fix(gamescope/cursor): follow gamescope's own cursor verdict — the corner-parked pointer

gamescope hides its pointer by WARPING the X pointer to the root's bottom-right corner pixel;
it does not swap in a transparent X cursor, so XFixesGetCursorImage keeps handing back the last
opaque arrow. The XFixes source picked its display by "whichever pointer moved", and a parked
pointer never moves again — so it froze on the parked Xwayland and composited that arrow at
(w-1, h-1): a sliver of cursor welded to the corner of the stream for the rest of the session
while the real pointer went undrawn. Reported on-glass in every game (a game grabs the pointer,
so the hide is permanent): "part of cursor shows up on bottom right ... isn't where it really is".

Follow GAMESCOPE_CURSOR_VISIBLE_FEEDBACK instead — gamescope publishes it on every nested
Xwayland root: 1 on the server whose pointer it is drawing, 0 on the others and 0 on all of them
once the pointer is hidden. It answers both questions correctly for a STATIC pointer, which
motion cannot: which Xwayland owns it, and whether to draw it at all. Read at connect, re-read
on its root PropertyNotify (event drain now discriminates CursorNotify vs PropertyNotify) with a
250 ms resync as the self-heal. A pointer gamescope draws nowhere is published visible:false,
not dropped — the encode loop overwrites the frame's overlay from this slot and strips invisible
ones, so a None would leave the last visible overlay standing on repeat frames. Honouring the
atom also gives the stream gamescope's own idle auto-hide, which this source never had.

The pointer-motion heuristic stays as the fallback for a gamescope that publishes no verdict
(logged at session start via cursor_feedback=false), so nothing regresses to a cursorless stream.

Measured on a live 1920x1080 Steam Gaming Mode session (RTX 5070 Ti, gamescope c31743d+,
--xwayland-count 2 --hide-cursor-delay 3000): idle 3 s => pointer (1919,1079) + feedback 0;
real evdev motion => pointer live + feedback 1. End-to-end against that session the source now
publishes visible=false while parked and tracks the live pointer within one 250 ms sample of
motion. cargo clippy -p pf-capture --lib -D warnings and the 5 new pick_active tests are green
at cargo 1.96.1 (CI parity); cargo fmt --all --check clean.

crates/pf-capture/src/linux/xfixes_cursor.rs

@@ -10,20 +10,31 @@
 //!
 //! **Multiple Xwaylands.** gamescope runs one Xwayland per `--xwayland-count` (Steam Gaming Mode
 //! uses 2: one for Big Picture, one for the game). The pointer lives on whichever is FOCUSED — an
-//! inactive display's pointer is frozen. So the source connects to ALL of them and each tick
+//! inactive display's pointer is frozen. So the source connects to ALL of them and publishes from
-//! follows the one whose pointer actually moved (gamescope routes input to the focused surface, so
+//! the one gamescope is actually drawing the pointer on; it reads that display's shape too, since
-//! exactly one moves at a time). It reads that display's shape too, since each Xwayland has its own
+//! each Xwayland has its own current cursor. This is why a single-display read froze the pointer
-//! current cursor. This is why a single-display read froze the pointer the moment a game on the
+//! the moment a game on the OTHER Xwayland took focus.
-//! OTHER Xwayland took focus.
 //!
-//! Two X sources per display, split by cost (Sunshine's split):
+//! Three X sources per display, split by cost (Sunshine's split, plus gamescope's own verdict):
 //! * **Position** — core `QueryPointer` on the root, polled fast. Cheap (a few-byte reply, no
-//!   bitmap), so it can out-pace the stream fps and keep the composited pointer smooth. It also
+//!   bitmap), so it can out-pace the stream fps and keep the composited pointer smooth.
-//!   doubles as the focus signal (the display whose pointer moves is the active one).
+//! * **Shape / hotspot** — `XFixesGetCursorImage`, refreshed only after an XFixes `CursorNotify`
-//! * **Shape / hotspot / visibility** — `XFixesGetCursorImage`, refreshed only after an XFixes
+//!   (a real cursor change). A fully-transparent image reads as hidden.
-//!   `CursorNotify` (a real cursor change). A game hiding the pointer IS a cursor change → the
+//! * **Visibility + focus** — [`GAMESCOPE_CURSOR_VISIBLE_FEEDBACK`](GS_CURSOR_FEEDBACK) on the
-//!   image comes back fully transparent → `visible: false`, which the encode loop strips before
+//!   root, read at connect and re-read on its `PropertyNotify`.
-//!   any blend path draws it (so a grabbed pointer shows nothing, matching native gamescope).
+//!
+//! **Why the feedback atom and not pointer motion.** gamescope hides its pointer by WARPING the X
+//! pointer to the root's bottom-right corner pixel — it does NOT swap in a transparent X cursor, so
+//! `XFixesGetCursorImage` keeps handing back the last opaque arrow. The original "follow whichever
+//! display's pointer moved" heuristic therefore stuck to the parked display (a parked pointer never
+//! moves again) and composited that arrow at `(w-1, h-1)`: a sliver of cursor welded to the corner
+//! of the stream for the rest of the session, while the real pointer went undrawn. Reported
+//! on-glass as "part of cursor shows up on bottom right … isn't where it really is", in every game
+//! (a game grabs the pointer, so the hide is permanent). Measured on a live 1920x1080 Gaming Mode
+//! session: real motion ⇒ pointer live + feedback `1`; 3 s idle (`--hide-cursor-delay 3000`) ⇒
+//! pointer `(1919, 1079)` + feedback `0`. The atom answers BOTH questions correctly for a static
+//! pointer, which motion cannot: which Xwayland owns it, and whether to draw it at all — so
+//! honouring it also gives the stream gamescope's own idle auto-hide, which this source never had.
 
