok((h, i)) => (Some(h), i),
Err(e) => {
tracing::warn!(error = %format!("{e:#}"), "SwDeviceCreate failed; Steam Deck devnode unavailable");
(None, None)
}
};
let _sw = hsw.map(super::gamepad_raii::SwDevice::new);
// Bounded eager delivery — the driver must read `device_type = 3` before hidclass asks
// it for descriptors, or the pad would enumerate with the default DualSense identity.
channel.deliver_eager(Duration::from_millis(1500));
Ok(DeckWinPad {
_sw,
channel,
attach: super::gamepad_raii::DriverAttach::new(
"pf_steamdeck",
"pf_dualsense.inf", // one driver package serves every identity
"C:\\Users\\Public\\pfds-driver.log",
boot_name,
instance_id,
),
seq: 0,
last_out_seq: 0,
})
}
/// Serialize `st` into the Deck state frame and publish it to the section's input slot.
fn write_state(&mut self, st: &SteamState) {
self.seq = self.seq.wrapping_add(1);
let mut r = [0u8; STEAM_REPORT_LEN];
serialize_deck_state(&mut r, st, self.seq);
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE bytes; input slot is OFF_INPUT..OFF_INPUT+64.
unsafe {
std::ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(
r.as_ptr(),
self.channel.data_base().add(OFF_INPUT),
r.len(),
)
};
}
/// Poll the section's output slot; parse a newly-published Steam command (`0xEB` rumble /
/// `0x8F` haptic pulse — republished by the driver off SET_FEATURE) into feedback. Also
/// ticks the sealed-channel delivery and the driver-attach health watcher.
fn service(&mut self) -> Option<(u16, u16)> {
self.channel.pump();
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE bytes.
let proto = unsafe {
std::ptr::read_unaligned(self.channel.data_base().add(OFF_DRIVER_PROTO) as *const u32)
};
self.attach.observe(proto);
// SAFETY: base points at SHM_SIZE bytes.
let seq = unsafe {
std::ptr::read_unaligned(self.channel.data_base().add(OFF_OUT_SEQ) as *const u32)
};
if seq == self.last_out_seq {
return None;
}
self.last_out_seq = seq;
let mut out = [0u8; 64];
// SAFETY: output slot is OFF_OUTPUT..OFF_OUTPUT+64 within the section.
unsafe {
std::ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(
self.channel.data_base().add(OFF_OUTPUT),
out.as_mut_ptr(),
64,
)
};
parse_steam_output(&out).rumble
}
}
/// The Windows-Deck half of the shared stateful manager (see [`PadProto`]): the sealed-channel
/// open under the promoted Deck identity, the same [`SteamState`] mappers as the Linux backend,
/// and the section feedback poll. Lifecycle (slot table, unplug sweep, heartbeat, rumble dedup)
/// lives in [`UhidManager`].
#[derive(Default)]
pub struct DeckWinProto;
impl PadProto for DeckWinProto {
type Pad = DeckWinPad;
type State = SteamState;
const LABEL: &'static str = "Steam Deck/Windows";
const DEVICE: &'static str = "Steam Deck";
const CREATE_HINT: &'static str =
" (install/repair: punktfunk-host.exe driver install --gamepad)";
fn open(&mut self, idx: u8) -> Result<DeckWinPad> {
let p = DeckWinPad::open(idx)?;
tracing::info!(
index = idx,
"virtual Steam Deck created (Windows UMDF shm channel, MI_02 promoted identity)"
);
Ok(p)
}
fn neutral(&self) -> SteamState {
SteamState::neutral()
}
/// Merge buttons/sticks/triggers, preserving the rich-plane fields (trackpads + motion +
/// pad clicks arrive separately and must survive a button-only frame) — identical to the
/// Linux `SteamProto::merge_frame`.
fn merge_frame(
&self,
prev: &SteamState,
f: &punktfunk_core::input::GamepadFrame,
) -> SteamState {
use super::steam_proto::btn;
let mut s = SteamState::from_gamepad(
f.buttons,
f.ls_x,
f.ls_y,
f.rs_x,
f.rs_y,
f.left_trigger,
f.right_trigger,
);
s.rpad_x = prev.rpad_x;
s.rpad_y = prev.rpad_y;
s.lpad_x = prev.lpad_x;
s.lpad_y = prev.lpad_y;
s.gyro = prev.gyro;
s.accel = prev.accel;
s.buttons |= prev.buttons & (btn::RPAD_TOUCH | btn::LPAD_TOUCH);
s.lpad_click = prev.lpad_click;
s.rpad_click = prev.rpad_click;
s
}
fn apply_rich(&self, st: &mut SteamState, rich: RichInput) {
st.apply_rich(rich);
}
fn write_state(&self, pad: &mut DeckWinPad, st: &SteamState) {
pad.write_state(st);
}
/// Poll the section for Steam's feedback: motor rumble on the universal 0xCA plane. The
/// Deck has no rich host→client feedback plane (no lightbar / adaptive triggers), so
/// `hidout` stays empty — parity with the Linux backend.