 use std::sync::{
     atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
@@ -35,7 +46,11 @@ use pf_frame::CursorOverlay;
 use x11rb::connection::Connection;
 use x11rb::errors::ReplyError;
 use x11rb::protocol::xfixes::{self, ConnectionExt as _, GetCursorImageReply};
-use x11rb::protocol::xproto::{ConnectionExt as _, QueryPointerReply, Window};
+use x11rb::protocol::xproto::{
+    Atom, AtomEnum, ChangeWindowAttributesAux, ConnectionExt as _, EventMask, QueryPointerReply,
+    Window,
+};
+use x11rb::protocol::Event;
 use x11rb::rust_connection::RustConnection;
 
 /// Serializes the brief `XAUTHORITY` env swap around a connect (the var is process-global). Only
@@ -47,6 +62,17 @@ static XAUTH_LOCK: Mutex<()> = Mutex::new(());
 /// and must out-run a 240 fps session or the pointer stutters.
 const POLL: Duration = Duration::from_millis(4);
 
+/// gamescope's own pointer verdict, published on EVERY nested Xwayland's root: `1` on the server
+/// whose pointer gamescope is currently drawing, `0` on the others — and `0` on all of them once
+/// the pointer is hidden (a game grabbed it, or `--hide-cursor-delay` fired). See the module docs
+/// for why this, and not pointer motion, is the signal this source follows.
+const GS_CURSOR_FEEDBACK: &str = "GAMESCOPE_CURSOR_VISIBLE_FEEDBACK";
+
+/// Self-heal cadence for the feedback re-read: `PropertyNotify` drives it, this only covers a
+/// missed/coalesced event (and a gamescope that publishes the atom after we connected). One
+/// `GetProperty` per display per interval is nothing next to the 250 Hz pointer poll.
+const FEEDBACK_RESYNC: Duration = Duration::from_millis(250);
+
 /// A running XFixes cursor reader. Dropping it stops the worker thread and joins it, releasing the
 /// X connections — so it lives exactly as long as the capturer that owns it.
 pub(super) struct XFixesCursorSource {
@@ -68,7 +94,9 @@ impl XFixesCursorSource {
         let mut displays = Vec::new();
         for (dpy, xauth) in targets {
             match connect(&dpy, xauth.as_deref()) {
-                Ok((conn, root)) => displays.push(XDisplay::new(dpy, conn, root)),
+                Ok((conn, root, feedback)) => {
+                    displays.push(XDisplay::new(dpy, conn, root, feedback))
+                }
                 Err(e) => tracing::warn!(
                     dpy = %dpy,
                     error = %e,
@@ -84,9 +112,13 @@ impl XFixesCursorSource {
             return None;
         }
         let names: Vec<&str> = displays.iter().map(|d| d.name.as_str()).collect();
+        let feedback = displays.iter().any(|d| d.gs_visible.is_some());
         tracing::info!(
             displays = ?names,
-            "gamescope cursor: XFixes source live — following the focused Xwayland's pointer"
+            cursor_feedback = feedback,
+            "gamescope cursor: XFixes source live — following the Xwayland gamescope draws the \
+             pointer on (cursor_feedback=false ⇒ this gamescope publishes no \
+             GAMESCOPE_CURSOR_VISIBLE_FEEDBACK, degrading to the pointer-motion heuristic)"
         );
 
         let stop = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
@@ -111,10 +143,15 @@ impl Drop for XFixesCursorSource {
     }
 }
 