fn service(&self, pad: &mut DeckWinPad, _idx: u8) -> PadFeedback {
// The Deck poll returns `Some` exactly when a fresh output report landed (a seq bump), so
// its presence is the game-activity signal, even when the rumble level is unchanged.
let rumble = pad.service();
PadFeedback {
rumble,
hidout: Vec::new(),
game_drove: Some(rumble.is_some()),
}
}
}
/// All virtual Steam Deck pads of a Windows session — the analogue of the Linux
/// `SteamControllerManager`, with the same method surface (via the shared [`UhidManager`]) as
/// the other Windows pad managers.
pub type SteamDeckWindowsManager = UhidManager<DeckWinProto>;
+353
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@@ -0,0 +1,353 @@
//! Input injection (plan §4): turn client [`punktfunk_core::input::InputEvent`]s into host input.
//!
//! The headless Sway compositor runs with `WLR_LIBINPUT_NO_DEVICES=1`, so kernel `uinput`
//! devices are never picked up. Instead we inject through the wlroots virtual-input Wayland
//! protocols — `zwlr_virtual_pointer_manager_v1` + `zwp_virtual_keyboard_manager_v1` — which
//! Sway always advertises. We connect as an ordinary Wayland client (the host process
//! inherits Sway's `WAYLAND_DISPLAY`/`XDG_RUNTIME_DIR`), bind the two managers, and translate
//! events into virtual pointer/keyboard requests. Keyboard codes are Linux evdev; we upload an
//! xkb keymap (the host's layout via `XKB_DEFAULT_LAYOUT` et al., defaulting to evdev/US) and
//! track modifier state so the compositor resolves shifted keysyms correctly.
//!
//! Extracted into a subsystem crate (plan §W6): consumes `punktfunk_core::input` (the neutral
//! event vocabulary) + `pf-driver-proto` (the HID wire contract), never the orchestrator.
// Scaffold: trait methods + per-OS backends are defined ahead of the target that uses them.
#![allow(dead_code)]
// Every unsafe block in this crate carries a `// SAFETY:` proof; enforce it (unsafe-proof program).
#![deny(clippy::undocumented_unsafe_blocks)]
use anyhow::Result;
use punktfunk_core::input::{InputEvent, InputKind};
#[path = "inject/keymap.rs"]
mod keymap;
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
pub(crate) use keymap::gs_button_to_evdev;
pub use keymap::KEY_FLAG_SEMANTIC_VK;
// vk_to_evdev is consumed by the Linux injectors (kwin/libei/wlr) and — on Windows — only by the
// SendInput mirror test; keep the shared `crate::vk_to_evdev` re-export unconditionally.
#[cfg_attr(not(target_os = "linux"), allow(unused_imports))]
pub use keymap::vk_to_evdev;
/// Device-agnostic dedup for the rich HID-output feedback plane (0xCD), shared by the virtual-pad
/// managers ([`uhid_manager`]).
#[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "windows"))]
#[path = "inject/hidout_dedup.rs"]
pub mod hidout_dedup;
/// Injects input events into the host session. Not `Send`: an injector owns compositor
/// resources (a Wayland connection, an xkb state) and lives entirely on the control thread
/// that creates it.
pub trait InputInjector {
fn inject(&mut self, event: &InputEvent) -> Result<()>;
}
/// Preferred injection backend. Which variants exist is **per-OS**: the factory ([`open`]) is a
/// single per-target block, so it can only be handed a backend that exists on the target — an
/// impossible OS/backend pairing is a compile error, not a runtime `bail!` (plan §2.3).
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum Backend {
/// wlroots virtual pointer + keyboard Wayland protocols — the headless-Sway path.
WlrVirtual,
/// KWin `org_kde_kwin_fake_input` — direct injection, no RemoteDesktop portal / approval dialog
/// (authorized by the host's `.desktop`). The headless KDE-Desktop path; what krdpserver uses.
KwinFakeInput,
/// libei via `reis` — Wayland-native (RemoteDesktop portal).
Libei,
/// libei directly against gamescope's own EIS socket (no portal): input lands in the
/// nested game — the SteamOS-like session.