-/// Open the X connection, negotiate XFixes, and select cursor-change events — returning the
+/// Open the X connection, negotiate XFixes, and select cursor-change + root-property events —
-/// connection + root window. `RustConnection` reads `XAUTHORITY` from the env at connect time only,
+/// returning the connection, root window and this display's initial
-/// so set it under the lock (the host isn't a gamescope child), connect, then restore.
+/// [`GAMESCOPE_CURSOR_FEEDBACK`](GS_CURSOR_FEEDBACK) reading (`(atom, value)`; the value is `None`
-fn connect(dpy: &str, xauthority: Option<&str>) -> Result<(RustConnection, Window), String> {
+/// when gamescope publishes no such property here). `RustConnection` reads `XAUTHORITY` from the
+/// env at connect time only, so set it under the lock (the host isn't a gamescope child), connect,
+/// then restore.
+type Connected = (RustConnection, Window, (Atom, Option<bool>));
+
+fn connect(dpy: &str, xauthority: Option<&str>) -> Result<Connected, String> {
     let (conn, screen_num) = {
         let _g = XAUTH_LOCK.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner());
         let prev = std::env::var_os("XAUTHORITY");
@@ -148,8 +185,41 @@ fn connect(dpy: &str, xauthority: Option<&str>) -> Result<(RustConnection, Windo
         .map_err(ReplyError::from)
         .and_then(|c| c.check())
         .map_err(|e| format!("SelectCursorInput: {e}"))?;
+
+    // …and whenever gamescope republishes its cursor verdict. Interned with `only_if_exists=false`
+    // so we hold a matchable atom id even on a gamescope that sets the property later; a failure to
+    // select PROPERTY_CHANGE is NOT fatal — the resync re-read still tracks it, just at 250 ms.
+    let feedback_atom = conn
+        .intern_atom(false, GS_CURSOR_FEEDBACK.as_bytes())
+        .map_err(ReplyError::from)
+        .and_then(|c| c.reply())
+        .map(|r| r.atom)
+        .unwrap_or(0);
+    if let Ok(c) = conn.change_window_attributes(
+        root,
+        &ChangeWindowAttributesAux::new().event_mask(EventMask::PROPERTY_CHANGE),
+    ) {
+        let _ = c.check();
+    }
     let _ = conn.flush();
-    Ok((conn, root))
+    let feedback = read_cursor_feedback(&conn, root, feedback_atom);
+    Ok((conn, root, (feedback_atom, feedback)))
+}
+
+/// Read `GAMESCOPE_CURSOR_VISIBLE_FEEDBACK` off `root`. `None` = the property is absent or
+/// unreadable (not a gamescope that publishes it) — the caller then falls back to the pointer-motion
+/// heuristic rather than blanking the cursor, so an older gamescope keeps today's behaviour.
+fn read_cursor_feedback(conn: &RustConnection, root: Window, atom: Atom) -> Option<bool> {
+    if atom == 0 {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let reply = conn
+        .get_property(false, root, atom, AtomEnum::CARDINAL, 0, 1)
+        .ok()?
+        .reply()
+        .ok()?;
+    let value = reply.value32()?.next()?;
+    Some(value != 0)
 }
 
 /// One gamescope Xwayland the source tracks.
@@ -163,12 +233,22 @@ struct XDisplay {
     shape: Shape,
     /// A `CursorNotify` (or first read) is pending — fetch the shape when this display is active.
     need_shape: bool,
+    /// Interned [`GS_CURSOR_FEEDBACK`] atom (`0` = intern failed — treated as absent).
+    feedback_atom: Atom,
+    /// gamescope's verdict for THIS display: `Some(true)` = it is drawing the pointer here,
+    /// `Some(false)` = it is not, `None` = this gamescope publishes no verdict at all.
+    gs_visible: Option<bool>,
     /// The X connection died (game/Xwayland exited) — skip it.
     dead: bool,
 }
 
 impl XDisplay {
-    fn new(name: String, conn: RustConnection, root: Window) -> Self {
+    fn new(
+        name: String,
+        conn: RustConnection,
+        root: Window,
+        (feedback_atom, gs_visible): (Atom, Option<bool>),
+    ) -> Self {
         XDisplay {
             name,
             conn,
@@ -176,9 +256,20 @@ impl XDisplay {
             last_pos: None,
             shape: Shape::default(),
             need_shape: true,
+            feedback_atom,
+            gs_visible,
             dead: false,
         }
     }
+
+    /// Re-read gamescope's verdict, keeping a previously-seen one if the read fails (a transient
+    /// failure must not look like "this gamescope has no feedback" and re-arm the motion heuristic).
+    fn resync_feedback(&mut self) {
+        let fresh = read_cursor_feedback(&self.conn, self.root, self.feedback_atom);
+        if fresh.is_some() || self.gs_visible.is_none() {
+            self.gs_visible = fresh;
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 /// Cached cursor shape for one display.
@@ -209,20 +300,35 @@ fn run(
     let mut out_serial = 0u64;
     let mut last_key = (usize::MAX, u64::MAX);
     let mut warned_image = false;
+    let mut last_resync = std::time::Instant::now();
 