GamescopeEi,
}
/// Preferred injection backend. Windows has exactly one path (`SendInput`).
#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum Backend {
/// Windows `SendInput` (Win32 KeyboardAndMouse) — the Windows host path.
SendInput,
}
/// Preferred injection backend. No injector exists on this platform; [`open`] rejects it.
#[cfg(not(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "windows")))]
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum Backend {
/// Placeholder so the host still builds; the platform has no input injection.
Unsupported,
}
/// Open the injector for `backend`. The body is one per-OS block: on each target `backend` can only
/// name a backend that platform has, so there are no cross-OS `bail!` arms (plan §2.3).
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
pub fn open(backend: Backend) -> Result<Box<dyn InputInjector>> {
match backend {
Backend::WlrVirtual => Ok(Box::new(wlr::WlrootsInjector::open()?)),
Backend::KwinFakeInput => Ok(Box::new(kwin_fake_input::KwinFakeInjector::open()?)),
Backend::Libei => Ok(Box::new(
libei::LibeiInjector::open_with(libei_ei_source())?,
)),
Backend::GamescopeEi => Ok(Box::new(libei::LibeiInjector::open_with(
libei::EiSource::SocketPathFile(pf_paths::gamescope_ei_socket_file()),
)?)),
}
}
/// Open the injector for `backend` (Windows: always `SendInput`).
#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
pub fn open(backend: Backend) -> Result<Box<dyn InputInjector>> {
match backend {
Backend::SendInput => Ok(Box::new(sendinput::SendInputInjector::open()?)),
}
}
/// No input-injection backend exists on this platform.
#[cfg(not(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "windows")))]
pub fn open(_backend: Backend) -> Result<Box<dyn InputInjector>> {
anyhow::bail!("no input-injection backend on this platform")
}
/// Pick the injection backend for the current session. gamescope hosts its own EIS server (no
/// portal), so a gamescope session injects directly into it. wlroots/Sway only implements the
/// ScreenCast portal (no RemoteDesktop), so libei can't run there — use the wlr virtual-input
/// protocols. **KWin** exposes `org_kde_kwin_fake_input` (direct injection, no portal / approval
/// dialog — the only headless-capable path; what krdpserver uses), so prefer it there. **GNOME**
/// has neither fake_input nor the wlr protocols, so it uses libei via the RemoteDesktop portal
/// (which needs a user to approve, or a pre-seeded grant — not truly headless).
/// `PUNKTFUNK_INPUT_BACKEND=wlr|kwin|libei|gamescope` overrides the auto-detection.
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
pub fn default_backend() -> Backend {
if let Ok(v) = std::env::var("PUNKTFUNK_INPUT_BACKEND") {
match v.trim().to_ascii_lowercase().as_str() {
"wlr" | "wlroots" | "wlrvirtual" => return Backend::WlrVirtual,
"kwin" | "fakeinput" | "fake_input" | "kwin-fake-input" => {
return Backend::KwinFakeInput
}
"libei" | "ei" | "portal" => return Backend::Libei,
"gamescope" | "gamescope-ei" => return Backend::GamescopeEi,
other => tracing::warn!(
value = other,
"unknown PUNKTFUNK_INPUT_BACKEND — auto-detecting"
),
}
}
// An explicit compositor pick (set per connect / mid-stream) is the strongest signal.
let compositor = pf_host_config::config().compositor.clone();
if let Some(c) = compositor.as_deref() {
let c = c.trim();
if c.eq_ignore_ascii_case("gamescope") {
return Backend::GamescopeEi;
}
if c.eq_ignore_ascii_case("kwin") {
return Backend::KwinFakeInput;
}
if c.eq_ignore_ascii_case("wlroots")
|| c.eq_ignore_ascii_case("sway")
// Hyprland kept the wlr virtual-input protocols, so it injects through the same
// backend as sway/river (design/hyprland-support.md D4).
|| c.eq_ignore_ascii_case("hyprland")
{
return Backend::WlrVirtual;
}
// mutter (GNOME) falls through to the XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP check below.
}
let desktop = std::env::var("XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP").unwrap_or_default();
let d = desktop.to_ascii_uppercase();
if d.contains("KDE") {
Backend::KwinFakeInput
} else if d.contains("GNOME") {
Backend::Libei
} else {
Backend::WlrVirtual
}
}
/// The Windows host has a single injection backend.
#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
pub fn default_backend() -> Backend {
Backend::SendInput
}
/// No injector on this platform.