     while !stop.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
-        // 1) Poll every display's pointer; note which moved since last tick (the focus signal).
+        // A missed/coalesced PropertyNotify would otherwise strand the verdict — re-read on a slow
+        // cadence so the source always converges (also picks the atom up if gamescope adds it late).
+        let resync = last_resync.elapsed() >= FEEDBACK_RESYNC;
+        if resync {
+            last_resync = std::time::Instant::now();
+        }
+
+        // 1) Poll every display's pointer; note which moved since last tick (the fallback focus
+        //    signal, used only when this gamescope publishes no cursor verdict).
         let mut active_moved = false;
         let mut other_moved: Option<usize> = None;
         for (i, d) in displays.iter_mut().enumerate() {
             if d.dead {
                 continue;
             }
-            // Drain pending events; the only ones selected are CursorNotify, so ANY event means
+            // Drain pending events. Two kinds are selected: XFixes CursorNotify (the shape
-            // "re-read this display's shape". poll_for_event never blocks.
+            // changed) and root PropertyNotify (gamescope republished its cursor verdict, among
+            // the many other properties it keeps on the root — hence the atom match).
+            let mut need_feedback = resync;
             loop {
                 match d.conn.poll_for_event() {
-                    Ok(Some(_)) => d.need_shape = true,
+                    Ok(Some(Event::XfixesCursorNotify(_))) => d.need_shape = true,
+                    Ok(Some(Event::PropertyNotify(ev))) => {
+                        need_feedback |= d.feedback_atom != 0 && ev.atom == d.feedback_atom;
+                    }
+                    Ok(Some(_)) => {}
                     Ok(None) => break,
                     Err(_) => {
                         d.dead = true;
@@ -230,6 +336,9 @@ fn run(
                     }
                 }
             }
+            if need_feedback && !d.dead {
+                d.resync_feedback();
+            }
             match fetch_pointer(&d.conn, d.root) {
                 Ok(p) if p.same_screen => {
                     let pos = (i32::from(p.root_x), i32::from(p.root_y));
@@ -248,13 +357,11 @@ fn run(
             }
         }
 
-        // 2) Switch focus: sticky to the active display while it moves (no flapping); otherwise
+        // 2) Pick the display to publish from, and decide whether a pointer should be drawn at all.
-        //    follow another display that moved. If the active one died, fall to any live display.
+        let states: Vec<(bool, Option<bool>)> =
-        if !active_moved {
+            displays.iter().map(|d| (d.dead, d.gs_visible)).collect();
-            if let Some(j) = other_moved {
+        let hidden_by_gamescope;
-                active = j;
+        (active, hidden_by_gamescope) = pick_active(&states, active, active_moved, other_moved);
-            }
-        }
         if displays.get(active).is_none_or(|d| d.dead) {
             match displays.iter().position(|d| !d.dead) {
                 Some(k) => active = k,
@@ -283,7 +390,11 @@ fn run(
 
         // 4) Publish the ACTIVE display's pointer + shape (or clear the slot when it has no cursor
         //    of its own — so a focus switch never leaves the other display's stale pointer showing).
+        //    A pointer gamescope is not drawing is published `visible: false`, NOT dropped: the
+        //    encode loop overwrites the frame's overlay from this slot and strips invisible ones, so
+        //    a `None` here would leave the last visible overlay standing on repeat frames.
         let d = &displays[active];
+        let drawn = d.shape.visible && !hidden_by_gamescope;
         let overlay = match (d.last_pos, d.shape.rgba.is_empty()) {
             (Some((px, py)), false) => {
                 let key = (active, d.shape.serial);
@@ -301,7 +412,7 @@ fn run(
                     serial: out_serial,
                     hot_x: d.shape.hot_x,
                     hot_y: d.shape.hot_y,
-                    visible: d.shape.visible,
+                    visible: drawn,
                 })
             }
             _ => None,
@@ -314,6 +425,39 @@ fn run(
     }
 }
 