#[cfg(not(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "windows")))]
pub fn default_backend() -> Backend {
Backend::Unsupported
}
#[path = "inject/service.rs"]
mod service;
pub use service::InjectorService;
/// How the libei backend reaches its EIS server. KWin goes through the `RemoteDesktop` *portal*
/// (with a pre-seeded grant), but GNOME's portal `Start()` needs an interactive approval a
/// headless host can't answer — so GNOME goes straight to Mutter's *direct* RemoteDesktop EIS
/// (`org.gnome.Mutter.RemoteDesktop`), the same direct API the Mutter video backend uses.
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
fn libei_ei_source() -> libei::EiSource {
let gnome = pf_host_config::config()
.compositor
.as_deref()
.is_some_and(|v| v.trim().eq_ignore_ascii_case("mutter"))
|| std::env::var("XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP")
.unwrap_or_default()
.to_ascii_uppercase()
.contains("GNOME");
if gnome {
libei::EiSource::MutterEis
} else {
libei::EiSource::Portal
}
}
// Goal-1 stage 6: Linux UHID/uinput/libei/wlr backends under `inject/linux/`, the Windows UMDF/SendInput
// backends under `inject/windows/`, and the transport-independent HID codecs under `inject/proto/`;
// `#[path]` keeps every `crate::*` module name flat.
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
#[path = "inject/linux/dualsense.rs"]
pub mod dualsense;
/// Windows: virtual DualSense **Edge** via the same UMDF minidriver + shared-memory channel
/// (device-type 2) — the wire back grips land on the Edge's native back/Fn buttons.
#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
#[path = "inject/windows/dualsense_edge_windows.rs"]
pub mod dualsense_edge_windows;
/// Transport-independent DualSense HID contract, shared by the Linux UHID backend ([`dualsense`])
/// and the Windows UMDF-driver backend ([`dualsense_windows`]).
#[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "windows"))]
#[path = "inject/proto/dualsense_proto.rs"]
pub mod dualsense_proto;
/// Windows: virtual DualSense via the UMDF minidriver + a shared-memory host channel.
#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
#[path = "inject/windows/dualsense_windows.rs"]
pub mod dualsense_windows;
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
#[path = "inject/linux/dualshock4.rs"]
pub mod dualshock4;
/// Transport-independent DualShock 4 HID codec, shared by the Linux UHID backend ([`dualshock4`])
/// and the Windows UMDF-driver backend ([`dualshock4_windows`]).
#[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "windows"))]
#[path = "inject/proto/dualshock4_proto.rs"]
pub mod dualshock4_proto;
/// Windows: virtual DualShock 4 via the same UMDF minidriver + shared-memory channel (device-type 1).
#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
#[path = "inject/windows/dualshock4_windows.rs"]
pub mod dualshock4_windows;
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
#[path = "inject/linux/gamepad.rs"]
pub mod gamepad;
/// Windows: virtual Xbox 360 pads via the in-tree XUSB companion UMDF driver (classic XInput).
#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
#[path = "inject/windows/gamepad_windows.rs"]
pub mod gamepad;
/// Windows: small RAII wrappers (`Shm` section+view, `SwDevice` devnode) shared by the three gamepad
/// backends (DualSense / DualShock 4 / XUSB), so each per-pad resource closes deterministically on drop.
#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
#[path = "inject/windows/gamepad_raii.rs"]
mod gamepad_raii;
/// Windows: the RESIDENT virtual HID mouse via the pf-mouse UMDF minidriver — keeps
/// `SM_MOUSEPRESENT` true on headless hosts so DWM composites a cursor into the IDD frame
/// (`SendInput` alone moves an invisible pointer when no physical mouse is attached).
#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
#[path = "inject/windows/mouse_windows.rs"]
pub mod mouse_windows;
/// Shared virtual-pad creation-retry policy ([`pad_gate::PadGate`]), driven by [`pad_slots`] for
/// every backend manager — replaces the per-backend permanent `broken` latch with capped-backoff
/// retry.
#[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "windows"))]
#[path = "inject/pad_gate.rs"]
pub mod pad_gate;
/// Shared virtual-pad slot table + creation lifecycle ([`pad_slots::PadSlots`]) — the
/// `Vec<Option<Pad>>` table, `active_mask` unplug sweep, and gate-checked create every backend
/// manager used to copy-paste (G12).
#[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "windows"))]
#[path = "inject/pad_slots.rs"]
pub mod pad_slots;
/// Linux: virtual Steam Deck via UHID — the kernel `hid-steam` driver binds it as a real Deck.
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
#[path = "inject/linux/steam_controller.rs"]
pub mod steam_controller;
/// Linux: virtual Steam Controller 2 (Triton, `28DE:1302`) via UHID — as-is raw passthrough of a
/// client-captured physical pad; Steam Input drives the hidraw node (no kernel driver binds it).
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
#[path = "inject/linux/steam_controller2.rs"]
pub mod steam_controller2;
/// Windows: virtual Steam Deck via the same UMDF minidriver + shared-memory channel
/// (device-type 3) — promoted by Steam Input thanks to the `&MI_02` hardware-id synthesis.
#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
#[path = "inject/windows/steam_deck_windows.rs"]
pub mod steam_deck_windows;
/// Linux: virtual Steam Deck via the USB gadget subsystem (`raw_gadget` + `dummy_hcd`) — the only
/// virtual-Deck transport Steam Input promotes (presents the controller on USB interface 2).
/// SteamOS-host only (needs `dummy_hcd` + `raw_gadget`).
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
#[path = "inject/linux/steam_gadget.rs"]
pub mod steam_gadget;
/// Transport-independent Steam Controller / Steam Deck HID contract (descriptor, byte-exact Deck
/// serializer, XInput/rich mappers, rumble parser), used by the Linux UHID backend
/// ([`steam_controller`]) and the Windows UMDF backend ([`steam_deck_windows`]).
#[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "windows"))]
#[path = "inject/proto/steam_proto.rs"]
pub mod steam_proto;
/// Pure fallback-remap policy (Steam-only inputs onto a non-Steam backend) + the Deck motion rescale.
/// Shared by the Linux and Windows DualSense/DS4 backends (the slot-less pads that must fold the
/// Steam back grips); the Deck motion rescale is Linux-only but harmless to compile on Windows.
#[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "windows"))]
#[path = "inject/proto/steam_remap.rs"]
pub mod steam_remap;
/// Linux: virtual Steam Deck over **USB/IP** (`vhci_hcd`) — the shippable, Secure-Boot-clean,
/// Steam-Input-promotable virtual-Deck transport on non-SteamOS hosts (Bazzite/generic), where
/// `dummy_hcd`/`raw_gadget` aren't built. In-tree + signed; no module build, no MOK.
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
#[path = "inject/linux/steam_usbip.rs"]
pub mod steam_usbip;
/// Linux: virtual Nintendo Switch Pro Controller via UHID (kernel `hid-nintendo`).
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
#[path = "inject/linux/switch_pro.rs"]
pub mod switch_pro;
/// Transport-independent Switch Pro Controller codec + the canned `hid-nintendo` handshake
/// replies, used by the Linux UHID backend ([`switch_pro`]).
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
#[path = "inject/proto/switch_proto.rs"]
pub mod switch_proto;
/// Transport-independent Steam Controller 2 (Triton) contract: descriptor, SDL-documented report
/// layout, the typed fallback serializer, and the rumble-output parser. Linux-only consumer today
/// ([`steam_controller2`]).
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
#[path = "inject/proto/triton_proto.rs"]
pub mod triton_proto;
/// Linux: virtual Steam Controller 2 over **USB/IP** — a real USB device byte-matched to the
/// physical wired pad's captured descriptors, so Steam lists it (the UHID leg is confirmed
/// invisible to Steam). Preferred transport of [`steam_controller2`].
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
#[path = "inject/linux/triton_usbip.rs"]
pub mod triton_usbip;
/// The generic stateful virtual-pad manager ([`uhid_manager::UhidManager`]) — event routing, frame
/// merge, heartbeat, and feedback pump shared by the five UHID/UMDF backends; each supplies only
/// its per-controller protocol via [`uhid_manager::PadProto`] (G12).
#[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "windows"))]
#[path = "inject/uhid_manager.rs"]
pub mod uhid_manager;
/// Stub — virtual gamepads need Linux uinput or the Windows UMDF drivers; events are dropped elsewhere.
#[cfg(not(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "windows")))]
pub mod gamepad {
#[derive(Default)]
pub struct GamepadManager;
impl GamepadManager {
pub fn new() -> Self {
GamepadManager
}
pub fn handle(&mut self, _ev: &punktfunk_core::input::GamepadEvent) {}
pub fn pump_rumble(&mut self, _send: impl FnMut(u16, u16, u16)) {}
}
}
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
#[path = "inject/linux/kwin_fake_input.rs"]
mod kwin_fake_input;
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
#[path = "inject/linux/libei.rs"]
mod libei;
#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
#[path = "inject/windows/sendinput.rs"]
mod sendinput;
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
#[path = "inject/linux/wlr.rs"]
mod wlr;