+/// Which display to publish from, and whether gamescope is drawing NO pointer right now —
+/// `(active, hidden)`. `states` is one `(dead, gs_visible)` per display, in `displays` order.
+///
+/// PREFERRED: gamescope's own verdict. It is authoritative for a STATIC pointer, which is exactly
+/// the case motion cannot read — a game grabs the pointer, gamescope parks it in the bottom-right
+/// corner, and "follow whichever moved" then never switches again (see the module docs).
+///
+/// FALLBACK, only when NO live display publishes the verdict: the original motion heuristic —
+/// sticky to the active display while its pointer moves (no flapping), else follow another that
+/// moved. `hidden` is never asserted on this path, so an older gamescope keeps today's behaviour.
+fn pick_active(
+    states: &[(bool, Option<bool>)],
+    active: usize,
+    active_moved: bool,
+    other_moved: Option<usize>,
+) -> (usize, bool) {
+    let live = |&(dead, _): &(bool, Option<bool>)| !dead;
+    if states.iter().filter(|s| live(s)).any(|(_, v)| v.is_some()) {
+        return match states.iter().position(|s| live(s) && s.1 == Some(true)) {
+            // gamescope is drawing the pointer here — publish from it.
+            Some(i) => (i, false),
+            // Drawing none of them (a game grabbed it, or the idle auto-hide fired). Keep `active`
+            // so the shape cache and last position stay warm for the re-show; the caller publishes
+            // the overlay `visible: false` instead of dropping it.
+            None => (active, true),
+        };
+    }
+    match other_moved {
+        Some(j) if !active_moved => (j, false),
+        _ => (active, false),
+    }
+}
+
 /// Update `shape` from a fresh `GetCursorImage` reply. A hidden pointer (all-transparent) keeps the
 /// last bitmap (instant re-show) but flips visibility; the serial still bumps so the change shows.
 fn update_shape(shape: &mut Shape, img: &GetCursorImageReply) {
@@ -364,3 +508,60 @@ fn argb_premul_to_straight_rgba(argb: &[u32]) -> Vec<u8> {
     }
     out
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::pick_active;
+
+    /// Steam Gaming Mode shape: display 0 = Big Picture's Xwayland, 1 = the game's.
+    const BPM: usize = 0;
+    const GAME: usize = 1;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn follows_the_display_gamescope_draws_on() {
+        // Verdict beats motion: gamescope says the game's Xwayland owns the pointer, so we publish
+        // from it even though only BPM's (parked) pointer looks like it moved.
+        let states = [(false, Some(false)), (false, Some(true))];
+        assert_eq!(pick_active(&states, BPM, false, Some(BPM)), (GAME, false));
+    }
+
+    /// THE REGRESSION: gamescope hides the pointer by warping it to the root's bottom-right corner
+    /// and leaves the opaque arrow as the X cursor. Nothing moves ever again, so the motion
+    /// heuristic stayed on the parked display and composited that arrow at (w-1, h-1) — a sliver of
+    /// cursor welded to the corner of the stream for the whole session, in every game.
+    #[test]
+    fn a_pointer_gamescope_draws_nowhere_is_hidden_not_parked() {
+        let states = [(false, Some(false)), (false, Some(false))];
+        // `active` is kept (shape cache + last position stay warm for the re-show) but hidden.
+        assert_eq!(pick_active(&states, GAME, false, None), (GAME, true));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn re_show_returns_to_the_drawing_display() {
+        let states = [(false, Some(true)), (false, Some(false))];
+        assert_eq!(pick_active(&states, GAME, false, None), (BPM, false));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_dead_displays_verdict_is_ignored() {
+        // The game's Xwayland exited mid-session with a stale `Some(true)`; BPM is the live one.
+        let states = [(false, Some(true)), (true, Some(true))];
+        assert_eq!(pick_active(&states, GAME, false, None), (BPM, false));
+        // …and a dead display's `Some` must not count as "this gamescope publishes a verdict",
+        // which would blank the cursor forever on a gamescope that publishes none.
+        let states = [(false, None), (true, Some(false))];
+        assert_eq!(pick_active(&states, BPM, false, Some(GAME)), (GAME, false));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn no_verdict_falls_back_to_the_motion_heuristic() {
+        let none = [(false, None), (false, None)];
+        // Sticky while the active display's own pointer moves…
+        assert_eq!(pick_active(&none, BPM, true, Some(GAME)), (BPM, false));
+        // …otherwise follow the one that moved…
+        assert_eq!(pick_active(&none, BPM, false, Some(GAME)), (GAME, false));
+        // …and never assert `hidden` on this path (that would regress an older gamescope to a
+        // cursorless stream).
+        assert_eq!(pick_active(&none, BPM, false, None), (BPM, false));
+    }
+}